United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service ISSN: 1949- 1867 Land Values 2025 Summary August 2025 Contents Agricultural Land Values Highlights....................................................... 4 Average Farm Real Estate Value - United States: 2011-2025 Chart........................... 5 2025 Farm Real Estate Value by State - Dollars per Acre and Percent Change from 2024 Map.. 5 Average Cropland Value - United States: 2011-2025 Chart................................... 6 2025 Cropland Value by State - Dollars per Acre and Percent Change from 2024 Map.......... 6 Average Pasture Value - United States: 2011-2025 Chart.................................... 7 2025 Pasture Value by State - Dollars per Acre and Percent Change from 2024 Map........... 7 Farm Real Estate Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025... 8 Cropland Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025........... 10 Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Cropland Average Value per Acre - States: 2021-2025........... 12 Pasture Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025............ 14 Value of Farmland and Buildings - States and United States: 2020-2024..................... 16 Economic Regions ......................................................................... 18 Statistical Methodology................................................................... 19 Terms and Definitions..................................................................... 20 Information Contacts...................................................................... 21 Agricultural Land Values Highlights The United States farm real estate value, a measurement of the value of all land and buildings on farms, averaged $4,350 per acre for 2025, up $180 per acre (4.3 percent) from 2024. The United States cropland value averaged $5,830 per acre, an increase of $260 per acre (4.7 percent) from the previous year. The United States pasture value averaged $1,920 per acre, an increase of $90 per acre (4.9 percent) from 2024. Farm Real Estate Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------- dollars ------------------ percent : Northeast ..........: 6,050 6,580 6,890 7,070 7,300 3.3 Connecticut ......: 12,400 13,500 13,900 14,300 14,400 0.7 Delaware .........: 9,140 9,570 9,520 (D) 9,550 (X) Maine ............: 2,750 3,090 3,170 3,260 3,350 2.8 Maryland .........: 8,430 9,350 9,260 9,470 9,750 3.0 Massachusetts ....: 12,900 14,000 13,800 14,300 14,900 4.2 New Hampshire ....: 5,350 5,770 5,940 6,250 6,500 4.0 New Jersey .......: 13,500 14,200 16,000 16,200 16,600 2.5 New York .........: 3,460 3,720 3,960 4,150 4,300 3.6 Pennsylvania .....: 7,020 7,660 8,020 8,160 8,490 4.0 Rhode Island .....: 17,400 18,900 20,100 22,000 22,500 2.3 Vermont ..........: 3,660 3,860 4,140 4,350 4,400 1.1 : Lake States ........: 5,050 5,680 6,070 6,330 6,690 5.7 Michigan .........: 5,040 5,470 5,880 6,310 6,800 7.8 Minnesota ........: 5,000 5,780 6,110 6,450 6,790 5.3 Wisconsin ........: 5,150 5,640 6,120 6,120 6,420 4.9 : Corn Belt ..........: 6,360 7,220 7,650 7,930 8,250 4.0 Illinois .........: 7,440 8,220 8,420 8,700 8,930 2.6 Indiana ..........: 6,700 7,400 8,260 8,510 8,850 4.0 Iowa .............: 7,420 8,880 9,250 9,420 9,790 3.9 Missouri .........: 3,760 4,230 4,610 4,800 5,000 4.2 Ohio .............: 6,720 7,380 8,040 8,760 9,350 6.7 : Northern Plains ....: 2,180 2,570 2,860 3,050 3,200 4.9 Kansas ...........: 1,970 2,420 2,750 2,970 3,100 4.4 Nebraska .........: 2,910 3,450 3,820 4,080 4,250 4.2 North Dakota .....: 1,730 1,920 2,140 2,260 2,360 4.4 South Dakota .....: 2,060 2,390 2,630 2,780 2,970 6.8 : Appalachian ........: 4,270 4,600 4,900 5,320 5,590 5.1 Kentucky .........: 4,120 4,520 4,930 5,300 5,480 3.4 North Carolina ...: 4,750 4,860 4,850 5,190 5,470 5.4 Tennessee ........: 4,290 4,740 5,160 5,710 6,150 7.7 Virginia .........: 4,600 4,950 5,300 5,850 6,100 4.3 West Virginia ....: 2,820 3,080 3,300 3,420 3,520 2.