Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released September 12, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Corn Production Up Less Than 1 Percent from August Forecast Soybean Production Down Slightly Cotton Production Down 4 Percent Corn production for grain is forecast at 15.2 billion bushels, up less than 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 1 percent from 2023. Based on conditions as of September 1, yields are expected to average 183.6 bushels per harvested acre, up 0.5 bushel from the previous forecast and up 6.3 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 82.7 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 4 percent from the previous year. Soybean production for beans is forecast at a record high 4.59 billion bushels, down slightly from the previous forecast but up 10 percent from 2023. Based on conditions as of September 1, yields are expected to average a record high 53.2 bushels per acre, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 2.6 bushels from 2023. Area harvested for beans in the United States is forecast at 86.3 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 5 percent from 2023. All cotton production is forecast at 14.5 million 480-pound bales, down 4 percent from the previous forecast but up 20 percent from 2023. Based on conditions as of September 1, yields are expected to average 807 pounds per harvested acre, down 33 pounds from the previous forecast and down 92 pounds from 2023. Upland cotton production is forecast at 14.0 million 480-pound bales, down 4 percent from the previous forecast but up 19 percent from 2023. Pima cotton production is forecast at 547,000 bales, down 1 percent from the previous forecast but up 73 percent from 2023. All cotton area harvested is forecast at 8.63 million acres, up slightly from the previous forecast and up 34 percent from 2023. All cotton planted area totaled 11.2 million acres, up slightly from the previous forecast and up 9 percent from 2023. California Navel orange production for the 2024-2025 season is forecast at 39.0 million boxes (1.56 million tons), up 2 percent from last season. The initial forecast is based on an objective measurement survey conducted in California's Central Valley from mid-June to the beginning of September. The objective measurement survey indicated that fruit set was up 24 percent from last year but the average fruit size was down 5 percent from last year. Harvest is expected to begin in October. This report was approved on September 12, 2024. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Seth Meyer Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2023 and 2024.......... 5 Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 6 Corn Production - United States Chart......................................................................... 7 Sorghum Area Planted for All Purpose and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2023 and 2024........ 7 Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 7 Rice Area Planted and Harvested by Class - States and United States: 2023 and 2024............................ 8 Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024.. 9 Rice Production by Class - United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................... 9 Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024....................... 10 Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 11 Soybean Production - United States Chart...................................................................... 12 Peanut Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024................................... 13 Peanut Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 13 Cotton Area Planted and Harvested by Type - States and United States: 2023 and 2024........................... 14 Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 15 Cottonseed Production - United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024.................................. 16 Cotton Production - United States Chart....................................................................... 16 Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024................................ 17 Sugarbeet for Sugar Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 17 Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024.................................................................................. 18 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 18 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024.................................................................................. 19 Lentil Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024................................... 20 Lentil Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 20 Dry Edible Pea Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024........................... 21 Dry Edible Pea Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 21 Chickpea Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024................................. 22 Chickpea Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 23 Utilized Production of Walnuts - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024.............. 24 Utilized Production of Oranges by Type - States and United States: 2023-2024 and Forecasted September 1, 2024............................................................................................. 24 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024....... 25 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024......... 27 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024................................... 29 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024..................................... 30 Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre - Selected States: 2020-2024......................................... 31 Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre - Selected States: 2020-2024........................................... 32 Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet - Selected States: 2020-2024....................................... 33 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map........................................................................... 34 Departure from Normal Temperature Map......................................................................... 34 August Weather Summary........................................................................................ 35 August Agricultural Summary................................................................................... 35 Crop Comments................................................................................................. 37 Statistical Methodology....................................................................................... 42 Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts.......................................................... 43 Information Contacts.......................................................................................... 44 Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted for all purposes : Area harvested for grain State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Alabama ............: 330 280 320 270 Arizona ............: 105 70 38 18 Arkansas ...........: 850 500 830 485 California .........: 400 440 40 65 Colorado ...........: 1,330 1,460 1,015 1,175 Connecticut 2/ .....: 24 24 (NA) (NA) Delaware ...........: 175 165 172 162 Florida ............: 90 85 62 48 Georgia ............: 485 375 440 340 Idaho ..............: 360 380 115 125 : Illinois ...........: 11,200 10,800 11,050 10,650 Indiana ............: 5,450 5,200 5,310 5,060 Iowa ...............: 13,100 12,900 12,550 12,350 Kansas .............: 5,750 6,300 5,150 5,800 Kentucky ...........: 1,600 1,370 1,500 1,280 Louisiana ..........: 700 470 680 445 Maine 2/ ...........: 28 30 (NA) (NA) Maryland ...........: 480 440 440 405 Massachusetts 2/ ...: 14 14 (NA) (NA) Michigan ...........: 2,400 2,250 2,060 1,900 : Minnesota ..........: 8,600 8,200 8,180 7,650 Mississippi ........: 790 490 770 475 Missouri ...........: 3,850 3,450 3,670 3,260 Montana ............: 135 135 68 72 Nebraska ...........: 9,950 10,100 9,500 9,700 Nevada 2/ ..........: 13 20 (NA) (NA) New Hampshire 2/ ...: 13 12 (NA) (NA) New Jersey .........: 74 71 65 67 New Mexico .........: 125 105 47 36 New York ...........: 1,040 1,010 600 570 : North Carolina .....: 950 890 900 840 North Dakota .......: 4,050 3,950 3,800 3,640 Ohio ...............: 3,600 3,400 3,400 3,170 Oklahoma ...........: 390 450 340 390 Oregon .............: 95 95 55 57 Pennsylvania .......: 1,040 990 680 675 Rhode Island 2/ ....: 2 2 (NA) (NA) South Carolina .....: 365 345 350 325 South Dakota .......: 6,300 5,900 5,620 5,260 Tennessee ..........: 940 700 890 660 : Texas ..............: 2,500 2,200 2,100 1,780 Utah ...............: 75 75 27 34 Vermont 2/ .........: 89 94 (NA) (NA) Virginia ...........: 495 460 375 350 Washington .........: 160 170 75 89 West Virginia ......: 44 41 32 31 Wisconsin ..........: 4,000 3,750 3,140 2,940 Wyoming ............: 85 90 57 61 : United States ......: 94,641 90,748 86,513 82,710 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Area harvested for grain not estimated. Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-----------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 :September 1: : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---------- bushels ---------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Alabama .........: 320 270 164.0 117.0 108.0 52,480 29,160 Arkansas ........: 830 485 183.0 186.0 186.0 151,890 90,210 Colorado ........: 1,015 1,175 122.0 128.0 123.0 123,830 144,525 Delaware ........: 172 162 189.0 153.0 168.0 32,508 27,216 Georgia .........: 440 340 174.0 149.0 146.0 76,560 49,640 Idaho ...........: 115 125 203.0 220.0 215.0 23,345 26,875 Illinois ........: 11,050 10,650 206.0 225.0 222.0 2,276,300 2,364,300 Indiana .........: 5,310 5,060 203.0 207.0 210.0 1,077,930 1,062,600 Iowa ............: 12,550 12,350 201.0 209.0 212.0 2,522,550 2,618,200 Kansas ..........: 5,150 5,800 119.0 128.0 131.0 612,850 759,800 : Kentucky ........: 1,500 1,280 187.0 187.0 187.0 280,500 239,360 Louisiana .......: 680 445 175.0 185.0 191.0 119,000 84,995 Maryland ........: 440 405 165.0 137.0 137.0 72,600 55,485 Michigan ........: 2,060 1,900 168.0 177.0 182.0 346,080 345,800 Minnesota .......: 8,180 7,650 185.0 185.0 183.0 1,513,300 1,399,950 Mississippi .....: 770 475 181.0 186.0 190.0 139,370 90,250 Missouri ........: 3,670 3,260 153.0 181.0 181.0 561,510 590,060 Nebraska ........: 9,500 9,700 182.0 194.0 195.0 1,729,000 1,891,500 New York ........: 600 570 159.0 165.0 168.0 95,400 95,760 North Carolina ..: 900 840 147.0 100.0 88.0 132,300 73,920 : North Dakota ....: 3,800 3,640 143.0 144.0 146.0 543,400 531,440 Ohio ............: 3,400 3,170 198.0 188.0 187.0 673,200 592,790 Oklahoma ........: 340 390 149.0 142.0 139.0 50,660 54,210 Pennsylvania ....: 680 675 157.0 135.0 139.0 106,760 93,825 South Carolina ..: 350 325 150.0 95.0 90.0 52,500 29,250 South Dakota ....: 5,620 5,260 152.0 162.0 163.0 854,240 857,380 Tennessee .......: 890 660 173.0 160.0 153.0 153,970 100,980 Texas ...........: 2,100 1,780 122.0 117.0 121.0 256,200 215,380 Virginia ........: 375 350 157.0 100.0 100.0 58,875 35,000 Washington ......: 75 89 240.0 250.0 240.0 18,000 21,360 Wisconsin .......: 3,140 2,940 176.0 183.0 182.0 552,640 535,080 : Other States 1/ .: 491 489 166.7 160.5 162.0 81,847 79,209 : United States ...: 86,513 82,710 177.3 183.1 183.6 15,341,595 15,185,510 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Arizona, California, Florida, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2024 Summary." Sorghum Area Planted for All Purpose and Harvested for Grain - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Colorado .........: 510 520 460 430 Kansas ...........: 3,600 3,000 3,250 2,700 Nebraska .........: 340 290 225 230 Oklahoma .........: 410 370 350 285 South Dakota .....: 335 420 280 280 Texas ............: 2,000 1,700 1,550 1,350 : United States ....: 7,195 6,300 6,115 5,275 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Forecasted. Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-----------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 :September 1: : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres --------- bushels --------- 1,000 bushels : Colorado ...........: 460 430 32.0 30.0 30.0 14,720 12,900 Kansas .............: 3,250 2,700 52.0 50.0 61.0 169,000 164,700 Nebraska ...........: 225 230 73.0 71.0 73.0 16,425 16,790 Oklahoma ...........: 350 285 47.0 42.0 43.0 16,450 12,255 South Dakota .......: 280 280 90.0 82.0 85.0 25,200 23,800 Texas ..............: 1,550 1,350 49.0 59.0 53.0 75,950 71,550 : United States ......: 6,115 5,275 52.0 52.9 57.3 317,745 301,995 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rice Area Planted and Harvested by Class - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Class and State :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Long grain : Arkansas .........: 1,220 1,330 1,215 1,320 California .......: 10 8 10 8 Louisiana ........: 390 425 387 420 Mississippi ......: 121 155 120 154 Missouri .........: 197 215 193 210 Texas ............: 125 145 120 140 : United States ....: 2,063 2,278 2,045 2,252 : Medium grain : Arkansas .........: 215 120 201 110 California .......: 490 460 487 457 Louisiana ........: 78 50 75 46 Mississippi ......: - 2 - 2 Missouri .........: 8 5 7 4 Texas ............: 24 4 23 4 : United States ....: 815 641 793 623 : Short grain 2/ : Arkansas .........: 1 1 1 1 California .......: 15 20 15 20 : United States ....: 16 21 16 21 : All : Arkansas .........: 1,436 1,451 1,417 1,431 California .......: 515 488 512 485 Louisiana ........: 468 475 462 466 Mississippi ......: 121 157 120 156 Missouri .........: 205 220 200 214 Texas ............: 149 149 143 144 : United States ....: 2,894 2,940 2,854 2,896 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Includes sweet rice. Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-------------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 :September 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------------ pounds ----------- ---- 1,000 cwt --- : Arkansas .....: 1,417 1,431 7,550 7,600 7,600 106,968 108,756 California ...: 512 485 8,590 8,800 8,800 43,971 42,680 Louisiana ....: 462 466 6,800 6,650 6,650 31,431 30,989 Mississippi ..: 120 156 7,470 7,500 7,500 8,964 11,700 Missouri .....: 200 214 7,990 7,400 7,600 15,985 16,264 Texas ........: 143 144 7,670 7,500 6,500 10,972 9,360 : United States : 2,854 2,896 7,649 7,623 7,588 218,291 219,749 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes sweet rice production. Rice Production by Class - United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : Year : Long grain : Medium grain : Short grain 1/ : All : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 cwt : 2023 .......: 153,871 63,217 1,203 218,291 2024 2/ ....: 166,760 51,466 1,523 219,749 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Sweet rice production included with short grain. 2/ The 2024 rice production by class forecasts are based on class harvested acreage estimates and the 5-year average class yield compared to the all rice yield. Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Alabama ..........: 350 360 345 355 Arkansas .........: 2,980 3,050 2,950 3,020 Delaware .........: 150 155 148 153 Georgia ..........: 160 170 155 165 Illinois .........: 10,350 10,800 10,300 10,750 Indiana ..........: 5,500 5,800 5,480 5,780 Iowa .............: 9,950 10,050 9,880 9,970 Kansas ...........: 4,430 4,530 4,030 4,480 Kentucky .........: 1,830 2,050 1,820 2,040 Louisiana ........: 1,030 1,100 980 1,060 : Maryland .........: 470 495 460 485 Michigan .........: 2,040 2,190 2,030 2,180 Minnesota ........: 7,350 7,400 7,280 7,330 Mississippi ......: 2,180 2,300 2,130 2,270 Missouri .........: 5,600 5,900 5,520 5,830 Nebraska .........: 5,250 5,300 5,180 5,250 New Jersey .......: 100 105 98 103 New York .........: 350 370 340 365 North Carolina ...: 1,640 1,630 1,630 1,620 North Dakota .....: 6,200 6,650 6,160 6,600 : Ohio .............: 4,750 5,050 4,730 5,030 Oklahoma .........: 460 505 410 455 Pennsylvania .....: 570 610 560 600 South Carolina ...: 395 390 385 380 South Dakota .....: 5,100 5,450 5,070 5,400 Tennessee ........: 1,600 1,830 1,570 1,800 Texas ............: 125 100 85 80 Virginia .........: 580 610 570 600 Wisconsin ........: 2,110 2,150 2,060 2,120 : United States ....: 83,600 87,100 82,356 86,271 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Forecasted. Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-----------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 :September 1: : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres --------- bushels --------- -- 1,000 bushels -- : Alabama .........: 345 355 43.0 37.0 33.0 14,835 11,715 Arkansas ........: 2,950 3,020 54.0 57.0 55.0 159,300 166,100 Delaware ........: 148 153 46.0 41.0 47.0 6,808 7,191 Georgia .........: 155 165 43.0 43.0 44.0 6,665 7,260 Illinois ........: 10,300 10,750 63.0 66.0 65.0 648,900 698,750 Indiana .........: 5,480 5,780 61.0 62.0 63.0 334,280 364,140 Iowa ............: 9,880 9,970 58.0 61.0 63.0 573,040 628,110 Kansas ..........: 4,030 4,480 26.0 38.0 39.0 104,780 174,720 Kentucky ........: 1,820 2,040 55.0 55.0 52.0 100,100 106,080 Louisiana .......: 980 1,060 40.0 49.0 52.0 39,200 55,120 : Maryland ........: 460 485 47.0 46.0 47.0 21,620 22,795 Michigan ........: 2,030 2,180 46.0 49.0 50.0 93,380 109,000 Minnesota .......: 7,280 7,330 48.0 49.0 49.0 349,440 359,170 Mississippi .....: 2,130 2,270 56.0 58.0 58.0 119,280 131,660 Missouri ........: 5,520 5,830 48.0 51.0 50.0 264,960 291,500 Nebraska ........: 5,180 5,250 51.5 59.0 59.0 266,770 309,750 New Jersey ......: 98 103 43.0 34.0 41.0 4,214 4,223 New York ........: 340 365 51.0 51.0 53.0 17,340 19,345 North Carolina ..: 1,630 1,620 38.5 36.0 36.0 62,755 58,320 North Dakota ....: 6,160 6,600 35.5 36.0 38.0 218,680 250,800 : Ohio ............: 4,730 5,030 58.0 59.0 55.0 274,340 276,650 Oklahoma ........: 410 455 26.0 30.0 26.0 10,660 11,830 Pennsylvania ....: 560 600 47.0 45.0 46.0 26,320 27,600 South Carolina ..: 385 380 39.0 38.0 37.0 15,015 14,060 South Dakota ....: 5,070 5,400 44.0 47.0 47.0 223,080 253,800 Tennessee .......: 1,570 1,800 51.0 49.0 46.0 80,070 82,800 Texas ...........: 85 80 25.0 38.0 39.0 2,125 3,120 Virginia ........: 570 600 38.0 43.0 43.0 21,660 25,800 Wisconsin .......: 2,060 2,120 51.0 53.0 54.0 105,060 114,480 : United States ...: 82,356 86,271 50.6 53.2 53.2 4,164,677 4,585,889 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Peanut Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Alabama ..........: 175.0 190.0 171.0 186.0 Arkansas .........: 35.0 45.0 34.0 44.0 Florida ..........: 160.0 170.0 152.0 161.0 Georgia ..........: 775.0 850.0 770.0 845.0 Mississippi ......: 18.0 26.0 16.0 25.0 Missouri 2/ ......: (NA) 23.0 (NA) 22.0 New Mexico 3/ ....: 11.0 (NA) 10.0 (NA) North Carolina ...: 124.0 130.0 123.0 129.0 Oklahoma .........: 16.0 18.0 15.0 17.0 South Carolina ...: 77.0 83.0 74.0 80.0 Texas ............: 225.0 240.0 180.0 210.0 Virginia .........: 29.0 30.0 29.0 30.0 : United States ....: 1,645.0 1,805.0 1,574.0 1,749.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Estimates began in 2024. 3/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Peanut Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-----------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 :September 1: : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 acres -- ----------- pounds ---------- --- 1,000 pounds --- : Alabama ..........: 171.0 186.0 2,810 3,300 3,100 480,510 576,600 Arkansas .........: 34.0 44.0 5,800 5,300 5,300 197,200 233,200 Florida ..........: 152.0 161.0 3,320 3,700 3,900 504,640 627,900 Georgia ..........: 770.0 845.0 4,070 4,100 4,100 3,133,900 3,464,500 Mississippi ......: 16.0 25.0 3,600 3,800 3,800 57,600 95,000 Missouri 1/ ......: (NA) 22.0 (NA) 5,000 5,000 (NA) 110,000 New Mexico 2/ ....: 10.0 (NA) 2,100 (NA) (NA) 21,000 (NA) North Carolina ...: 123.0 129.0 4,300 4,400 4,100 528,900 528,900 Oklahoma .........: 15.0 17.0 3,900 4,100 4,100 58,500 69,700 South Carolina ...: 74.0 80.0 4,050 4,000 4,000 299,700 320,000 Texas ............: 180.0 210.0 2,600 2,800 2,600 468,000 546,000 Virginia .........: 29.0 30.0 4,830 4,700 4,600 140,070 138,000 : United States ....: 1,574.0 1,749.0 3,742 3,890 3,836 5,890,020 6,709,800 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates began in 2024. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Cotton Area Planted and Harvested by Type - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Upland : Alabama ..........: 380.0 400.0 374.0 395.0 Arizona ..........: 76.0 96.0 75.0 95.0 Arkansas .........: 510.0 650.0 505.0 640.0 California .......: 13.0 22.0 12.8 21.6 Florida ..........: 89.0 86.0 87.0 84.0 Georgia ..........: 1,110.0 1,100.0 1,100.0 1,090.0 Kansas ...........: 112.0 130.0 94.0 120.0 Louisiana ........: 120.0 155.0 115.0 150.0 Mississippi ......: 400.0 520.0 395.0 515.0 Missouri .........: 335.0 400.0 330.0 380.0 : New Mexico .......: 32.0 40.0 17.0 27.0 North Carolina ...: 380.0 410.0 370.0 400.0 Oklahoma .........: 420.0 435.0 180.0 315.0 South Carolina ...: 210.0 225.0 207.0 220.0 Tennessee ........: 265.0 265.0 260.0 250.0 Texas ............: 5,550.0 5,950.0 2,100.0 3,650.0 Virginia .........: 81.0 91.0 80.0 90.0 : United States ....: 10,083.0 10,975.0 6,301.8 8,442.6 : American Pima : Arizona ..........: 16.0 14.0 16.0 14.0 California .......: 85.0 137.0 82.0 135.0 New Mexico .......: 17.0 15.0 16.8 14.0 Texas ............: 29.0 33.0 23.0 29.0 : United States ....: 147.0 199.0 137.8 192.0 : All : Alabama ..........: 380.0 400.0 374.0 395.0 Arizona ..........: 92.0 110.0 91.0 109.0 Arkansas .........: 510.0 650.0 505.0 640.0 California .......: 98.0 159.0 94.8 156.6 Florida ..........: 89.0 86.0 87.0 84.0 Georgia ..........: 1,110.0 1,100.0 1,100.0 1,090.0 Kansas ...........: 112.0 130.0 94.0 120.0 Louisiana ........: 120.0 155.0 115.0 150.0 Mississippi ......: 400.0 520.0 395.0 515.0 Missouri .........: 335.0 400.0 330.0 380.0 : New Mexico .......: 49.0 55.0 33.8 41.0 North Carolina ...: 380.0 410.0 370.0 400.0 Oklahoma .........: 420.0 435.0 180.0 315.0 South Carolina ...: 210.0 225.0 207.0 220.0 Tennessee ........: 265.0 265.0 260.0 250.0 Texas ............: 5,579.0 5,983.0 2,123.0 3,679.0 Virginia .........: 81.0 91.0 80.0 90.0 : United States ....: 10,230.0 11,174.0 6,439.6 8,634.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Forecasted. Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production 1/ :-------------------------------------------------------------------------- Type and State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-----------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 :September 1: : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 acres -- ---------- pounds ---------- 1,000 bales 2/ : Upland : Alabama .........: 374.0 395.0 937 881 869 730.0 715.0 Arizona .........: 75.0 95.0 1,331 1,557 1,314 208.0 260.0 Arkansas ........: 505.0 640.0 1,295 1,238 1,238 1,362.0 1,650.0 California ......: 12.8 21.6 2,025 2,000 2,000 54.0 90.0 Florida .........: 87.0 84.0 612 657 657 111.0 115.0 Georgia .........: 1,100.0 1,090.0 949 947 903 2,175.0 2,050.0 Kansas ..........: 94.0 120.0 761 760 720 149.0 180.0 Louisiana .......: 115.0 150.0 872 1,008 1,056 209.0 330.0 Mississippi .....: 395.0 515.0 1,083 1,118 1,118 891.0 1,200.0 Missouri ........: 330.0 380.0 1,361 1,213 1,238 936.0 980.0 : New Mexico ......: 17.0 27.0 649 889 889 23.0 50.0 North Carolina ..: 370.0 400.0 933 912 906 719.0 755.0 Oklahoma ........: 180.0 315.0 560 655 533 210.0 350.0 South Carolina ..: 207.0 220.0 937 829 829 404.0 380.0 Tennessee .......: 260.0 250.0 1,250 1,056 1,114 677.0 580.0 Texas ...........: 2,100.0 3,650.0 618 592 539 2,705.0 4,100.0 Virginia ........: 80.0 90.0 1,122 987 960 187.0 180.0 : United States ...: 6,301.8 8,442.6 895 828 794 11,750.0 13,965.0 : American Pima : Arizona .........: 16.0 14.0 900 891 891 30.0 26.0 California ......: 82.0 135.0 1,346 1,582 1,582 230.0 445.0 New Mexico ......: 16.8 14.0 800 754 686 28.0 20.0 Texas ...........: 23.0 29.0 584 993 927 28.0 56.0 : United States ...: 137.8 192.0 1,101 1,383 1,368 316.0 547.0 : All : Alabama .........: 374.0 395.0 937 881 869 730.0 715.0 Arizona .........: 91.0 109.0 1,255 1,471 1,259 238.0 286.0 Arkansas ........: 505.0 640.0 1,295 1,238 1,238 1,362.0 1,650.0 California ......: 94.8 156.6 1,438 1,640 1,640 284.0 535.0 Florida .........: 87.0 84.0 612 657 657 111.0 115.0 Georgia .........: 1,100.0 1,090.0 949 947 903 2,175.0 2,050.0 Kansas ..........: 94.0 120.0 761 760 720 149.0 180.0 Louisiana .......: 115.0 150.0 872 1,008 1,056 209.0 330.0 Mississippi .....: 395.0 515.0 1,083 1,118 1,118 891.0 1,200.0 Missouri ........: 330.0 380.0 1,361 1,213 1,238 936.0 980.0 : New Mexico ......: 33.8 41.0 724 843 820 51.0 70.0 North Carolina ..: 370.0 400.0 933 912 906 719.0 755.0 Oklahoma ........: 180.0 315.0 560 655 533 210.0 350.0 South Carolina ..: 207.0 220.0 937 829 829 404.0 380.0 Tennessee .......: 260.0 250.0 1,250 1,056 1,114 677.0 580.0 Texas ...........: 2,123.0 3,679.0 618 595 542 2,733.0 4,156.0 Virginia ........: 80.0 90.0 1,122 987 960 187.0 180.0 : United States ...: 6,439.6 8,634.6 899 840 807 12,066.0 14,512.