Quarterly Hogs and Pigs ISSN: 1949-1921 Released December 23, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Hog Inventory Up 1 Percent United States inventory of all hogs and pigs on December 1, 2024 was 75.8 million head. This was up 1 percent from December 1, 2023, but down slightly from September 1, 2024. Breeding inventory, at 6.00 million head, was up slightly from last year, but down 1 percent from the previous quarter. Market hog inventory, at 69.8 million head, was up 1 percent from last year, but down slightly from last quarter. The September-November 2024 pig crop, at 35.2 million head, was up 2 percent from 2023. Sows farrowing during this period totaled 2.96 million head, down slightly from 2023. The sows farrowed during this quarter represented 49 percent of the breeding herd. The average pigs saved per litter was 11.92 for the September-November period, compared to 11.66 last year. United States hog producers intend to have 2.93 million sows farrow during the December 2024-February 2025 quarter, up slightly from the actual farrowings during the same period one year earlier, but down 1 percent from the same period two years earlier. Intended farrowings for March-May 2025, at 2.95 million sows, are up 1 percent from the same period one year earlier, and up slightly from the same period two years earlier. The total number of hogs under contract owned by operations with over 5,000 head, but raised by contractees, accounted for 50 percent of the total United States hog inventory, down 1 percent from the previous year. Revisions All inventory and pig crop estimates for December 2022 through September 2024 were reviewed using final pig crop, official slaughter, death loss, and updated import and export data. The revision made to the September 2024 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.5 percent. A revision of 1.2 percent was made to the June-August 2024 pig crop. The net revision made to the June 2024 all hogs and pigs inventory was 0.4 percent. A net revision of 1.1 percent was made to the March-May 2024 pig crop. The net revision made to the September 2023 all hogs and pigs inventory was 2.2 percent. A net revision of 2.6 percent was made to the June-August 2023 pig crop. Program changes were made following the 2022 Census of Agriculture. As a result of these changes the following states are no longer published in December 2024: AL, AK, AZ, AR, CA, CT, DE, FL, GA, HI, ID, LA, ME, MD, MA, MS, MT, NV, NH, NJ, NM, NY, ND, OR, RI, SC, TN, UT, VT, VA, WA, WV, WI and WY. Records Record highs for all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop and pigs per litter, by quarter, can be found on page 15. This report was approved on December 23, 2024. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Cynthia Nickerson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024.............. 4 Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2023-2025................................ 5 Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024.. 5 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024............. 6 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024.................. 7 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024................ 8 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024..................... 8 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024................. 9 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024...................... 9 Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024............ 10 Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024................. 10 Annual Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-November 2023 and 2024......................................................................... 11 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023-2025... 12 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023-2025........... 12 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2023 and 2024..... 13 Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2023 and 2024........................................................................ 13 Statistical Methodology................................................................................. 14 Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates.................................................................. 14 Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present..................................................... 15 Information Contacts.................................................................................... 