Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released July 12, 2022, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Up 2 Percent from June Forecast Durum Wheat Production Up 107 Percent from 2021 Other Spring Wheat Production Up 52 Percent from 2021 Orange Production Down 2 Percent from June Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.20 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the June 1 forecast but down 6 percent from 2021. As of July 1, the United States yield is forecast at 48.0 bushels per acre, down 0.2 bushel from last month and down 2.2 bushels from last year's average yield of 50.2 bushels per acre. Area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 25.0 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but down 2 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter production, at 585 million bushels, is up 1 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 376 million bushels, is up 5 percent from the June forecast. White Winter, at 240 million bushels, is down 1 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production, 15.1 million bushels are Hard White and 225 million bushels are Soft White. Durum wheat production is forecast at 77.2 million bushels, up 107 percent from 2021. Based on July 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 40.3 bushels per harvested acre, up 16.0 bushels from 2021. Area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 1.92 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but up 25 percent from 2021. Other spring wheat production for grain is forecast at 503 million bushels, up 52 percent from last year. Based on July 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 47.0 bushels per harvested acre, up 14.4 bushels from 2021. Area harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 10.7 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but 5 percent above 2021. Of the total production, 457 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, up 54 percent from 2021. The United States all orange forecast for the 2021-2022 season is 3.81 million tons, down 2 percent from the previous forecast and down 13 percent from the 2020-2021 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 41.0 million boxes (1.84 million tons), is up 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 23 percent from last season's final utilization. In Florida, early, midseason, and Navel varieties are forecast at 18.3 million boxes (821,000 tons), up slightly from the previous forecast but down 20 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 22.7 million boxes (1.02 million tons), is up 1 percent from the previous forecast but down 25 percent from last season's final utilization. The California all orange forecast is 49.0 million boxes (1.96 million tons), is down 4 percent from previous forecast but unchanged from last season's final utilization. The California Navel orange forecast is 40.0 million boxes (1.60 million tons), down 7 percent from the previous forecast and down 3 percent from last season's final utilization. The California Valencia orange forecast is 9.00 million boxes (360,000 tons), up 8 percent from the previous forecast and up 17 percent from last season's final utilization. The Texas all orange forecast, at 200,000 boxes (8,000 tons), is down 43 percent from the previous forecast and down 81 percent from last season's final utilization. This report was approved on July 12, 2022. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Gloria M. Greene Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Joseph L. Parsons Contents Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022...... 4 Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022... 4 Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022................................................................................................ 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022................................................................................................ 6 Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022................................................................................................ 6 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022................................. 6 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2020-2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022................................................................................................ 7 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022..................................................................................... 8 Apricots Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022............................ 9 Almond Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022.............................. 9 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2021 and 2022..... 10 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2021 and 2022....... 12 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2021 and 2022................................. 14 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2021 and 2022................................... 15 Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2018-2022............. 16 Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2018-2022............................................. 17 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map......................................................................... 18 Departure from Normal Temperature Map....................................................................... 18 June Weather Summary........................................................................................ 19 June Agricultural Summary................................................................................... 19 Crop Comments............................................................................................... 22 Statistical Methodology..................................................................................... 24 Reliability of July 1 Crop Production Forecasts............................................................. 25 Information Contacts........................................................................................ 26 Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : California .......: 5 5 65.0 65.0 325 325 Idaho ............: 13 13 72.0 90.0 936 1,170 Illinois .........: 15 10 83.0 82.0 1,245 820 Iowa .............: 52 35 77.0 76.0 4,004 2,660 Kansas ...........: 20 21 50.0 45.0 1,000 945 Maine ............: 19 23 78.0 70.0 1,482 1,610 Michigan .........: 20 30 63.0 59.0 1,260 1,770 Minnesota ........: 77 105 57.0 62.0 4,389 6,510 Montana ..........: 16 30 35.0 20.0 560 600 Nebraska .........: 26 23 56.0 41.0 1,456 943 : New York .........: 29 39 68.0 65.0 1,972 2,535 North Dakota .....: 83 120 48.0 86.0 3,984 10,320 Ohio .............: 20 25 67.0 67.0 1,340 1,675 Oregon ...........: 6 6 62.0 75.0 372 450 Pennsylvania .....: 36 48 65.0 56.0 2,340 2,688 South Dakota .....: 56 95 67.0 86.0 3,752 8,170 Texas ............: 35 50 45.0 47.0 1,575 2,350 Wisconsin ........: 61 65 62.0 61.0 3,782 3,965 : Other States 1/ ..: 61 53 66.6 58.6 4,062 3,107 : United States ....: 650 796 61.3 66.1 39,836 52,613 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Other States include: Arkansas, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2022 Summary." Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 14 16 125.0 126.0 1,750 2,016 California .....: 13 22 63.0 45.0 819 990 Colorado .......: 47 60 111.0 137.0 5,217 8,220 Idaho ..........: 490 560 89.0 111.0 43,610 62,160 Minnesota ......: 34 35 55.0 65.0 1,870 2,275 Montana ........: 625 855 38.0 42.0 23,750 35,910 North Dakota ...: 430 565 51.0 73.0 21,930 41,245 Virginia .......: 7 11 75.0 78.0 525 858 Washington .....: 70 75 38.0 78.0 2,660 5,850 Wyoming ........: 70 51 91.0 99.0 6,370 5,049 : Other States 1/ : 148 145 62.0 70.9 9,172 10,279 : United States ..: 1,948 2,395 60.4 73.0 117,673 174,852 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include: Alaska, Delaware, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, and Wisconsin. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2022 Summary." Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2022 : : : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 :-------------------: 2021 : 2022 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels --- : Arkansas .......: 145 170 58.0 57.0 58.0 8,410 9,860 California .....: 80 120 82.0 73.0 43.0 6,560 5,160 Colorado .......: 1,880 1,650 37.0 28.0 27.0 69,560 44,550 Idaho ..........: 640 720 71.0 94.0 91.0 45,440 65,520 Illinois .......: 610 720 79.0 78.0 79.0 48,190 56,880 Indiana ........: 270 250 85.0 78.0 82.0 22,950 20,500 Kansas .........: 7,000 6,850 52.0 39.0 39.0 364,000 267,150 Kentucky .......: 350 400 87.0 79.0 77.0 30,450 30,800 Maryland .......: 160 175 79.0 78.0 79.0 12,640 13,825 Michigan .......: 560 425 81.0 79.0 79.0 45,360 33,575 : Mississippi ....: 70 75 59.0 53.0 53.0 4,130 3,975 Missouri .......: 490 660 65.0 71.0 63.0 31,850 41,580 Montana ........: 1,730 1,900 31.0 33.0 34.0 53,630 64,600 Nebraska .......: 840 860 49.0 41.0 37.0 41,160 31,820 North Carolina .: 345 395 56.0 65.0 67.0 19,320 26,465 North Dakota ...: 60 90 33.0 47.0 58.0 1,980 5,220 Ohio ...........: 515 480 85.0 76.0 76.0 43,775 36,480 Oklahoma .......: 2,950 2,700 39.0 27.0 27.0 115,050 72,900 Oregon .........: 705 715 45.0 62.0 65.0 31,725 46,475 South Dakota ...: 720 760 38.0 47.0 54.0 27,360 41,040 : Tennessee ......: 330 365 71.0 73.0 71.0 23,430 25,915 Texas ..........: 2,000 1,300 37.0 31.0 27.0 74,000 35,100 Virginia .......: 120 170 67.0 64.0 64.0 8,040 10,880 Washington .....: 1,690 1,790 42.0 73.0 73.0 70,980 130,670 Wisconsin ......: 245 260 75.0 73.0 76.0 18,375 19,760 : Other States 1/ : 959 1,002 61.5 57.6 59.9 59,000 59,991 : United States ..: 25,464 25,002 50.2 48.2 48.0 1,277,365 1,200,691 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2022 Summary." Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2022 : : : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 :-----------------: 2021 : 2022 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 52 89 90.0 103.0 102.0 4,680 9,078 California .....: 20 35 110.0 113.0 112.0 2,200 3,920 Idaho ..........: 7 6 77.0 (X) 85.0 539 510 Montana ........: 635 770 16.0 (X) 30.0 10,160 23,100 North Dakota ...: 820 1,015 24.0 (X) 40.0 19,680 40,600 : United States ..: 1,534 1,915 24.3 (X) 40.3 37,259 77,208 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (X) Not applicable. Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 acres -- --- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Idaho ..........: 485 450 63.0 92.0 30,555 41,400 Minnesota ......: 1,160 1,160 48.0 53.0 55,680 61,480 Montana ........: 2,180 2,650 17.0 28.0 37,060 74,200 North Dakota ...: 5,210 5,250 33.5 51.0 174,535 267,750 South Dakota ...: 590 730 29.0 49.0 17,110 35,770 Washington .....: 540 465 30.0 48.0 16,200 22,320 : United States ..: 10,165 10,705 32.6 47.0 331,140 502,920 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2021 : 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ............: 749,489 585,123 Soft red ............: 360,689 375,626 Hard white ..........: 20,283 15,108 Soft white ..........: 146,904 224,834 : Spring : Hard red ............: 297,366 456,847 Hard white ..........: 5,662 7,675 Soft white ..........: 28,112 38,398 Durum ...............: 37,259 77,208 : Total ............ : 1,645,764 1,780,819 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2020-2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ :Utilized production ton equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2020-2021 : 2021-2022 : 2020-2021 : 2021-2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 boxes ----- ------ 1,000 tons ----- Oranges : California, all ............: 49,000 49,000 1,960 1,960 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 41,300 40,000 1,652 1,600 Valencia ..................: 7,700 9,000 308 360 : Florida, all ...............: 52,950 40,950 2,383 1,843 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 22,700 18,250 1,022 821 Valencia ..................: 30,250 22,700 1,361 1,022 : Texas, all .................: 1,050 200 45 8 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 1,000 170 43 7 Valencia ..................: 50 30 2 1 : United States, all .........: 103,000 90,150 4,388 3,811 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 65,000 58,420 2,717 2,428 Valencia ..................: 38,000 31,730 1,671 1,383 : Grapefruit : California .................: 4,200 4,000 168 160 Florida ....................: 4,100 3,330 174 142 Texas ......................: 2,400 1,700 96 68 : United States ..............: 10,700 9,030 438 370 : Tangerines and mandarins 3/ : California .................: 28,800 20,000 1,152 800 Florida ....................: 890 750 42 36 : United States ..............: 29,690 20,750 1,194 836 : Lemons : Arizona ....................: 750 1,300 30 52 California .................: 20,100 23,000 804 920 : United States ..............: 20,850 24,300 834 972 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80. 2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. 3/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period had not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production Class, type and State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ acres ----- ---- pounds ---- -- 1,000 pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : Georgia ................................: 8,000 8,000 1,800 1,900 14,400 15,200 North Carolina .........................: 120,000 124,000 2,100 1,800 252,000 223,200 South Carolina .........................: 7,600 6,000 1,800 1,800 13,680 10,800 Virginia ...............................: 14,500 14,000 2,300 2,100 33,350 29,400 : United States ..........................: 150,100 152,000 2,088 1,833 313,430 278,600 : Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) : Kentucky ...............................: 8,700 9,900 3,350 29,145 Tennessee ..............................: 6,000 6,100 3,100 18,600 Virginia ...............................: 170 230 2,100 357 : United States ..........................: 14,870 16,230 3,235 48,102 : Class 3A, Light air-cured : Type 31, Burley : Kentucky .............................: 35,000 34,000 2,050 71,750 North Carolina .......................: 250 200 1,600 400 Pennsylvania .........................: 2,500 1,400 2,800 7,000 Tennessee ............................: 2,900 3,000 1,500 4,350 Virginia .............................: 360 300 2,100 756 : United States ........................: 41,010 38,900 2,055 84,256 : Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt : Pennsylvania .........................: 350 200 2,200 770 : United States ........................: 350 200 2,200 770 : Total light air-cured (31-32) ....... : 