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ 480-pound net weight bale. Cottonseed Production - United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 tons : United States ...: 3,644.0 4,425.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio. Sugarbeet Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : California .......: 23.0 23.0 22.6 22.6 Colorado .........: 23.2 24.7 21.3 23.5 Idaho ............: 175.0 174.0 174.0 169.0 Michigan .........: 133.0 135.0 132.0 134.0 Minnesota ........: 442.0 412.0 438.0 401.0 Montana ..........: 23.7 24.5 23.3 24.0 Nebraska .........: 46.7 47.3 46.6 46.7 North Dakota .....: 229.0 216.0 228.0 211.0 Oregon ...........: 10.8 10.5 10.7 10.4 Washington .......: 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.9 Wyoming ..........: 29.0 32.0 28.8 31.0 : United States ....: 1,137.4 1,100.9 1,127.3 1,075.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Forecasted. Sugarbeet for Sugar Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 [Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :---------------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 : September 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 acres -- ------------ tons ------------ --- 1,000 tons --- : California 1/ .: 22.6 22.6 48.8 48.8 48.8 1,103 1,103 Colorado ......: 21.3 23.5 28.3 31.6 32.7 603 768 Idaho .........: 174.0 169.0 40.0 39.2 39.3 6,960 6,642 Michigan ......: 132.0 134.0 33.9 36.5 36.5 4,475 4,891 Minnesota .....: 438.0 401.0 28.7 30.0 29.9 12,571 11,990 Montana .......: 23.3 24.0 31.6 30.5 32.3 736 775 Nebraska ......: 46.6 46.7 28.6 30.2 31.5 1,333 1,471 North Dakota ..: 228.0 211.0 26.8 30.4 29.9 6,110 6,309 Oregon ........: 10.7 10.4 36.4 38.5 37.3 389 388 Washington ....: 2.0 1.9 49.7 48.4 48.8 99 93 Wyoming .......: 28.8 31.0 29.4 30.1 30.9 847 958 : United States .: 1,127.3 1,075.1 31.2 32.9 32.9 35,226 35,388 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Relates to year of planting for overwintered beets in southern California. Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre 1/ : Production 1/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :---------------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 : September 1 : : ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------------- tons ------------ --- 1,000 tons --- : Florida .......: 407.6 404.0 44.6 45.6 46.1 18,187 18,624 Louisiana .....: 505.5 520.0 30.1 30.4 32.1 15,208 16,692 Texas 2/ ......: 16.5 (NA) 22.5 (NA) (NA) 371 (NA) : United States .: 929.6 924.0 36.3 37.0 38.2 33,766 35,316 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Net tons. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :-------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :-----------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 :September 1: : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- acres ----- ---------- pounds ---------- -- 1,000 pounds -- : Georgia 1/ ........: 6,300 (NA) 2,150 (NA) (NA) 13,545 (NA) Kentucky ..........: 36,800 32,800 2,327 2,112 2,205 85,645 72,310 North Carolina ....: 113,120 118,000 2,299 2,200 2,000 260,098 236,000 Pennsylvania 1/ ...: 3,140 (NA) 2,494 (NA) (NA) 7,830 (NA) South Carolina 1/ .: 5,900 (NA) 1,950 (NA) (NA) 11,505 (NA) Tennessee .........: 9,300 8,300 2,495 2,276 2,176 23,205 18,060 Virginia ..........: 13,070 13,100 2,343 2,200 1,900 30,624 24,890 : United States .....: 187,630 172,200 2,305 2,187 2,040 432,452 351,260 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class, type, and State : : : : 2024 : : : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 :---------------------------: 2023 : 2024 : : : : August 1 : September 1 : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ acres ----- ------------ pounds ------------ -- 1,000 pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia 1/ .............................: 6,300 (NA) 2,150 (NA) (NA) 13,545 (NA) North Carolina .........................: 113,000 118,000 2,300 2,200 2,000 259,900 236,000 South Carolina 1/ ......................: 5,900 (NA) 1,950 (NA) (NA) 11,505 (NA) Virginia ...............................: 12,800 13,100 2,350 2,200 1,900 30,080 24,890 : United States ..........................: 138,000 131,100 2,283 2,200 1,990 315,030 260,890 : Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) : Kentucky ...............................: 6,300 4,700 3,150 2,800 2,900 19,845 13,630 Tennessee ..............................: 5,100 3,700 3,050 2,900 2,800 15,555 10,360 Virginia 1/ ............................: 100 (NA) 1,950 (NA) (NA) 195 (NA) : United States ..........................: 11,500 8,400 3,095 2,845 2,856 35,595 23,990 : Class 3A, Light air-cured : Type 31, Burley : Kentucky .............................: 27,000 25,000 2,100 1,900 2,000 56,700 50,000 North Carolina 1/ ....................: 120 (NA) 1,650 (NA) (NA) 198 (NA) Pennsylvania 1/ ......................: 1,100 (NA) 2,500 (NA) (NA) 2,750 (NA) Tennessee ............................: 3,000 3,600 1,550 1,600 1,500 4,650 5,400 Virginia 1/ ..........................: 170 (NA) 2,050 (NA) (NA) 349 (NA) : United States ........................: 31,390 28,600 2,059 1,862 1,937 64,647 55,400 : Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt 1/ : Pennsylvania .........................: 40 (NA) 2,000 (NA) (NA) 80 (NA) : United States ........................: 40 (NA) 2,000 (NA) (NA) 80 (NA) : Total light air-cured (31-32) ....... : 31,430 28,600 2,059 1,862 1,937 64,727 55,400 : Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) : Kentucky ...............................: 3,500 3,100 2,600 2,800 2,800 9,100 8,680 Tennessee ..............................: 1,200 1,000 2,500 2,400 2,300 3,000 2,300 : United States ..........................: 4,700 4,100 2,574 2,702 2,678 12,100 10,980 : Class 4, Cigar filler 1/ : Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf : Pennsylvania .........................: 2,000 (NA) 2,500 (NA) (NA) 5,000 (NA) : United States ........................: 2,000 (NA) 2,500 (NA) (NA) 5,000 (NA) : All tobacco : United States ..........................: 187,630 172,200 2,305 2,187 2,040 432,452 351,260 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Lentil Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Idaho 2/ .....: 18.0 (NA) 17.0 (NA) Montana ......: 390.0 720.0 373.0 690.0 North Dakota .: 93.0 165.0 89.0 160.0 Washington ...: 45.0 51.0 44.0 50.0 : United States : 546.0 936.0 523.0 900.0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Lentil Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 acres ----- ------- pounds ------- ------ 1,000 cwt ----- : Idaho 1/ .....: 17.0 (NA) 1,090 (NA) 185 (NA) Montana ......: 373.0 690.0 1,090 1,020 4,066 7,038 North Dakota .: 89.0 160.0 1,230 1,250 1,095 2,000 Washington ...: 44.0 50.0 900 1,000 396 500 : United States : 523.0 900.0 1,098 1,060 5,742 9,538 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Dry Edible Pea Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published. For 2023, includes wrinkled seed peas and Austrian Winter peas. For 2024, excludes wrinkled seed peas and Austrian Winter peas] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested State :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Idaho ..........: 19.0 11.0 18.0 10.0 Montana ........: 580.0 590.0 570.0 565.0 Nebraska .......: 21.0 27.0 19.0 24.0 North Dakota ...: 270.0 310.0 261.0 300.0 South Dakota 2/ : 14.0 (NA) 12.0 (NA) Washington .....: 62.0 50.0 61.0 48.0 : United States ..: 966.0 988.0 941.0 947.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Dry Edible Pea Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 [For 2023, includes wrinkled seed peas and Austrian Winter peas. For 2024, excludes wrinkled seed peas and Austrian Winter peas] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 acres ----- ------- pounds ------- ------ 1,000 cwt ------ : Idaho ..........: 18.0 10.0 1,610 2,100 290 210 Montana ........: 570.0 565.0 1,740 1,890 9,918 10,679 Nebraska .......: 19.0 24.0 2,150 1,960 409 470 North Dakota ...: 261.0 300.0 2,300 2,470 6,003 7,410 South Dakota 1/ : 12.0 (NA) 2,100 (NA) 252 (NA) Washington .....: 61.0 48.0 1,990 1,060 1,214 509 : United States ..: 941.0 947.0 1,922 2,036 18,086 19,278 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. Chickpea Area Planted and Harvested - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 [Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Size and State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Small chickpeas 2/ : California 3/ ...........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Idaho ...................: 23.0 37.0 22.6 36.5 Montana .................: 41.0 49.0 34.5 45.0 North Dakota ............: (D) 15.0 (D) 14.8 Washington ..............: 33.0 39.0 32.9 38.9 : Other States 4/ .........: 8.4 - 8.2 - : United States ...........: 105.4 140.0 98.2 135.2 : Large chickpeas 5/ : California 3/ ...........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Idaho ...................: 49.0 59.0 46.6 58.5 Montana .................: 133.0 172.0 130.0 171.0 North Dakota ............: (D) 30.0 (D) 29.7 Washington ..............: 67.0 103.0 66.5 102.5 : Other States 4/ .........: 18.0 - 17.9 - : United States ...........: 267.0 364.0 261.0 361.7 : All chickpeas : California 3/ ...........: 4.4 (NA) 4.4 (NA) Idaho ...................: 72.0 96.0 69.2 95.0 Montana .................: 174.0 221.0 164.5 216.0 North Dakota ............: 22.0 45.0 21.7 44.5 Washington ..............: 100.0 142.0 99.4 141.4 : United States ...........: 372.4 504.0 359.2 496.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Forecasted. 2/ Chickpeas 20/64 inches or smaller. 3/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. 4/ Includes data withheld above. 5/ Chickpeas larger than 20/64 inches. Chickpea Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production Size and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 acres ---- ------ pounds ------ ----- 1,000 cwt ---- : Small chickpeas 1/ : California 2/ ...........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Idaho ...................: 22.6 36.5 1,430 1,250 323 456 Montana .................: 34.5 45.0 1,200 1,100 414 495 North Dakota ............: (D) 14.8 (D) 2,000 (D) 296 Washington ..............: 32.9 38.9 1,470 1,450 484 564 : Other States 3/ .........: 8.2 - 2,220 (X) 182 - : United States ...........: 98.2 135.2 1,429 1,339 1,403 1,811 : Large chickpeas 4/ : California 2/ ...........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Idaho ...................: 46.6 58.5 1,310 1,260 610 737 Montana .................: 130.0 171.0 1,210 1,000 1,573 1,710 North Dakota ............: (D) 29.7 (D) 1,650 (D) 490 Washington ..............: 66.5 102.5 1,310 1,350 871 1,384 : Other States 3/ .........: 17.9 - 1,480 (X) 265 - : United States ...........: 261.0 361.7 1,272 1,195 3,319 4,321 : All chickpeas : California 2/ ...........: 4.4 (NA) 2,800 (NA) 123 (NA) Idaho ...................: 69.2 95.0 1,350 1,260 933 1,193 Montana .................: 164.5 216.0 1,210 1,020 1,987 2,205 North Dakota ............: 21.7 44.5 1,490 1,770 324 786 Washington ..............: 99.4 141.4 1,360 1,380 1,355 1,948 : United States ...........: 359.2 496.9 1,315 1,234 4,722 6,132 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Chickpeas 20/64 inches or smaller. 2/ Estimates discontinued in 2024. 3/ Includes data withheld above. 