Livestock Slaughter ISSN: 0499-0544 Released June 18, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Commercial Red Meat Production Down 5 Percent from Last Year May 2024 contained 23 weekdays (including 1 holiday) and 4 Saturdays. May 2025 contained 22 weekdays (including 1 holiday) and 5 Saturdays. Commercial red meat production for the United States totaled 4.38 billion pounds in May, down 5 percent from the 4.62 billion pounds produced in May 2024. Beef production, at 2.12 billion pounds, was 9 percent below the previous year. Cattle slaughter totaled 2.45 million head, down 11 percent from May 2024. The average live weight was up 27 pounds from the previous year, at 1,422 pounds. Veal production totaled 2.2 million pounds, 37 percent below May a year ago. Calf slaughter totaled 10,400 head, down 41 percent from May 2024. The average live weight was up 26 pounds from last year, at 362 pounds. Pork production totaled 2.24 billion pounds, down 2 percent from the previous year. Hog slaughter totaled 10.4 million head, down 2 percent from May 2024. The average live weight was down 1 pound from the previous year, at 289 pounds. Lamb and mutton production, at 11.5 million pounds, was up slightly from May 2024. Sheep slaughter totaled 186,200 head, slightly below last year. The average live weight was 122 pounds, up 1 pound from May a year ago. January to May 2025 commercial red meat production was 22.5 billion pounds, down 2 percent from 2024. Accumulated beef production was down 2 percent from last year, veal was down 39 percent, pork was down 1 percent from last year, and lamb and mutton production was up 3 percent. This page intentionally left blank. Contents Commercial Red Meat Production - United States....................................... 4 Federally Inspected Red Meat Production - United States.............................. 4 Livestock Slaughter and Average Live Weight - United States.......................... 5 Commercial Red Meat Production - States and United States............................ 6 Commercial Cattle Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025............ 7 Commercial Calf Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025.............. 8 Commercial Hog Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025............... 9 Commercial Sheep and Lamb Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025.... 10 Livestock Slaughtered Under Federal Inspection by Class - United States.............. 11 Federally Inspected Slaughter Average Dressed Weight by Class - United States........ 11 Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: May 2025.................. 12 Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: January to May 2025....... 13 Federally Inspected Slaughter Percent of Total Commercial Slaughter - United States.. 13 Terms and Definitions Used for Livestock Slaughter Estimates......................... 14 Statistical Methodology.............................................................. 15 Information Contacts................................................................. 16 Commercial Red Meat Production - United States [Totals, accumulated totals, and percentages based on unrounded data] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : May 2025 as % of : January to May : May : April : May :---------------------------------------------------- Type : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : May : April : : :2025 as % : : : : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- million pounds ------ --- percent --- million pounds percent : Beef .............: 2,324.4 2,242.4 2,122.7 91 95 11,186.5 10,908.3 98 Veal .............: 3.5 2.1 2.2 63 104 18.1 10.9 61 Pork .............: 2,278.2 2,343.2 2,239.7 98 96 11,688.7 11,539.2 99 Lamb and mutton ..: 11.4 12.8 11.5 100 90 56.7 58.5 103 : Total red meat ...: 4,617.5 4,600.5 4,376.1 95 95 22,950.0 22,516.9 98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Federally Inspected Red Meat Production - United States [Totals, accumulated totals, and percentages based on unrounded data] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : May 2025 as % of : January to May : May : April : May :---------------------------------------------------- Type : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : May : April : : :2025 as % : : : : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- million pounds ------ --- percent --- million pounds percent : Beef .............: 2,292.3 2,209.4 2,091.9 91 95 11,019.2 10,745.4 98 Veal .............: 3.4 2.0 2.1 63 104 17.3 10.4 60 Pork .............: 2,269.5 2,334.5 2,231.6 98 96 11,642.1 11,495.6 99 Lamb and mutton ..: 