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Farm Real Estate Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------- dollars ------------------ percent : Southeast ..........: 4,340 4,720 5,020 5,490 5,750 4.7 Alabama ..........: 3,290 3,520 3,660 4,000 4,150 3.8 Florida ..........: 6,240 6,920 7,320 8,300 8,700 4.8 Georgia ..........: 3,630 3,900 4,270 4,500 4,720 4.9 South Carolina ...: 3,790 4,070 4,360 4,500 4,740 5.3 : Delta States .......: 3,320 3,540 3,660 3,810 3,930 3.1 Arkansas .........: 3,570 3,800 3,920 4,110 4,250 3.4 Louisiana ........: 3,270 3,490 3,600 3,720 3,850 3.5 Mississippi ......: 3,030 3,240 3,370 3,490 3,580 2.6 : Southern Plains ....: 2,160 2,360 2,530 2,720 2,880 5.9 Oklahoma .........: 1,900 2,070 2,210 2,400 2,540 5.8 Texas ............: 2,230 2,440 2,610 2,800 2,970 6.1 : Mountain ...........: 1,330 1,470 1,550 1,600 1,660 3.8 Arizona 1/ .......: 3,660 3,860 3,780 4,000 4,180 4.5 Colorado .........: 1,700 1,910 2,150 2,200 2,290 4.1 Idaho ............: 3,550 3,990 4,190 4,390 4,580 4.3 Montana ..........: 985 1,110 1,180 1,200 1,230 2.5 Nevada 1/ ........: 1,050 1,110 1,120 1,150 1,200 4.3 New Mexico 1/ ....: 635 658 671 700 725 3.6 Utah 1/ ..........: 2,680 2,890 3,040 3,300 3,500 6.1 Wyoming ..........: 836 917 968 975 1,000 2.6 : Pacific ............: 6,710 7,440 7,850 8,040 8,210 2.1 California .......: 11,300 12,600 13,100 13,400 13,700 2.2 Oregon ...........: 2,950 3,280 3,500 3,720 3,780 1.6 Washington .......: 3,070 3,350 3,510 3,620 3,710 2.5 : United States 2/ ...: 3,330 3,720 3,970 4,170 4,350 4.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Excludes American Indian Reservation land. 2/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Cropland Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------- dollars ------------------ percent : Northeast ..........: 6,540 7,160 7,530 7,690 7,900 2.7 Connecticut ......: (D) (D) (D) (D) 22,700 (X) Delaware .........: 8,450 8,980 9,230 (D) 9,300 (X) Maine ............: (D) (D) (D) (D) 4,600 (X) Maryland .........: 7,740 8,430 8,540 8,770 8,990 2.5 Massachusetts ....: (D) (D) (D) (D) 26,000 (X) New Hampshire ....: (D) (D) (D) (D) 9,900 (X) New Jersey .......: 13,900 14,700 16,400 16,300 16,400 0.6 New York .........: 3,080 3,400 3,630 3,850 4,010 4.2 Pennsylvania .....: 7,850 8,650 9,080 9,270 9,560 3.1 Rhode Island .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) 32,900 (X) Vermont ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) 4,350 (X) : Lake States ........: 4,970 5,680 6,210 6,470 6,940 7.3 Michigan .........: 4,470 4,960 5,420 5,870 6,350 8.2 Minnesota ........: 5,030 5,830 6,310 6,540 7,000 7.0 Wisconsin ........: 5,240 5,940 6,620 6,800 7,250 6.6 : Corn Belt ..........: 6,730 7,660 8,190 8,560 8,940 4.4 Illinois .........: 7,800 8,700 9,250 9,550 9,850 3.1 Indiana ..........: 6,420 7,170 7,620 7,870 8,250 4.8 Iowa .............: 7,490 8,830 9,410 9,800 10,300 5.1 Missouri .........: 3,870 4,400 4,720 4,910 5,150 4.9 Ohio .............: 6,920 7,740 8,450 9,270 9,750 5.2 : Northern Plains ....: 2,890 3,400 3,790 4,040 4,220 4.5 Kansas ...........: 2,230 2,710 3,080 3,300 3,440 4.2 Nebraska .........: 4,660 5,520 6,150 6,540 6,800 4.0 North Dakota .....: 1,960 2,200 2,450 2,600 2,710 4.2 South Dakota .....: 3,190 3,710 4,100 4,350 4,610 6.0 : Appalachian ........: 4,380 4,840 5,220 5,660 5,950 5.1 Kentucky .........: 4,650 5,200 5,720 6,220 6,450 3.7 North Carolina ...: 4,260 4,650 4,800 5,120 5,360 4.7 Tennessee ........: 4,160 4,590 5,060 5,610 6,050 7.8 Virginia .........: 4,690 5,100 5,490 5,930 6,170 4.0 West Virginia ....: 3,390 3,700 3,920 4,050 4,220 4.