41,360 39,100 2,056 85,026 : Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) : Kentucky ...............................: 6,100 6,100 2,650 16,165 Tennessee ..............................: 4,000 4,400 2,250 9,000 : United States ..........................: 10,100 10,500 2,492 25,165 : Class 4, Cigar filler : Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf : Pennsylvania .........................: 2,500 3,700 2,500 6,250 : United States ........................: 2,500 3,700 2,500 6,250 : All tobacco : United States ..........................: 218,930 221,530 2,183 477,973 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Apricots Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : California ............: 38,200 33,000 Washington ............: 3,540 3,200 : United States .........: 41,740 36,200 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Almond Production - States and United States: 2021 and Forecasted July 1, 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production (shelled basis) State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : California ............: 2,915,000 2,600,000 : United States .........: 2,915,000 2,600,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2021 and 2022 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2022 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 2,660 3,046 1,948 2,395 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 93,357 89,921 85,388 81,940 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,481 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 50,736 51,507 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) (NA) 15,246 15,465 All other ............................: (NA) (NA) 35,490 36,042 Oats ...................................: 2,550 2,392 650 796 Proso millet ...........................: 725 670 662 Rice ...................................: 2,532 2,343 2,488 2,308 Rye ....................................: 2,133 2,170 294 345 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 7,305 6,305 6,490 5,375 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 331 Wheat, all .............................: 46,703 47,092 37,163 37,622 Winter ...............................: 33,648 34,006 25,464 25,002 Durum ................................: 1,635 1,976 1,534 1,915 Other spring .........................: 11,420 11,110 10,165 10,705 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2,152.0 1,958.0 2,089.0 1,913.0 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 325 235 268 216 Mustard seed ...........................: 103.0 123.0 89.3 115.0 Peanuts ................................: 1,585.2 1,543.0 1,545.0 1,502.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 14.3 9.0 12.5 8.2 Safflower ..............................: 152.0 154.0 135.0 144.5 Soybeans for beans .....................: 87,195 88,325 86,332 87,511 Sunflower ..............................: 1,288.5 1,667.0 1,243.8 1,602.2 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 11,215.5 12,478.0 10,272.3 Upland ...............................: 11,089.0 12,322.0 10,148.5 American Pima ........................: 126.5 156.0 123.8 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,160.0 1,178.4 1,107.6 1,146.1 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) (NA) 935.2 924.3 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 218.9 221.5 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 368.5 349.0 351.0 340.3 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,394.0 1,281.0 1,335.6 1,234.3 Dry edible peas ........................: 977.0 1,018.0 834.0 969.0 Lentils ................................: 708.0 648.0 549.0 606.0 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 60.9 59.9 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 44.0 Potatoes ...............................: 943.0 910.0 935.7 902.2 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 14.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2021 and 2022 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2022 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per acre : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- 1,000 -------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 60.4 73.0 117,673 174,852 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 177.0 15,115,170 Corn for silage ....................tons: 20.1 130,317 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.37 120,196 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.23 49,245 All other ........................tons: 2.00 70,951 Oats ............................bushels: 61.3 66.1 39,836 52,613 Proso millet ....................bushels: 23.2 15,376 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,709 191,796 Rye .............................bushels: 33.4 9,808 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 69.0 447,810 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 15.4 5,083 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 44.3 47.3 1,645,764 1,780,819 Winter ........................bushels: 50.2 48.0 1,277,365 1,200,691 Durum .........................bushels: 24.3 40.3 37,259 77,208 Other spring ..................bushels: 32.6 47.0 331,140 502,920 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 1,302 2,720,550 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 5,323.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 10.1 2,708 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 491 43,834 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 4,135 6,389,300 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 1,809 22,616 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,001 135,175 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 51.4 4,435,232 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,530 1,902,985 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 819 17,523.0 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 813 17,191.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,287 332.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 33.2 36,751 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 35.1 32,838 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 2,183 477,973 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas 2/ ........................cwt: 815 2,861 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 1,701 22,721 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 1,025 8,549 Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 606 3,327 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,900 115,630.9 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 3,721 5,028 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 757,987 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 104 4,566 Potatoes ............................cwt: 438 409,671 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 119 1,775 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2021 and 2022 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2022 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 1,076,480 1,232,690 788,340 969,230 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 37,780,640 36,390,130 34,555,670 33,160,300 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,622,800 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 20,532,350 20,844,370 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) (NA) 6,169,900 6,258,530 All other ....................: (NA) (NA) 14,362,450 14,585,840 Oats ...........................: 1,031,960 968,020 