Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released September 26, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up Slightly United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on September 1, 2024 was 76.5 million head. This was up slightly from September 1, 2023, and up 2 percent from June 1, 2024. Breeding inventory, at 6.04 million head, was down 2 percent from last year, but up 1 percent from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 70.4 million head, was up 1 percent from last year, and up 2 percent from last quarter. The June-August 2024 pig crop, at 35.0 million head, was down 1 percent from 2023. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.99 million head, down 2 percent from 2023. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 50 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.72 for the June-August period, compared to 11.61 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 2.96 million sows farrow during the September-November 2024 quarter, down slightly from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, and down 4 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for December 2024-February 2025, at 2.93 million sows, are up slightly from the same period one year earlier, but down 1 percent from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 53 percent of the total United States hog inventory, up 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for September 2023 through June 2024 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the June 2024 all hogs and pigs inventory was 1.0 percent. A revision of 0.3 percent was made to the March 2024-May 2024 pig crop. A net revision of 0.2 percent was made to the March 2024 all hogs and pigs inventory. The net revision made to the December 2023-February 2024 pig crop was 1.8 percent. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 13. This report was approved on September 26, 2024. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Jason Hafemeister Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024.............. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2025................................ 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024.. 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024................ 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024..................... 6 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024................. 7 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024...................... 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024............ 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024................. 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023............. 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023.................. 9 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023-2025... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023 and 2024....... 10 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2023 and 2024..... 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022-2024.. 11 Statistical Methodology................................................................................. 12 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates.................................................................. 12 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present..................................................... 13 Information Contacts.................................................................................... 