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Cropland Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------- dollars ------------------ percent : Southeast ..........: 4,390 4,830 5,260 5,640 5,860 3.9 Alabama ..........: 3,650 4,040 4,160 4,440 4,550 2.5 Florida ..........: 7,570 8,340 9,290 10,170 10,550 3.7 Georgia ..........: 3,450 3,760 4,120 4,330 4,520 4.4 South Carolina ...: 3,050 3,370 3,600 3,800 4,000 5.3 : Delta States .......: 3,140 3,390 3,510 3,650 3,750 2.7 Arkansas .........: 3,080 3,330 3,460 3,600 3,720 3.3 Louisiana ........: 3,030 3,250 3,330 3,480 3,570 2.6 Mississippi ......: 3,340 3,610 3,760 3,880 3,960 2.1 : Southern Plains ....: 1,960 2,240 2,390 2,500 2,640 5.6 Oklahoma .........: 1,710 1,940 2,130 2,310 2,470 6.9 Texas ............: 2,060 2,360 2,490 2,570 2,710 5.4 : Mountain ...........: 2,210 2,480 2,610 2,700 2,800 3.7 Arizona 1/ .......: 7,600 7,900 8,000 (D) 8,150 (X) Colorado .........: 2,370 2,670 2,870 2,810 2,880 2.5 Idaho ............: 4,720 5,330 5,650 5,820 6,050 4.0 Montana ..........: 1,110 1,250 1,290 1,280 1,320 3.1 Nevada 1/ ........: (D) (D) (D) (D) 3,030 (X) New Mexico 1/ ....: 1,760 1,930 1,990 2,000 2,020 1.0 Utah 1/ ..........: 4,290 4,680 4,870 5,280 5,790 9.7 Wyoming ..........: 1,700 1,850 1,940 1,960 2,000 2.0 : Pacific ............: 8,090 9,060 9,540 9,520 9,830 3.3 California .......: 14,370 16,170 16,820 17,330 17,940 3.5 Oregon ...........: 3,500 3,940 4,090 4,350 4,440 2.1 Washington .......: 2,860 3,180 3,300 3,410 3,480 2.1 : United States 2/ ...: 4,350 4,940 5,320 5,570 5,830 4.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Excludes American Indian Reservation land. 2/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Cropland Average Value per Acre - States: 2021-2025 [Only states with significant irrigated acreage appear in this table] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region, State, : : : : : : Change and Land type : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------ dollars ------------------ percent : Corn Belt : Missouri, all cropland ....: 3,870 4,400 4,720 4,910 5,150 4.9 Irrigated ..............: 4,880 5,500 5,740 6,000 6,150 2.5 Non-irrigated ..........: 3,760 4,280 4,610 4,800 5,050 5.2 : Northern Plains : Kansas, all cropland ......: 2,230 2,710 3,080 3,300 3,440 4.2 Irrigated ..............: 3,470 3,680 4,220 4,460 4,500 0.9 Non-irrigated ..........: 2,110 2,620 2,980 3,200 3,350 4.7 : Nebraska, all cropland ....: 4,660 5,520 6,150 6,540 6,800 4.0 Irrigated ..............: 6,130 7,310 8,020 8,550 8,850 3.5 Non-irrigated ..........: 3,750 4,420 5,000 5,350 5,600 4.7 : South Dakota, all cropland : 3,190 3,710 4,100 4,350 4,610 6.0 Irrigated ..............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (X) Non-irrigated ..........: 3,160 3,680 4,070 4,330 4,590 6.0 : Southeast : Florida, all cropland .....: 7,570 8,340 9,290 10,170 10,550 3.7 Irrigated ..............: 8,660 9,540 10,600 11,800 12,400 5.1 Non-irrigated ..........: 6,550 7,230 8,060 8,800 9,000 2.3 : Georgia, all cropland .....: 3,450 3,760 4,120 4,330 4,520 4.4 Irrigated ..............: 4,300 4,530 4,710 5,000 5,330 6.6 Non-irrigated ..........: 3,100 3,450 3,880 4,070 4,210 3.4 : Delta States : Arkansas, all cropland ....: 3,080 3,330 3,460 3,600 3,720 3.3 Irrigated ..............: 3,600 3,850 4,010 4,200 4,300 2.4 Non-irrigated ..........: 2,240 2,480 2,570 2,710 2,850 5.2 : Louisiana, all cropland ...: 3,030 3,250 3,330 3,480 3,570 2.6 Irrigated ..............: 2,920 3,160 3,290 3,390 3,600 6.2 Non-irrigated ..........: 3,070 3,290 3,350 3,520 3,560 1.1 : Mississippi, all cropland .: 3,340 3,610 3,760 3,880 3,960 2.1 Irrigated ..............: 3,920 4,210 4,420 4,580 4,650 1.5 Non-irrigated ..........: 3,000 3,260 3,380 3,470 3,550 2.3 : Southern Plains : Oklahoma, all cropland ....: 1,710 1,940 2,130 2,310 2,470 6.9 Irrigated ..............: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (X) Non-irrigated ..........: 1,700 1,930 2,120 2,300 2,460 7.0 : Texas, all cropland .......: 2,060 2,360 2,490 2,570 2,710 5.4 Irrigated ..............: 2,400 2,700 2,900 3,150 3,380 7.3 Non-irrigated ..........: 2,000 2,300 2,420 2,500 2,620 4.8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Irrigated and Non-Irrigated Cropland Average Value per Acre - States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Only states with significant irrigated acreage appear in this table] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region, State, : : : : : : Change and Land type : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------------- dollars ---------------- percent : Mountain : Arizona, all cropland 1/ ....: 7,600 7,900 8,000 (D) 8,150 (X) Irrigated ................: 7,600 7,900 8,000 (D) 8,150 (X) : Colorado, all cropland ......: 2,370 2,670 2,870 2,810 2,880 2.5 Irrigated ................: 5,700 6,200 6,620 6,620 6,850 3.5 Non-irrigated ............: 1,480 1,730 1,870 1,950 1,990 2.1 : Idaho, all cropland .........: 4,720 5,330 5,650 5,820 6,050 4.0 Irrigated ................: 7,210 8,140 8,650 8,950 9,290 3.8 Non-irrigated ............: 2,000 2,260 2,360 2,420 2,530 4.5 : Montana, all cropland .......: 1,110 1,250 1,290 1,280 1,320 3.1 Irrigated ................: 3,230 3,770 3,910 4,120 4,350 5.6 Non-irrigated ............: 884 981 1,010 1,030 1,050 1.9 : Nevada, all cropland 1/ .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) 3,030 (X) Irrigated ................: (D) (D) (D) (D) 3,030 (X) : New Mexico, all cropland 1/ .: 1,760 1,930 1,990 2,000 2,020 1.0 Irrigated ................: 4,820 5,290 5,450 7,350 7,400 0.7 Non-irrigated ............: 513 561 583 620 630 1.6 : Utah, all cropland 1/ .......: 4,290 4,680 4,870 5,280 5,790 9.7 Irrigated ................: 6,800 7,460 7,760 8,950 9,810 9.6 Non-irrigated ............: 1,590 1,700 1,760 1,900 2,090 10.0 : Wyoming, all cropland .......: 1,700 1,850 1,940 1,960 2,000 2.0 Irrigated ................: 2,700 2,970 3,100 3,300 3,360 1.8 Non-irrigated ............: 942 1,010 1,060 1,090 1,130 3.7 : Pacific : California, all cropland ....: 14,370 16,170 16,820 17,330 17,940 3.5 Irrigated ................: 16,900 19,000 19,700 20,200 20,900 3.5 Non-irrigated ............: 6,120 6,930 7,400 7,700 8,000 3.9 : Oregon, all cropland ........: 3,500 3,940 4,090 4,350 4,440 2.1 Irrigated ................: 6,130 6,850 7,260 7,650 8,000 4.6 Non-irrigated ............: 2,470 2,810 2,860 3,010 3,000 -0.3 : Washington, all cropland ....: 2,860 3,180 3,300 3,410 3,480 2.1 Irrigated ................: 8,260 9,080 9,350 9,600 9,800 2.1 Non-irrigated ............: 1,390 1,570 1,650 1,700 1,730 1.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Excludes American Indian Reservation land. Pasture Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------- dollars ------------------ percent : Northeast ..........: 4,020 4,290 4,480 4,670 4,750 1.7 Connecticut ......: (D) (D) (D) (D) 12,700 (X) Delaware .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) 7,650 (X) Maine ............: (D) (D) (D) (D) 2,600 (X) Maryland .