10.2 11.4 10.2 100 89 50.8 52.2 103 : Total red meat ...: 4,575.4 4,557.3 4,335.8 95 95 22,729.5 22,303.6 98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Livestock Slaughter and Average Live Weight - United States [Totals, accumulated totals, and percentages based on unrounded data] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : May : January to May : May : April : May : 2025 as % :-------------------------------------------- Species : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : of 2024 : : : 2025 as % : : : : : 2024 : 2025 : of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent : Cattle : Number of head : Federally inspected ..1,000: 2,697.0 2,526.0 2,405.5 89 13,083.7 12,316.2 94 Other ................1,000: 45.9 45.9 43.6 95 241.7 229.1 95 Commercial ...........1,000: 2,742.9 2,571.9 2,449.1 89 13,325.3 12,545.3 94 Average live weight : Federally inspected .pounds: 1,398 1,434 1,425 102 1,394 1,434 103 Other ...............pounds: 1,219 1,250 1,230 101 1,220 1,237 101 Commercial ..........pounds: 1,395 1,431 1,422 102 1,391 1,430 103 : Calves : Number of head : Federally inspected ..1,000: 17.2 9.8 10.0 58 93.0 53.6 58 Other ................1,000: 0.7 0.6 0.5 70 3.6 2.8 78 Commercial ...........1,000: 17.8 10.3 10.4 59 96.7 56.4 58 Average live weight : Federally inspected .pounds: 333 354 360 108 317 329 104 Other ...............pounds: 392 377 417 106 375 391 104 Commercial ..........pounds: 336 355 362 108 319 333 104 : Hogs : Number of head : Federally inspected ..1,000: 10,534.3 10,760.4 10,353.8 98 53,896.1 53,020.5 98 Other ................1,000: 46.6 45.3 43.2 93 242.9 227.5 94 Commercial ...........1,000: 10,580.8 10,805.8 10,397.1 98 54,139.0 53,248.0 98 Average live weight : Federally inspected .pounds: 290 291 289 100 290 291 100 Other ...............pounds: 256 263 257 100 264 262 99 Commercial ..........pounds: 290 291 289 100 290 291 100 : Sheep and lambs : Number of head : Federally inspected ..1,000: 163.0 177.5 159.3 98 806.9 812.0 101 Other ................1,000: 23.5 27.6 26.9 115 113.9 121.1 106 Commercial ...........1,000: 186.5 205.0 186.2 100 920.8 933.0 101 Average live weight : Federally inspected .pounds: 123 127 126 102 124 127 102 Other ...............pounds: 104 99 96 92 102 103 101 Commercial ..........pounds: 121 123 122 101 121 123 102 : Goats : Number of head : Federally inspected ..1,000: 47.6 42.3 41.7 88 231.3 215.7 93 Other ................1,000: 8.3 8.4 8.3 101 45.6 43.9 96 Commercial ...........1,000: 55.8 50.7 50.0 90 276.9 259.6 94 Average live weight : Federally inspected .pounds: 64 64 64 100 63 65 102 Other ...............pounds: 81 85 83 102 81 82 102 Commercial ..........pounds: 66 67 67 101 66 68 102 : Bison : Number of head : Federally inspected ..1,000: 6.7 5.5 4.5 66 34.6 27.1 78 Other ................1,000: 0.2 0.2 0.2 153 1.4 1.4 102 Commercial ...........1,000: 6.9 5.7 4.7 68 36.0 28.5 79 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commercial Red Meat Production - States and United States [Includes total beef, veal, pork, lamb, and mutton. Totals and percentages based on unrounded data] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : May : April : May : May 2025 as : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : % of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- million pounds ---------- percent : Alabama ...............: 1.0 1.2 1.0 101 Alaska ................: (Y) (Y) 0.1 (X) Arizona ...............: 40.6 43.2 39.0 96 Arkansas ..............: 0.6 0.5 0.5 87 California ............: 99.2 85.8 81.7 82 Colorado ..............: 183.2 185.3 181.5 99 Delaware-Maryland .....: 2.7 2.1 2.2 79 Florida ...............: 6.6 4.5 4.0 60 Georgia ...............: 11.6 6.9 7.6 65 Hawaii ................: 0.9 0.7 0.8 92 : Idaho .................: 45.9 47.4 46.8 102 Illinois ..............: 282.6 283.2 267.0 94 Indiana ...............: 158.1 166.3 161.3 102 Iowa ..................: 752.8 758.1 739.0 98 Kansas ................: 517.7 486.9 437.4 84 Kentucky ..............: 52.5 53.3 50.0 95 Louisiana .............: 0.4 0.4 0.4 91 Michigan ..............: 126.1 127.3 125.8 100 Minnesota .............: 228.6 235.0 215.6 94 Mississippi ...........: 0.9 0.9 0.9 97 : Missouri ..............: 157.8 184.7 157.2 100 Montana ...............: 1.6 2.4 2.8 178 Nebraska ..............: 659.6 655.7 640.6 97 Nevada ................: 0.1 0.1 0.1 162 New England 1/ ........: 2.8 2.6 2.6 96 New Jersey ............: 4.1 4.0 4.1 99 New Mexico ............: 0.3 0.4 0.4 115 New York ..............: 3.4 2.6 2.6 75 North Carolina ........: 223.4 220.2 224.1 100 North Dakota ..........: 0.7 0.9 0.8 110 : Ohio ..................: 