4/ Chickpeas larger than 20/64 inches. Utilized Production of Walnuts - States and United States: 2023 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production (in-shell basis) State :--------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : California ...................: 824,000 670,000 : United States ................: 824,000 670,000 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Oranges by Type - States and United States: 2023-2024 and Forecasted September 1, 2024 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ :Utilized production ton equivalent State and type :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023-2024 : 2024-2025 : 2023-2024 : 2024-2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 boxes ----- ------ 1,000 tons ----- Oranges : California, all ............: 47,500 1,900 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 38,200 39,000 1,528 1,560 Valencia ..................: 9,300 372 : Florida, all ...............: 17,960 808 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 6,760 304 Valencia ..................: 11,200 504 : Texas, all .................: 1,180 50 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 690 29 Valencia ..................: 490 21 : United States, all .........: 66,640 2,758 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 45,650 1,861 Valencia ..................: 20,990 897 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; 2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3,101 2,405 2,555 1,882 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 94,641 90,748 86,513 82,710 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,471 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 52,821 51,531 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) (NA) 15,634 15,627 All other ............................: (NA) (NA) 37,187 35,904 Oats ...................................: 2,555 2,348 831 900 Proso millet ...........................: 619 450 572 Rice ...................................: 2,894 2,940 2,854 2,896 Rye ....................................: 2,293 2,204 322 378 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 7,195 6,300 6,115 5,275 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 384 Wheat, all .............................: 49,575 46,270 37,272 37,940 Winter ...............................: 36,699 33,480 24,683 25,593 Durum ................................: 1,676 2,085 1,604 2,017 Other spring .........................: 11,200 10,705 10,985 10,330 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2,344.5 2,662.5 2,319.2 2,616.0 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 178 140 160 125 Mustard seed ...........................: 245.0 218.0 238.1 203.5 Peanuts ................................: 1,645.0 1,805.0 1,574.0 1,749.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 13.2 20.2 10.1 18.3 Safflower ..............................: 129.5 127.0 126.0 117.0 Soybeans for beans .....................: 83,600 87,100 82,356 86,271 Sunflower ..............................: 1,315.0 898.5 1,267.5 862.6 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 10,230.0 11,174.0 6,439.6 8,634.6 Upland ...............................: 10,083.0 10,975.0 6,301.8 8,442.6 American Pima ........................: 147.0 199.0 137.8 192.0 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,137.4 1,100.9 1,127.3 1,075.1 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) (NA) 929.6 924.0 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 187.6 172.2 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 372.4 504.0 359.2 496.9 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,180.0 1,532.0 1,156.9 1,488.5 Dry edible peas ........................: 966.0 988.0 941.0 947.0 Lentils ................................: 546.0 936.0 523.0 900.0 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 54.3 44.8 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 31.3 Potatoes ...............................: 965.0 941.0 960.2 934.2 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 12.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per acre : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- 1,000 -------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 72.4 79.1 185,036 148,805 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 177.3 183.6 15,341,595 15,185,510 Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.1 129,994 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.25 2.46 118,769 126,819 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.19 3.35 49,916 52,369 All other ........................tons: 1.85 2.07 68,853 74,450 Oats ............................bushels: 68.6 75.1 57,045 67,600 Proso millet ....................bushels: 34.2 19,572 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,649 7,588 218,291 219,749 Rye .............................bushels: 32.2 10,375 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 52.0 57.3 317,745 301,995 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 13.0 4,981 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 48.6 52.2 1,811,977 1,981,600 Winter ........................bushels: 50.6 53.2 1,247,748 1,360,922 Durum .........................bushels: 37.0 38.1 59,329 76,868 Other spring ..................bushels: 46.0 52.6 504,900 543,810 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,793 4,157,420 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) (X) 3,644.0 4,425.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 18.5 2,961 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 627 149,305 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,742 3,836 5,890,020 6,709,800 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 2,003 20,230 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,036 130,570 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 50.6 53.2 4,164,677 4,585,889 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,786 2,263,520 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 899 807 12,066.0 14,512.0 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 895 794 11,750.0 13,965.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,101 1,368 316.0 547.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 31.2 32.9 35,226 35,388 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 36.3 38.2 33,766 35,316 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 2,305 2,040 432,452 351,260 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas 2/ ........................cwt: 1,315 1,234 4,722 6,132 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 2,067 2,056 23,910 30,600 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 1,922 2,036 18,086 19,278 Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 1,098 1,060 5,742 9,538 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,915 1,963 104,042.5 87,996.0 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 4,843 5,860 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) (NA) 724,608 658,739 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 90 2,811 Potatoes ............................cwt: 459 440,750 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 126 1,541 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,254,940 973,280 1,033,980 761,630 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 38,300,270 36,724,810 35,010,950 33,471,910 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,618,750 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 21,376,130 20,854,080 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) (NA) 6,326,920 6,324,090 All other ....................: (NA) (NA) 15,049,210 14,529,990 Oats ...........................: 1,033,980 950,210 336,300 364,220 Proso millet ...................: 250,500 182,110 231,480 Rice ...........................: 1,171,170 1,189,790 1,154,990 1,171,980 Rye ............................: 927,950 891,940 130,310 152,970 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,911,740 2,549,550 2,474,680 2,134,740 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 155,400 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 20,062,510 18,725,010 15,083,610 15,353,940 Winter .......................: 14,851,720 13,549,020 9,988,960 10,357,230 Durum ........................: 678,260 843,780 649,120 816,260 Other spring .................: 4,532,530 4,332,210 4,445,520 4,180,450 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 948,800 1,077,490 938,560 1,058,670 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 72,030 56,660 64,750 50,590 Mustard seed ...................: 99,150 88,220 96,360 82,350 Peanuts ........................: 665,720 730,470 636,980 707,800 Rapeseed .......................: 5,340 8,170 4,090 7,410 Safflower ......................: 52,410 51,400 50,990 47,350 Soybeans for beans .............: 33,832,080 35,248,500 33,328,650 34,913,010 Sunflower ......................: 532,170 363,610 512,940 349,090 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 4,139,980 4,522,010 2,606,040 3,494,340 Upland .......................: 4,080,490 4,441,470 2,550,280 3,416,640 American Pima ................: 59,490 80,530 55,770 77,700 Sugarbeets .....................: 460,290 445,520 456,210 435,080 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) (NA) 376,200 373,930 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 75,930 69,690 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ......................: 150,710 203,960 145,360 201,090 Dry edible beans ...............: 477,530 619,990 468,190 602,380 Dry edible peas ................: 390,930 399,830 380,810 383,240 Lentils ........................: 220,960 378,790 211,650 364,220 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 21,980 18,030 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 12,670 Potatoes .......................: 390,530 380,810 388,580 378,060 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 4,940 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3.90 4.25 4,028,680 3,239,850 Corn for grain .........................: 11.13 11.52 389,694,460 385,729,720 Corn for silage ........................: 45.03 117,928,570 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.04 5.52 107,745,420 115,048,260 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.16 7.51 45,283,030 47,508,360 All other ............................: 4.15 4.65 62,462,390 67,539,900 Oats ...................................: 2.46 2.69 828,010 981,210 Proso millet ...........................: 1.92 443,890 Rice ...................................: 8.57 8.50 9,901,510 9,967,650 Rye ....................................: 2.02 263,540 Sorghum for grain ......................: 3.26 3.59 8,071,090 7,671,030 Sorghum for silage .....................: 29.08 4,518,690 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.27 3.51 49,313,930 53,930,310 Winter ...............................: 3.40 3.58 33,958,140 37,038,230 Durum ................................: 2.49 2.56 1,614,670 2,092,000 Other spring .........................: 3.09 3.54 13,741,130 14,800,080 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2.01 1,885,770 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) 3,305,780 4,014,290 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.16 75,210 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.70 67,720 Peanuts ................................: 4.19 4.30 2,671,670 3,043,510 Rapeseed ...............................: 2.25 9,180 Safflower ..............................: 1.16 59,230 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.40 3.57 113,343,930 124,807,450 Sunflower ..............................: 2.00 1,026,720 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 1.01 0.90 2,627,060 3,159,620 Upland ...............................: 1.00 0.89 2,558,260 3,040,520 American Pima ........................: 1.23 1.53 68,800 119,100 Sugarbeets .............................: 70.05 73.79 31,956,490 32,103,450 Sugarcane ..............................: 81.42 85.68 30,632,000 32,038,140 Tobacco ................................: 2.58 2.29 196,160 159,330 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 1.47 1.38 214,190 278,140 Dry edible beans .......................: 2.32 2.30 1,084,540 1,387,990 Dry edible peas ........................: 2.15 2.28 820,370 874,440 Lentils ................................: 1.23 1.19 260,450 432,640 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.15 2.20 47,190 39,910 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 24,220 29,300 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) 328,680 298,800 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.10 1,280 Potatoes ...............................: 51.45 19,992,090 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.14 700 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2023 and 2024 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2023-2024 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 347 344 