Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released June 26, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up Slightly United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on June 1, 2025 was 75.1 million head. This was up slightly from June 1, 2024, and up 1 percent from March 1, 2025. Breeding inventory, at 5.98 million head, was down slightly from last year, and down slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 69.2 million head, was up slightly from last year, and up 1 percent from last quarter. The March-May 2025 pig crop, at 34.2 million head, was up 1 percent from 2024. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.91 million head, down slightly from 2024. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.75 for the March-May period, compared to 11.56 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 2.97 million sows farrow during the June-August 2025 quarter, down slightly from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 2 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for September-November 2025, at 2.95 million sows, are up 1 percent from the same period one year earlier, but down 1 percent from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 53 percent of the total United States hog inventory, up 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for June 2024 through March 2025 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the March 2025 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.3 percent. The net revision made to the December 2024 all hogs and pigs inventory was 1.0 percent. A net revision of 1.0 percent was made to the September 2024-November 2024 pig crop. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on June 26, 2025. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Cynthia Nickerson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2024 and 2025................. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2023-2025................................... 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2024 and 2025..... 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025................... 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025........................ 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025.................... 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025......................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024............... 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024.................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024................ 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024..................... 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2024 and 2025.. 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2024 and 2025.......... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2023-2025............ 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2023-2025..... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates..................................................................... 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present........................................................ 13 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2025 as Item : 2024 : 2025 : percent : : : of 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,691 74,747 100 Kept for breeding...................: 6,016 5,980 99 Market..............................: 68,676 68,767 100 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,369 21,301 100 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,113 19,032 100 120-179 pounds......................: 15,754 15,865 101 180 pounds and over.................: 12,440 12,569 101 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,891 75,137 100 Kept for breeding...................: 6,008 5,979 100 Market..............................: 68,884 69,158 100 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,279 21,536 