15 Hogs and Pigs Inventory by Class, Weight Group, and Quarter - United States: 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as Item : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : March 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 74,136 74,691 101 Kept for breeding...................: 6,146 6,016 98 Market..............................: 67,990 68,676 101 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 20,444 21,369 105 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,049 19,113 100 120-179 pounds......................: 15,749 15,754 100 180 pounds and over.................: 12,748 12,440 98 : June 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 73,551 74,801 102 Kept for breeding...................: 6,206 6,008 97 Market..............................: 67,345 68,794 102 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,284 21,229 100 50-119 pounds.......................: 18,982 19,358 102 120-179 pounds......................: 14,344 15,190 106 180 pounds and over.................: 12,735 13,017 102 : September 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,938 76,095 100 Kept for breeding...................: 6,179 6,044 98 Market..............................: 69,759 70,052 100 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 22,447 22,429 100 50-119 pounds.......................: 20,405 20,502 100 120-179 pounds......................: 14,492 14,447 100 180 pounds and over.................: 12,415 12,674 102 : December 1 inventory : All hogs and pigs.....................: 75,461 75,845 101 Kept for breeding...................: 5,999 6,004 100 Market..............................: 69,463 69,841 101 : Market hogs and pigs by weight groups : Under 50 pounds.....................: 21,571 21,834 101 50-119 pounds.......................: 19,154 19,426 101 120-179 pounds......................: 14,908 14,824 99 180 pounds and over.................: 13,829 13,757 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sows Farrowing, Pig Crop, and Pigs per Litter - United States: 2023-2025 [December preceding year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2024 as : 2025 Item : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : percent : percent : : : : of 2023 : of 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head --------- ---- percent --- Sows farrowing : December-February 2/ ...: 2,952 2,929 2,930 99 100 March-May 2/ ...........: 2,941 2,913 2,953 99 101 December-May 1/ ........: 5,893 5,841 5,883 99 101 : June-August ............: 3,026 3,024 100 September-November .....: 2,962 2,955 100 June-November 1/ .......: 5,988 5,979 100 : Pig crop : December-February ......: 32,537 33,756 104 March-May ..............: 33,414 33,661 101 December-May 1/ ........: 65,951 67,417 102 : June-August ............: 35,134 35,437 101 September-November .....: 34,537 35,238 102 June-November 1/ .......: 69,671 70,675 101 : : ----------- number ----------- ---- percent --- : Pigs per litter : December-February ......: 11.02 11.53 105 March-May ..............: 11.36 11.56 102 December-May ...........: 11.19 11.54 103 : June-August ............: 11.61 11.72 101 September-November .....: 11.66 11.92 102 June-November ..........: 11.64 11.82 102 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ May not add due to rounding. 2/ Intentions for 2025. Monthly Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - United States: December-November 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing 1/ : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- ----- number ---- ---- 1,000 head --- : December........: 995 987 11.09 11.58 11,035 11,430 January.........: 996 972 10.83 11.52 10,784 11,200 February........: 961 969 11.15 11.49 10,718 11,125 March...........: 997 984 11.20 11.51 11,174 11,323 April...........: 975 967 11.43 11.49 11,138 11,107 May.............: 969 962 11.46 11.68 11,102 11,232 June............: 1,036 1,037 11.47 11.71 11,882 12,143 July............: 998 997 11.67 11.72 11,655 11,680 August..........: 992 990 11.69 11.73 11,598 11,613 September.......: 1,011 998 11.56 11.83 11,686 11,803 October.........: 987 984 11.66 11.95 11,507 11,757 November........: 964 974 11.77 11.99 11,344 11,678 : Total...........: 11,880 11,820 11.42 11.68 135,623 138,092 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Monthly values may not add to quarterly or annual totals due to rounding. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as : : : 2024 as : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : of 2023 : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head --- percent ---- 1,000 head --- percent ---- 1,000 head --- percent : Alabama .........: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) Alaska ..........: 0.4 (NA) (NA) 1.1 (NA) (NA) 1.5 (NA) (NA) Arizona .........: 14.0 (NA) (NA) 95.0 (NA) (NA) 109.0 (NA) (NA) Arkansas ........: 43.0 (NA) (NA) 91.0 (NA) (NA) 134.0 (NA) (NA) California ......: 6.0 (NA) (NA) 33.0 (NA) (NA) 39.0 (NA) (NA) Colorado ........: 140.0 145.0 104 460.0 395.0 86 600.0 540.0 90 Connecticut .....: 0.4 (NA) (NA) 2.2 (NA) (NA) 2.6 (NA) (NA) Delaware ........: 1.6 (NA) (NA) 1.2 (NA) (NA) 2.8 (NA) (NA) Florida .........: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) Georgia .........: 17.0 (NA) (NA) 25.0 (NA) (NA) 42.0 (NA) (NA) : Hawaii ..........: 2.5 (NA) (NA) 5.5 (NA) (NA) 8.0 (NA) (NA) Idaho ...........: 5.0 (NA) (NA) 19.0 (NA) (NA) 24.0 (NA) (NA) Illinois ........: 630.0 630.0 100 4,870.0 4,970.0 102 5,500.0 5,600.0 102 Indiana .........: 270.0 250.0 93 4,230.0 4,200.0 99 4,500.0 4,450.0 99 Iowa ............: 750.0 830.0 111 24,250.0 23,770.0 98 25,000.0 24,600.0 98 Kansas ..........: 170.0 165.0 97 1,800.0 1,845.0 103 1,970.0 2,010.0 102 Kentucky ........: 50.0 50.0 100 425.0 415.0 98 475.0 465.0 98 Louisiana .......: 1.0 (NA) (NA) 4.0 (NA) (NA) 5.0 (NA) (NA) Maine ...........: 1.0 (NA) (NA) 3.0 (NA) (NA) 4.0 (NA) (NA) Maryland ........: 2.3 (NA) (NA) 18.7 (NA) (NA) 21.0 (NA) (NA) : Massachusetts ...: 1.5 (NA) (NA) 6.0 (NA) (NA) 7.5 (NA) (NA) Michigan ........: 115.0 105.0 91 1,165.0 1,065.0 91 1,280.0 1,170.0 91 Minnesota .......: 510.0 480.0 94 8,790.0 9,020.0 103 9,300.0 9,500.0 102 Mississippi .....: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) Missouri ........: 430.0 440.0 102 2,670.0 3,060.0 115 3,100.0 3,500.0 113 Montana .........: 57.0 (NA) (NA) 183.0 (NA) (NA) 240.0 (NA) (NA) Nebraska ........: 400.0 430.0 108 3,400.0 3,220.0 95 3,800.0 3,650.0 96 Nevada ..........: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) New Hampshire ...: 0.8 (NA) (NA) 3.7 (NA) (NA) 4.5 (NA) (NA) New Jersey ......: 1.0 (NA) (NA) 5.0 (NA) (NA) 6.0 (NA) (NA) : New Mexico ......: 0.7 (NA) (NA) 1.0 (NA) (NA) 1.7 (NA) (NA) New York ........: 2.0 (NA) (NA) 43.0 (NA) (NA) 45.0 (NA) (NA) North Carolina ..: 780.0 770.0 99 7,120.0 7,430.0 104 7,900.0 8,200.0 104 North Dakota ....: 43.0 (NA) (NA) 107.0 (NA) (NA) 150.0 (NA) (NA) Ohio ............: 190.0 200.0 105 2,410.0 2,500.0 104 2,600.0 2,700.0 104 Oklahoma ........: 485.0 450.0 93 1,635.0 1,690.0 103 2,120.0 2,140.0 101 Oregon ..........: 2.5 (NA) (NA) 9.5 (NA) (NA) 12.0 (NA) (NA) Pennsylvania ....: 160.0 160.0 100 1,300.0 1,360.0 105 1,460.0 1,520.0 104 Rhode Island ....: 0.1 (NA) (NA) 1.1 (NA) (NA) 1.2 (NA) (NA) South Carolina ..: 8.0 (NA) (NA) 114.0 (NA) (NA) 122.0 (NA) (NA) : South Dakota ....: 345.0 320.0 93 1,955.0 1,920.0 98 2,300.0 2,240.0 97 Tennessee .......: 31.0 (NA) (NA) 289.0 (NA) (NA) 320.0 (NA) (NA) Texas ...........: 150.0 150.0 100 990.0 1,020.0 103 1,140.0 1,170.0 103 Utah ............: 30.0 (NA) (NA) 175.0 (NA) (NA) 205.0 (NA) (NA) Vermont .........: 1.1 (NA) (NA) 4.4 (NA) (NA) 5.5 (NA) (NA) Virginia ........: 4.0 (NA) (NA) 241.0 (NA) (NA) 245.0 (NA) (NA) Washington ......: 5.0 (NA) (NA) 31.0 (NA) (NA) 36.0 (NA) (NA) West Virginia ...: 1.5 (NA) (NA) 3.5 (NA) (NA) 5.0 (NA) (NA) Wisconsin .......: 47.0 (NA) (NA) 318.0 (NA) 88 365.0 (NA) (NA) Wyoming .........: 33.0 (NA) (NA) 63.0 (NA) 106 96.0 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 60.3 429.3 (NA) 95.7 1,961.1 (NA) 156.0 2,390.4 (NA) : United States ...: 5,998.7 6,004.3 100 69,462.6 69,841.1 101 75,461.3 75,845.4 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Includes data for States not published in this table. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: December 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Alaska ..........: 0.4 (NA) 0.2 (NA) 0.3 (NA) 0.2 (NA) Arizona .........: 27.0 (NA) 23.0 (NA) 23.0 (NA) 22.0 (NA) Arkansas ........: 75.0 (NA) 7.0 (NA) 2.0 (NA) 7.0 (NA) California ......: 8.0 (NA) 8.0 (NA) 8.0 (NA) 9.0 (NA) Colorado ........: 205.0 200.0 100.0 70.0 65.0 50.0 90.0 75.0 Connecticut .....: 0.9 (NA) 0.4 (NA) 0.4 (NA) 0.5 (NA) Delaware ........: 0.6 (NA) 0.1 (NA) 0.1 (NA) 0.4 (NA) Florida .........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Georgia .........: 16.0 (NA) 4.0 (NA) 2.0 (NA) 3.0 (NA) : Hawaii ..........: 2.0 (NA) 1.5 (NA) 1.0 (NA) 1.0 (NA) Idaho ...........: 9.0 (NA) 3.0 (NA) 3.5 (NA) 3.5 (NA) Illinois ........: 1,455.0 1,450.0 1,530.0 1,600.0 1,070.0 1,140.0 815.0 780.0 Indiana .........: 1,080.0 1,080.0 1,260.0 1,240.0 960.0 930.0 930.0 950.0 Iowa ............: 6,310.0 6,150.0 7,480.0 7,340.0 5,700.0 5,470.0 4,760.0 4,810.0 Kansas ..........: 450.0 480.0 420.0 455.0 360.0 350.0 570.0 560.0 Kentucky ........: 139.0 119.0 97.0 93.0 67.0 98.0 122.0 105.0 Louisiana .......: 1.0 (NA) 1.0 (NA) 1.0 (NA) 1.0 (NA) Maine ...........: 1.1 (NA) 0.7 (NA) 0.6 (NA) 0.6 (NA) Maryland ........: 5.0 (NA) 4.7 (NA) 3.0 (NA) 6.0 (NA) : Massachusetts ...: 2.4 (NA) 1.8 (NA) 0.5 (NA) 1.3 (NA) Michigan ........: 340.0 320.0 305.0 290.0 250.0 220.0 270.0 235.0 Minnesota .......: 2,890.0 2,940.0 2,660.0 2,850.0 1,730.0 1,750.0 1,510.0 1,480.0 Mississippi .....: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) Missouri ........: 1,160.0 1,350.0 490.0 580.0 630.0 670.0 390.0 460.0 Montana .........: 110.0 (NA) 30.0 (NA) 21.0 (NA) 22.0 (NA) Nebraska ........: 1,130.0 1,050.0 890.0 830.0 770.0 750.0 610.0 590.0 Nevada ..........: (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) New Hampshire ...: 0.5 (NA) 1.0 (NA) 1.1 (NA) 1.1 (NA) New Jersey ......: 1.1 (NA) 1.4 (NA) 1.2 (NA) 1.3 (NA) : New Mexico ......: 0.3 (NA) 0.4 (NA) 0.1 (NA) 0.2 (NA) New York ........: 7.0 (NA) 11.5 (NA) 9.5 (NA) 15.0 (NA) North Carolina ..: 2,760.0 2,820.0 1,520.0 1,620.0 1,370.0 1,420.0 1,470.0 1,570.0 North Dakota ....: 57.0 (NA) 22.0 (NA) 13.0 (NA) 15.0 (NA) Ohio ............: 710.0 730.0 550.0 630.0 520.0 550.0 630.0 590.0 Oklahoma ........: 740.0 840.0 345.0 325.0 210.0 240.0 340.0 285.0 Oregon ..........: 3.0 (NA) 2.5 (NA) 1.5 (NA) 2.5 (NA) Pennsylvania ....: 355.0 365.0 410.0 450.0 280.0 290.0 255.0 255.0 Rhode Island ....: 0.2 (NA) 0.4 (NA) 0.2 (NA) 0.3 (NA) South Carolina ..: 22.0 (NA) 29.0 (NA) 31.0 (NA) 32.0 (NA) : South Dakota ....: 790.0 815.0 420.0 385.0 350.0 350.0 395.0 370.0 Tennessee .......: 71.0 (NA) 67.0 (NA) 90.0 (NA) 61.0 (NA) Texas ...........: 270.0 295.0 270.0 280.0 170.0 180.0 280.0 265.0 Utah ............: 55.0 (NA) 40.0 (NA) 40.0 (NA) 40.0 (NA) Vermont .........: 1.0 (NA) 1.1 (NA) 1.0 (NA) 1.3 (NA) Virginia ........: 64.0 (NA) 62.0 (NA) 56.0 (NA) 59.0 (NA) Washington ......: 7.0 (NA) 8.5 (NA) 7.5 (NA) 8.0 (NA) West Virginia ...: 1.5 (NA) 0.5 (NA) 0.5 (NA) 1.0 (NA) Wisconsin .......: 120.0 (NA) 61.0 (NA) 76.0 (NA) 61.0 (NA) Wyoming .........: 61.0 (NA) 0.5 (NA) 0.5 (NA) 1.0 (NA) : Other States 1/ .: 57.0 830.3 13.0 387.7 10.6 365.9 15.1 377.2 : United States ...: 21,571.0 21,834.3 19,154.2 19,425.7 14,908.1 14,823.9 13,829.3 13,757.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Includes data for States not published in this table. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 170 121 440 440 100 580 610 105 Illinois ........: 650 670 103 4,800 4,930 103 5,450 5,600 103 Indiana .........: 250 250 100 4,150 4,150 100 4,400 4,400 100 Iowa ............: 900 820 91 22,900 24,380 106 23,800 25,200 106 Kansas ..........: 150 175 117 1,710 1,815 106 1,860 1,990 107 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,075 96 1,240 1,190 96 Minnesota .......: 500 480 96 8,700 8,620 99 9,200 9,100 99 Missouri ........: 470 425 90 2,880 2,825 98 3,350 3,250 97 Nebraska ........: 395 400 101 3,205 3,350 105 3,600 3,750 104 North Carolina ..: 790 760 96 7,310 6,640 91 8,100 7,400 91 : Ohio ............: 200 180 90 2,500 2,320 93 2,700 2,500 93 Oklahoma ........: 480 470 98 1,660 1,600 96 2,140 2,070 97 Pennsylvania ....: 135 150 111 1,185 1,310 111 1,320 1,460 111 South Dakota ....: 305 325 107 1,805 1,975 109 2,110 2,300 109 Texas ...........: 170 135 79 1,010 905 90 1,180 1,040 88 Utah ............: 35 35 100 255 55 22 290 90 31 : Other States 1/ .: 461 456 99 2,355 2,286 97 2,816 2,741 97 : United States ...: 6,146 6,016 98 67,990 68,676 101 74,136 74,691 101 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: March 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 225 230 90 80 55 55 70 75 Illinois ........: 1,335 1,510 1,580 1,560 1,135 1,140 750 720 Indiana .........: 1,090 1,070 1,220 1,250 1,000 1,030 840 800 Iowa ............: 5,420 6,030 7,240 7,550 5,930 6,160 4,310 4,640 Kansas ..........: 410 480 385 425 355 385 560 525 Michigan ........: 330 330 305 295 250 220 240 230 Minnesota .......: 2,610 2,830 2,660 2,580 2,040 2,010 1,390 1,200 Missouri ........: 1,310 1,245 530 585 650 660 390 335 Nebraska ........: 1,010 1,135 910 930 750 780 535 505 North Carolina ..: 2,730 2,600 1,580 1,460 1,570 1,350 1,430 1,230 : Ohio ............: 705 680 630 600 580 520 585 520 Oklahoma ........: 820 800 310 270 225 200 305 330 Pennsylvania ....: 325 360 355 395 265 300 240 255 South Dakota ....: 740 815 405 435 300 350 360 375 Texas ...........: 335 270 265 220 160 170 250 245 Utah ............: 105 35 55 6 45 7 50 7 : Other States 1/ .: 944 949 529 472 439 417 443 448 : United States ...: 20,444 21,369 19,049 19,113 15,749 15,754 12,748 12,440 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 145 165 114 435 485 111 580 650 112 Illinois ........: 670 660 99 4,780 5,040 105 5,450 5,700 105 Indiana .........: 260 250 96 4,190 4,150 99 4,450 4,400 99 Iowa ............: 910 820 90 22,990 23,880 104 23,900 24,700 103 Kansas ..........: 155 170 110 1,755 1,840 105 1,910 2,010 105 Michigan ........: 115 115 100 1,125 1,095 97 1,240 1,210 98 Minnesota .......: 520 500 96 8,380 8,900 106 8,900 9,400 106 Missouri ........: 455 415 91 2,795 2,935 105 3,250 3,350 103 Nebraska ........: 400 390 98 3,350 3,210 96 3,750 3,600 96 North Carolina ..: 800 770 96 7,000 6,830 98 7,800 7,600 97 : Ohio ............: 190 180 95 2,410 2,320 96 2,600 2,500 96 Oklahoma ........: 470 480 102 1,710 1,610 94 2,180 2,090 96 Pennsylvania ....: 140 145 104 1,210 1,285 106 1,350 1,430 106 South Dakota ....: 315 335 106 1,885 1,935 103 2,200 2,270 103 Texas ...........: 180 130 72 950 950 100 1,130 1,080 96 Utah ............: 30 35 117 255 75 29 285 110 39 : Other States 1/ .: 451 448 99 2,125 2,254 106 2,576 2,701 105 : United States ...: 6,206 6,008 97 67,345 68,794 102 73,551 74,801 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: June 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 200 240 100 100 60 70 75 75 Illinois ........: 1,340 1,500 1,610 1,620 1,040 1,140 790 780 Indiana .........: 1,080 1,050 1,260 1,230 980 970 870 900 Iowa ............: 6,150 6,150 7,130 7,420 5,300 5,680 4,410 4,630 Kansas ..........: 450 450 405 440 350 390 550 560 Michigan ........: 340 335 300 290 235 235 250 235 Minnesota .......: 2,850 2,790 2,590 2,820 1,600 1,860 1,340 1,430 Missouri ........: 1,290 1,260 540 620 610 665 355 390 Nebraska ........: 1,070 1,010 950 860 750 730 580 610 North Carolina ..: 2,720 2,620 1,530 1,460 1,420 1,450 1,330 1,300 : Ohio ............: 690 640 610 610 560 520 550 550 Oklahoma ........: 840 770 360 330 195 210 315 300 Pennsylvania ....: 315 365 385 390 290 300 220 230 South Dakota ....: 755 815 410 425 345 340 375 355 Texas ...........: 265 285 275 250 165 195 245 220 Utah ............: 105 53 55 7 45 8 50 7 : Other States 1/ .: 824 896 472 486 399 427 430 445 : United States ...: 21,284 21,229 18,982 19,358 14,344 15,190 12,735 13,017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Breeding, Market, and Total Inventory - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Breeding : Market : Total :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : :2024 as: : :2024 as: : :2024 as : 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent: 2023 : 2024 :percent : : :of 2023: : :of 2023: : :of 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent -- 1,000 head -- percent -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 140 140 100 460 460 100 600 600 100 Illinois ........: 670 650 97 4,780 4,900 103 5,450 5,550 102 Indiana .........: 270 250 93 4,280 4,200 98 4,550 4,450 98 Iowa ............: 900 830 92 24,000 24,470 102 24,900 25,300 102 Kansas ..........: 175 170 97 1,805 1,800 100 1,980 1,970 99 Michigan ........: 115 110 96 1,165 1,060 91 1,280 1,170 91 Minnesota .......: 510 520 102 8,590 8,780 102 9,100 9,300 102 Missouri ........: 420 420 100 2,980 3,030 102 3,400 3,450 101 Nebraska ........: 410 420 102 3,390 3,230 95 3,800 3,650 96 North Carolina ..: 800 780 98 7,300 7,420 102 8,100 8,200 101 : Ohio ............: 200 190 95 2,500 2,410 96 2,700 2,600 96 Oklahoma ........: 460 470 102 1,790 1,670 93 2,250 2,140 95 Pennsylvania ....: 145 155 107 1,295 1,315 102 1,440 1,470 102 South Dakota ....: 320 320 100 1,890 1,940 103 2,210 2,260 102 Texas ...........: 160 150 94 1,050 990 94 1,210 1,140 94 Utah ............: 30 35 117 260 70 27 290 105 36 : Other States 1/ .: 454 434 96 2,224 2,307 104 2,678 2,740 102 : United States ...: 6,179 6,044 98 69,759 70,052 100 75,938 76,095 100 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Market Inventory by Weight Group - States and United States: September 1, 2023 and 2024 [Weight groups may not add to market inventory due to rounding] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Under : 50-119 : 120-179 : 180 pounds : 50 pounds : pounds : pounds : and over State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Colorado ........: 210 220 100 95 65 55 85 90 Illinois ........: 1,395 1,470 1,495 1,590 1,090 1,110 800 730 Indiana .........: 1,100 1,110 1,300 1,220 1,000 990 880 880 Iowa ............: 6,430 6,560 8,140 8,210 5,230 5,280 4,200 4,420 Kansas ..........: 490 470 420 450 355 380 540 500 Michigan ........: 355 320 320 305 240 215 250 220 Minnesota .......: 2,960 2,980 2,790 2,900 1,710 1,650 1,130 1,250 Missouri ........: 1,280 1,300 600 605 680 675 420 450 Nebraska ........: 1,130 1,050 960 900 720 690 580 590 North Carolina ..: 2,990 2,980 1,570 1,620 1,390 1,400 1,350 1,420 : Ohio ............: 760 700 650 630 530 520 560 560 Oklahoma ........: 875 810 385 345 240 220 290 295 Pennsylvania ....: 370 380 410 425 310 305 205 205 South Dakota ....: 780 815 410 420 320 345 380 360 Texas ...........: 370 320 300 285 150 165 230 220 Utah ............: 95 48 60 7 50 8 55 7 : Other States 1/ .: 857 896 495 495 412 439 460 477 : United States ...: 22,447 22,429 20,405 20,502 14,492 14,447 12,415 12,674 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Annual Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-November 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :---- 1,000 