26.3 25.6 21.3 81 Oklahoma ..............: 110.9 115.7 110.1 99 Oregon ................: 2.3 2.3 2.3 98 Pennsylvania ..........: 133.3 130.7 127.6 96 South Carolina ........: 16.5 16.7 15.9 96 South Dakota ..........: 120.6 122.9 106.7 88 Tennessee .............: 26.1 25.2 25.3 97 Texas .................: 385.0 376.3 354.7 92 Utah ..................: 50.6 48.4 46.2 91 Virginia ..............: 1.3 1.1 1.1 79 : Washington ............: 78.8 76.7 76.0 96 West Virginia .........: 0.8 0.9 0.6 81 Wisconsin .............: 98.0 94.5 89.7 92 Wyoming ...............: 0.9 0.9 0.9 97 : United States .........: 4,617.5 4,600.5 4,376.1 95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (X) Not applicable. (Y) Less than level of precision shown. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Cattle Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head --- --- 1,000 pounds --- ---- pounds ---- : Alabama ..........: 0.9 0.9 1,033 1,061 1,136 1,139 Alaska ...........: 0.1 0.1 50 66 955 1,048 Arizona ..........: 45.2 (D) 64,897 (D) 1,439 (D) Arkansas .........: 1.0 0.8 971 848 1,014 1,122 California .......: 109.3 83.5 148,260 118,987 1,366 1,435 Colorado .........: 202.4 195.3 285,941 284,352 1,414 1,458 Delaware-Maryland : 2.8 2.1 4,026 3,085 1,442 1,436 Florida ..........: 10.2 (D) 12,789 (D) 1,259 (D) Georgia ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Hawaii ...........: 1.2 1.0 1,413 1,258 1,165 1,209 : Idaho ............: (D) 57.0 (D) 79,226 (D) 1,400 Illinois .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Indiana ..........: 5.5 8.1 6,604 10,091 1,197 1,254 Iowa .............: 47.0 42.7 65,598 60,808 1,397 1,426 Kansas ...........: 574.3 473.0 798,844 671,784 1,391 1,421 Kentucky .........: 6.2 6.3 7,172 7,477 1,158 1,192 Louisiana ........: 0.6 0.5 588 533 945 1,005 Michigan .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Mississippi ......: 0.7 0.7 766 685 1,033 1,028 : Missouri .........: 10.2 10.5 11,880 12,863 1,169 1,235 Montana ..........: 1.9 3.2 2,280 3,956 1,218 1,256 Nebraska .........: 582.0 536.2 847,214 794,698 1,457 1,484 Nevada ...........: 0.1 (D) 68 (D) 1,137 (D) New England 1/ ...: 2.9 2.8 3,527 3,435 1,229 1,248 New Jersey .......: 4.5 4.2 5,092 4,885 1,149 1,166 New Mexico .......: 0.4 0.5 477 534 1,071 1,078 New York .........: 3.9 2.6 4,829 3,326 1,256 1,264 North Carolina ...: 6.3 (D) 7,736 (D) 1,236 (D) North Dakota .....: 0.8 0.9 1,088 1,192 1,295 1,282 : Ohio .............: 6.4 5.7 8,467 7,582 1,316 1,337 Oklahoma .........: 7.2 6.8 8,431 8,144 1,182 1,204 Oregon ...........: 1.5 1.3 1,819 1,575 1,233 1,253 Pennsylvania .....: 92.8 87.9 121,958 118,767 1,320 1,356 South Carolina ...: 23.1 21.8 32,281 31,053 1,403 1,430 South Dakota .....: 39.6 27.1 58,949 42,691 1,493 1,576 Tennessee ........: 3.1 3.2 3,339 3,288 1,074 1,064 Texas ............: 465.9 423.4 629,542 575,180 1,354 1,362 Utah .............: 54.8 (D) 78,935 (D) 1,441 (D) Virginia .........: 1.6 1.2 1,687 1,324 1,075 1,107 : Washington .......: 91.0 83.8 127,864 121,287 1,408 1,452 West Virginia ....: 1.0 0.6 1,133 832 1,184 1,292 Wisconsin ........: 101.1 94.4 141,758 132,800 1,410 1,415 Wyoming ..........: 1.0 0.9 1,253 1,190 1,230 1,295 : United States ....: 2,742.9 2,449.1 3,818,735 3,474,535 1,395 1,422 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Calf Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 head -- 1,000 pounds --- pounds --- : Alabama ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Alaska ...........: (Y) (D) (X) (D) (X) (D) Arizona ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Arkansas .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California .......: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Colorado .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Delaware-Maryland : (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Florida ..........: (D) 0.1 (D) 50 (D) 427 Georgia ..........: 0.1 0.1 30 26 413 433 Hawaii ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Idaho ............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Illinois .........: 0.2 0.1 62 46 401 400 Indiana ..........: 0.5 (D) 201 (D) 385 (D) Iowa .............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Kansas ...........: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) Kentucky .........: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) Louisiana ........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Michigan .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ........: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) Mississippi ......: (D) (Y) (D) (X) (D) (X) : Missouri .........: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) Montana ..........: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) Nebraska .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Nevada ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) New England 1/ ...: 0.1 0.1 39 21 264 229 New Jersey .......: 1.4 1.6 550 629 381 388 New Mexico .......: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) New York .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) North Carolina ...: 0.1 0.1 38 22 258 360 North Dakota .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Ohio .............: 2.9 (D) 1,113 (D) 384 (D) Oklahoma .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Oregon ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Pennsylvania .....: 7.2 4.8 3,165 2,010 440 418 South Carolina ...: (Y) (D) (X) (D) (X) (D) South Dakota .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Tennessee ........: (Y) (D) (X) (D) (X) (D) Texas ............: 0.1 0.1 70 61 483 481 Utah .............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Virginia .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Washington .......: (Y) (D) (X) (D) (X) (D) West Virginia ....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Wisconsin ........: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) Wyoming ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : United States ....: 17.8 10.4 5,937 3,758 336 362 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. (Y) Less than level of precision shown. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Hog Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- --- 1,000 pounds --- --- pounds --- : Alabama ..........: 1.6 1.4 650 603 403 417 Alaska ...........: 0.1 0.1 28 16 336 261 Arizona ..........: 0.1 0.1 21 23 278 275 Arkansas .........: 0.4 0.3 92 71 220 285 California .......: 87.2 83.4 19,695 19,183 226 230 Colorado .........: 2.4 2.0 387 345 158 176 Delaware-Maryland : 1.5 1.4 407 381 270 276 Florida ..........: 4.3 2.7 578 340 135 126 Georgia ..........: 5.2 5.0 1,425 1,262 272 251 Hawaii ...........: 0.1 0.2 39 49 268 286 : Idaho ............: 12.5 11.3 3,107 2,864 250 254 Illinois .........: 1,006.8 974.2 291,028 280,479 289 288 Indiana ..........: 733.1 723.7 205,582 207,134 281 286 Iowa .............: 3,305.8 3,243.0 963,596 944,968 292 291 Kansas ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Kentucky .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Louisiana ........: 0.4 0.3 89 57 245 214 Michigan .........: 396.5 398.7 115,119 115,126 290 289 Minnesota ........: 971.8 927.2 271,966 258,047 280 278 Mississippi ......: 3.7 3.8 632 663 172 176 : Missouri .........: 688.1 690.4 202,267 200,982 294 291 Montana ..........: 0.9 1.6 245 472 268 302 Nebraska .........: 615.1 670.0 178,634 194,814 290 291 Nevada ...........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) New England 1/ ...: 2.3 2.1 634 561 277 273 New Jersey .......: 8.6 8.3 849 839 99 101 New Mexico .......: 0.2 0.1 49 35 249 268 New York .........: 1.7 1.6 429 416 247 253 North Carolina ...: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .....: 0.3 0.2 76 65 293 291 : Ohio .............: 93.9 77.8 27,614 22,119 294 285 Oklahoma .........: 473.9 478.5 139,178 139,037 294 291 Oregon ...........: 5.0 5.1 1,236 1,296 247 255 Pennsylvania .....: 280.4 272.2 78,468 74,839 280 275 South Carolina ...: 2.0 1.7 495 447 250 256 South Dakota .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Tennessee ........: 80.0 76.3 36,450 35,211 456 462 Texas ............: 23.9 23.2 4,728 4,494 198 194 Utah .............: 2.3 1.7 676 425 289 245 Virginia .........: 1.2 1.1 357 306 309 281 : Washington .......: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) West Virginia ....: 0.5 0.4 151 104 306 277 Wisconsin ........: 76.6 60.7 33,565 26,382 439 436 Wyoming ..........: 0.7 0.8 195 211 280 275 : United States ....: 10,580.8 10,397.1 3,064,152 3,005,868 290 289 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Commercial Sheep and Lamb Slaughter - States and United States: May 2024 and 2025 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Slaughtered : Total live weight : Average live weight State :-------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- -- 1,000 pounds -- --- pounds --- : Alabama ..........: (Y) 0.1 (X) 7 (X) 108 Alaska ...........: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) Arizona ..........: 0.7 0.6 81 73 118 116 Arkansas .........: 0.1 0.1 10 9 85 93 California .......: 25.3 19.8 3,700 2,960 146 150 Colorado .........: 32.5 34.0 5,544 6,045 171 178 Delaware-Maryland : 1.6 1.3 159 127 100 97 Florida ..........: 3.0 3.1 157 153 52 50 Georgia ..........: (D) 3.5 (D) 207 (D) 60 Hawaii ...........: 0.1 0.1 14 15 118 153 : Idaho ............: 0.1 0.1 18 23 152 160 Illinois .........: 7.8 6.8 633 551 81 81 Indiana ..........: 6.3 5.9 656 599 105 102 Iowa .............: 0.1 0.1 12 16 91 116 Kansas ...........: 0.4 0.2 35 20 95 92 Kentucky .........: 1.3 0.9 139 90 110 104 Louisiana ........: 0.8 0.8 44 44 57 57 Michigan .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Minnesota ........: 0.5 0.5 36 40 78 83 Mississippi ......: 0.2 0.2 11 17 64 69 : Missouri .........: 1.5 2.0 128 152 85 77 Montana ..........: 0.2 0.3 22 37 109 122 Nebraska .........: 0.1 0.1 6 6 115 113 Nevada ...........: (Y) (D) (X) (D) (X) (D) New England 1/ ...: 4.7 4.8 460 475 98 99 New Jersey .......: 15.1 15.7 1,258 1,283 83 82 New Mexico .......: 0.5 0.8 59 118 130 151 New York .........: 6.1 5.9 600 623 99 105 North Carolina ...: 3.9 6.5 235 371 60 57 North Dakota .....: (Y) (Y) (X) (X) (X) (X) : Ohio .............: 5.8 4.6 909 710 158 155 Oklahoma .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Oregon ...........: 4.0 4.3 641 720 158 166 Pennsylvania .....: 11.5 10.0 1,150 1,072 100 107 South Carolina ...: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) South Dakota .....: 0.2 0.2 25 22 137 144 Tennessee ........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Texas ............: 26.6 26.9 2,884 2,500 108 93 Utah .............: 1.5 1.1 207 154 135 137 Virginia .........: 1.8 1.1 108 69 60 63 : Washington .......: 1.5 1.3 203 179 136 138 West Virginia ....: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Wisconsin ........: 0.8 0.6 89 62 113 106 Wyoming ..........: 0.1 0.2 16 25 147 123 : United States ....: 186.5 186.2 22,526 22,644 121 122 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. (Y) Less than level of precision shown. 1/ New England includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. Livestock Slaughtered Under Federal Inspection by Class - United States [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : : January to May : : : : January to May Class : May : April : May :-----------------------: May : April : May :----------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------------------- 1,000 head -------------------- ----------------- percent of total ---------------- : Cattle : Steers ...........: 1,344.1 1,232.9 1,180.0 6,224.3 6,003.6 49.8 48.8 49.1 47.6 48.7 Heifers ..........: 852.3 845.4 787.1 4,217.8 4,035.4 31.6 33.5 32.7 32.2 32.8 All cows .........: 457.2 410.6 401.5 2,446.0 2,106.7 17.0 16.3 16.7 18.7 17.1 Dairy cows .......: 216.0 207.2 196.7 1,201.8 1,086.7 8.0 8.2 8.2 9.2 8.8 Other cows .......: 241.3 203.4 204.8 1,244.2 1,020.1 8.9 8.1 8.5 9.5 8.3 Bulls ............: 43.4 37.1 36.8 195.5 170.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 : Total ............: 2,697.0 2,526.0 2,405.5 13,083.7 12,316.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 : Calves and : vealers ...... : 17.2 9.8 10.0 93.0 53.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 : Hogs : Barrows and : gilts ..........: 10,224.9 10,476.2 10,081.9 52,398.4 51,632.9 97.1 97.4 97.4 97.2 97.4 Sows .............: 281.9 262.0 249.5 1,375.5 1,276.2 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.4 Boars ............: 27.5 22.2 22.4 122.1 111.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 : Total ............: 10,534.3 10,760.4 10,353.8 53,896.1 53,020.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 : Sheep : Mature : sheep ..........: 12.4 11.9 10.5 53.4 50.9 7.6 6.7 6.6 6.6 6.3 Lambs and : yearlings ......: 150.7 165.6 148.8 753.4 761.0 92.4 93.3 93.4 93.4 93.7 : Total ............: 163.0 177.5 159.3 806.9 812.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Federally Inspected Slaughter Average Dressed Weight by Class - United States [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : January to May Class : May : April : May :----------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : Cattle ............... : 852 877 872 844 874 Steers 1/ ...............: 922 945 942 920 948 Heifers 1/ ..............: 847 872 866 843 869 All cows 1/ .............: 645 674 669 646 669 Bulls 1/ ................: 923 933 940 895 919 : Calves and vealers ... : 199 210 215 188 195 : Hogs ................. : 215 217 216 216 217 Barrows and gilts 2/ ....: 213 215 213 214 215 Sows 2/ .................: 301 303 301 299 298 Boars 2/ ................: 224 222 224 223 222 : Sheep ................ : 63 64 64 63 64 Mature sheep 3/ .........: 64 65 65 65 66 Lambs and yearlings 3/ ..: 62 64 64 63 64 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Included in cattle average dressed weight. 2/ Included in hog average dressed weight. 3/ Included in sheep average dressed weight. Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: May 2025 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cattle : Calves Standard :----------------------------------------------------------------------- federal : : : : Cows : : regions 1/ : Total : Steers :Heifers :--------------------------: Bulls : Total : : : : All : Dairy : Other : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 2.4 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 2 ............: 6.8 2.2 2.0 2.3 1.7 0.6 0.3 2.3 3 ............: 90.0 34.2 8.8 40.9 29.7 11.2 6.2 5.0 4 ............: 54.5 5.5 2.3 41.0 11.4 29.6 5.7 0.2 5 ............: 233.8 117.1 (D) 78.0 52.3 25.7 (D) 1.5 6 ............: 424.9 187.7 144.4 83.4 25.3 58.0 9.3 (D) 7 ............:1,052.9 582.3 (D) 48.7 7.1 41.6 (D) (Y) 8 ............: 271.7 147.1 (D) 15.5 2.5 13.0 (D) (Y) 9 ............: 126.8 54.3 23.3 47.8 39.5 8.3 1.5 (D) 10 ...........: 141.6 48.7 47.5 43.5 26.9 16.5 1.9 (D) : United States :2,405.5 1,180.0 787.1 401.5 196.7 204.8 36.8 10.0 :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hogs : Sheep :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Barrows : : : Total : Mature :Lambs and : :and gilts: Sows : Boars : : sheep :yearlings :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 1.8 1.8 (Y) (Y) 4.8 0.2 4.5 2 ............: 9.9 9.8 0.1 (Y) 21.2 1.8 19.4 3 ............: 273.7 273.5 0.2 (Y) 13.6 1.5 12.1 4 ............: (D) (D) 79.3 (D) 13.7 0.9 12.8 5 ............: 3,144.6 3,041.6 97.5 5.5 28.6 1.5 27.1 6 ............: 498.4 498.3 0.1 0.1 16.6 0.9 15.7 7 ............: 4,615.8 4,531.3 72.1 12.4 2.0 (D) (D) 8 ............: (D) (D) 0.1 (D) 34.9 (D) (D) 9 ............: 79.5 79.4 (Y) (Y) 19.1 2.6 16.5 10 ...........: 17.8 17.7 (Y) (Y) 4.7 0.2 4.5 : United States :10,353.8 10,081.9 249.5 22.4 159.3 10.5 148.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (Y) Less than level of precision shown. 1/ States included in regions are as follows: 1 - Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; 2 - New Jersey, New York; 3 - Delaware-Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia; 4 - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee; 5 - Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin; 6 - Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas; 7 - Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska; 8- Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming; 9 - Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada; 10 - Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington. Federally Inspected Slaughter - Regions and United States: January to May 2025 [Data may not add to totals due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cattle : Calves Standard :----------------------------------------------------------------------- federal : : : : Cows : : regions 1/ : Total : Steers :Heifers :--------------------------: Bulls : Total : : : : All : Dairy : Other : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 12.4 5.0 3.4 2.9 1.8 1.0 1.1 0.5 2 ............: 35.5 11.2 10.4 12.7 9.8 2.9 1.2 11.4 3 ............: 459.8 165.0 45.9 220.8 162.4 58.4 28.1 24.3 4 ............: 279.9 26.5 11.5 213.0 61.9 151.1 29.0 1.2 5 ............: 1,212.7 601.0 (D) 428.8 278.9 149.8 (D) 7.8 6 ............: 2,163.7 957.0 742.2 420.4 142.2 278.2 44.1 (D) 7 ............: 5,399.4 2,981.9 (D) 237.4 27.6 209.9 (D) 0.3 8 ............: 1,386.5 715.3 (D) 94.9 26.1 68.8 (D) (Y) 9 ............: 666.5 295.1 108.9 256.7 227.3 29.3 5.8 (D) 10 ...........: 699.9 245.5 226.7 219.1 148.6 70.5 8.5 (D) : United States :12,316.2 6,003.6 4,035.4 2,106.7 1,086.7 1,020.1 170.5 53.6 :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hogs : Sheep :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total : Barrows : : : Total : Mature :Lambs and : :and gilts : Sows : Boars : : sheep :yearlings :---------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : 1 ............: 8.7 8.5 0.1 0.1 24.3 1.0 23.3 2 ............: 51.6 51.3 0.2 0.1 102.1 8.4 93.7 3 ............: 1,389.3 1,388.3 0.9 0.1 75.2 9.1 66.2 4 ............: (D) (D) 379.0 (D) 64.9 4.8 60.1 5 ............: 16,300.4 15,755.5 518.9 25.9 140.6 7.2 133.4 6 ............: 2,437.6 2,436.6 0.6 0.4 84.5 3.7 80.8 7 ............: 23,543.9 23,106.3 375.5 62.1 9.2 (D) (D) 8 ............: (D) (D) 0.8 (D) 185.9 (D) (D) 9 ............: 387.7 387.5 0.2 (Y) 102.2 12.3 89.9 10 ...........: 91.9 91.7 0.2 (Y) 23.2 0.8 22.4 : United States : 53,020.5 51,632.9 1,276.2 111.4 812.0 50.9 761.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (Y) Less than level of precision shown. 