101 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,398 19,421 100 120-179 pounds......................: 15,190 15,260 100 180 pounds and over.................: 13,017 12,941 99 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,490 Kept for breeding...................: 6,044 Market..............................: 69,447 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 22,194 50-119 pounds.......................: 20,132 120-179 pounds......................: 14,447 180 pounds and over.................: 12,674 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,075 Kept for breeding...................: 6,004 Market..............................: 69,071 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,644 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,166 120-179 pounds......................: 14,784 180 pounds and over.................: 13,477 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2023-2025 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2025 as percent of : : : :------------------------- Item : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing : December-February ......: 2,952 2,929 2,892 98 99 March-May ..............: 2,941 2,920 2,907 99 100 December-May 1/ ........: 5,893 5,848 5,800 98 99 : June-August 2/ .........: 3,026 2,985 2,974 98 100 September-November 2/ ..: 2,962 2,925 2,946 99 101 June-November 1/ 2/ ....: 5,988 5,910 5,920 99 100 : Pig crop : December-February ......: 32,537 33,756 33,701 104 100 March-May ..............: 33,414 33,743 34,171 102 101 December-May 1/ ........: 65,951 67,499 67,873 103 101 : June-August ............: 35,134 34,981 September-November .....: 34,537 34,875 June-November 1/ .......: 69,671 69,856 : : : ------------ number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter : December-February ......: 11.02 11.53 11.65 106 101 March-May ..............: 11.36 11.56 11.75 103 102 December-May ...........: 11.19 11.54 11.70 105 101 : June-August ............: 11.61 11.72 September-November .....: 11.66 11.92 June-November ..........: 11.64 11.82 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2025. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2024 and 2025 [December preceding year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December........: 987 980 11.57 11.71 11,430 11,483 January.........: 972 973 11.52 11.56 11,200 11,249 February........: 969 939 11.49 11.69 11,126 10,969 March...........: 986 979 11.51 11.71 11,350 11,471 April...........: 969 967 11.49 11.73 11,134 11,347 May.............: 964 961 11.68 11.82 11,259 11,354 June............: 1,024 11.71 11,987 July............: 984 11.72 11,530 August..........: 977 11.73 11,464 September.......: 987 11.83 11,681 October.........: 974 11.95 11,636 November........: 964 11.99 11,558 : Total...........: 11,758 11.68 137,355 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2025 as: : :2025 as: : :2025 as : 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent : : :of 2024: : :of 2024: : :of 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 170 (NA) (NA) 440 (NA) (NA) 610 (NA) (NA) Illinois ........: 670 640 96 4,930 4,960 101 5,600 5,600 100 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,100 99 4,400 4,350 99 Iowa ............: 820 860 105 24,380 23,540 97 25,200 24,400 97 Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,815 1,790 99 1,990 1,960 98 Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,075 1,040 97 1,190 1,150 97 Minnesota .......: 480 480 100 8,620 8,720 101 9,100 9,200 101 Missouri ........: 425 420 99 2,825 3,030 107 3,250 3,450 106 Nebraska ........: 400 410 103 3,350 3,140 94 3,750 3,550 95 North Carolina ..: 760 770 101 6,640 7,330 110 7,400 8,100 109 : Ohio ............: 180 190 106 2,320 2,410 104 2,500 2,600 104 Oklahoma ........: 470 440 94 1,600 1,660 104 2,070 2,100 101 Pennsylvania ....: 150 145 97 1,310 1,325 101 1,460 1,470 101 South Dakota ....: 325 330 102 1,975 1,910 97 2,300 2,240 97 Texas ...........: 135 150 111 905 1,030 114 1,040 1,180 113 Utah ............: 35 (NA) (NA) 55 (NA) (NA) 90 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 456 615 135 2,286 2,782 122 2,741 3,397 124 : United States ...: 6,016 5,980 99 68,676 68,767 100 74,691 74,747 100 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 230 (NA) 80 (NA) 55 (NA) 75 (NA) Illinois ........: 1,510 1,450 1,560 1,590 1,140 1,150 720 770 Indiana .........: 1,070 1,070 1,250 1,210 1,030 960 800 860 Iowa ............: 6,030 5,830 7,550 7,140 6,160 6,120 4,640 4,450 Kansas ..........: 480 440 425 440 385 395 525 515 Michigan ........: 330 310 295 275 220 220 230 235 Minnesota .......: 2,830 2,870 2,580 2,780 2,010 1,960 1,200 1,110 Missouri ........: 1,245 1,285 585 600 660 705 335 440 Nebraska ........: 1,135 1,040 930 840 780 750 505 510 North Carolina ..: 2,600 2,850 1,460 1,580 1,350 1,520 1,230 1,380 : Ohio ............: 680 680 600 610 520 540 520 580 Oklahoma ........: 800 810 270 335 200 220 330 295 Pennsylvania ....: 360 350 395 435 300 300 255 240 South Dakota ....: 815 800 435 390 350 335 375 385 Texas ...........: 270 310 220 250 170 175 245 295 Utah ............: 35 (NA) 6 (NA) 7 (NA) 7 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 949 1,206 472 557 417 515 448 504 : United States ...: 21,369 21,301 19,113 19,032 15,754 15,865 12,440 12,569 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2025 as: : :2025 as: : :2025 as : 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent : : :of 2024: : :of 2024: : :of 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 165 (NA) (NA) 485 (NA) (NA) 650 (NA) (NA) Illinois ........: 660 640 97 5,090 5,110 100 5,750 5,750 100 Indiana .........: 250 260 104 4,150 4,190 101 4,400 4,450 101 Iowa ............: 820 870 106 23,880 23,830 100 24,700 24,700 100 Kansas ..........: 170 160 94 1,850 1,760 95 2,020 1,920 95 Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,105 1,050 95 1,220 1,160 95 Minnesota .......: 500 490 98 8,900 8,810 99 9,400 9,300 99 Missouri ........: 415 410 99 2,935 3,090 105 3,350 3,500 104 Nebraska ........: 390 440 113 3,210 3,110 97 3,600 3,550 99 North Carolina ..: 770 760 99 6,830 7,040 103 7,600 7,800 103 : Ohio ............: 180 180 100 2,320 2,420 104 2,500 2,600 104 Oklahoma ........: 480 440 92 1,610 1,640 102 2,090 2,080 100 Pennsylvania ....: 145 130 90 1,295 1,310 101 1,440 1,440 100 South Dakota ....: 335 320 96 1,935 1,920 99 2,270 2,240 99 Texas ...........: 130 150 115 960 1,020 106 1,090 1,170 107 Utah ............: 35 (NA) (NA) 75 (NA) (NA) 110 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 448 619 138 2,254 2,858 127 2,701 3,477 129 : United States ...: 6,008 5,979 100 68,884 69,158 100 74,891 75,137 100 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 240 (NA) 100 (NA) 70 (NA) 75 (NA) Illinois ........: 1,530 1,475 1,640 1,685 1,140 1,180 780 770 Indiana .........: 1,050 1,090 1,230 1,270 970 980 900 850 Iowa ............: 6,150 5,990 7,420 7,540 5,680 5,630 4,630 4,670 Kansas ..........: 460 430 440 430 390 390 560 510 Michigan ........: 340 320 295 275 235 225 235 230 Minnesota .......: 2,790 2,840 2,820 2,790 1,860 1,930 1,430 1,250 Missouri ........: 1,260 1,315 620 590 665 720 390 465 Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,050 860 810 730 750 610 500 North Carolina ..: 2,620 2,860 1,460 1,510 1,450 1,330 1,300 1,340 : Ohio ............: 640 660 610 610 520 570 550 580 Oklahoma ........: 770 800 330 330 210 215 300 295 Pennsylvania ....: 370 360 395 415 300 305 230 230 South Dakota ....: 815 815 425 380 340 340 355 385 Texas ...........: 285 315 260 245 195 170 220 290 Utah ............: 53 (NA) 7 (NA) 8 (NA) 7 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 896 1,216 486 541 427 525 445 576 : United States ...: 21,279 21,536 19,398 19,421 15,190 15,260 13,017 12,941 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 140 100 460 460 100 600 600 100 Illinois ........: 670 650 97 4,780 4,850 101 5,450 