Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks ISSN: 2379-9862 Released March 3, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Highlights December 2024 contained 31 days. January 2025 contained 31 days. Soybeans crushed for crude oil was 6.38 million tons (213 million bushels) in January 2025, compared with 6.53 million tons (218 million bushels) in December 2024 and 5.83 million tons (194 million bushels) in January 2024. Crude oil produced was 2.53 billion pounds, down 2 percent from December 2024 but up 11 percent from January 2024. Soybean once refined oil production at 1.72 billion pounds during January 2025 decreased 10 percent from December 2024 but increased 8 percent from January 2024. Canola seeds crushed for crude oil was 205,923 tons in January 2025, compared with 223,154 tons in December 2024 and 203,989 tons in January 2024. Canola crude oil produced was 160 million pounds, down 8 percent from December 2024 and down 4 percent from January 2024. Canola once refined oil production, at 157 million pounds during January 2025, was down 9 percent from December 2024 but up 1 percent from January 2024. Cottonseed once refined oil production, at 33.8 million pounds during January 2025, was up 12 percent from December 2024 and up 34 percent from January 2024. Edible tallow production was 71.3 million pounds during January 2025, down 6 percent from December 2024 and down 2 percent from January 2024. Inedible tallow production was 302 million pounds during January 2025, up slightly from December 2024 but down 2 percent from January 2024. Technical tallow production was 115 million pounds during January 2025, down slightly from December 2024 but up 5 percent from January 2024. Choice white grease production, at 102 million pounds during January 2025, increased 1 percent from December 2024 but decreased 13 percent from January 2024. Soybean Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crush : Soybeans crushed........................................tons: 5,828,390 6,531,043 6,376,635 Crude oil produced..............................1,000 pounds: 2,282,324 2,572,622 2,526,657 Cake and meal produced..................................tons: 4,290,410 4,826,261 4,712,365 For animal feed.......................................tons: 4,238,267 4,744,322 4,634,422 For edible protein products...........................tons: 52,143 81,939 77,943 Millfeed produced.......................................tons: 293,148 335,883 333,649 : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining.................1,000 pounds: 1,617,254 1,970,041 1,766,344 Once refined oil produced.......................1,000 pounds: 1,586,853 1,918,139 1,717,621 : Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing1,000 pounds: (D) (D) 178,090 Once refined oil removed for use in processing..1,000 pounds: 1,570,579 1,905,518 1,753,515 Removed for edible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: 1,132,128 1,226,452 1,208,978 Removed for inedible use in processing........1,000 pounds: 438,451 679,066 544,537 : Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month......................tons: 309,884 414,192 426,330 Millfeed on hand end of month...........................tons: 42,487 41,143 35,651 Crude oil on hand end of month..................1,000 pounds: 1,543,136 1,191,559 1,611,741 Crusher.......................................1,000 pounds: 985,501 651,979 1,053,599 Refiner.......................................1,000 pounds: 277,031 255,134 332,034 Offsite.......................................1,000 pounds: 280,604 284,446 226,108 Once refined oil on hand end of month...........1,000 pounds: 484,913 495,637 478,487 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Soybean Crushing - Regional: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Soybeans crushed :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 624,011 666,043 582,101 Iowa........................: 1,225,141 1,408,809 1,397,968 North and East 1/ ..........: 1,355,219 1,380,543 1,412,991 North Central 2/ ...........: 1,018,773 1,204,936 1,223,495 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 688,566 667,510 651,976 West Central 4/ ............: 916,680 1,203,202 1,108,104 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 247,674 262,928 239,285 Iowa........................: 483,276 552,171 553,335 North and East 1/ ..........: 529,565 536,191 560,000 North Central 2/ ...........: 396,439 474,207 482,445 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 259,770 257,612 251,575 West Central 4/ ............: 365,600 489,513 440,017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil stocks at crusher :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 186,604 88,065 115,757 Iowa........................: 167,686 95,874 217,831 North and East 1/ ..........: 254,571 211,294 352,598 North Central 2/ ...........: 201,772 118,718 155,365 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 49,357 43,955 118,085 West Central 4/ ............: 125,511 94,073 93,963 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 449,168 481,545 422,314 Iowa........................: 905,136 1,043,739 1,042,754 North and East 1/ ..........: 997,918 1,007,686 1,032,965 North Central 2/ ...........: 752,227 902,993 918,248 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 505,958 490,335 466,044 West Central 4/ ............: 680,003 899,963 830,040 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal stocks :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 52,569 56,058 84,135 Iowa........................: 45,629 79,696 75,043 North and East 1/ ..........: 106,148 95,610 112,053 North Central 2/ ...........: 54,077 86,420 78,840 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 14,595 39,407 29,309 West Central 4/ ............: 36,866 57,001 46,950 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ North and East includes Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Virginia. 2/ North Central includes Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota. 3/ South, West, and Pacific includes Alabama, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina. 4/ West Central includes Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska. Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Canola : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 203,989 223,154 205,923 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 166,014 173,782 160,161 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 119,257 132,987 124,144 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 161,902 178,348 162,045 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 154,978 173,043 156,981 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 157,769 174,780 159,651 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: (D) 37,610 33,527 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 74,297 28,529 34,773 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 89,162 97,710 112,837 : Cottonseed : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 126,481 105,944 116,063 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 32,876 28,571 30,431 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 55,894 48,550 52,167 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 25,732 31,076 34,765 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 25,278 30,307 33,799 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 27,462 32,417 35,514 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: 