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) 8,100 (X) Massachusetts ....: (D) (D) (D) (D) 15,100 (X) New Hampshire ....: (D) (D) (D) (D) 7,850 (X) New Jersey .......: 12,600 13,300 15,000 15,000 15,200 1.3 New York .........: 1,670 1,750 1,840 1,910 1,950 2.1 Pennsylvania .....: 3,550 3,960 4,090 4,160 4,240 1.9 Rhode Island .....: (D) (D) (D) (D) 16,900 (X) Vermont ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) 2,830 (X) : Lake States ........: 2,190 2,390 2,560 2,730 2,830 3.7 Michigan .........: 2,610 2,710 2,850 2,970 3,100 4.4 Minnesota ........: 1,750 1,890 1,940 2,210 2,300 4.1 Wisconsin ........: 2,500 2,800 3,110 3,200 3,300 3.1 : Corn Belt ..........: 2,510 2,730 2,860 3,000 3,120 4.0 Illinois .........: 3,350 3,570 3,720 3,970 4,200 5.8 Indiana ..........: 2,350 2,500 2,590 2,670 2,790 4.5 Iowa .............: 2,850 3,000 3,170 3,500 3,650 4.3 Missouri .........: 2,200 2,450 2,560 2,650 2,750 3.8 Ohio .............: 3,500 3,690 3,810 4,000 4,150 3.8 : Northern Plains ....: 1,060 1,220 1,360 1,450 1,560 7.6 Kansas ...........: 1,410 1,700 1,930 2,100 2,270 8.1 Nebraska .........: 1,010 1,140 1,300 1,400 1,510 7.9 North Dakota .....: 798 871 987 1,050 1,140 8.6 South Dakota .....: 997 1,130 1,210 1,270 1,340 5.5 : Appalachian ........: 3,630 3,880 4,180 4,500 4,680 4.0 Kentucky .........: 3,170 3,380 3,570 3,770 3,900 3.4 North Carolina ...: 4,820 5,150 5,480 5,810 6,050 4.1 Tennessee ........: 4,030 4,490 4,960 5,360 5,600 4.5 Virginia .........: 3,970 4,130 4,480 5,090 5,300 4.1 West Virginia ....: 2,180 2,200 2,220 2,250 2,330 3.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Pasture Average Value per Acre - Regions, States, and United States: 2021-2025 (continued) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 :2024-2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------------ dollars ------------------ percent : Southeast ..........: 4,410 4,660 4,980 5,510 5,720 3.8 Alabama ..........: 2,720 3,000 3,140 3,330 3,400 2.1 Florida ..........: 5,600 5,800 6,300 7,100 7,400 4.2 Georgia ..........: 4,020 4,310 4,510 4,700 4,900 4.3 South Carolina ...: 3,530 3,800 4,030 4,150 4,300 3.6 : Delta States .......: 2,820 3,050 3,160 3,250 3,360 3.4 Arkansas .........: 2,840 3,050 3,160 3,270 3,370 3.1 Louisiana ........: 3,000 3,170 3,280 3,360 3,490 3.9 Mississippi ......: 2,630 2,920 3,050 3,120 3,220 3.2 : Southern Plains ....: 1,690 1,900 2,030 2,160 2,260 4.6 Oklahoma .........: 1,550 1,720 1,830 2,000 2,100 5.0 Texas ............: 1,720 1,940 2,070 2,200 2,300 4.5 : Mountain ...........: 756 841 884 912 946 3.7 Arizona 1/ .......: (D) (D) (D) (D) 950 (X) Colorado .........: 924 1,010 1,080 1,100 1,150 4.5 Idaho ............: 1,800 2,120 2,240 2,310 2,400 3.9 Montana ..........: 741 835 882 890 920 3.4 Nevada 1/ ........: (D) (D) (D) (D) 850 (X) New Mexico 1/ ....: 466 518 539 600 630 5.0 Utah 1/ ..........: 1,450 1,585 1,695 1,800 1,900 5.6 Wyoming ..........: 646 712 737 740 755 2.0 : Pacific ............: 1,900 2,180 2,290 2,370 2,450 3.4 California .......: 3,210 3,730 3,860 3,930 4,080 3.8 Oregon ...........: 878 971 1,020 1,050 1,080 2.9 Washington .......: 794 886 919 940 960 2.1 : United States 2/ ...: 1,470 1,630 1,740 1,830 1,920 4.