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 1,088 1,022 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 2,544 2,758 Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 963 1,117 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ..........million pounds: 11,357.5 11,110.0 Apricots ..............................tons: 35,820 36,000 Avocados ..............................tons: 128,850 Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: 648,000 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: 87,600 Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 354,300 355,000 Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 200.2 222.0 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: 23,310 Cranberries .........................barrel: 8,110,000 8,240,000 : Dates .................................tons: 49,050 Grapes ................................tons: 5,909,500 6,365,000 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 27,400 Nectarines (California) ...............tons: 145,500 Olives (California) ...................tons: 121,500 Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 10,250 Peaches ...............................tons: 588,540 719,000 Pears .................................tons: 665,500 520,000 Plums (California) ....................tons: 89,600 Prunes (California) ...................tons: 287,400 Raspberries ...................1,000 pounds: 138,100 Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 27,560.0 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 2,470,000 2,800,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 94,200 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 36,800 Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 306,750 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 1,490,000 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 824,000 670,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2022-2023 and 2023-2024. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2023 and 2024 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2024 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2023-2024 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 314,790 312,070 Lemons ....................................: 987,020 927,140 Oranges ...................................: 2,307,880 2,502,020 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 873,620 1,013,330 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ........................: 5,151,680 5,039,410 Apricots ..................................: 32,500 32,660 Avocados ..................................: 116,890 Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: 293,930 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: 39,730 Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 321,420 322,050 Cherries, Tart ............................: 90,810 100,700 Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: 10,570 Cranberries ...............................: 367,860 373,760 : Dates .....................................: 44,500 Grapes ....................................: 5,361,010 5,774,230 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 24,860 Nectarines (California) ...................: 132,000 Olives (California) .......................: 110,220 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 4,650 Peaches ...................................: 533,910 652,270 Pears .....................................: 603,730 471,740 Plums (California) ........................: 81,280 Prunes (California) .......................: 260,720 Raspberries ...............................: 62,640 Strawberries ..............................: 1,250,100 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 1,120,370 1,270,060 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 85,460 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 16,690 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 139,140 Pistachios (California) ...................: 675,850 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 747,520 607,810 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2022-2023 and 2023-2024. Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn-producing States during 2024. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey. Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre - Selected States: 2020-2024 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : :: State : : : : : and month : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 :: and month : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number :: : number : :: : Illinois : :: Nebraska : September .....: 30,600 31,550 32,050 32,550 31,850 :: All corn : October .......: 30,400 31,550 32,500 32,450 :: September ....: 27,450 26,750 26,450 26,600 25,950 November ......: 30,400 31,500 32,450 32,400 :: October ......: 27,450 26,650 26,250 26,700 Final .........: 30,400 31,500 32,450 32,400 :: November .....: 27,400 26,650 26,200 26,650 : :: Final ........: 27,400 26,650 26,200 26,650 Indiana : :: : September .....: 29,850 29,700 29,050 31,000 30,850 :: Irrigated : October .......: 29,800 29,650 28,550 30,800 :: September ....: 29,950 29,350 29,000 29,650 28,300 November ......: 29,850 29,750 28,600 31,100 :: October ......: 30,100 29,300 28,950 29,600 Final .........: 29,850 29,750 28,600 31,100 :: November .....: 30,100 29,300 28,850 29,550 : :: Final ........: 30,100 29,300 28,850 29,550 Iowa : :: : September .....: 31,050 31,850 31,750 32,250 30,900 :: Non-irrigated : October .......: 31,000 31,850 31,550 31,900 :: September ....: 24,950 24,050 23,850 23,450 23,000 November ......: 31,050 31,800 31,600 31,950 :: October ......: 24,750 24,000 23,500 23,650 Final .........: 31,050 31,800 31,600 31,950 :: November .....: 24,700 23,950 23,500 23,700 : :: Final ........: 24,700 23,950 23,500 23,700 Kansas : :: : September .....: 21,700 22,050 22,600 23,800 21,700 :: Ohio : October .......: 21,650 21,550 23,200 23,400 :: September .....: 29,800 30,400 29,400 30,050 31,300 November ......: 21,650 21,800 23,350 23,600 :: October .......: 29,900 30,050 29,350 29,900 Final .........: 21,650 21,800 23,350 23,600 :: November ......: 29,900 30,050 29,700 29,650 : :: Final .........: 29,850 30,050 29,700 29,650 Minnesota : :: : September .....: 31,750 30,750 31,300 31,300 30,200 :: South Dakota : October .......: 31,800 30,700 31,250 31,450 :: September .....: 25,450 26,150 26,400 26,050 25,650 November ......: 31,800 30,700 31,300 31,450 :: October .......: 25,400 26,100 26,200 26,150 Final .........: 31,800 30,700 31,300 31,450 :: November ......: 25,550 25,750 25,900 26,100 : :: Final .........: 25,550 25,750 25,900 26,100 Missouri : :: : September .....: 28,200 27,250 27,500 27,350 28,500 :: Wisconsin : October .......: 28,150 27,400 27,100 27,300 :: September .....: 30,300 29,900 30,700 30,300 30,350 November ......: 28,200 27,350 27,200 27,400 :: October .......: 30,400 29,550 30,300 29,900 Final .........: 28,200 27,350 27,200 27,400 :: November ......: 30,300 29,400 30,200 30,050 : :: Final .........: 30,300 29,400 30,200 30,000 : :: : : :: 10 State : : :: September .....: 29,000 29,100 29,250 29,650 28,900 : :: October .......: 28,950 29,000 29,200 29,500 : :: November ......: 28,950 29,000 29,200 29,550 : :: Final .........: 28,950 29,000 29,200 29,550 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre - Selected States: 2020-2024 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : :: State : : : : : and month : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 :: and month : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number :: : number : :: : Illinois : :: Nebraska : September .....: 29,900 31,100 31,500 32,250 31,500 :: All corn : October .......: 29,800 31,050 31,850 32,050 :: September ....: 26,800 26,650 25,850 26,300 26,300 November ......: 29,800 31,050 31,800 32,000 :: October ......: 26,850 26,950 25,000 26,700 Final .........: 29,800 31,050 31,800 32,000 :: November .....: 26,750 26,800 24,950 26,600 : :: Final ........: 26,750 26,800 24,950 26,600 Indiana : :: : September .....: 29,600 29,700 28,700 30,700 31,700 :: Irrigated : October .......: 29,600 29,750 28,400 30,950 :: September ....: 28,900 29,000 28,900 29,350 28,400 November ......: 29,600 29,900 28,500 30,950 :: October ......: 28,850 29,600 28,350 29,800 Final .........: 29,600 29,900 28,500 30,950 :: November .....: 28,800 29,500 28,300 29,700 : :: Final ........: 28,800 29,500 28,300 29,700 Iowa : :: : September .....: 30,600 31,750 30,850 32,050 31,100 :: Non-irrigated : October .......: 30,450 31,800 30,800 31,700 :: September ....: 24,650 24,250 22,700 23,150 23,600 November ......: 30,550 31,800 30,800 31,750 :: October ......: 24,800 24,200 21,600 23,500 Final .........: 30,550 31,800 30,800 31,750 :: November .....: 24,700 24,050 21,600 23,450 : :: Final ........: 24,700 24,050 21,600 23,450 Kansas : :: : September .....: 22,050 22,250 22,800 23,500 21,350 :: Ohio : October .......: 21,250 21,450 22,300 22,800 :: September .....: 29,350 30,650 29,250 29,850 30,800 November ......: 21,250 21,700 22,100 23,150 :: October .......: 29,700 30,350 29,250 30,400 Final .........: 21,250 21,700 22,100 23,150 :: November ......: 29,700 30,350 29,550 29,950 : :: Final .........: 29,650 30,350 29,500 29,950 Minnesota : :: : September .....: 31,750 30,800 31,200 31,350 30,150 :: South Dakota : October .......: 31,850 30,650 31,450 31,300 :: September .....: 25,550 26,250 25,300 25,900 26,200 November ......: 31,850 30,600 31,450 31,300 :: October .......: 25,550 26,150 24,700 25,950 Final .........: 31,850 30,600 31,450 31,300 :: November ......: 25,700 25,400 24,250 26,150 : :: Final .........: 25,700 25,400 24,250 26,150 Missouri : :: : September .....: 27,650 26,900 26,300 26,500 28,450 :: Wisconsin : October .......: 27,600 26,950 26,200 26,300 :: September .....: 30,050 30,100 29,900 30,450 30,050 November ......: 27,650 26,950 26,300 26,350 :: October .......: 30,400 29,500 29,550 30,200 Final .........: 27,650 26,950 26,300 26,350 :: November ......: 30,350 29,400 29,400 30,200 : :: Final .........: 30,350 29,400 29,400 30,200 : :: : : :: 10-State : : :: September .....: 28,650 29,050 28,650 29,400 28,950 : :: October .......: 28,600 28,950 28,500 29,350 : :: November ......: 28,600 28,850 28,450 29,350 : :: Final .........: 28,600 28,850 28,450 29,350 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Soybean Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean-producing States during 2024. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from September through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are actual field counts from this survey. Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet - Selected States: 2020-2024 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : :: State : : : : : and month : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 :: and month : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number :: : number : :: : Arkansas : :: Missouri : September .....: 1,630 1,449 1,721 2,043 1,666 :: September .....: 1,977 1,925 1,736 2,099 2,034 October .......: 1,527 1,501 1,746 1,844 :: October .......: 2,093 1,886 1,606 1,991 November ......: 1,459 1,583 1,711 1,856 :: November ......: 2,036 2,047 1,880 2,062 Final .........: 1,418 1,623 1,711 1,824 :: Final .........: 2,041 2,121 1,875 2,058 : :: : Illinois : :: Nebraska : September .....: 2,019 2,080 1,896 1,952 1,938 :: September .....: 1,943 1,887 1,592 1,644 1,977 October .......: 2,127 2,120 1,888 2,085 :: October .......: 2,002 2,069 1,597 1,678 November ......: 2,170 2,222 2,010 2,121 :: November ......: 1,980 2,148 1,586 1,709 Final .........: 2,170 2,227 2,011 2,121 :: Final .........: 1,980 2,148 1,586 1,709 : :: : Indiana : :: North Dakota : September .....: 2,056 1,846 1,655 1,927 1,978 :: September .....: 1,242 1,055 1,281 1,250 1,352 October .......: 1,994 1,811 1,749 1,998 :: October .......: 1,439 1,014 1,298 1,203 November ......: 1,963 1,822 1,763 1,962 :: November ......: 1,442 1,009 1,357 1,408 Final .........: 1,959 1,836 1,773 1,962 :: Final .........: 1,442 1,009 1,357 1,404 : :: : Iowa : :: Ohio : September .....: 1,675 1,732 1,585 1,814 1,859 :: September .....: 1,811 2,060 1,798 1,847 1,797 October .......: 1,933 1,800 1,653 1,997 :: October .......: 1,972 1,989 1,890 2,003 November ......: 1,927 1,894 1,785 2,071 :: November ......: 1,983 2,074 1,788 2,030 Final .........: 1,927 1,890 1,780 2,070 :: Final .........: 1,981 2,116 1,780 2,030 : :: : Kansas : :: South Dakota : September .....: 1,650 1,404 1,456 1,500 1,365 :: September .....: 1,688 1,626 1,258 1,520 1,345 October .......: 1,699 1,480 1,400 1,372 :: October .......: 1,720 1,526 1,291 1,552 November ......: 1,629 1,551 1,392 1,500 :: November ......: 1,696 1,512 1,305 1,644 Final .........: 1,629 1,514 1,391 1,529 :: Final .........: 1,696 1,522 1,305 1,644 : :: : Minnesota : :: 11-State : September .....: 1,607 1,603 1,468 1,648 1,619 :: September .....: 1,780 1,717 1,604 1,755 1,746 October .......: 1,782 1,545 1,581 1,695 :: October .......: 1,882 1,725 1,628 1,799 November ......: 1,751 1,557 1,610 1,687 :: November ......: 1,866 1,788 1,690 1,856 Final .........: 1,751 1,557 1,610 1,667 :: Final .........: 1,865 1,798 1,689 1,854 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- August Weather Summary An August drying trend affected many parts of the country, leading to reductions in topsoil moisture and increased stress on rangeland, pastures, and a variety of immature summer crops. Nationally, topsoil moisture rated very short to short increased from 32 to 46 percent during the 5-week period ending September 1, while rangeland and pastures rated very poor to poor increased from 29 to 42 percent. However, effects of the dryness were partially offset in the Midwest by near- or below-normal temperatures, except for a few hot days in late August. As September began, nearly two-thirds (65 percent) of both corn and soybeans were rated in good to excellent condition, reflecting the beneficial impact of earlier rainfall and the general lack of extreme summer heat. Farther south, however, record-shattering heat gripped the southern Plains and neighboring areas, pushing monthly temperatures as much as 5°F above normal and compounding the effects of mostly dry weather. By September 1, nearly one-quarter (24 percent) of the Nation's cotton was rated in very poor to poor condition, propelled by top producer Texas (31 percent very poor to poor). Between July 30 and September 3, drought coverage in the Lower 48 States increased more than 10 percentage points from 19.92 to 29.95 percent, according to the Drought Monitor. During that period, drought broadly developed or intensified across the Plains, West, and South, with some of the most rapid deterioration occurring from the southern Plains to the Mississippi Delta. On September 3, extreme to exceptional drought (D3 to D4) was reported in 13 states, led by West Virginia (49.26 percent) and Ohio (22.21 percent). Both of those states reported their first-ever observance of exceptional drought (D4) in the 25-year history of the Drought Monitor, on the map dated August 27. In early September, D3/D4 coverage ranged from 1 to 9 percent in Mississippi, Montana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, and Wyoming. In the Atlantic Coast States, however, the interaction between the remnants of Hurricane Debby and a cold front led to early-month downpours and gusty winds. With sustained winds near 80 mph, Debby made landfall around daybreak on August 5 in Florida's Big Bend. Later, Debby drifted across northern Florida and eastern Georgia before moving offshore, then made a final landfall (as a tropical storm) on August 8 northeast of Charleston, South Carolina. Thereafter, the former hurricane accelerated northward, but still managed to trigger flash flooding as far north as New York. Debby's footprint, which included local rainfall totals of 8 to 16 inches or more, triggered lowland flooding near Tampa Bay and from northeastern Florida into the eastern Carolinas. In the West, however, dozens of wildfires remained active each day during the month, leading to 6.3 million acres of charred vegetation, nationally, by the end of August. This was nearly 125 percent of the 10-year average of 5.1 million acres for the January-August period. A year ago, in 2023, the western United States experienced an unusually quiet fire season, following the historically wet winter of 2022-23, with only 2.7 million burned acres, nationally. The Nation's largest wildfire of the year to date, the 429,603-acre, arson-induced Park Fire near Chico, California, was particularly destructive, with more than 700 structures destroyed. The Park Fire also became the fourth-largest wildfire in modern California history, behind only the 1.03 million-acre August Complex (2020), the 963,309-acre Dixie Fire (2021), and the 459,123-acre Mendocino Complex (2018). Farther east, fast-burning, late-August fires-some sparked by lightning-tore across ranchland in northeastern Wyoming and neighboring areas in Montana, with losses of livestock and infrastructure, such as fencing. The Remington Fire, which burned from Wyoming into Montana after being started on August 22, charred more than 196,000 acres, while the House Draw fire, ignited by lightning on August 21 near Buffalo, Wyoming, torched nearly 175,000 acres. At the end of August, however, the largest active wildfire with less than 50 percent containment was the 92,000-acre, lightning-sparked Wapiti Fire southwest of Stanley, Idaho. August Agricultural Summary August was warmer than average for much of the Nation. Parts of the Southern Plains and Southwest recorded temperatures 4°F or more above normal for the month. In contrast, parts of North Dakota and Oregon recorded temperatures 4°F or more below normal. While much of the South and Southwest remained drier than normal, parts of the Great Basin, East Coast, Great Plains, Pacific Northwest, and Rockies recorded at least twice the normal amount precipitation. Tropical Storm Debbie, which made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane in Florida's Big Bend region at the beginning of the month, caused extensive flooding along the East Coast. Areas along the Florida Gulf Coast and the southeast Atlantic Coast recorded 13 inches or more of rain during the month. By August 4, eighty-eight percent of the Nation's corn acreage had reached the silking stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. By August 4, forty-six percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 4 percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 4, seven percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, equal to last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's corn acreage had reached the silking stage, 1 percentage point behind both last year and the 5-year average. By August 18, seventy-four percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, thirty percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, equal to last year but 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Five percent of the Nation's corn acreage was mature by August 18, two percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. By September 1, ninety percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. By September 1, sixty percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, 2 percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Corn denting progress advanced by 10 percentage points or more in 14 of the 18 estimating States during the week. Nineteen percent of the Nation's corn acreage was mature by September 1, four percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On September 1, sixty-five percent of the Nation's corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 12 percentage points above the same time last year. In Iowa, the largest corn producing State, 77 percent of the corn crop was rated in good to excellent condition. By August 4, eighty-six percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had reached the blooming stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 4, fifty-nine percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had begun setting pods, 2 percentage points behind last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, ninety-five percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had reached the blooming stage, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. By August 18, eighty-one percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had begun setting pods, 3 percentage points behind last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 94 percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had begun setting pods by September 1, equal to last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, leaf drop was 13 percent complete by September 1, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On September 1, sixty-five percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 12 percentage points above the same time last year. Eighty-eight percent of the 2024 winter wheat acreage had been harvested by August 4, three percentage points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the 2024 winter wheat acreage had been harvested by August 18, one percentage point ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Winter wheat harvest progress was complete or nearing completion in all estimating States except Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington. Nationwide, producers had sown 2 percent of the intended 2025 winter wheat acreage by September 1, one percentage point ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Planting progress was most advanced in Washington with 22 percent planted, 14 percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Ninety-one percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by August 4, one percentage point ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By August 4, sixty percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By August 4, eight percent of the Nation's cotton had open bolls, 1 percentage point ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. By August 18, eighty-four percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, nineteen percent of the Nation's cotton had open bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. By September 1, ninety-five percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By September 1, thirty-seven percent of the Nation's cotton had open bolls, 7 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On September 1, forty-four percent of the 2024 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 13 percentage points above the previous year. By August 4, sixty-three percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had reached the headed stage, 8 percentage points ahead of last year and 9 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty-five percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was at or beyond the coloring stage by August 4, equal to last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, eighty-three percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had reached the headed stage, 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Thirty-nine percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was at or beyond the coloring stage by August 18, three percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, nineteen percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was mature, 1 percentage point ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By September 1, ninety-five percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had reached the headed stage, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-two percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was at or beyond the coloring stage by September 1, five percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By September 1, thirty percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was mature, 4 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Nineteen percent of the 2024 sorghum acreage had been harvested by September 1, one percentage point ahead of last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Seventy-three percent of Texas's sorghum acreage had been harvested by September 1, seven percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 1, six percentage points above the same time last year. By August 4, eighty percent of the Nation's rice acreage had reached the headed stage, 9 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 7 percent of the rice acreage was harvested by August 4, one percentage point behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, ninety-four percent of the Nation's rice acreage had reached the headed stage, 2 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 21 percent of the rice acreage was harvested by August 18, four percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 43 percent of the rice acreage was harvested by September 1, twelve percentage points ahead of last year and 19 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On September 1, seventy-seven percent of the Nation's rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 7 percentage points above the same time last year. Forty-seven percent of the Nation's oat acreage had been harvested by August 4, two percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. On August 4, sixty-seven percent of the Nation's oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 23 percentage points above the same time last year. Sixty-seven percent of the Nation's oat acreage had been harvested by August 18, equal to last year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty-nine percent of the Nation's oat acreage had been harvested by September 1, one percentage point ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Oat harvest progress continued with advances of 15 percentage points or more reported in Minnesota and North Dakota. Ninety-seven percent of the Nation's barley acreage had reached the headed stage by August 4, one percentage point behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By August 4, barley producers had harvested 7 percent of the Nation's barley crop, 6 percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By August 18, barley producers had harvested 30 percent of the Nation's barley crop, 13 percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. On August 25, sixty-five percent of the Nation's barley acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 16 percentage points above the same time last year. By September 1, barley producers had harvested 75 percent of the Nation's barley crop, equal to last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Barley harvest progress advanced by 22 percentage points or more in 4 of the 5 estimating States. By August 4, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had reached the headed stage, 1 percentage point behind the previous year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By August 4, six percent of the Nation's spring wheat had been harvested, 2 percentage points behind the previous year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By August 18, thirty-one percent of the Nation's spring wheat had been harvested, 4 percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On August 25, sixty-nine percent of the Nation's spring wheat was rated in good to excellent condition, 32 percentage points above the previous year. By September 1, seventy percent of the Nation's spring wheat had been harvested, 2 percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Spring wheat harvest progress advanced by 10 percentage points or more in all 6 estimating States. By August 11, ninety-five percent of the Nation's peanut crop had reached the pegging stage, 1 percentage point ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year average. On September 1, sixty-one percent of the Nation's peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 5 percentage points above the same time last year. Crop Comments Corn: The 2024 area harvested for grain, is forecast at 82.7 million acres, unchanged from the previous estimate but down 4 percent from last year. The September 1 Corn objective yield data indicate the highest number of ears on record for the combined objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin). Production for grain is forecast at 15.2 billion bushels, up less than 1 percent from the previous forecast, but down 1 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of September 1, the yield is forecast at 183.6 bushels per acre, up 0.5 bushels from the previous forecast and up 6.3 bushels from last year's record high final estimate of 177.3 bushels per acre. Record high yields are forecast in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Nebraska, New York, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. By August 4, eighty-eight percent of the Nation's corn acreage had reached the silking stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. By August 4, forty-six percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 4 percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 4, seven percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, equal to last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 11, ninety-four percent of the Nation's corn acreage had reached the silking stage,1 percentage point behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. Sixty percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, equal to last year but 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 11, eighteen percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's corn acreage had reached the silking stage, 1 percentage point behind both last year and the 5-year average. By August 18, seventy-four percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, thirty percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, equal to last year but 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By August 25, eighty-four percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 1 percentage point behind last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By August 25, forty-six percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, equal to last year but 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Corn denting progress advanced by 10 percentage points or more in 14 of the 18 estimating States during the week. Eleven percent of the Nation's corn acreage was mature by August 25, three percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By September 1, sixty-five percent of the Nation's corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition. By September 1, ninety percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dough stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. By September 1, sixty percent of this year's corn acreage was denting, 2 percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Corn denting progress advanced by 10 percentage points or more in 14 of the 18 estimating States during the week. Nineteen percent of the Nation's corn acreage was mature by September 1, four percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average equal to the previous week but 12 percentage points above the previous year. Sorghum: Production is forecast at 302 million bushels, up 8 percent from the previous estimate but down 5 percent from last year. Planted area, at 6.30 million acres, is unchanged from the previous estimate but down 12 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 5.28 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 14 percent from 2023. Based on September 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 57.3 bushels per acre, 4.4 bushels above the previous estimate and up 5.3 bushels from the 2023 yield of 52.0 bushels per acre. By September 1, ninety-five percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had reached the headed stage, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-two percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was at or beyond the coloring stage by September 1, five percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By September 1, thirty percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was mature, 4 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Nineteen percent of the 2024 sorghum acreage had been harvested by September 1, one percentage point ahead of last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Seventy-three percent of Texas's sorghum acreage had been harvested by September 1, seven percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on September 1, two percentage points above the previous week and 6 percentage points above the previous year. Rice: All rice production is forecast at 220 million cwt, down less than 1 percent from the previous estimate but up 1 percent from previous year. Planted area is estimated at 2.94 million acres, unchanged from the previous estimate but up 2 percent from the previous year. Area for harvest is expected to total 2.90 million acres, unchanged from the previous estimate but up 1 percent from last year. Based on conditions as of September 1, the average United States yield is forecast at 7,588 pounds per acre, down 61 pounds per acre from 2023. Compared with last year, increases in production are forecast in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Missouri. As of September 1, forty-three percent of the Nation's rice acreage had been harvested, 12 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 19 points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-seven percent of the rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 2 percentage points below the previous week but 7 percentage points above the same time last year. Soybeans: Production is forecast at a record 4.59 billion bushels, down slightly from the previous estimate but up 10 percent from last year. The forecasted yield, at 53.2 bushels per acres, is up 2.6 bushels from last year's final estimate of 50.6 bushels per acre. If realized, this would be the highest yield on record for the Nation. Acreage harvested for beans is forecast at 86.3 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 5 percent from last year. The September objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a lower pod count compared with the previous year. Compared with final counts for 2023, pod counts are down in 9 of the 11 published States. South Dakota showed the greatest decrease, down 299 pods per 18 square feet from the previous year. Planting was underway by the end of April in 17 of the 18 major soybean- producing States. Eighteen percent of the acreage was planted by April 28, two percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-eight percent of soybean acreage was planted by May 26, ten percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. As of August 4, fifty-nine percent of the soybean acreage was setting pods, 2 percentage points behind last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-one percent of the acreage was setting pods on August 18, three percentage points behind last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By September 1, ninety-four percent of the soybean acreage was setting pods, equal to last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. As of September 1, sixty-five percent of soybean acreage was rated in good to excellent condition compared to 53 percent at the same time last year. During the month of August, 11 of the 18 estimated States published in the weekly Crop Progress and Conditions report showed a decrease in the percent of acreage rated in the good to excellent categories. Sixteen of the 18 States showed changes of less than 10 percent. If realized, the forecasted yield will be a record high in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, New York, and Texas. Peanuts: Acreage updates were made based on a thorough review of all available data. Planted area for the Nation is estimated at 1.81 million acres, up less than 1 percent from the previous estimate and up 10 percent from last year. Total harvested area, at 1.75 million acres, is up less than 1 percent from the previous estimate and is up 11 percent from 2023. Record high harvested acres are expected in Arkansas. Production is forecast at 6.71 billion pounds, up 12 percent from 2023 in comparable states. Based on conditions as of September 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 3,836 pounds per acre, up 69 pounds per acre from 2023 in comparable states. As of September 1, sixty-one percent of the peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points behind the previous week but 5 percentage points ahead of the same time last year. Beginning in 2024, estimates for peanuts began in Missouri but were discontinued in New Mexico. Cotton: Area planted to Upland cotton is estimated at 11.0 million acres, up slightly from the previous estimate and up 9 percent from 2023. Upland harvested area for the Nation is expected to total 8.44 million acres up slightly from the previous estimate and up 34 percent from last year. Pima cotton planted area is estimated at 199,000 acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 35 percent from 2023. Expected Pima harvested area at 192,000 acres is up 39 percent from last year. By September 1, ninety-five percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By September 1, thirty-seven percent of the Nation's cotton had open bolls, 7 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On September 1, forty-four percent of the 2024 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 4 percentage points above the previous week and 13 percentage points above the previous year. In Texas, producers were harvesting cotton in the Blacklands, the Upper Coast, and South East Texas. Cotton harvested reached 15 percent, even with last year but up 8 percentage points from the 5-year average. In Georgia, many cotton producers used irrigation pivots to help alleviate dry field conditions. Early planted cotton bolls continued to open, but spider mite pressure in the later planted crop was noted to be significant. As of September 1, thirty-six percent of the cotton acreage in Texas and fifty-six percent of the cotton acreage in Georgia was rated in good to excellent condition. Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2024 crop year is forecast at 35.4 million tons, down 1 percent from last month but up less than 1 percent from last year. Acreage updates were made based on a thorough review of all available data. Total planted area, at 1.10 million acres, is down 1 percent from the previous estimate and down 3 percent from 2023. Producers expect to harvest 1.08 million acres, down 1 percent from last month and down 5 percent from last year. Yield is forecast at 32.9 tons per acre, unchanged from last month but up 1.7 tons from last year. Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at 35.3 million tons, up 4 percent from last month and up 6 percent from last season in comparable States. Producers intend to harvest 924,000 acres for sugar and seed during the 2024 crop year, up less than 1 percent from last month and up 1 percent from last season, in comparable States. Yields for sugar and seed are expected to average 38.2 tons per acre, up 1.2 tons from last month and up 1.6 tons from last season, in comparable States. Beginning in 2024, estimates for sugarcane were discontinued in Texas. Tobacco: The 2024 United States all tobacco production is forecast at 351 million pounds, down 6 percent from the previous forecast and down 12 percent from 2023 for comparable States. Area harvested, at 172,200 acres, is up 1 percent from the previous month but down slightly from last year for comparable States. Yield for the 2024 crop year is forecast at 2,040 pounds per acre, down 147 pounds from last month and 279 pounds below last year for comparable States. Beginning in 2024, estimates for tobacco were discontinued in Georgia, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina. Estimates for light air-cured burley type were discontinued in North Carolina and Virginia. Estimates for fire-cured type were discontinued in Virginia. Lentils: Production of lentils in 2024 is forecast at 9.54 million cwt, up 72 percent from last year in comparable States. Acreage updates were made based on a thorough review of all available data. Planted area, at 936,000 acres, is up 12 percent from the previous forecast and up 77 percent from last year in comparable States. Harvested area at 900,000 acres is up 14 percent from the previous forecast and up 78 percent from last year in comparable States. The average yield is expected to be 1,060 pounds per acre, down 38 pounds per acre from last year in comparable States. In Montana, the largest producing State, 78 percent of the acreage was harvested by the week ending September 1, comparted to the same week of the previous year of 90 percent. Beginning in 2024, estimates for lentils were discontinued in Idaho. Dry edible peas: Production in 2024 of dry edible peas was estimated at 19.3 million cwt, up 8 percent from last year in comparable States. Acreage updates were made based on a thorough review of all available data. Planted area, at 988,000 acres, is down 4 percent from the previous forecast but up 4 percent from last year in comparable States. Harvested area, at 947,000 acres, is down 4 percent from the previous forecast but up 2 percent from last year in comparable States. The average yield for dry edible peas for the 2024 season is 2,036 pounds per acre, up 116 pounds from 2023 in comparable States. In Montana, the largest producing State, 96 percent of the acreage was harvested by the week ending September 1, compared to the same week the previous year of 94 percent. Beginning in 2024, estimates for dry edible peas were discontinued in South Dakota. Also beginning in 2024, wrinkled seed peas and Austrian winter peas were removed from the dry edible pea estimates. Chickpeas: Production of all chickpeas is forecast at 6.13 million cwt, up 33 percent from 2023 in comparable States. Acreage updates were made based on a thorough review of all available data. Area planted for all chickpeas for the 2024 crop year is estimated at 504,000 acres, up slightly from the previous forecast and up 37 percent from the previous year, in comparable States. Area harvested for all chickpeas is forecast at 496,900 acres, up 2 percent from the previous forecast and up 40 percent from 2023 in comparable States. The average United States yield is expected to be 1,234 pounds per acre, down 62 pounds from 2023, in comparable States. Beginning in 2024, estimates for chickpeas were discontinued in California. Walnuts: The 2024 California walnut production is forecast at 670,000 tons, down 19 percent from last year's production of 824,000 tons. The forecast is based on the Walnut Objective Measurement survey. Survey data indicated an average nut set of 761 per tree, down 24 percent from the previous year's average of 1,004 nuts per tree. The percent of sound kernels in-shell was 98.1 percent Statewide. In-shell weight per nut averaged 21.1 grams. In-shell suture width measurement averaged 32.5 millimeters, while cross-width measurement averaged 33.4 millimeters, and in-shell length averaged 38.4 millimeters. The complete report is available at: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/Special ty_and_Other_Releases/Walnut/Objective-Measurement/202409walom.pdf Statistical Methodology Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between August 24 and September 9 to gather information on expected yield as of September 1. The objective yield surveys for corn and soybeans were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for 75 percent of the United States production. Farm operators selected for the objective yield survey were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected fields for the objective yield survey (corn and soybeans). The counts made within each sample plot depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, the number of plants is recorded along with other measurements that provide information to forecast the number of ears or pods and their weight. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are visited starting in September and are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviews. Approximately 6,900 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared with previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published September 1 forecasts. Revision policy: The September 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, imports, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of acres for barley, corn, cotton, dry edible beans, oats, peanuts, rice, sorghum, soybeans, sugarbeets, and wheat are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report. Acres for chickpeas, corn, cotton, dry edible peas, lentils, peanuts, rice, sorghum, soybeans, and sugarbeets are subject to revision in the September Crop Production report each year. Barley, oats, rye, and wheat end-of-season estimates are published in the Small Grains Annual Summary report at the end of September. Canola, dry edible beans, and sunflower acres are subject to revision in the October Crop Production report. Potato acres are subject to revision in the November Crop Production report. End-of-season estimates for all other row crops are published in the Annual Crop Production Summary in January. Revisions to planted acres will only be made when either special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm Service Agency certified acreage data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production forecast is made if there is sufficient data indicating that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the September 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the September 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the September 1 corn for grain production forecast is 3.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 3.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 5.6 percent. Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the September 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the September 1 forecast and the final estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 301 million bushels, ranging from 13 million bushels to 845 million bushels. The September 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the September 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts [Based on data for the past twenty years] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Difference between forecast : : : and final estimate : : :---------------------------------------- : :90 percent : Production : Years Crop : Root mean :confidence :---------------------------------------- :square error: interval : : : : Below : Above : : :Average:Smallest:Largest: final : final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- percent --- ------ millions ------ number : Corn for grain ........bushels: 3.2 5.6 301 13 845 9 11 Peanuts ................pounds: 7.5 12.9 338 11 836 10 10 Rice ......................cwt: 2.7 4.6 5 1 13 11 9 Sorghum for grain .....bushels: 10.4 18.0 20 2 64 6 14 Soybeans for beans ....bushels: 4.8 8.3 119 8 408 13 7 Sugarbeets ...............tons: 5.5 9.6 1 (Z) 5 9 11 Sugarcane ................tons: 6.4 11.0 2 (Z) 4 11 9 Upland cotton 1/ ........bales: 7.7 13.2 1,088 2 2,444 8 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Z) Less than half of the unit shown. 1/ Quantity is in thousands of units. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Patrick Boyle, Chief, Crops Branch................................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Progress and Condition, Flaxseed, Mustardseed............... (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans............................................. (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings.. (202) 690-1042 David Colwell - Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products........................... (202) 720-8800 Michelle Harder - Hay, Peanuts.................................................. (202) 690-8533 Brittany Brown - Corn, Proso Millet, Rice....................................... (202) 720-2127 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat..................................................... (202) 720-8068 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................. (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower......................... (202) 720-7369 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section................... (202) 720-2127 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco............................................................... (202) 720-4288 Bret Holliman - Apricots, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans, Sweet Corn, Tomatoes................................................................. (202) 720-7235 Robert Little - Blueberries, Cabbage, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup, Pears, Raspberries, Spinach............................................. (202) 720-3250 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Asparagus, Celery, Grapefruit, Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios............... (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes.......................... (202) 720-4285 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons.............. (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans............................ (202) 720-4215 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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