21,649 41,650 34,979 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 32,134 35,115 35,230 : Coconut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 24,688 (D) 43,333 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 24,510 (D) 43,056 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 42,251 52,482 65,674 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 72,577 81,718 (D) Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 57,233 (D) (D) : Corn : Crush : Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 130,432 159,083 152,317 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 138,033 150,670 145,802 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 134,672 147,274 142,259 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 120,459 125,586 140,178 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: (D) 73,512 63,067 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) 71,789 (D) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Palm kernel : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 43,246 30,773 34,354 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 90,578 86,090 73,123 : Palm : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 189,667 177,513 181,477 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: 186,770 173,994 (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 342,961 295,803 279,142 : Peanut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 20,895 20,886 25,119 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 19,474 19,497 23,243 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 20,259 22,123 23,186 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 21,680 13,666 13,114 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Safflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 5,361 4,031 11,369 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 4,812 5,823 5,863 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Sunflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 33,024 25,976 36,825 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 31,796 24,672 35,957 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: (D) 26,686 39,106 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 40,617 15,896 16,379 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 30,097 29,452 25,859 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Animal Fats and Oils Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: January 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : January 2024 : December 2024 : January 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 pounds : Choice white grease : Production................................................: 117,828 101,498 102,484 Removed for inedible use..................................: 116,462 98,224 102,034 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 8,643 9,840 10,290 Feather meal : Production................................................: 74,884 81,125 80,725 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 16,359 18,083 20,690 Lard : Production................................................: 20,037 25,196 23,594 Removed for use in processing.............................: 19,192 22,490 22,086 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) 8,215 9,757 Meat meal, meat and bone meal, and dry rendered tankage : Production................................................: 492,429 411,998 392,566 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 64,544 59,046 57,197 Other grease : Production................................................: 23,616 13,254 21,975 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 20,555 15,579 22,625 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) Poultry fats : Production................................................: 163,183 176,754 171,926 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 165,749 180,487 164,605 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 33,025 29,704 37,025 Poultry by-product meals : Production................................................: 311,109 326,444 325,560 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 123,806 123,430 122,805 Tallow, edible : Production................................................: 72,408 75,600 71,268 Removed for use in processing.............................: 72,887 73,459 77,324 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 11,166 16,717 10,662 Tallow, inedible : Production................................................: 309,112 301,843 302,232 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 298,699 307,225 287,147 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 93,120 65,438 80,522 Tallow, technical : Production................................................: 109,379 115,751 115,260 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 104,604 118,338 113,289 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) Yellow grease : Production................................................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks is part of the Current Agricultural Industrial Reports (CAIR) program. CAIR reports are administered under NASS's Census of Agriculture program. Response to CAIR surveys are required by law (Title 7, U.S. Code). Animal and vegetable fats and oils data are collected from all known facilities that crush, refine or render. Crushing facilities include processors that use either solvent extraction or continuous screw press. The census universe was determined during operation profile interviews which were completed for each potential facility to identify the presence of rendering, oilseeds crushing, and crude oil refining in 2014. In the Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils survey questionnaire, facilities are asked for previous calendar month data on oilseed crushing, crude oil production, once refined oil production, rendering production, and end of month stocks. Facilities are mailed questionnaires with the options of completing the survey by mail or by Electronic Data Reporting (EDR). For surveys not received in a reasonable amount of time, telephone follow-up is conducted. Estimating Procedures: Imputation is done for operations with non-response by using historical data and current data relationships. Data for reporting firms are added to estimates for non-reporting firms to obtain National totals. Revision Policy: Data are revised the following month based on late reports or corrected data. Final figures are published in the annual summary of the following year. Reliability: Survey data are based on a census of all known facilities and therefore, have no sampling variability. Monthly data can vary due to different firms reporting month to month. Survey data are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions and mistakes in reporting and in processing the data. While these errors cannot be measured directly, they are minimized by carefully reviewing all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Patrick Boyle, Chief, Crops Branch................................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Progress and Condition, Flaxseed, Mustardseed............... (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans............................................. (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings.. (202) 690-1042 David Colwell - Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products........................... 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