head ---- percent ----- number ---- ----- 1,000 head ---- percent : Alabama ...........: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) Alaska ............: 0.40 (NA) (NA) 7.00 (NA) 2.80 (NA) (NA) Arizona ...........: 26.50 (NA) (NA) 10.94 (NA) 290.00 (NA) (NA) Arkansas ..........: 76.00 (NA) (NA) 12.38 (NA) 941.00 (NA) (NA) California ........: 6.00 (NA) (NA) 5.00 (NA) 30.00 (NA) (NA) Colorado ..........: 247.00 268.00 109 10.30 10.62 2,545.00 2,846.00 112 Connecticut .......: 0.40 (NA) (NA) 8.75 (NA) 3.50 (NA) (NA) Delaware ..........: 3.90 (NA) (NA) 11.00 (NA) 43.00 (NA) (NA) Florida ...........: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) Georgia ...........: 24.00 (NA) (NA) 10.42 (NA) 250.00 (NA) (NA) : Hawaii ............: 2.00 (NA) (NA) 6.50 (NA) 13.00 (NA) (NA) Idaho .............: 12.50 (NA) (NA) 9.76 (NA) 122.00 (NA) (NA) Illinois ..........: 1,140.00 1,195.00 105 11.24 11.37 12,816.00 13,586.00 106 Indiana ...........: 505.00 488.00 97 11.39 11.69 5,752.00 5,706.00 99 Iowa ..............: 1,885.00 1,815.00 96 11.70 11.82 22,052.00 21,456.00 97 Kansas ............: 328.00 343.00 105 10.91 11.73 3,578.00 4,022.00 112 Kentucky ..........: 103.00 99.00 96 10.47 10.75 1,078.00 1,064.00 99 Louisiana .........: 1.30 (NA) (NA) 6.31 (NA) 8.20 (NA) (NA) Maine .............: 0.80 (NA) (NA) 6.88 (NA) 5.50 (NA) (NA) Maryland ..........: 4.00 (NA) (NA) 10.00 (NA) 40.00 (NA) (NA) : Massachusetts .....: 1.20 (NA) (NA) 8.17 (NA) 9.80 (NA) (NA) Michigan ..........: 219.00 209.00 95 11.08 11.33 2,426.00 2,367.00 98 Minnesota .........: 1,075.00 1,075.00 100 12.05 12.27 12,955.00 13,189.00 102 Mississippi .......: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) Missouri ..........: 890.00 890.00 100 11.39 11.43 10,138.00 10,215.00 101 Montana ...........: 106.00 (NA) (NA) 12.35 (NA) 1,309.00 (NA) (NA) Nebraska ..........: 730.00 745.00 102 11.58 11.90 8,452.00 8,866.00 105 Nevada ............: (D) (NA) (NA) (D) (NA) (D) (NA) (NA) New Hampshire .....: 0.40 (NA) (NA) 7.50 (NA) 3.00 (NA) (NA) New Jersey ........: 1.00 (NA) (NA) 5.60 (NA) 5.60 (NA) (NA) : New Mexico ........: 0.40 (NA) (NA) 6.00 (NA) 2.40 (NA) (NA) New York ..........: 4.00 (NA) (NA) 9.43 (NA) 38.00 (NA) (NA) North Carolina ....: 1,645.00 1,610.00 98 11.14 11.55 18,324.00 18,633.00 102 North Dakota ......: 86.50 (NA) (NA) 11.45 (NA) 990.00 (NA) (NA) Ohio ..............: 381.00 381.00 100 11.19 11.34 4,262.00 4,319.00 101 Oklahoma ..........: 815.00 780.00 96 10.76 11.09 8,770.00 8,662.00 99 Oregon ............: 1.30 (NA) (NA) 8.69 (NA) 11.00 (NA) (NA) Pennsylvania ......: 195.00 192.00 98 11.59 11.85 2,260.00 2,276.00 101 Rhode Island ......: 0.40 (NA) (NA) 7.00 (NA) 2.80 (NA) (NA) South Carolina ....: 14.20 (NA) (NA) 10.00 (NA) 142.00 (NA) (NA) : South Dakota ......: 585.00 640.00 109 12.75 13.02 7,458.00 8,335.00 112 Tennessee .........: 73.50 (NA) (NA) 12.00 (NA) 882.00 (NA) (NA) Texas .............: 301.00 264.00 88 11.50 11.55 3,460.00 3,049.00 88 Utah ..............: 58.00 (NA) (NA) 10.62 (NA) 616.00 (NA) (NA) Vermont ...........: 0.80 (NA) (NA) 7.00 (NA) 5.60 (NA) (NA) Virginia ..........: 6.20 (NA) (NA) 10.97 (NA) 68.00 (NA) (NA) Washington ........: 3.20 (NA) (NA) 10.19 (NA) 33.00 (NA) (NA) West Virginia .....: 1.00 (NA) (NA) 8.70 (NA) 8.70 (NA) (NA) Wisconsin .........: 97.00 (NA) (NA) 11.39 (NA) 1,105.00 (NA) (NA) Wyoming ...........: 93.00 (NA) (NA) 9.40 (NA) 874.00 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ ...: 130.20 826.30 (NA) 11.08 11.50 1,442.00 9,501.10 (NA) : United States .....:11,880.10 11,820.30 99 11.42 11.68 135,622.90 138,092.10 102 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Includes data for States not published in this table. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: December-February 2023-2025 [December preceding year. May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2024 as State : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 2/ : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 60 64 (NA) (NA) 9.90 10.00 594 640 108 Illinois ...........: 280 310 285 92 10.60 11.00 2,968 3,410 115 Indiana ............: 125 120 130 108 11.25 11.30 1,406 1,356 96 Iowa ...............: 480 440 475 108 11.45 11.80 5,496 5,192 94 Kansas .............: 80 85 82 96 10.25 11.55 820 982 120 Michigan ...........: 55 52 52 100 10.70 11.40 589 593 101 Minnesota ..........: 260 270 255 94 11.95 12.20 3,107 3,294 106 Missouri ...........: 230 220 220 100 10.60 11.30 2,438 2,486 102 Nebraska ...........: 180 190 190 100 11.25 12.10 2,025 2,299 114 North Carolina .....: 410 400 390 98 10.70 11.15 4,387 4,460 102 Ohio ...............: 90 91 98 108 10.70 11.45 963 1,042 108 Oklahoma ...........: 205 185 185 100 10.15 10.90 2,081 2,017 97 Pennsylvania .......: 47 46 50 109 11.40 11.80 536 543 101 South