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Excludes American Indian Reservation land. 2/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Value of Farmland and Buildings - States and United States: 2020-2024 [Total value of land and buildings is derived by multiplying average value per acre of farm real estate by the land in farms] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total value of land and buildings :----------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 :2023-2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- million dollars --------------- percent : Northeast : Connecticut ......: 4,403 4,588 4,995 5,143 5,291 2.9 Delaware .........: 4,602 4,753 4,976 4,950 4,950 - Maine ............: 3,367 3,438 3,708 3,804 3,912 2.8 Maryland .........: 15,860 16,860 18,700 18,520 18,940 2.3 Massachusetts ....: 5,450 6,450 6,580 6,486 6,721 3.6 New Hampshire ....: 2,076 2,140 2,423 2,495 2,625 5.2 New Jersey .......: 9,301 9,450 9,940 11,200 11,340 1.3 New York .........: 22,236 23,182 24,180 25,740 26,975 4.8 Pennsylvania .....: 48,528 50,544 54,386 56,942 57,936 1.7 Rhode Island .....: 996 1,044 1,134 1,206 1,320 9.5 Vermont ..........: 4,080 4,392 4,632 4,968 5,220 5.1 : Lake States : Michigan .........: 46,844 49,392 51,965 55,860 59,314 6.2 Minnesota ........: 119,126 127,000 146,812 155,194 163,830 5.6 Wisconsin ........: 68,444 72,100 77,832 84,456 84,456 - : Corn Belt : Illinois .........: 190,548 197,904 216,186 221,446 228,810 3.3 Indiana ..........: 93,980 98,490 108,040 120,596 123,395 2.3 Iowa .............: 209,535 224,084 266,400 277,500 282,600 1.8 Missouri .........: 93,982 102,648 114,210 124,470 129,120 3.7 Ohio .............: 88,091 92,736 101,106 110,148 118,260 7.4 : Northern Plains : Kansas ...........: 82,810 89,044 108,416 123,200 133,056 8.0 Nebraska .........: 119,349 129,204 151,800 168,080 179,520 6.8 North Dakota .....: 64,906 67,470 73,920 82,390 87,010 5.6 South Dakota .....: 82,990 87,962 101,097 111,249 117,594 5.7 : Appalachian : Kentucky .........: 51,200 52,324 56,048 61,132 65,720 7.5 North Carolina ...: 39,060 38,950 39,366 39,285 42,039 7.0 Tennessee ........: 44,496 45,903 50,718 55,212 61,097 10.7 Virginia .........: 35,035 34,500 36,135 38,690 42,705 10.4 West Virginia ....: 9,555 9,870 10,780 11,550 11,970 3.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Value of Farmland and Buildings - States and United States: 2020-2024 (continued) [Total value of land and buildings is derived by multiplying average value per acre of farm real estate by the land in farms] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total value of land and buildings :----------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : Change Region and State : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 :2023-2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :---------------- million dollars ---------------- percent : Southeast : Alabama ..........: 26,964 27,636 30,272 31,476 34,400 9.3 Florida ..........: 58,588 60,528 67,124 71,004 80,510 13.4 Georgia ..........: 35,047 36,663 39,000 42,700 44,550 4.3 South Carolina ...: 17,014 17,813 18,722 20,056 20,700 3.2 : Delta States : Arkansas .........: 48,233 49,623 52,060 53,704 55,896 4.1 Louisiana ........: 25,600 26,160 27,920 28,800 29,760 3.3 Mississippi ......: 30,472 31,512 33,372 34,711 35,598 2.6 : Southern Plains : Oklahoma .........: 61,540 63,840 68,103 72,709 78,960 8.6 Texas ............: 262,080 280,980 305,000 326,250 350,000 7.3 : Mountain : Arizona 1/ .......: 25,237 24,705 24,251 21,957 22,957 4.6 Colorado .........: 51,810 52,700 57,682 64,500 64,460 -0.1 Idaho ............: 37,145 40,825 45,885 48,185 50,485 4.8 Montana ..........: 55,063 56,933 63,936 67,968 68,880 1.3 Nevada 1/ ........: 5,722 5,882 5,979 6,031 6,184 2.5 New Mexico 1/ ....: 21,754 22,874 23,295 23,712 24,503 3.3 Utah 1/ ..........: 17,168 18,205 19,554 20,518 22,189 8.1 Wyoming ..........: 22,669 24,328 26,410 27,878 28,080 0.7 : Pacific : California .......: 247,860 274,590 304,920 311,780 317,580 1.9 Oregon ...........: 41,291 45,725 50,184 53,550 56,916 6.3 Washington .......: 41,760 43,594 46,565 48,789 49,956 2.4 : United States 2/ ...:2,693,867 2,851,538 3,156,719 3,358,190 3,518,290 4.