5,500 101 Indiana .........: 270 250 93 4,280 4,200 98 4,550 4,450 98 Iowa ............: 900 830 92 24,000 24,370 102 24,900 25,200 101 Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,805 1,790 99 1,980 1,960 99 Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,165 1,060 91 1,280 1,170 91 Minnesota .......: 510 520 102 8,590 8,580 100 9,100 9,100 100 Missouri ........: 420 420 100 2,980 2,980 100 3,400 3,400 100 Nebraska ........: 410 420 102 3,390 3,180 94 3,800 3,600 95 North Carolina ..: 800 780 98 7,300 7,320 100 8,100 8,100 100 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,500 2,410 96 2,700 2,600 96 Oklahoma ........: 460 470 102 1,790 1,640 92 2,250 2,110 94 Pennsylvania ....: 145 155 107 1,295 1,315 102 1,440 1,470 102 South Dakota ....: 320 320 100 1,890 1,940 103 2,210 2,260 102 Texas ...........: 160 150 94 1,050 980 93 1,210 1,130 93 Utah ............: 30 35 117 260 70 27 290 105 36 : Other States 1/ .: 454 434 96 2,224 2,302 103 2,678 2,735 102 : United States ...: 6,179 6,044 98 69,759 69,447 100 75,938 75,490 99 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 210 220 100 95 65 55 85 90 Illinois ........: 1,395 1,440 1,495 1,570 1,090 1,110 800 730 Indiana .........: 1,100 1,160 1,300 1,170 1,000 990 880 880 Iowa ............: 6,430 6,540 8,140 8,130 5,230 5,280 4,200 4,420 Kansas ..........: 490 460 420 450 355 380 540 500 Michigan ........: 355 320 320 305 240 215 250 220 Minnesota .......: 2,960 2,880 2,790 2,800 1,710 1,650 1,130 1,250 Missouri ........: 1,280 1,270 600 585 680 675 420 450 Nebraska ........: 1,130 1,030 960 870 720 690 580 590 North Carolina ..: 2,990 2,930 1,570 1,570 1,390 1,400 1,350 1,420 : Ohio ............: 760 700 650 630 530 520 560 560 Oklahoma ........: 875 790 385 335 240 220 290 295 Pennsylvania ....: 370 380 410 425 310 305 205 205 South Dakota ....: 780 815 410 420 320 345 380 360 Texas ...........: 370 320 300 275 150 165 230 220 Utah ............: 95 48 60 7 50 8 55 7 : Other States 1/ .: 857 891 495 495 412 439 460 477 : United States ...: 22,447 22,194 20,405 20,132 14,492 14,447 12,415 12,674 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 145 104 460 395 86 600 540 90 Illinois ........: 630 630 100 4,870 4,870 100 5,500 5,500 100 Indiana .........: 270 250 93 4,230 4,150 98 4,500 4,400 98 Iowa ............: 750 830 111 24,250 23,470 97 25,000 24,300 97 Kansas ..........: 170 165 97 1,800 1,845 103 1,970 2,010 102 Kentucky ........: 50 50 100 425 415 98 475 465 98 Michigan ........: 115 105 91 1,165 1,065 91 1,280 1,170 91 Minnesota .......: 510 480 94 8,790 8,820 100 9,300 9,300 100 Missouri ........: 430 440 102 2,670 3,060 115 3,100 3,500 113 Nebraska ........: 400 430 108 3,400 3,120 92 3,800 3,550 93 : North Carolina ..: 780 770 99 7,120 7,430 104 7,900 8,200 104 Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,410 2,500 104 2,600 2,700 104 Oklahoma ........: 485 450 93 1,635 1,670 102 2,120 2,120 100 Pennsylvania ....: 160 160 100 1,300 1,360 105 1,460 1,520 104 South Dakota ....: 345 320 93 1,955 1,920 98 2,300 2,240 97 Texas ...........: 150 150 100 990 1,020 103 1,140 1,170 103 Utah ............: 30 (NA) (NA) 175 (NA) (NA) 205 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 394 429 109 1,818 1,961 108 2,211 2,390 108 : United States ...: 5,999 6,004 100 69,463 69,071 99 75,461 75,075 99 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 205 200 100 70 65 50 90 75 Illinois ........: 1,455 1,400 1,530 1,600 1,070 1,140 815 730 Indiana .........: 1,080 1,035 1,260 1,240 960 930 930 945 Iowa ............: 6,310 6,080 7,480 7,210 5,700 5,460 4,760 4,720 Kansas ..........: 450 470 420 445 360 370 570 560 Kentucky .......: 139 119 97 93 67 98 122 105 Michigan ........: 340 330 305 280 250 220 270 235 Minnesota .......: 2,890 2,890 2,660 2,780 1,730 1,750 1,510 1,400 Missouri ........: 1,160 1,380 490 550 630 670 390 460 Nebraska ........: 1,130 1,040 890 810 770 710 610 560 : North Carolina ..: 2,760 2,850 1,520 1,620 1,370 1,420 1,470 1,540 Ohio ............: 710 730 550 635 520 550 630 585 Oklahoma ........: 740 820 345 325 210 235 340 290 Pennsylvania ....: 355 375 410 435 280 290 255 260 South Dakota ....: 790 790 420 415 350 345 395 370 Texas ...........: 270 305 270 270 170 180 280 265 Utah ............: 55 (NA) 40 (NA) 40 (NA) 40 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 732 830 367 388 366 366 352 377 : United States ...: 21,571 21,644 19,154 19,166 14,908 14,784 13,829 13,477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2024 and 2025 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2025 as State : 2024 : 2025 : percent : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : percent : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ----- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 64 (NA) (NA) 10.00 (NA) 640 (NA) (NA) Illinois ...........: 310 295 95 11.00 11.60 3,410 3,422 100 Indiana ............: 120 124 103 11.30 11.20 1,356 1,389 102 Iowa ...............: 440 445 101 11.80 11.60 5,192 5,162 99 Kansas .............: 85 87 102 11.55 11.90 982 1,035 105 Michigan ...........: 52 52 100 11.40 10.95 593 569 96 Minnesota ..........: 270 245 91 12.20 12.25 3,294 3,001 91 Missouri ...........: 220 225 102 11.30 11.90 2,486 2,678 108 Nebraska ...........: 190 180 95 12.10 11.80 2,299 2,124 92 North Carolina .....: 400 385 96 11.15 11.50 4,460 4,428 99 : Ohio ...............: 91 100 110 11.45 11.20 1,042 1,120 107 Oklahoma ...........: 185 185 100 10.90 10.90 2,017 2,017 100 Pennsylvania .......: 46 52 113 11.80 11.50 543 598 110 South Dakota .......: 161 160 99 12.80 13.25 2,061 2,120 103 Texas ..............: 67 63 94 11.70 11.60 784 731 93 Utah ...............: 12 (NA) (NA) 11.90 (NA) 143 (NA) (NA) : Other States 2/ ....: 216 294 137 11.39 11.24 2,454 3,307 135 : United States ......: 2,929 2,892 99 11.53 11.65 33,756 33,701 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2025 as : 2024 : 2025 : percent : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : percent : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ----- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 73 (NA) (NA) 10.20 (NA) 745 (NA) (NA) Illinois ...........: 295 300 102 11.15 11.75 3,289 3,525 107 Indiana ............: 120 120 100 11.55 11.35 1,386 1,362 98 Iowa ...............: 430 450 105 11.95 11.90 5,139 5,355 104 Kansas .............: 87 85 98 11.60 11.95 1,009 1,016 101 Michigan ...........: 54 52 96 11.30 11.35 610 590 97 Minnesota ..........: 270 260 96 12.25 12.15 3,308 3,159 95 Missouri ...........: 220 215 98 11.20 12.00 2,464 2,580 105 Nebraska ...........: 175 180 103 11.90 11.95 2,083 2,151 103 North Carolina .....: 400 385 96 11.35 11.80 4,540 4,543 100 : Ohio ...............: 92 95 103 11.20 10.95 1,030 1,040 101 Oklahoma ...........: 190 185 97 11.10 10.90 2,109 2,017 96 Pennsylvania .......: 48 58 121 12.00 11.40 576 661 115 South Dakota .......: 164 165 101 12.90 12.90 2,116 2,129 101 Texas ..............: 64 63 98 11.10 11.10 710 699 98 Utah ...............: 16 (NA) (NA) 9.70 (NA) 155 (NA) (NA) : Other States 2/ ....: 222 294 133 11.16 11.37 2,474 3,344 135 : United States ......: 2,920 2,907 100 11.56 11.75 33,743 34,171 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2023-2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 2/ : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 63 66 (NA) (NA) 10.40 11.10 655 733 112 Illinois ...........: 290 295 300 102 11.60 11.50 3,364 3,393 101 Indiana ............: 130 123 140 114 11.50 12.00 1,495 1,476 99 Iowa ...............: 480 460 475 103 11.80 11.95 5,664 5,497 97 Kansas .............: 85 86 78 91 11.20 11.90 952 1,023 107 Michigan ...........: 53 52 54 104 11.10 11.20 588 582 99 Minnesota ..........: 270 280 265 95 12.10 12.10 3,267 3,388 104 Missouri ...........: 225 215 220 102 12.20 11.20 2,745 2,408 88 Nebraska ...........: 185 190 190 100 11.80 11.70 2,183 2,223 102 North Carolina .....: 420 410 395 96 11.30 11.60 4,746 4,756 100 : Ohio ...............: 100 99 93 94 11.50 11.10 1,150 1,099 96 Oklahoma ...........: 205 205 190 93 11.00 11.15 2,255 2,286 101 Pennsylvania .......: 52 50 52 104 11.60 12.10 603 605 100 South Dakota .......: 148 156 166 106 12.60 13.20 1,865 2,059 110 Texas ..............: 82 68 64 94 11.40 11.20 935 762 81 Utah ...............: 15 16 (NA) (NA) 11.00 11.30 165 181 110 : Other States 3/ ....: 223 214 292 136 11.22 11.72 2,502 2,510 100 : United States ......: 3,026 2,985 2,974 100 11.61 11.72 35,134 34,981 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2023-2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 2/ : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ----- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 62 62 (NA) (NA) 10.50 11.20 651 694 107 Illinois ...........: 295 290 300 103 11.40 11.85 3,363 3,437 102 Indiana ............: 125 122 135 111 11.70 11.90 1,463 1,452 99 Iowa ...............: 455 475 475 100 11.80 11.60 5,369 5,510 103 Kansas .............: 83 86 81 94 11.35 11.85 942 1,019 108 Michigan ...........: 57 52 53 102 11.40 11.40 650 593 91 Minnesota ..........: 280 240 260 108 12.05 12.55 3,374 3,012 89 Missouri ...........: 210 225 215 96 11.70 12.20 2,457 2,745 112 Nebraska ...........: 185 190 190 100 11.85 11.90 2,192 2,261 103 North Carolina .....: 410 390 380 97 11.55 12.20 4,736 4,758 100 : Ohio ...............: 98 95 93 98 11.20 11.60 1,098 1,102 100 Oklahoma ...........: 200 200 180 90 11.20 11.25 2,240 2,250 100 Pennsylvania .......: 49 47 55 117 11.90 11.50 583 541 93 South Dakota .......: 154 157 163 104 12.70 13.20 1,956 2,072 106 Texas ..............: 72 64 68 106 12.00 12.20 864 781 90 Utah ...............: 13 (NA) (NA) (NA) 11.00 (NA) 143 (NA) (NA) : Other States 3/ ....: 214 230 298 130 11.50 11.51 2,456 2,648 108 : United States ......: 2,962 2,925 2,946 101 11.66 11.92 34,537 34,875 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of 4,476 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of June 2025, data were collected from about 2,800 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of June 1, 2025. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 75.1 million head by more than 1.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.6 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs.............: 1.5 2.6 901 120 2,350 12 8 : Pig crop......................: 1.7 2.9 468 0 1,211 11 8 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.2 3.8 50 2 189 13 7 : First intentions ...........: 2.2 3.8 53 2 182 9 11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1.....................: 76,104 2020 1988 June 1......................: 77,514 2020 1964 September 1.................: 78,963 2019 1988 December 1..................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1.....................: 69,629 2020 1988 June 1......................: 71,038 2020 1964 September 1.................: 72,503 2019 1988 December 1..................: 70,846 2020 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 34,919 2020 1970 March-May...................: 34,595 2019 1970 June-August.................: 36,370 2019 1970 September-November..........: 34,987 2020 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 11.65 2025 1970 March-May...................: 11.75 2025 1970 June-August.................: 11.72 2024 1970 September-November..........: 11.92 2024 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ...... (202) 692-0069 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ... (202) 690-8632 Tiffany Byrne - Dairy Products............. (651) 440-7789 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed........ (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows.. (202) 720-3278 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs ............ (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ........ (202) 720-4448 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. 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