1/ States included in regions are as follows: 1 - Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; 2 - New Jersey, New York; 3 - Delaware-Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia; 4 - Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee; 5 - Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin; 6 - Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas; 7 - Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska; 8- Colorado, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming; 9 - Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada; 10 - Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington. Federally Inspected Slaughter Percent of Total Commercial Slaughter - United States -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : January to May Species : May : April : May :------------------------ : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Cattle .......: 98.3 98.2 98.2 98.2 98.2 Calves .......: 96.2 94.6 95.5 96.2 95.0 Hogs .........: 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6 99.6 Sheep ........: 87.4 86.6 85.5 87.6 87.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Terms and Definitions Used for Livestock Slaughter Estimates Average Live Weight: The weight of the whole animal, before slaughter. Excludes post-mortem condemnations. Commercial Production: Includes slaughter and meat production in federally inspected and other plants, but excludes animals slaughtered on farms. Based on packers' dressed weights. Custom-Exempt Plants: Plants that do not sell meat but operate on a custom basis only are custom-exempt. The animals and meat are not inspected, but the facilities must meet health standards. These are considered NFI plants and head kill is included in NFI totals. Dressed Weight: The weight of a chilled animal carcass. Beef with kidney knob in; veal with hide off; lamb and mutton with pluck out; pork with leaf fat and kidneys out, jowls on and head off. Dressing Percent: Usually expressed as a percentage yield of chilled carcass in relation to the weight of the live animal on hoof. For example, a live hog that weighed 200 pounds on hoof and yielded a carcass weighing 140 pounds would have a dressing percentage of 70. Federally Inspected (FI) Plants: Plants that transport meat interstate must employ federal inspectors to assure compliance with USDA standards. Any state whose commercial plants operate entirely under federal inspection may still have custom-exempt establishments for which NFI estimates are made. Food and Meat Inspection: Includes examination, checking, or testing of a carcass and/or meat against established government standards and involves checking the facility for cleanliness, health of animals, or parts of animals and quality of the meat produced. Non-Federally Inspected (NFI) Plants: Plants which sell and transport only intrastate. State inspectors assure compliance with individual state standards for these NFI plants. Mobile slaughtering units are excluded and are considered farm slaughter. Number of Head: Includes post-mortem condemnations. Plant, Slaughter: An establishment where animals are killed and butchered. Red Meat: Red meat production is the carcass weight after slaughter excluding condemnation and is comprised of beef, veal, pork, and lamb and mutton. The FI red meat production is equal to the total carcass weight after slaughter. The NFI meat production formula is (NFI head kill) X (live weight) X (FI dressing percentage) = NFI red meat production. Slaughter: Killing and butchering of animals primarily for food. Slaughter, Farm: Animals slaughtered on farms primarily for home consumption. Excludes custom slaughter for farmers at commercial establishments, but includes mobile slaughtering on farms. These estimates appear only in the annual slaughter release. Talmedge-Aiken (TA) Plants: Slaughter plants in which USDA is responsible for inspection. However, federal inspection is carried out by State employees. These plants are considered to be federally inspected. Total Live Weight: The total weight of live animals, before slaughter. Excludes post-mortem condemnations. Wholesome Meat Act: Legislation that specifies that all meat produced for sale in the United States must be inspected. Meat that is transported interstate must be inspected in compliance with Federal (USDA) Standards. Statistical Methodology Data Sources: Primary data for the Livestock Slaughter publication are obtained from electronic reports completed by inspectors from the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), USDA, which provide daily counts of animals slaughtered in Federally Inspected (FI) plants, in addition to total live and dressed weights. These counts