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. 1/ Value of all land and buildings adjusted to include American Indian Reservation land value. 2/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Economic Regions: Northeast: Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont. Lake States: Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin. Corn Belt: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, Ohio. Northern Plains: Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota. Appalachian: Kentucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia. Southeast: Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina. Delta States: Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi. Southern Plains: Oklahoma, Texas. Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming. Pacific: California, Oregon, Washington. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: The estimates of land values in this report are based primarily on the Agricultural Land Values and Technology Use Survey, conducted from April to June. This annual survey uses a stratified random sample from the NASS list frame. A sample of approximately 28,475 operations were included. Enumerators contacted all agricultural producers in the sample and recorded land value information for all cropland and pasture they operate. They also collect an estimated value of all land and buildings for the operator's entire farming operation and the estimated percent change from the previous year. Survey reported data are reviewed for reasonableness and consistency by comparing with other data reported in the survey and with data reported in the previous year. Estimating Procedures: Once the data are summarized, each Regional Field Office (RFO) conducts an analysis of the summarized indications and any other available information for their States. RFOs then set estimates for land values and submit these recommendations along with their assessment of survey and other administrative information to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). Survey data are also summarized for Regional and National levels and reviewed independently of each State's review. National targets are established by the ASB. After RFO recommendations are submitted, the ASB reviews the RFO estimates and supporting comments, and any conflicts with targeted National levels are resolved. The Regional and United States estimates are weighted by the amount of cropland and pasture in each State, based on the most recent Census of Agriculture. For the purposes of this report, cropland pastured is defined as cropland. Published Estimates: State averages are not published for States with limited reports to ensure confidentiality of individual operations. While the June Area Survey is the primary source of data for the estimates, supplemental survey data and potential previous year revisions are also considered, as described in the more detailed NASS Land Values Methodology and Quality Measures publication. As such, the estimates reflect an average of land values for the year. Published Estimates: State averages are not published for States with limited reports to ensure confidentiality of individual operations. While the Agricultural Land Values and Technology Use Survey is the primary source of data for the estimates, potential previous year revisions are also considered, as described in the more detailed NASS Land Values Methodology and Quality Measure publication. As such, the estimates reflect an average of land values for the year. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/Methodology_and_Data_Quality/Lan d_Values/08_2024/QualtiyMeasuresReport2024.pdf Revision Policy: For non-census years, land values are subject to an annual revision the following year. After the 5-year Census of Agriculture is completed, land value estimates for the non-census years are subject to a final historic revision. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. Terms and Definitions Farm: Any establishment from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were sold or would normally be sold during the year. Government payments are included in sales. Farm real estate value: The value at which all land and buildings used for agricultural production, including dwellings, could be sold under current market conditions, if allowed to remain on the market for a reasonable amount of time. Cropland value: The value of land used to grow field crops, vegetables, or land harvested for hay. Land that switches back and forth between cropland and pasture should be valued as cropland. Hay land, idle cropland, and cropland enrolled in government conservation programs should be valued as cropland. Irrigated cropland value: The value of cropland that normally receives or has the potential to receive water by artificial means to supplement natural rainfall. Irrigated cropland may consist of both land that will or will not be irrigated during the current year, but still has the facilities and equipment to do so. Irrigation facilities and equipment such as wells, pumps, canals, ditches, reservoirs, lakes, tanks, ponds, rivers, streams or creeks are usually present or on nearby acres. Non-irrigated cropland value: The value of cropland that only receives water by natural rainfall. Pasture, grazing, and grassland value: The value of land that is normally grazed by livestock. Pasture does not need to have livestock grazing on it at the time of interview or during the current year in order to be valued as pasture or grazing land. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E- mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Bryan Combs, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch............ (202) 720-5084 Julie Weber, Acting Head, Economics Section...................................... (202) 720-7216 Stephanie Brennan - Farm Production Expenditures.............................. (202) 690-0392 Doug Farmer - Chemical Use, Land Values....................................... (202) 690-3229 Yukun Fung - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes...... (202) 720-6881 Michael Mathison - Cash Rents, Farms, Land in Farms, Grazing Fees............. (202) 720-3243 Scott Peterson - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes.. (202) 690-0726 Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes...... (202) 973-4588 Theresa Varner - Cash Receipts, Farm Labor.................................... (202) 690-3231 Released August 1, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library website houses NASS's and other agency's archived reports at https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To receive the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the website and subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. If you have specific questions you would like an expert to respond to, please visit our "Ask A Specialist" website at www.nass.usda.gov/Contact_Us/Ask_a_Specialist. In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690- 7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.