Dakota .......: 142 161 156 97 12.80 12.80 1,818 2,061 113 Texas ..............: 73 67 63 94 11.40 11.70 832 784 94 Utah ...............: 14 12 (NA) (NA) 9.60 11.90 134 143 107 : Other States 3/ ....: 221 216 299 139 10.61 11.39 2,343 2,454 105 : United States ......: 2,952 2,929 2,930 100 11.02 11.53 32,537 33,756 104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born December-February that were still on hand March 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: March-May 2023-2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2025 as : : : : : 2024 as : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 2/ : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : : of 2024 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- 1,000 head -------- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 62 73 (NA) (NA) 10.40 10.20 645 745 116 Illinois ...........: 275 295 285 97 11.35 11.15 3,121 3,289 105 Indiana ............: 125 120 130 108 11.10 11.55 1,388 1,386 100 Iowa ...............: 470 425 475 112 11.75 11.95 5,523 5,079 92 Kansas .............: 80 86 83 97 10.80 11.60 864 998 116 Michigan ...........: 54 53 50 94 11.10 11.30 599 599 100 Minnesota ..........: 265 270 260 96 12.10 12.25 3,207 3,308 103 Missouri ...........: 225 220 225 102 11.10 11.20 2,498 2,464 99 Nebraska ...........: 180 175 195 111 11.40 11.90 2,052 2,083 102 North Carolina .....: 405 400 390 98 11.00 11.35 4,455 4,540 102 Ohio ...............: 93 92 96 104 11.30 11.20 1,051 1,030 98 Oklahoma ...........: 205 190 190 100 10.70 11.10 2,194 2,109 96 Pennsylvania .......: 47 48 55 115 11.45 12.00 538 576 107 South Dakota .......: 141 164 155 95 12.90 12.90 1,819 2,116 116 Texas ..............: 74 64 63 98 11.20 11.10 829 710 86 Utah ...............: 16 16 (NA) (NA) 10.90 9.70 174 155 (NA) : Other States 3/ ....: 224 222 301 136 10.98 11.16 2,457 2,474 101 : United States ......: 2,941 2,913 2,953 101 11.36 11.56 33,414 33,661 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born March-May that were still on hand June 1, or had been sold. 2/ Intentions. 3/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: June-August 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as State : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent ---- number --- -- 1,000 head -- percent : Colorado ........: 63 66 105 10.40 11.10 655 733 112 Illinois ........: 290 300 103 11.60 11.50 3,364 3,450 103 Indiana .........: 130 125 96 11.50 12.00 1,495 1,500 100 Iowa ............: 480 470 98 11.80 11.95 5,664 5,617 99 Kansas ..........: 85 86 101 11.20 11.90 952 1,023 107 Michigan ........: 53 52 98 11.10 11.20 588 582 99 Minnesota .......: 270 285 106 12.10 12.10 3,267 3,449 106 Missouri ........: 225 225 100 12.20 11.20 2,745 2,520 92 Nebraska ........: 185 190 103 11.80 11.70 2,183 2,223 102 North Carolina ..: 420 415 99 11.30 11.60 4,746 4,814 101 : Ohio ............: 100 100 100 11.50 11.10 1,150 1,110 97 Oklahoma ........: 205 205 100 11.00 11.15 2,255 2,286 101 Pennsylvania ....: 52 50 96 11.60 12.10 603 605 100 South Dakota ....: 148 157 106 12.60 13.20 1,865 2,072 111 Texas ...........: 82 68 83 11.40 11.20 935 762 81 Utah ............: 15 16 107 11.00 11.30 165 181 110 : Other States 2/ .: 223 214 96 11.22 11.72 2,502 2,510 100 : United States ...: 3,026 3,024 100 11.61 11.72 35,134 35,437 101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Number of pigs born June-August that were still on hand September 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Sows Farrowing, Pigs per Litter, and Pig Crop - States and United States: September-November 2023 and 2024 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Sows Farrowing : Pigs per litter : Pig crop 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : 2024 as : : : : : 2024 as State : 2023 : 2024 : percent : 2023 : 2024 : 2023 : 2024 : percent : : : of 2023 : : : : : of 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- 1,000 head -- percent ----- number ---- --- 1,000 head --- percent : Colorado ...........: 62 65 105 10.50 11.20 651 728 112 Illinois ...........: 295 290 98 11.40 11.85 3,363 3,437 102 Indiana ............: 125 123 98 11.70 11.90 1,463 1,464 100 Iowa ...............: 455 480 105 11.80 11.60 5,369 5,568 104 Kansas .............: 83 86 104 11.35 11.85 942 1,019 108 Michigan ...........: 57 52 91 11.40 11.40 650 593 91 Minnesota ..........: 280 250 89 12.05 12.55 3,374 3,138 93 Missouri ...........: 210 225 107 11.70 12.20 2,457 2,745 112 Nebraska ...........: 185 190 103 11.85 11.90 2,192 2,261 103 North Carolina .....: 410 395 96 11.55 12.20 4,736 4,819 102 : Ohio ...............: 98 98 100 11.20 11.60 1,098 1,137 104 Oklahoma ...........: 200 200 100 11.20 11.25 2,240 2,250 100 Pennsylvania .......: 49 48 98 11.90 11.50 583 552 95 South Dakota .......: 154 158 103 12.70 13.20 1,956 2,086 107 Texas ..............: 72 65 90 12.00 12.20 864 793 92 Utah ...............: 13 (NA) (NA) 11.00 (NA) 143 (NA) (NA) : Other States 2/ ....: 214 230 108 11.50 11.51 2,456 2,648 108 : United States ......: 2,962 2,955 100 11.66 11.92 34,537 35,238 102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Number of pigs born September-November that were still on hand December 1, or had been sold. 2/ Individual State estimates not available for the 34 Other States. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of 6,046 United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all hog and pig producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large operations were sampled more heavily than small operations. During the first half of December 2024, data were collected from about 3,200 operations. The data collected were received by electronic data reporting, mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews. Regardless of when operations responded, they were asked to report inventories as of December 1, 2024. Estimating Procedures: Hogs and pigs estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each regional field office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from past years using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds the estimates of births and imports, and subtracts the estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve quarter to quarter relationships. Estimates for the previous four quarters are subject to revision when current estimates are made. In December, estimates are reviewed from all quarters of the current year, all quarters of the previous year, and December two years prior. The reviews are primarily based on hog check-off receipts and slaughter. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Department of Agriculture five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations raising hogs are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the following table. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the difference between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for hog inventory estimates over the past 20 quarters is 1.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 75.8 million head by more than 1.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 2.6 percent. Reliability of Quarterly Hog Estimates [Based on data for the previous 20 quarters] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Quarters : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent --------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : All hogs and pigs.............: 1.5 2.6 892 15 2,350 11 9 : Pig crop......................: 1.8 3.1 518 14 1,211 13 7 : Expected farrowings : : Second intentions ..........: 2.3 4.0 53 2 189 13 7 : First intentions ...........: 2.3 4.0 58 5 182 11 9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Records by Quarter - United States: 1866 to Present [This table provides data users with record high estimates of all hogs and pigs, market hogs, pig crop, and pigs per litter since each data series began] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : Estimate : Record high : Series began ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head year year : All hogs and pigs : March 1.....................: 76,104 2020 1988 June 1......................: 77,514 2020 1964 September 1.................: 78,963 2019 1988 December 1..................: 83,741 1943 1866 : Market : March 1.....................: 69,629 2020 1988 June 1......................: 71,038 2020 1964 September 1.................: 72,503 2019 1988 December 1..................: 70,846 2020 1963 : Pig crop : December-February1/ ........: 34,919 2020 1970 March-May...................: 34,595 2019 1970 June-August.................: 36,370 2019 1970 September-November..........: 35,238 2024 1970 : : number year year : Pigs per litter : December-February1/ ........: 11.53 2024 1970 March-May...................: 11.56 2024 1970 June-August.................: 11.72 2024 1970 September-November..........: 11.92 2024 1970 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ December preceding year. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ...... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........ (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ....... (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows.. (202) 720-3278 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products .............. (202) 690-3347 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs ............ (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ........ (202) 720-4448 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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