263,050 322,130 Proso millet ...................: 293,400 271,140 267,900 Rice ...........................: 1,024,680 948,190 1,006,870 934,020 Rye ............................: 863,200 878,180 118,980 139,620 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,956,260 2,551,570 2,626,440 2,175,210 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 133,950 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 18,900,240 19,057,660 15,039,490 15,225,250 Winter .......................: 13,617,010 13,761,890 10,305,030 10,118,060 Durum ........................: 661,670 799,670 620,790 774,980 Other spring .................: 4,621,560 4,496,110 4,113,670 4,332,210 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 870,890 792,380 845,400 774,170 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 131,520 95,100 108,460 87,410 Mustard seed ...................: 41,680 49,780 36,140 46,540 Peanuts ........................: 641,510 624,440 625,250 607,840 Rapeseed .......................: 5,790 3,640 5,060 3,320 Safflower ......................: 61,510 62,320 54,630 58,480 Soybeans for beans .............: 35,286,940 35,744,240 34,937,700 35,414,830 Sunflower ......................: 521,440 674,620 503,350 648,390 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 4,538,800 5,049,720 4,157,100 Upland .......................: 4,487,610 4,986,590 4,107,000 American Pima ................: 51,190 63,130 50,100 Sugarbeets .....................: 469,440 476,890 448,230 463,820 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) (NA) 378,470 374,050 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 88,600 89,650 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ......................: 149,130 141,240 142,050 137,720 Dry edible beans ...............: 564,140 518,410 540,500 499,510 Dry edible peas ................: 395,380 411,970 337,510 392,140 Lentils ........................: 286,520 262,240 222,170 245,240 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 24,630 24,240 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 17,810 Potatoes .......................: 381,620 368,270 378,670 365,110 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 6,030 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2021 and 2022 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2022 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 3.25 3.93 2,562,030 3,806,950 Corn for grain .........................: 11.11 383,943,000 Corn for silage ........................: 45.07 118,221,590 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.31 109,039,980 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.24 44,674,310 All other ............................: 4.48 64,365,660 Oats ...................................: 2.20 2.37 578,220 763,680 Proso millet ...........................: 1.30 348,720 Rice ...................................: 8.64 8,699,720 Rye ....................................: 2.09 249,130 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.33 11,374,900 Sorghum for silage .....................: 34.42 4,611,220 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 2.98 3.18 44,790,360 48,465,950 Winter ...............................: 3.37 3.23 34,764,180 32,677,450 Durum ................................: 1.63 2.71 1,014,020 2,101,260 Other spring .........................: 2.19 3.16 9,012,150 13,687,240 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 1.46 1,234,020 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 4,828,940 Flaxseed ...............................: 0.63 68,790 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.55 19,880 Peanuts ................................: 4.64 2,898,140 Rapeseed ...............................: 2.03 10,260 Safflower ..............................: 1.12 61,310 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.45 120,707,230 Sunflower ..............................: 1.71 863,180 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.92 3,815,180 Upland ...............................: 0.91 3,742,900 American Pima ........................: 1.44 72,280 Sugarbeets .............................: 74.38 33,339,950 Sugarcane ..............................: 78.71 29,790,130 Tobacco ................................: 2.45 216,800 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 0.91 129,770 Dry edible beans .......................: 1.91 1,030,610 Dry edible peas ........................: 1.15 387,780 Lentils ................................: 0.68 150,910 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.13 52,450 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 18,610 25,140 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 343,820 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.12 2,070 Potatoes ...............................: 49.07 18,582,370 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.13 810 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2021 and 2022 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2022 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2021-2022 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 438 370 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 834 972 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 4,388 3,811 Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 1,194 836 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ..........million pounds: 9,848.5 Apricots ..............................tons: 41,740 36,200 Avocados ..............................tons: 150,740 Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: 669,100 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: 105,000 Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 378,300 275,000 Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 172.1 229.2 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: 28,440 Cranberries .........................barrel: 7,074,000 : Dates .................................tons: 59,450 Grapes ................................tons: 6,050,000 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 40,100 Nectarines (California) ...............tons: 116,500 Olives (California) ...................tons: 101,000 Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 13,400 Peaches ...............................tons: 688,770 Pears .................................tons: 701,500 Plums (California) ....................tons: 83,500 Prunes (California) ...................tons: 222,000 Raspberries ...................1,000 pounds: 178,900 Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 26,700.0 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 2,915,000 2,600,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 77,500 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 51,000 Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 255,300 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 1,155,000 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 725,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2021 and 2022 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2022 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2021-2022 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2021 : 2022 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 397,350 335,660 Lemons ....................................: 756,590 881,780 Oranges ...................................: 3,980,730 3,457,280 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 1,083,180 758,410 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ........................: 4,467,200 Apricots ..................................: 37,870 32,840 Avocados ..................................: 136,750 Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: 303,500 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: 47,630 Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 343,190 249,480 Cherries, Tart ............................: 78,060 103,960 Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: 12,900 Cranberries ...............................: 320,870 : Dates .....................................: 53,930 Grapes ....................................: 5,488,470 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 36,380 Nectarines (California) ...................: 105,690 Olives (California) .......................: 91,630 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 6,080 Peaches ...................................: 624,840 Pears .....................................: 636,390 Plums (California) ........................: 75,750 Prunes (California) .......................: 201,400 Raspberries ...............................: 81,150 Strawberries ..............................: 1,211,090 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 1,322,220 1,179,340 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 70,310 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 23,130 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 115,800 Pistachios (California) ...................: 523,900 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 657,710 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2020-2021 and 2021-2022. Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2022. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are based on counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2018-2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : July : August Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2018 ..........: 18 69 93 2019 ..........: 8 50 89 2020 ..........: 14 64 92 2021 ..........: 7 64 97 2022 ..........: 14 64 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature. Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2018-2022 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Colorado : July ................: 40.6 49.3 43.0 49.9 40.8 August ..............: 41.0 50.8 42.7 46.8 Final ...............: 41.0 50.8 42.7 46.8 : Illinois : July ................: 60.9 48.1 52.5 63.3 63.1 August ..............: 60.9 49.2 52.4 63.4 Final ...............: 60.9 49.2 52.4 63.4 : Kansas : July ................: 37.3 46.9 45.3 51.4 40.7 August ..............: 37.3 47.2 45.4 51.4 Final ...............: 37.3 47.2 45.4 51.4 : Missouri : July ................: 53.7 56.4 52.5 55.4 55.5 August ..............: 53.7 56.4 52.5 55.4 Final ...............: 53.7 56.4 52.5 55.4 : Montana : July ................: 44.1 45.2 37.4 40.2 36.0 August ..............: 44.8 43.5 38.8 38.9 Final ...............: 44.7 43.1 38.6 38.9 : Nebraska : July ................: 50.5 53.1 45.8 47.7 45.1 August ..............: 50.4 53.7 45.7 47.0 Final ...............: 50.4 53.7 45.7 47.0 : Ohio : July ................: 70.3 52.0 64.1 66.7 55.1 August ..............: 70.3 53.0 63.9 66.5 Final ...............: 70.3 53.0 63.9 66.5 : Oklahoma : July ................: 32.9 38.1 38.2 38.2 35.2 August ..............: 32.4 38.1 38.3 38.2 Final ...............: 32.4 38.1 38.3 38.2 : Texas : July ................: 30.9 34.3 32.7 32.1 29.0 August ..............: 30.9 34.3 32.7 31.3 Final ...............: 31.1 34.5 32.7 31.3 : Washington : July ................: 41.8 34.2 37.7 33.3 40.3 August ..............: 42.3 34.3 38.3 33.4 Final ...............: 42.3 34.6 38.2 33.4 : 10 State : July ................: 40.1 44.0 42.1 45.5 40.6 August ..............: 40.1 44.1 42.3 45.0 Final ...............: 40.2 44.2 42.3 45.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Final head counts will be published in the "Small Grains 2022 Summary." June Weather Summary An early-onset Southwestern monsoon circulation delivered substantial mid- to late-June rainfall in Arizona and New Mexico, aiding wildfire containment efforts and providing limited drought relief. As a result, New Mexico's two largest wildfires in modern history-the Calf Canyon/Hermits Peak and Black Fires-were effectively halted after burning approximately 342,000 and 325,000 acres of vegetation, respectively. However, negligible rain fell in central and southern California and the Great Basin, leaving those areas with mounting impacts from a 3-year drought. Farther north, relatively cool, showery weather continued through June in the Northwest, further improving prospects for rangeland and pastures, winter grains, and spring-sown crops in the wake of last year's punishing drought. However, in Yellowstone National Park and neighboring areas, melting snow and a mid-June deluge resulted in extensive damage and record flooding, extending along the Yellowstone River as far east as Billings, Montana. Meanwhile on the Plains, June rainfall arrived mostly too late to benefit drought-damaged winter wheat, although many summer crops were able to take advantage of variable soil moisture improvements. Still, periods of extreme heat-especially across the central and southern Plains-partially offset the benefits of a wetter regime. In addition, conditions in Texas were so dry when the month began that only isolated areas experienced meaningful drought relief. By July 3, Texas led the Nation with topsoil moisture rated 94 percent very short to short. During June, hotter- and drier-than-normal weather dominated the South, resulting in diminishing soil moisture reserves and significant stress on pastures and summer crops. By July 3, topsoil moisture was rated at least 40 percent very short to short in each Southeastern State except Florida, led by Kentucky (84 percent). An extended Southern heat wave was particularly detrimental to reproductive summer crops, including corn. The Midwest also experienced a net drying trend during June, although conditions were less severe-with shorter hot spells and more widespread showers-than those observed in the South. Still, Midwestern statewide topsoil rated very short to short on July 3 exceeded 50 percent in five Midwestern States: Indiana (72 percent), Ohio (66 percent), Michigan (64 percent), Nebraska (60 percent), and Missouri (51 percent). By month's end, most Midwestern corn and soybeans had not yet entered the reproductive stage of development. On June 14, national drought coverage reached a year-to-date minimum of 44.5 percent, according to the Drought Monitor, down from an early-March peak of 61.1 percent. The last time coverage had been below 45 percent was more than a year ago, on June 1, 2021. During the second half of June, however, coverage increased anew (to 49.4 percent by July 5), as rapidly developing drought materialized across portions of the mid-South, Midwest, and Atlantic Coast States. Warmer-than-normal June weather dominated the Nation's mid-section, including the central and southern Plains and the western and southern Corn Belt. June heat also covered much of the Nation's southern tier, from southern California to the southern Atlantic Coast. Some of the hottest weather, relative to normal, affected Texas, where monthly temperatures locally averaged more than 5°F above normal. In contrast, near- or slightly below- normal temperatures prevailed in several areas, including the upper Great Lakes region, the Northeast, and from the Pacific Northwest to the northern High Plains. June Agricultural Summary June was warmer than average for most of the Nation. Much of Texas and parts of California, the Plains, Southeast, and Southwest recorded temperatures 3°F or more above normal for the month. In contrast, moderately cooler than normal temperatures were felt in much of the Northeast, Pacific Northwest, and Northern Rockies. Parts of southern Florida, the Great Lakes, and Mid-Atlantic also experienced moderately cooler than normal temperatures. While most of the Southwest remained drier than normal for the month of June, parts of the Appalachian Mountains, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Mississippi Valley, Pacific Northwest, Plains, Northern Rockies, and Southeast received at least twice the normal amount of precipitation. By June 5, producers had planted 94 percent of the Nation's corn crop, 4 percentage points behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-eight percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by June 5, eleven percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the Nation's corn acreage had emerged by June 19, four percentage points behind the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 3, seven percent of the Nation's corn acreage had reached the silking stage, 2 percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On July 3, sixty-four percent of the Nation's corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, equal to the same time last year. Seventy-eight percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by June 5, eleven percentage points behind last year and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Fifty-six percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had emerged by June 5, eighteen percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-four percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was planted by June 19, three percentage points behind last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-three percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had emerged by June 19, seven percentage points behind last year and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had emerged by July 3, two percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 3, sixteen percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had reached the blooming stage, 11 percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, 3 percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had begun setting pods, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. On July 3, sixty-three percent of the Nation's soybean acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 4 percentage points above the same time last year. By June 5, seventy-nine percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed, 5 percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Five percent of the 2022 winter wheat acreage had been harvested by June 5, three percentage points ahead of last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. By June 19, ninety-one percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed, 4 percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Twenty-five percent of the 2022 winter wheat acreage had been harvested by June 19, ten percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty-four percent of the 2022 winter wheat acreage had been harvested by July 3, eleven percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On July 3, thirty-one percent of the 2022 winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition, 16 percentage points below the same time last year. Nationwide, 84 percent of the cotton crop was planted by June 5, fourteen percentage points ahead of the previous year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eleven percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 5, two percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 96 percent of the cotton crop was planted by June 19, one percentage point ahead of both the previous year and the 5-year average. Twenty-two percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 19, two percentage points ahead of last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. By June 19, six percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 2 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Forty-four percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by July 3, three percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 3, thirteen percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had begun setting bolls, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. On July 3, thirty-six percent of the 2022 cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 16 percentage points below the same time last year. Fifty-six percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by June 5, six percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by June 19, six percentage points behind the previous year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 19, fifteen percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had reached the headed stage, 1 percentage point behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-seven percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was planted by July 3, equal to the previous year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. By July 3, twenty-one percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had reached the headed stage, 1 percentage point behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. With progress limited to Texas, coloring advanced to 14 percent by July 3, one percentage point ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Forty-two percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on July 3, thirty percentage points below the same time last year. By June 12, ninety-five percent of the Nation's rice acreage had emerged, equal to last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. By June 19, five percent of the Nation's rice acreage had reached the headed stage, 2 percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 3, fifteen percent of the Nation's rice acreage had reached the headed stage, 2 percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. On July 3, seventy-six percent of the Nation's rice acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points above the same time last year. Nationally, oat producers had seeded 94 percent of this year's acreage by June 5, five percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty percent of the Nation's oat acreage was emerged by June 5, fourteen percentage points behind the previous year and 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twenty-six percent of the Nation's oat acreage had headed by June 5, ten percentage points behind last year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-five percent of the Nation's oat acreage was emerged by June 19, five percentage points behind the previous year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-two percent of the Nation's oat acreage had headed by June 19, nineteen percentage points behind last year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixty-seven percent of the Nation's oat acreage had headed by July 3, nineteen percentage points behind last year and 14 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On July 3, sixty-one percent of the Nation's oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 27 percentage points above the same time last year. Ninety-one percent of the Nation's barley crop was planted by June 5, seven percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-three percent of the Nation's barley crop had emerged by June 5, thirteen percentage points behind the previous year and 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the Nation's barley crop had emerged by June 19, two percentage points behind the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Eight percent of the Nation's barley acreage had reached the headed stage by June 19, nine percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Forty-three percent of the Nation's barley acreage had reached the headed stage by July 3, fourteen percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On July 3, fifty-nine percent of the Nation's barley acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 37 percentage points above the same time last year. By June 5, eighty-two percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, 17 percentage points behind last year and 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 5, fifty-five percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had emerged, 34 percentage points behind the previous year and 28 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 19, ninety-eight percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, 2 percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. By June 19, eighty-nine percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had emerged, 9 percentage points behind the previous year and 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By July 3, twenty percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop had reached the headed stage, 46 percentage points behind the previous year and 37 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On July 3, sixty-six percent of the Nation's spring wheat was rated in good to excellent condition, 50 percentage points above the same time last year. Nationally, peanut producers had planted 88 percent of the 2022 peanut acreage by June 5, two percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, peanut producers had planted 97 percent of the 2022 peanut acreage by June 19, two percentage points ahead of the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. By June 19, eighteen percent of the Nation's peanut crop had reached the pegging stage, two percentage points behind both the previous year and the 5-year average. By July 3, forty-nine percent of the Nation's peanut crop had reached the pegging stage, 3 percentage points ahead of the previous year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. On July 3, fifty-seven percent of the Nation's peanut acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 12 percentage points below the same time last year. By June 5, ninety-four percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted, 6 percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Thirty-three percent of the Nation's intended 2022 sunflower acreage was planted by June 5, twenty-four percentage points behind last year and 17 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty-one percent of the Nation's intended 2022 sunflower acreage was planted by June 19, nine percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-seven percent of the Nation's intended 2022 sunflower acreage was planted by July 3, one percentage point behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. Crop Comments Oats: Production is forecast at 52.6 million bushels, up 32 percent from 2021. Growers expect to harvest 796,000 acres for grain, unchanged from the previous forecast and up 22 percent from 2021. Based on conditions as of July 1, the United States yield is forecast at 66.1 bushels per acre, 4.8 bushels above the 2021 average yield. A record high yield is expected in North Dakota. As of July 3, sixty-seven percent of the Nation's oat acreage was headed, 19 percentage points behind last year and 14 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of July 3, sixty-one percent of the Nation's oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 34 percent at the same time last year. Barley: Production is forecast at 175 million bushels, up 49 percent from 2021. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 73.0 bushels per acre, up 12.6 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain or seed, at 2.40 million acres is unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but up 23 percent from 2021. A record high yield is expected in Idaho. Nationwide, 97 percent of the barley acreage was sown by June 12, three percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-six percent of the barley acreage had emerged by June 19, two percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. Heading of the Nation's barley acreage advanced to 19 percent complete by June 26, twenty-one percentage points behind the previous year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 53 percent of the barley acreage was reported in good to excellent condition on June 26, compared to 31 percent at the same time last year. Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.20 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the previous forecast but down 6 percent from 2021. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 48.0 bushels per acre, down 0.2 bushel from last month and down 2.2 bushels from last year's average yield of 50.2 bushels per acre. Area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 25.0 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but down 2 percent from last year. Record high yields are forecast in Illinois, Maryland and North Dakota for 2022. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year's levels in all six States. As of July 3, harvest progress was behind normal in Colorado. Harvest had not yet begun in Montana as of July 3, 2022. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are above last year's levels in Missouri, but below last year's levels in Illinois and Ohio. As of July 3, harvest progress was eight, eleven, and fifteen percentage points ahead of the 5-year average pace in Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio, respectively. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are above last year. Seventy percent of the Washington acreage was rated in good to excellent condition as of July 3, 2022, compared to 20 percent on July 4, 2021. Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 77.2 million bushels, up 107 percent from 2021. The United States yield is forecast at 40.3 bushels per acre, up 16.0 bushels from last year. Area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 1.92 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but up 25 percent from 2021. A record high yield is forecast in California. Montana and North Dakota are the two largest Durum-producing States. As of July 3, sixty-six percent of the acreage in Montana and 88 percent of the acreage in North Dakota were rated in good to excellent condition. As of July 3, Montana Durum wheat progress was 22 percent headed, five percentage points behind average. In North Dakota, Durum wheat headed progress was rated at 10 percent as of July 3, thirty-three percentage points behind average. Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 503 million bushels, up 52 percent from 2021. The United States yield is forecast at 47.0 bushels per acre, up 14.4 bushels from a year ago. Of the total production, 457 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, up 54 percent from last year. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 10.7 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but 5 percent above 2021. A record high yield is forecast in North Dakota. Spring wheat planting and development started out behind the 5-year average pace and has remained behind the 5-year average pace to date. In the six major producing States, twenty percent of the acreage was headed as of July 3, thirty-seven percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of July 3, sixty-six percent of the other spring wheat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition compared to 16 percent in 2021. Grapefruit: The United States 2021-2022 grapefruit crop is forecast at 370,000 tons, down 4 percent from the previous forecast and down 16 percent from last season's final utilization. The California forecast, at 4.00 million boxes (160,000 tons), is down 2 percent from the previous forecast and down 5 percent from last season. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 836,000 tons, down 5 percent from the previous forecast and down 30 percent from the last season's final utilization. The California tangerine and mandarin forecast, at 20.0 million boxes (800,000 tons), is down 5 percent from the previous forecast and down 31 percent from last season. Lemons: The 2021-2022 United States lemon crop is forecast at 972,000 tons, down 1 percent from the previous forecast but up 17 percent last season's final utilization. The California forecast, at 23.0 million boxes (920,000 tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but up 14 percent from the 2020-2021 season. Tobacco: The 2022 United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 279 million pounds, down 11 percent from 2021. Area harvested, at 152,000 acres, is unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2022, but up 1 percent from last year. Yield for the 2022 crop year is forecast at 1,833 pounds per acre, 255 pounds below last year. Apricots: The 2022 apricot crop is forecast at 36,200 tons, down 13 percent from last year. In California, growers in some areas reported yield reduction due to frost damage and dry conditions. In Washington, there were wide-spread reports of freeze damage caused by an artic jet stream that lasted for about two weeks in the spring of the year. Almonds: The 2022 California almond production (shelled basis) is forecast at 2.60 billion pounds, down 7 percent from the previous forecast and down 11 from the previous year. The 2022 almond crop was off to a great start with excellent weather conditions in early February. However, growers reported unexpected cold weather and early morning freezing temperatures in Northern California, and almond bloom progression slowed down. The unseasonably warm weather and well above normal temperatures during the latter part of March and April were beneficial for the post-bloom period and development of the crop. In June, extreme events including drought, high temperatures, and water restrictions, resulting in reduced yields. Statistical Methodology Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 24 and July 7 to gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for about 71 percent of the 2021 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and internet. Approximately 5,100 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: In Florida, during August and September, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree is determined. In August and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective measurement estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers in California and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast. Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 2.9 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 2.9 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 5.0 percent. Also shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the July 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using winter wheat as an example, changes between the July 1 forecast and the final estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 30 million bushels, ranging from less than 1 million to 87 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times. This does not imply that the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Reliability of July 1 Crop Production Forecasts [Based on data for the past twenty years] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Difference between forecast : : : and final estimate : : :---------------------------------------- : :90 percent : Production : Years Crop : Root mean :confidence :---------------------------------------- :square error: interval : : : : Below : Above : : :Average:Smallest:Largest: final : final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- percent --- ----- millions ----- number : Barley ................bushels: 7.5 12.9 12 (Z) 38 10 10 Oranges 1/ ...............tons: 1.8 3.2 99 9 251 11 9 Oats ..................bushels: 12.3 21.3 8 (Z) 32 2 18 Wheat : Winter wheat ........bushels: 2.9 5.0 30 (Z) 87 8 12 Durum wheat .........bushels: 12.9 22.4 7 (Z) 24 10 10 Other spring .......bushels: 10.2 17.6 37 2 98 10 10 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Z) Less than half of the unit shown. 1/ Quantity is in thousands of units. USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch.................................................. (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section......................................... (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Weather.................................................. (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans.......................................... (202) 690-3234 David Colwell - Current Agricultural Industrial Reports...................... (202) 720-8800 Michelle Harder - Barley, County Estimates, Hay.............................. (202) 690-8533 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat.................................................. (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.................................. (202) 720-9526 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum.............................. (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Sunflower, Other Oilseeds................................... (202) 720-7369 Lihan Wei - Peanuts, Rice.................................................... (202) 720-7688 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section................ (202) 720-2127 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco................................................ (202) 720-4288 Robert Little - Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup, Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes.................................. (202) 720-3250 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios............................................................... (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Blueberries, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes.......... (202) 720-4285 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons............. (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans.......................... (202) 720-4215 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. 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