13 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as Item : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,136 74,691 101 Kept for breeding...................: 6,146 6,016 98 Market..............................: 67,990 68,676 101 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 20,444 21,369 105 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,049 19,113 100 120-179 pounds......................: 15,749 15,754 100 180 pounds and over.................: 12,748 12,440 98 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 73,551 75,211 102 Kept for breeding...................: 6,206 6,008 97 Market..............................: 67,345 69,204 103 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,284 21,589 101 50-119 pounds.......................: 18,982 19,408 102 120-179 pounds......................: 14,344 15,190 106 180 pounds and over.................: 12,735 13,017 102 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 76,133 76,480 100 Kept for breeding...................: 6,179 6,044 98 Market..............................: 69,954 70,437 101 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 22,542 22,194 98 50-119 pounds.......................: 20,505 20,232 99 120-179 pounds......................: 14,492 14,997 103 180 pounds and over.................: 12,415 13,014 105 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,461 Kept for breeding...................: 5,999 Market..............................: 69,463 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,571 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,154 120-179 pounds......................: 14,908 180 pounds and over.................: 13,829 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2022-2025 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : 2024 as percent of : 2025 as Item : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :-------------------------: percent : : : : : 2022 : 2023 : of 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 head ---------------- ---------- percent ---------- Sows farrowing ...........: December-February 2/ ...: 2,919 2,952 2,928 2,933 100 99 100 March-May ..............: 2,967 2,941 2,953 100 100 December-May 1/ ........: 5,886 5,893 5,881 100 100 : June-August ............: 3,082 3,040 2,989 97 98 September-November 3/ ..: 3,092 2,962 2,959 96 100 June-November 1/ 4/ ....: 6,174 6,002 5,948 96 99 : Pig crop .................: December-February ......: 31,947 32,537 33,757 106 104 March-May ..............: 32,635 33,414 34,123 105 102 December-May 1/ ........: 64,582 65,951 67,879 105 103 : June-August ............: 34,319 35,295 35,030 102 99 September-November ....: 34,701 34,538 June-November 1/ .......: 69,019 69,833 : : : ------------------ number ----------------- ---------- percent ---------- : Pigs per litter ..........: December-February ......: 10.95 11.02 11.53 105 105 March-May ..............: 11.00 11.36 11.56 105 102 December-May ...........: 10.97 11.19 11.54 105 103 : June-August ............: 11.13 11.61 11.72 105 101 September-November .....: 11.22 11.66 June-November ..........: 11.18 11.64 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2025. 3/ Intentions for 2024. 4/ Actual farrowings for June-August plus intentions for September-November. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- : December........: 995 987 11.09 11.58 11,035 11,432 January.........: 996 972 10.83 11.52 10,784 11,196 February........: 961 969 11.15 11.49 10,718 11,129 March...........: 997 997 11.20 11.51 11,174 11,471 April...........: 975 980 11.43 11.49 11,138 11,254 May.............: 969 976 11.46 11.68 11,102 11,397 June............: 1,040 1,025 11.47 11.71 11,930 12,001 July............: 1,003 986 11.67 11.72 11,709 11,551 August..........: 997 978 11.69 11.73 11,656 11,478 September.......: 1,011 11.56 11,686 October.........: 987 11.66 11,507 November........: 964 11.77 11,344 : Total...........: 11,894 11.42 135,784 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 170 121 440 440 100 580 610 105 Illinois ........: 650 670 103 4,800 4,930 103 5,450 5,600 103 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,150 100 4,400 4,400 100 Iowa ............: 900 820 91 22,900 24,380 106 23,800 25,200 106 Kansas ..........: 150 175 117 1,710 1,815 106 1,860 1,990 107 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,075 96 