are combined with data from State-administered Non-Federally Inspected (NFI) slaughter plants to derive total commercial slaughter estimates. There are approximately 1,100 livestock slaughter plants in the United States operating under Federal Inspection and about 1,825 Non-Federally Inspected (State-inspected or custom-exempt) slaughter plants. Slaughter from State- inspected Talmedge-Aiken plants is included in FI totals (see Terms and Definitions, page 14). To prevent duplication in reporting between FI and NFI plants and assure all FI plants are included, certificates prepared by FSIS identifying operating status are constantly monitored. Revision Policy: Number of head slaughtered, live weights, and dressed weights are subject to revision the following month after the monthly release. Annual totals are published in the slaughter summary each April which includes any revisions made to current and previous year's published data. Revisions are generally the result of late reports received from slaughter plants and are usually less than one-half of one percent. No revisions will be made to the previous year's data after the publication of the annual summary in April. Procedures and Reliability: The livestock slaughter data is obtained electronically on a daily basis and summarized approximately two weeks after the week of slaughter. A computer program compares each plant's data with the historical data for that plant. Data are checked for unusual values for head kill, patterns of kill, average weights, and dressing percent, based on each plant's past operating profile. In addition, the computer program provides a listing of missing reports for follow-up contact with FSIS. Average live and dressed weights and dressing percentages by State are compared with the previous weeks as an additional check. Fluctuations are frequently the result of plants permanently or temporarily closing and a shift in the species reported. The FSIS District Veterinary Medical Specialists (DVMS) are contacted by e- mail or telephone for missing or potentially erroneous slaughter data. This assures that plants slaughtering a large number of head or several species are accounted for each week. Any corrections FSIS makes to the slaughter data are included in the summary. Computer imputation may be necessary for incomplete reports. The imputation of live and dressed weights is based on the current week reported data of plants of similar size and location. Imputation for live and dressed weight data for cattle and hogs is less than 10 percent and 7 percent, respectively. The imputation for calves and sheep is more frequent and variable. If no data is received electronically or by other means, for plants slaughtering fewer than 50 total head weekly of only one species, data are imputed. The imputation of head for any plant is based on the historical data for that particular plant. The imputation of head slaughtered is rare but when necessary, the imputed head kill for missing plants usually is less than 1 percent of the United States head kill totals. FI data are summarized weekly and accumulated to a monthly total for this release. These weekly totals are published by USDA's Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) in Livestock, Meat, Wool Market News, Weekly Summary, and statistics are also available on the NASS website. NFI data are summarized monthly only. Livestock slaughter estimates are based on a census of operating plants and therefore, have no sampling error. However, they may be subject to non- sampling errors such as omissions, duplications and mistakes in reporting, recording and processing the data. These errors are minimized through rigid quality controls in the computer edit program and summarization process, and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. No data are published when an individual plant's data could be divulged. If not published, as indicated with a (D), these data are still included in United States and region totals. A review of the data is made annually to determine the publishable data. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ................. (202) 692-0069 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter .............. (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed, Dairy Products .. (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows............. (202) 720-3278 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs ....................... (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ................... (202) 720-4448 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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