Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released September 25, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Down 1 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on September 1, 2025 was 74.5 million head. This was down 1 percent from September 1, 2024, but up 1 percent from June 1, 2025. Breeding inventory, at 5.93 million head, was down 2 percent from last year, and down slightly from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 68.5 million head, was down 1 percent from last year, but up 1 percent from last quarter. The June-August 2025 pig crop, at 34.1 million head, was down 3 percent from 2024. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.88 million head, down 3 percent from 2024. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 48 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.82 for the June-August period, compared to 11.72 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 2.86 million sows farrow during the September-November 2025 quarter, down 2 percent from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 4 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for December 2025- February 2026, at 2.82 million sows, are down slightly from the same period one year earlier, and down 4 percent from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 52 percent of the total United States hog inventory, down 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for September 2024 through June 2025 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the June 2025 all hogs and pigs inventory was 1.9 percent. A revision of 1.8 percent was made to the March 2025-May 2025 pig crop. A net revision of 0.7 percent was made to the March 2025 all hogs and pigs inventory. The net revision made to the December 2024-February 2025 pig crop was 2.1 percent. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on September 25, 2025. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Cynthia Nickerson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2024 and 2025................... 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2023-2026..................................... 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2024 and 2025....... 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025..................... 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025.......................... 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025...................... 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025........................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2024 and 2025................. 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2024 and 2025...................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024.................. 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024....................... 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2024-2026 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2024 and 2025............ 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2024 and 2025.......... 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2023-2025....... 11 Statistical Methodology...................................................................................... 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates....................................................................... 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present.......................................................... 13 Information Contacts......................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2025 as Item : 2024 : 2025 : percent : : : of 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,691 73,997 99 Kept for breeding...................: 6,016 5,980 99 Market..............................: 68,676 68,017 99 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,369 20,811 97 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,113 18,772 98 120-179 pounds......................: 15,754 15,865 101 180 pounds and over.................: 12,440 12,569 101 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,891 73,717 98 Kept for breeding...................: 6,008 5,949 99 Market..............................: 68,884 67,768 98 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,279 21,136 99 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,398 19,141 99 120-179 pounds......................: 15,190 14,830 98 180 pounds and over.................: 13,017 12,661 97 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,490 74,472 99 Kept for breeding...................: 6,044 5,934 98 Market..............................: 69,447 68,538 99 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 22,194 21,662 98 50-119 pounds.......................: 20,132 19,667 98 120-179 pounds......................: 14,447 14,498 100 180 pounds and over.................: 12,674 12,711 100 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,075 Kept for breeding...................: 6,004 Market..............................: 69,071 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,644 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,166 120-179 pounds......................: 14,784 180 pounds and over.................: 13,477 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2023-2026 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 2025 as percent of : 2026 as Item : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2026 :-------------------------: percent : : : : : 2023 : 2024 : of 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 head ---------------- ---------- percent ---------- Sows farrowing ...........: December-February 2/ ...: 2,952 2,929 2,831 2,824 96 97 100 March-May ..............: 2,941 2,920 2,855 97 98 December-May 1/ ........: 5,893 5,848 5,687 97 97 : June-August ............: 3,026 2,985 2,883 95 97 September-November 3/ ..: 2,962 2,925 2,855 96 98 June-November 1/ 4/ ....: 5,988 5,910 5,738 96 97 : Pig crop .................: December-February ......: 32,537 33,756 32,989 101 98 March-May ..............: 33,414 33,743 33,550 100 99 December-May 1/ ........: 65,951 67,499 66,540 101 99 : June-August ............: 35,134 34,981 34,078 97 97 September-November ....: 34,537 34,875 June-November 1/ .......: 69,671 69,856 : : : ------------------ number ----------------- ---------- percent ---------- : Pigs per litter ..........: December-February ......: 11.02 11.53 11.65 106 101 March-May ..............: 11.36 11.56 11.75 103 102 December-May ...........: 11.19 11.54 11.70 105 101 : June-August ............: 11.61 11.72 11.82 102 101 September-November .....: 11.66 11.92 June-November ..........: 11.64 11.82 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2026. 3/ Intentions for 2025. 4/ Actual farrowings for June-August plus intentions for September-November. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2024 and 2025 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December........: 987 957 11.57 11.71 11,430 11,207 January.........: 972 949 11.52 11.56 11,200 10,968 February........: 969 925 11.49 11.69 11,126 10,814 March...........: 986 962 11.51 11.71 11,350 11,263 April...........: 969 950 11.49 11.73 11,134 11,143 May.............: 964 943 11.68 11.82 11,259 11,144 June............: 1,024 981 11.71 11.75 11,987 11,527 July............: 984 957 11.72 11.84 11,530 11,330 August..........: 977 945 11.73 11.87 11,464 11,221 September.......: 987 11.83 11,681 October.........: 974 11.95 11,636 November........: 964 11.99 11,558 : Total...........: 11,758 11.68 137,355 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2025 as: : :2025 as: : :2025 as : 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent : : :of 2024: : :of 2024: : :of 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 170 (NA) (NA) 440 (NA) (NA) 610 (NA) (NA) Illinois ........: 670 640 96 4,930 4,910 100 5,600 5,550 99 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,050 98 4,400 4,300 98 Iowa ............: 820 860 105 24,380 23,340 96 25,200 24,200 96 Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,815 1,780 98 1,990 1,950 98 Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,075 1,030 96 1,190 1,140 96 Minnesota .......: 480 480 100 8,620 8,520 99 9,100 9,000 99 Missouri ........: 425 420 99 2,825 2,980 105 3,250 3,400 105 Nebraska ........: 400 410 103 3,350 3,090 92 3,750 3,500 93 North Carolina ..: 760 770 101 6,640 7,230 109 7,400 8,000 108 : Ohio ............: 180 190 106 2,320 2,410 104 2,500 2,600 104 Oklahoma ........: 470 440 94 1,600 1,650 103 2,070 2,090 101 Pennsylvania ....: 150 145 97 1,310 1,325 101 1,460 1,470 101 South Dakota ....: 325 330 102 1,975 1,900 96 2,300 2,230 97 Texas ...........: 135 150 111 905 1,030 114 1,040 1,180 113 Utah ............: 35 (NA) (NA) 55 (NA) (NA) 90 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 456 615 135 2,286 2,772 121 2,741 3,387 124 : United States ...: 6,016 5,980 99 68,676 68,017 99 74,691 73,997 99 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2024 and 2025 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 230 (NA) 80 (NA) 55 (NA) 75 (NA) Illinois ........: 1,510 1,410 1,560 1,580 1,140 1,150 720 770 Indiana .........: 1,070 1,020 1,250 1,210 1,030 960 800 860 Iowa ............: 6,030 5,720 7,550 7,050 6,160 6,120 4,640 4,450 Kansas ..........: 480 440 425 430 385 390 525 520 Michigan ........: 330 300 295 275 220 220 230 235 Minnesota .......: 2,830 2,745 2,580 2,680 2,010 1,960 1,200 1,135 Missouri ........: 1,245 1,285 585 600 660 675 335 420 Nebraska ........: 1,135 1,000 930 830 780 750 505 510 North Carolina ..: 2,600 2,780 1,460 1,550 1,350 1,520 1,230 1,380 : Ohio ............: 680 680 600 610 520 550 520 570 Oklahoma ........: 800 785 270 335 200 220 330 310 Pennsylvania ....: 360 360 395 410 300 300 255 255 South Dakota ....: 815 790 435 405 350 340 375 365 Texas ...........: 270 310 220 250 170 195 245 275 Utah ............: 35 (NA) 6 (NA) 7 (NA) 7 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 949 1,186 472 557 417 515 448 514 : United States ...: 21,369 20,811 19,113 18,772 15,754 15,865 12,440 12,569 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2025 as: : :2025 as: : :2025 as : 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent : : :of 2024: : :of 2024: : :of 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 165 (NA) (NA) 485 (NA) (NA) 650 (NA) (NA) Illinois ........: 660 640 97 5,090 5,010 98 5,750 5,650 98 Indiana .........: 250 260 104 4,150 4,090 99 4,400 4,350 99 Iowa ............: 820 870 106 23,880 23,430 98 24,700 24,300 98 Kansas ..........: 170 160 94 1,850 1,760 95 2,020 1,920 95 Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,105 1,040 94 1,220 1,150 94 Minnesota .......: 500 490 98 8,900 8,510 96 9,400 9,000 96 Missouri ........: 415 410 99 2,935 2,990 102 3,350 3,400 101 Nebraska ........: 390 420 108 3,210 3,030 94 3,600 3,450 96 North Carolina ..: 770 760 99 6,830 6,840 100 7,600 7,600 100 : Ohio ............: 180 180 100 2,320 2,370 102 2,500 2,550 102 Oklahoma ........: 480 440 92 1,610 1,630 101 2,090 2,070 99 Pennsylvania ....: 145 120 83 1,295 1,300 100 1,440 1,420 99 South Dakota ....: 335 320 96 1,935 1,920 99 2,270 2,240 99 Texas ...........: 130 150 115 960 1,000 104 1,090 1,150 106 Utah ............: 35 (NA) (NA) 75 (NA) (NA) 110 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 448 619 138 2,254 2,848 126 2,701 3,467 128 : United States ...: 6,008 5,949 99 68,884 67,768 98 74,891 73,717 98 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2024 and 2025 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 240 (NA) 100 (NA) 70 (NA) 75 (NA) Illinois ........: 1,530 1,465 1,640 1,655 1,140 1,120 780 770 Indiana .........: 1,050 1,040 1,230 1,240 970 960 900 850 Iowa ............: 6,150 5,960 7,420 7,420 5,680 5,500 4,630 4,550 Kansas ..........: 460 440 440 435 390 370 560 515 Michigan ........: 340 310 295 275 235 225 235 230 Minnesota .......: 2,790 2,750 2,820 2,700 1,860 1,820 1,430 1,240 Missouri ........: 1,260 1,335 620 590 665 660 390 405 Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,000 860 810 730 700 610 520 North Carolina ..: 2,620 2,740 1,460 1,450 1,450 1,350 1,300 1,300 : Ohio ............: 640 660 610 610 520 540 550 560 Oklahoma ........: 770 790 330 330 210 215 300 295 Pennsylvania ....: 370 360 395 405 300 305 230 230 South Dakota ....: 815 795 425 410 340 350 355 365 Texas ...........: 285 285 260 265 195 190 220 260 Utah ............: 53 (NA) 7 (NA) 8 (NA) 7 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 896 1,206 486 546 427 525 445 571 : United States ...: 21,279 21,136 19,398 19,141 15,190 14,830 13,017 12,661 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2025 as: : :2025 as: : :2025 as : 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent: 2024 : 2025 :percent : : :of 2024: : :of 2024: : :of 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 (NA) (NA) 460 (NA) (NA) 600 (NA) (NA) Illinois ........: 650 630 97 4,850 4,920 101 5,500 5,550 101 Indiana .........: 250 280 112 4,200 3,970 95 4,450 4,250 96 Iowa ............: 830 850 102 24,370 24,250 100 25,200 25,100 100 Kansas ..........: 170 165 97 1,790 1,795 100 1,960 1,960 100 Michigan ........: 110 110 100 1,060 1,030 97 1,170 1,140 97 Minnesota .......: 520 470 90 8,580 8,280 97 9,100 8,750 96 Missouri ........: 420 410 98 2,980 3,040 102 3,400 3,450 101 Nebraska ........: 420 410 98 3,180 3,230 102 3,600 3,640 101 North Carolina ..: 780 760 97 7,320 7,040 96 8,100 7,800 96 : Ohio ............: 190 220 116 2,410 2,430 101 2,600 2,650 102 Oklahoma ........: 470 440 94 1,640 1,610 98 2,110 2,050 97 Pennsylvania ....: 155 120 77 1,315 1,310 100 1,470 1,430 97 South Dakota ....: 320 310 97 1,940 1,840 95 2,260 2,150 95 Texas ...........: 150 140 93 980 960 98 1,130 1,100 97 Utah ............: 35 (NA) (NA) 70 (NA) (NA) 105 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 434 619 143 2,302 2,833 123 2,735 3,452 126 : United States ...: 6,044 5,934 98 69,447 68,538 99 75,490 74,472 99 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2024 and 2025 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 220 (NA) 95 (NA) 55 (NA) 90 (NA) Illinois ........: 1,440 1,460 1,570 1,615 1,110 1,080 730 765 Indiana .........: 1,160 1,030 1,170 1,150 990 930 880 860 Iowa ............: 6,540 6,320 8,130 7,920 5,280 5,380 4,420 4,630 Kansas ..........: 460 440 450 440 380 375 500 540 Michigan ........: 320 310 305 275 215 225 220 220 Minnesota .......: 2,880 2,720 2,800 2,650 1,650 1,750 1,250 1,160 Missouri ........: 1,270 1,325 585 620 675 675 450 420 Nebraska ........: 1,030 1,070 870 860 690 730 590 570 North Carolina ..: 2,930 2,840 1,570 1,520 1,400 1,360 1,420 1,320 : Ohio ............: 700 710 630 640 520 520 560 560 Oklahoma ........: 790 780 335 340 220 205 295 285 Pennsylvania ....: 380 370 425 410 305 300 205 230 South Dakota ....: 815 780 420 420 345 300 360 340 Texas ...........: 320 305 275 260 165 155 220 240 Utah ............: 48 (NA) 7 (NA) 8 (NA) 7 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 891 1,202 495 547 439 513 477 571 : United States ...: 22,194 21,662 20,132 19,667 14,447 14,498 12,674 12,711 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 145 104 460 395 86 600 540 90 Illinois ........: 630 630 100 4,870 4,870 100 5,500 5,500 100 Indiana .........: 270 250 93 4,230 4,150 98 4,500 4,400 98 Iowa ............: 750 830 111 24,250 23,470 97 25,000 24,300 97 Kansas ..........: 170 165 97 1,800 1,845 103 1,970 2,010 102 Kentucky ........: 50 50 100 425 415 98 475 465 98 Michigan ........: 115 105 91 1,165 1,065 91 1,280 1,170 91 Minnesota .......: 510 480 94 8,790 8,820 100 9,300 9,300 100 Missouri ........: 430 440 102 2,670 3,060 115 3,100 3,500 113 Nebraska ........: 400 430 108 3,400 3,120 92 3,800 3,550 93 : North Carolina ..: 780 770 99 7,120 7,430 104 7,900 8,200 104 Ohio ............: 190 200 105 2,410 2,500 104 2,600 2,700 104 Oklahoma ........: 485 450 93 1,635 1,670 102 2,120 2,120 100 Pennsylvania ....: 160 160 100 1,300 1,360 105 1,460 1,520 104 South Dakota ....: 345 320 93 1,955 1,920 98 2,300 2,240 97 Texas ...........: 150 150 100 990 1,020 103 1,140 1,170 103 Utah ............: 30 (NA) (NA) 175 (NA) (NA) 205 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 394 429 109 1,818 1,961 108 2,211 2,390 108 : United States ...: 5,999 6,004 100 69,463 69,071 99 75,461 75,075 99 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 205 200 100 70 65 50 90 75 Illinois ........: 1,455 1,400 1,530 1,600 1,070 1,140 815 730 Indiana .........: 1,080 1,035 1,260 1,240 960 930 930 945 Iowa ............: 6,310 6,080 7,480 7,210 5,700 5,460 4,760 4,720 Kansas ..........: 450 470 420 445 360 370 570 560 Kentucky ........: 139 119 97 93 67 98 122 105 Michigan ........: 340 330 305 280 250 220 270 235 Minnesota .......: 2,890 2,890 2,660 2,780 1,730 1,750 1,510 1,400 Missouri ........: 1,160 1,380 490 550 630 670 390 460 Nebraska ........: 1,130 1,040 890 810 770 710 610 560 : North Carolina ..: 2,760 2,850 1,520 1,620 1,370 1,420 1,470 1,540 Ohio ............: 710 730 550 635 520 550 630 585 Oklahoma ........: 740 820 345 325 210 235 340 290 Pennsylvania ....: 355 375 410 435 280 290 255 260 South Dakota ....: 790 790 420 415 350 345 395 370 Texas ...........: 270 305 270 270 170 180 280 265 Utah ............: 55 (NA) 40 (NA) 40 (NA) 40 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 732 830 367 388 366 366 352 377 : United States ...: 21,571 21,644 19,154 19,166 14,908 14,784 13,829 13,477 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2024-2026 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2026 as : : : : : 2025 as State : 2024 : 2025 : 2026 2/ : percent : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : percent : : : : of 2025 : : : : : of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ----- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 64 (NA) (NA) (NA) 10.00 (NA) 640 (NA) (NA) Illinois ...........: 310 290 275 95 11.00 11.60 3,410 3,364 99 Indiana ............: 120 123 135 110 11.30 11.20 1,356 1,378 102 Iowa ...............: 440 430 445 103 11.80 11.60 5,192 4,988 96 Kansas .............: 85 87 80 92 11.55 11.90 982 1,035 105 Michigan ...........: 52 52 49 94 11.40 10.95 593 569 96 Minnesota ..........: 270 235 225 96 12.20 12.25 3,294 2,879 87 Missouri ...........: 220 220 215 98 11.30 11.90 2,486 2,618 105 Nebraska ...........: 190 175 175 100 12.10 11.80 2,299 2,065 90 North Carolina .....: 400 370 380 103 11.15 11.50 4,460 4,255 95 : Ohio ...............: 91 98 98 100 11.45 11.20 1,042 1,098 105 Oklahoma ...........: 185 185 175 95 10.90 10.90 2,017 2,017 100 Pennsylvania .......: 46 51 51 100 11.80 11.50 543 587 108 South Dakota .......: 161 160 156 98 12.80 13.25 2,061 2,120 103 Texas ..............: 67 63 59 94 11.70 11.60 784 731 93 Utah ...............: 12 (NA) (NA) (NA) 11.90 (NA) 143 (NA) (NA) : Other States 3/ ....: 216 292 306 105 11.39 11.24 2,454 3,285 134 : United States ......: 2,929 2,831 2,824 100 11.53 11.65 33,756 32,989 98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1 or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2025 as : 2024 : 2025 : percent : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : percent : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ----- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 73 (NA) (NA) 10.20 (NA) 745 (NA) (NA) Illinois ...........: 295 295 100 11.15 11.75 3,289 3,466 105 Indiana ............: 120 117 98 11.55 11.35 1,386 1,328 96 Iowa ...............: 430 435 101 11.95 11.90 5,139 5,177 101 Kansas .............: 87 84 97 11.60 11.95 1,009 1,004 100 Michigan ...........: 54 51 94 11.30 11.35 610 579 95 Minnesota ..........: 270 250 93 12.25 12.15 3,308 3,038 92 Missouri ...........: 220 215 98 11.20 12.00 2,464 2,580 105 Nebraska ...........: 175 175 100 11.90 11.95 2,083 2,091 100 North Carolina .....: 400 380 95 11.35 11.75 4,540 4,465 98 : Ohio ...............: 92 94 102 11.20 11.05 1,030 1,039 101 Oklahoma ...........: 190 185 97 11.10 10.90 2,109 2,017 96 Pennsylvania .......: 48 54 113 12.00 11.50 576 621 108 South Dakota .......: 164 163 99 12.90 12.90 2,116 2,103 99 Texas ..............: 64 62 97 11.10 11.10 710 688 97 Utah ...............: 16 (NA) (NA) 9.70 (NA) 155 (NA) (NA) : Other States 2/ ....: 222 295 133 11.16 11.36 2,474 3,354 136 : United States ......: 2,920 2,855 98 11.56 11.75 33,743 33,550 99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1 or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2025 as State : 2024 : 2025 : percent : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : percent : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent ---- number ---- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 66 (NA) (NA) 11.10 (NA) 733 (NA) (NA) Illinois ........: 295 290 98 11.50 11.85 3,393 3,437 101 Indiana .........: 123 126 102 12.00 11.25 1,476 1,418 96 Iowa ............: 460 450 98 11.95 11.90 5,497 5,355 97 Kansas ..........: 86 80 93 11.90 12.10 1,023 968 95 Michigan ........: 52 50 96 11.20 11.40 582 570 98 Minnesota .......: 280 240 86 12.10 12.00 3,388 2,880 85 Missouri ........: 215 215 100 11.20 12.20 2,408 2,623 109 Nebraska ........: 190 180 95 11.70 12.10 2,223 2,178 98 North Carolina ..: 410 385 94 11.60 11.70 4,756 4,505 95 : Ohio ............: 99 96 97 11.10 11.30 1,099 1,085 99 Oklahoma ........: 205 190 93 11.15 11.15 2,286 2,119 93 Pennsylvania ....: 50 54 108 12.10 11.70 605 632 104 South Dakota ....: 156 165 106 13.20 13.00 2,059 2,145 104 Texas ...........: 68 62 91 11.20 11.00 762 682 90 Utah ............: 16 (NA) (NA) 11.30 (NA) 181 (NA) (NA) : Other States 2/ .: 214 300 140 11.72 11.59 2,510 3,481 139 : United States ...: 2,985 2,883 97 11.72 11.82 34,981 34,078 97 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1 or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2023-2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 2/ : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ----- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 62 62 (NA) (NA) 10.50 11.20 651 694 107 Illinois ...........: 295 290 280 97 11.40 11.85 3,363 3,437 102 Indiana ............: 125 122 135 111 11.70 11.90 1,463 1,452 99 Iowa ...............: 455 475 450 95 11.80 11.60 5,369 5,510 103 Kansas .............: 83 86 80 93 11.35 11.85 942 1,019 108 Michigan ...........: 57 52 50 96 11.40 11.40 650 593 91 Minnesota ..........: 280 240 230 96 12.05 12.55 3,374 3,012 89 Missouri ...........: 210 225 215 96 11.70 12.20 2,457 2,745 112 Nebraska ...........: 185 190 180 95 11.85 11.90 2,192 2,261 103 North Carolina .....: 410 390 385 99 11.55 12.20 4,736 4,758 100 : Ohio ...............: 98 95 99 104 11.20 11.60 1,098 1,102 100 Oklahoma ...........: 200 200 180 90 11.20 11.25 2,240 2,250 100 Pennsylvania .......: 49 47 53 113 11.90 11.50 583 541 93 South Dakota .......: 154 157 157 100 12.70 13.20 1,956 2,072 106 Texas ..............: 72 64 60 94 12.00 12.20 864 781 90 Utah ...............: 13 (NA) (NA) (NA) 11.00 (NA) 143 (NA) (NA) : Other States 3/ ....: 214 230 301 131 11.50 11.51 2,456 2,648 108 : United States ......: 2,962 2,925 2,855 98 11.66 11.92 34,537 34,875 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1 or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of 4,479 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of September 2025, data were collected from about 2,800 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of September 1, 2025. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 74.5 million head by more than 1.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.4 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs.............: 1.4 2.4 880 120 2,350 11 9 : Pig crop......................: 1.8 3.1 504 14 1,211 11 9 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.4 4.1 56 4 189 12 8 : First intentions ...........: 2.5 4.3 60 2 182 9 11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1.....................: 76,104 2020 1988 June 1......................: 77,514 2020 1964 September 1.................: 78,963 2019 1988 December 1..................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1.....................: 69,629 2020 1988 June 1......................: 71,038 2020 1964 September 1.................: 72,503 2019 1988 December 1..................: 70,846 2020 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 34,919 2020 1970 March-May...................: 34,595 2019 1970 June-August.................: 36,370 2019 1970 September-November..........: 34,987 2020 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 11.65 2025 1970 March-May...................: 11.75 2025 1970 June-August.................: 11.82 2025 1970 September-November..........: 11.92 2024 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch................................................ (202) 692-0069 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter............................................. (202) 690-8632 Tiffany Byrne - Dairy Products...................................................... (651) 440-7789 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed................................................. (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production......................................................... (202) 720-3278 Fatema Haque - Poultry Slaughter, Turkey Hatchery, Turkeys Raised................... (202) 720-3244 Derron Martin - Catfish, Census of Aquaculture, Egg Products, Mink, Trout........... (202) 690-3237 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs...................................................... (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Cost of Pollination, Honey, Honey Bee Colonies, Sheep and Goats.. (202) 720-4448 Shulonda Shaw - Capacity of Refrigerated Warehouses, Cold Storage................... (202) 720-3240 Autumn Stone - Layers, Eggs......................................................... (202) 690-3676 Takiyah Walker - Broiler Hatchery, Chicken Hatchery................................. (202) 720-6147 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. 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