1,240 1,190 96 Minnesota .......: 500 480 96 8,700 8,620 99 9,200 9,100 99 Missouri ........: 470 425 90 2,880 2,825 98 3,350 3,250 97 Nebraska ........: 395 400 101 3,205 3,350 105 3,600 3,750 104 North Carolina ..: 790 760 96 7,310 6,640 91 8,100 7,400 91 : Ohio ............: 200 180 90 2,500 2,320 93 2,700 2,500 93 Oklahoma ........: 480 470 98 1,660 1,600 96 2,140 2,070 97 Pennsylvania ....: 135 150 111 1,185 1,310 111 1,320 1,460 111 South Dakota ....: 305 325 107 1,805 1,975 109 2,110 2,300 109 Texas ...........: 170 135 79 1,010 905 90 1,180 1,040 88 Utah ............: 35 35 100 255 55 22 290 90 31 : Other States 1/ .: 461 456 99 2,355 2,286 97 2,816 2,741 97 : United States ...: 6,146 6,016 98 67,990 68,676 101 74,136 74,691 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 225 230 90 80 55 55 70 75 Illinois ........: 1,335 1,510 1,580 1,560 1,135 1,140 750 720 Indiana .........: 1,090 1,070 1,220 1,250 1,000 1,030 840 800 Iowa ............: 5,420 6,030 7,240 7,550 5,930 6,160 4,310 4,640 Kansas ..........: 410 480 385 425 355 385 560 525 Michigan ........: 330 330 305 295 250 220 240 230 Minnesota .......: 2,610 2,830 2,660 2,580 2,040 2,010 1,390 1,200 Missouri ........: 1,310 1,245 530 585 650 660 390 335 Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,135 910 930 750 780 535 505 North Carolina ..: 2,730 2,600 1,580 1,460 1,570 1,350 1,430 1,230 : Ohio ............: 705 680 630 600 580 520 585 520 Oklahoma ........: 820 800 310 270 225 200 305 330 Pennsylvania ....: 325 360 355 395 265 300 240 255 South Dakota ....: 740 815 405 435 300 350 360 375 Texas ...........: 335 270 265 220 160 170 250 245 Utah ............: 105 35 55 6 45 7 50 7 : Other States 1/ .: 944 949 529 472 439 417 443 448 : United States ...: 20,444 21,369 19,049 19,113 15,749 15,754 12,748 12,440 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 145 165 114 435 485 111 580 650 112 Illinois ........: 670 660 99 4,780 5,090 106 5,450 5,750 106 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 4,190 4,150 99 4,450 4,400 99 Iowa ............: 910 820 90 22,990 23,980 104 23,900 24,800 104 Kansas ..........: 155 170 110 1,755 1,850 105 1,910 2,020 106 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,095 97 1,240 1,210 98 Minnesota .......: 520 500 96 8,380 9,000 107 8,900 9,500 107 Missouri ........: 455 415 91 2,795 2,985 107 3,250 3,400 105 Nebraska ........: 400 390 98 3,350 3,260 97 3,750 3,650 97 North Carolina ..: 800 770 96 7,000 6,930 99 7,800 7,700 99 : Ohio ............: 190 180 95 2,410 2,270 94 2,600 2,450 94 Oklahoma ........: 470 480 102 1,710 1,610 94 2,180 2,090 96 Pennsylvania ....: 140 145 104 1,210 1,285 106 1,350 1,430 106 South Dakota ....: 315 335 106 1,885 1,935 103 2,200 2,270 103 Texas ...........: 180 130 72 950 950 100 1,130 1,080 96 Utah ............: 30 35 117 255 75 29 285 110 39 : Other States 1/ .: 451 448 99 2,125 2,254 106 2,576 2,701 105 : United States ...: 6,206 6,008 97 67,345 69,204 103 73,551 75,211 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 200 240 100 100 60 70 75 75 Illinois ........: 1,340 1,500 1,610 1,670 1,040 1,140 790 780 Indiana .........: 1,080 1,050 1,260 1,230 980 970 870 900 Iowa ............: 6,150 6,250 7,130 7,420 5,300 5,680 4,410 4,630 Kansas ..........: 450 450 405 450 350 390 550 560 Michigan ........: 340 335 300 290 235 235 250 235 Minnesota .......: 2,850 2,890 2,590 2,820 1,600 1,860 1,340 1,430 Missouri ........: 1,290 1,310 540 620 610 665 355 390 Nebraska ........: 1,070 1,040 950 880 750 730 580 610 North Carolina ..: 2,720 2,720 1,530 1,460 1,420 1,450 1,330 1,300 : Ohio ............: 690 620 610 580 560 520 550 550 Oklahoma ........: 840 770 360 330 195 210 315 300 Pennsylvania ....: 315 365 385 390 290 300 220 230 South Dakota ....: 755 815 410 425 345 340 375 355 Texas ...........: 265 285 275 250 165 195 245 220 Utah ............: 105 53 55 7 45 8 50 7 : Other States 1/ .: 824 896 472 486 399 427 430 445 : United States ...: 21,284 21,589 18,982 19,408 14,344 15,190 12,735 13,017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 140 100 470 490 104 610 630 103 Illinois ........: 670 650 97 4,830 4,950 102 5,500 5,600 102 Indiana .........: 270 250 93 4,330 4,250 98 4,600 4,500 98 Iowa ............: 900 830 92 24,000 24,670 103 24,900 25,500 102 Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,815 1,810 100 1,990 1,980 99 Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,165 1,060 91 1,280 1,170 91 Minnesota .......: 510 520 102 8,590 8,880 103 9,100 9,400 103 Missouri ........: 420 420 100 3,030 3,030 100 3,450 3,450 100 Nebraska ........: 410 420 102 3,390 3,230 95 3,800 3,650 96 North Carolina ..: 800 780 98 7,300 7,420 102 8,100 8,200 101 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,500 2,360 94 2,700 2,550 94 Oklahoma ........: 460 470 102 1,800 1,660 92 2,260 2,130 94 Pennsylvania ....: 145 155 107 1,295 1,325 102 1,440 1,480 103 South Dakota ....: 320 320 100 1,900 1,940 102 2,220 2,260 102 Texas ...........: 160 150 94 1,050 980 93 1,210 1,130 93 Utah ............: 30 35 117 260 70 27 290 105 36 : Other States 1/ .: 454 434 96 2,229 2,312 104 2,683 2,745 102 : United States ...: 6,179 6,044 98 69,954 70,437 101 76,133 76,480 100 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 210 230 110 95 65 65 85 100 Illinois ........: 1,425 1,450 1,515 1,560 1,090 1,160 800 780 Indiana .........: 1,120 1,110 1,330 1,220 1,000 1,030 880 890 Iowa ............: 6,430 6,510 8,140 8,160 5,230 5,480 4,200 4,520 Kansas ..........: 490 470 430 430 355 380 540 530 Michigan ........: 355 310 320 295 240 225 250 230 Minnesota .......: 2,960 2,930 2,790 2,850 1,710 1,750 1,130 1,350 Missouri ........: 1,310 1,300 620 575 680 685 420 470 Nebraska ........: 1,130 1,020 960 890 720 720 580 600 North Carolina ..: 2,990 2,930 1,570 1,590 1,390 1,480 1,350 1,420 : Ohio ............: 760 670 650 610 530 520 560 560 Oklahoma ........: 885 810 385 335 240 220 290 295 Pennsylvania ....: 370 380 410 425 310 315 205 205 South Dakota ....: 780 810 420 420 320 350 380 360 Texas ...........: 370 320 300 275 150 165 230 220 Utah ............: 95 48 60 7 50 8 55 7 : Other States 1/ .: 862 896 495 495 412 444 460 477 : United States ...: 22,542 22,194 20,505 20,232 14,492 14,997 12,415 13,014 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2023 as: : :2023 as: : :2023 as : 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent: 2022 : 2023 :percent : : :of 2022: : :of 2022: : :of 2022 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 145 140 97 385 460 119 530 600 113 Illinois ........: 650 630 97 4,850 4,870 100 5,500 5,500 100 Indiana .........: 270 270 100 4,180 4,230 101 4,450 4,500 101 Iowa ............: 930 750 81 23,170 24,250 105 24,100 25,000 104 Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,735 1,800 104 1,910 1,970 103 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,145 1,165 102 1,260 1,280 102 Minnesota .......: 490 510 104 8,510 8,790 103 9,000 9,300 103 Missouri ........: 440 430 98 2,910 2,670 92 3,350 3,100 93 Nebraska ........: 410 400 98 3,190 3,400 107 3,600 3,800 106 North Carolina ..: 800 780 98 7,500 7,120 95 8,300 7,900 95 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,550 2,410 95 2,750 2,600 95 Oklahoma ........: 490 485 99 1,690 1,635 97 2,180 2,120 97 Pennsylvania ....: 135 160 119 1,225 1,300 106 1,360 1,460 107 South Dakota ....: 300 345 115 1,810 1,955 108 2,110 2,300 109 Texas ...........: 160 150 94 1,070 990 93 1,230 1,140 93 Utah ............: 35 30 86 475 175 37 510 205 40 : Other States 1/ .: 459 444 97 2,357 2,243 95 2,816 2,686 95 : United States ...: 6,204 5,999 97 68,752 69,463 101 74,956 75,461 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2022 and 2023 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 200 205 75 100 45 65 65 90 Illinois ........: 1,380 1,455 1,630 1,530 1,015 1,070 825 815 Indiana .........: 1,060 1,080 1,220 1,260 980 960 920 930 Iowa ............: 6,110 6,310 7,130 7,480 5,580 5,700 4,350 4,760 Kansas ..........: 420 450 420 420 320 360 575 570 Michigan ........: 350 340 315 305 235 250 245 270 Minnesota .......: 2,910 2,890 2,530 2,660 1,660 1,730 1,410 1,510 Missouri ........: 1,300 1,160 560 490 640 630 410 390 Nebraska ........: 1,060 1,130 880 890 730 770 520 610 North Carolina ..: 2,950 2,760 1,700 1,520 1,430 1,370 1,420 1,470 : Ohio ............: 730 710 660 550 560 520 600 630 Oklahoma ........: 830 740 320 345 230 210 310 340 Pennsylvania ....: 330 355 380 410 290 280 225 255 South Dakota ....: 740 790 410 420 310 350 350 395 Texas ...........: 380 270 270 270 200 170 220 280 Utah ............: 120 55 115 40 120 40 120 40 : Other States 1/ .: 918 871 519 464 456 433 464 474 : United States ...: 21,788 21,571 19,134 19,154 14,801 14,908 13,029 13,829 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023-2025 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2024 as State : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 2/ : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 60 64 65 102 9.90 10.00 594 640 108 Illinois ...........: 280 310 300 97 10.60 11.00 2,968 3,410 115 Indiana ............: 125 120 130 108 11.25 11.30 1,406 1,356 96 Iowa ...............: 480 440 465 106 11.45 11.80 5,496 5,192 94 Kansas .............: 80 85 78 92 10.25 11.55 820 982 120 Michigan ...........: 55 52 52 100 10.70 11.40 589 593 101 Minnesota ..........: 260 270 270 100 11.95 12.20 3,107 3,294 106 Missouri ...........: 230 220 210 95 10.60 11.30 2,438 2,486 102 Nebraska ...........: 180 190 190 100 11.25 12.10 2,025 2,299 114 North Carolina .....: 410 400 390 98 10.70 11.15 4,387 4,460 102 : Ohio ...............: 90 91 95 104 10.70 11.45 963 1,042 108 Oklahoma ...........: 205 185 185 100 10.15 10.90 2,081 2,017 97 Pennsylvania .......: 47 46 54 117 11.40 11.80 536 543 101 South Dakota .......: 142 161 153 95 12.80 12.80 1,818 2,061 113 Texas ..............: 73 67 62 93 11.40 11.70 832 784 94 Utah ...............: 14 12 16 133 9.60 11.90 134 143 107 : Other States 3/ ....: 221 215 218 101 10.61 11.40 2,343 2,455 105 : United States ......: 2,952 2,928 2,933 100 11.02 11.53 32,537 33,757 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 62 75 121 10.40 10.20 645 765 119 Illinois ...........: 275 300 109 11.35 11.15 3,121 3,345 107 Indiana ............: 125 120 96 11.10 11.55 1,388 1,386 100 Iowa ...............: 470 435 93 11.75 11.95 5,523 5,198 94 Kansas .............: 80 87 109 10.80 11.60 864 1,009 117 Michigan ...........: 54 54 100 11.10 11.30 599 610 102 Minnesota ..........: 265 275 104 12.10 12.25 3,207 3,369 105 Missouri ...........: 225 225 100 11.10 11.20 2,498 2,520 101 Nebraska ...........: 180 180 100 11.40 11.90 2,052 2,142 104 North Carolina .....: 405 400 99 11.00 11.35 4,455 4,540 102 : Ohio ...............: 93 92 99 11.30 11.20 1,051 1,030 98 Oklahoma ...........: 205 195 95 10.70 11.10 2,194 2,165 99 Pennsylvania .......: 47 48 102 11.45 12.00 538 576 107 South Dakota .......: 141 164 116 12.90 12.90 1,819 2,116 116 Texas ..............: 74 64 86 11.20 11.10 829 710 86 Utah ...............: 16 17 106 10.90 9.70 174 165 95 : Other States 2/ ....: 224 222 99 10.98 11.18 2,457 2,477 101 : United States ......: 2,941 2,953 100 11.36 11.56 33,414 34,123 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as State : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 63 64 102 10.40 11.10 655 710 108 Illinois ........: 295 300 102 11.60 11.50 3,422 3,450 101 Indiana .........: 135 125 93 11.50 12.00 1,553 1,500 97 Iowa ............: 480 460 96 11.80 11.95 5,664 5,497 97 Kansas ..........: 87 85 98 11.20 11.90 974 1,012 104 Michigan ........: 55 52 95 11.10 11.20 611 582 95 Minnesota .......: 270 280 104 12.10 12.10 3,267 3,388 104 Missouri ........: 225 220 98 12.20 11.20 2,745 2,464 90 Nebraska ........: 185 190 103 11.80 11.70 2,183 2,223 102 North Carolina ..: 420 405 96 11.30 11.60 4,746 4,698 99 : Ohio ............: 100 98 98 11.50 11.10 1,150 1,088 95 Oklahoma ........: 205 205 100 11.00 11.15 2,255 2,286 101 Pennsylvania ....: 52 50 96 11.60 12.10 603 605 100 South Dakota ....: 148 157 106 12.60 13.20 1,865 2,072 111 Texas ...........: 82 68 83 11.40 11.20 935 762 81 Utah ............: 15 16 107 11.00 11.30 165 181 110 : Other States 2/ .: 223 214 96 11.22 11.73 2,502 2,512 100 : United States ...: 3,040 2,989 98 11.61 11.72 35,295 35,030 99 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2022-2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2023 as : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 2/ : percent : 2022 : 2023 : 2022 : 2023 : percent : : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2022 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 60 62 65 105 10.10 10.50 606 651 107 Illinois ...........: 290 295 295 100 10.75 11.40 3,118 3,363 108 Indiana ............: 130 125 130 104 10.95 11.70 1,424 1,463 103 Iowa ...............: 535 455 475 104 11.55 11.80 6,179 5,369 87 Kansas .............: 81 83 85 102 10.90 11.35 883 942 107 Michigan ...........: 56 57 53 93 11.10 11.40 622 650 105 Minnesota ..........: 280 280 270 96 12.00 12.05 3,360 3,374 100 Missouri ...........: 230 210 215 102 11.25 11.70 2,588 2,457 95 Nebraska ...........: 190 185 190 103 11.50 11.85 2,185 2,192 100 North Carolina .....: 420 410 395 96 11.15 11.55 4,683 4,736 101 : Ohio ...............: 95 98 96 98 11.30 11.20 1,074 1,098 102 Oklahoma ...........: 220 200 185 93 10.80 11.20 2,376 2,240 94 Pennsylvania .......: 46 49 52 106 11.50 11.90 529 583 110 South Dakota .......: 143 154 155 101 12.10 12.70 1,730 1,956 113 Texas ..............: 80 72 62 86 10.00 12.00 800 864 108 Utah ...............: 15 13 17 131 11.50 11.00 173 143 83 : Other States 3/ ....: 221 214 219 102 10.73 11.50 2,371 2,457 104 : United States ......: 3,092 2,962 2,959 100 11.22 11.66 34,701 34,538 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of 4,535 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of September 2024, data were collected from about 3,100 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of September 1, 2024. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 76.5 million head by more than 1.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.8 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs.............: 1.6 2.8 968 15 2,350 12 8 : Pig crop......................: 1.9 3.3 546 14 1,211 14 6 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.4 4.1 57 2 189 14 6 : First intentions ...........: 2.4 4.1 63 8 182 11 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1.....................: 76,104 2020 1988 June 1......................: 77,514 2020 1964 September 1.................: 78,963 2019 1988 December 1..................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1.....................: 69,629 2020 1988 June 1......................: 71,038 2020 1964 September 1.................: 72,503 2019 1988 December 1..................: 70,846 2020 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 34,919 2020 1970 March-May...................: 34,595 2019 1970 June-August.................: 36,370 2019 1970 September-November..........: 34,987 2020 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 11.53 2024 1970 March-May...................: 11.56 2024 1970 June-August.................: 11.72 2024 1970 September-November..........: 11.66 2023 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ...... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........ (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ....... (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows.. (512) 501-3266 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products .............. (202) 690-3347 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs ............ (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ........ (202) 720-4448 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov.