Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks ISSN: 2379-9862 Released April 1, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Highlights January 2025 contained 31 days. February 2025 contained 28 days. Soybeans crushed for crude oil was 5.67 million tons (189 million bushels) in February 2025, compared with 6.38 million tons (213 million bushels) in January 2025 and 5.80 million tons (193 million bushels) in February 2024. Crude oil produced was 2.24 billion pounds, down 11 percent from January 2025 and down 2 percent from February 2024. Soybean once refined oil production at 1.61 billion pounds during February 2025 decreased 6 percent from January 2025 and decreased 1 percent from February 2024. Canola seeds crushed for crude oil was 170,856 tons in February 2025, compared with 205,923 tons in January 2025 and 205,713 tons in February 2024. Canola crude oil produced was 132 million pounds, down 18 percent from January 2025 and down 21 percent from February 2024. Canola once refined oil production, at 129 million pounds during February 2025, was down 18 percent from January 2025 and down 13 percent from February 2024. Cottonseed once refined oil production, at 31.8 million pounds during February 2025, was down 6 percent from January 2025 and down 25 percent from February 2024. Edible tallow production was 93.3 million pounds during February 2025, up 31 percent from January 2025 but down 4 percent from February 2024. Inedible tallow production was 351 million pounds during February 2025, up 16 percent from January 2025 and up 1 percent from February 2024. Technical tallow production was 127 million pounds during February 2025, up 10 percent from January 2025 and up 3 percent from February 2024. Choice white grease production, at 109 million pounds during February 2025, increased 5 percent from January 2025 but decreased 5 percent from February 2024. Soybean Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: February 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crush : Soybeans crushed........................................tons: 5,803,253 6,376,635 5,670,940 Crude oil produced..............................1,000 pounds: 2,288,218 2,526,657 2,238,850 Cake and meal produced..................................tons: 4,257,700 4,712,365 4,195,252 For animal feed.......................................tons: 4,208,963 4,634,422 4,119,979 For edible protein products...........................tons: 48,737 77,943 75,273 Millfeed produced.......................................tons: 288,857 333,649 297,912 : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining.................1,000 pounds: 1,650,719 1,766,344 1,657,516 Once refined oil produced.......................1,000 pounds: 1,625,678 1,717,621 1,612,586 : Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing1,000 pounds: (D) 178,090 173,505 Once refined oil removed for use in processing..1,000 pounds: 1,653,901 1,753,515 1,635,522 Removed for edible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: 1,175,353 1,208,978 1,083,189 Removed for inedible use in processing........1,000 pounds: 478,548 544,537 552,333 : Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month......................tons: 277,315 426,330 436,274 Millfeed on hand end of month...........................tons: 48,248 35,651 35,957 Crude oil on hand end of month..................1,000 pounds: 1,686,631 1,338,070 1,477,671 Crusher.......................................1,000 pounds: 1,019,238 779,928 834,058 Refiner.......................................1,000 pounds: 263,295 332,034 347,869 Offsite.......................................1,000 pounds: 404,098 226,108 295,744 Once refined oil on hand end of month...........1,000 pounds: 460,178 478,487 446,699 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Soybean Crushing - Regional: February 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Soybeans crushed :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 629,688 582,101 512,114 Iowa........................: 1,272,950 1,397,968 1,290,325 North and East 1/ ..........: 1,290,057 1,412,991 1,273,629 North Central 2/ ...........: 1,018,521 1,223,495 1,066,893 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 674,592 651,976 541,402 West Central 4/ ............: 917,445 1,108,104 986,577 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 262,678 239,285 205,197 Iowa........................: 498,896 553,335 515,776 North and East 1/ ..........: 498,259 560,000 494,343 North Central 2/ ...........: 400,455 482,445 416,486 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 262,507 251,575 209,165 West Central 4/ ............: 365,423 440,017 397,883 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil stocks at crusher :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 155,759 115,757 122,933 Iowa........................: 200,903 135,826 130,417 North and East 1/ ..........: 267,062 218,018 220,820 North Central 2/ ...........: 213,478 155,365 184,921 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 61,325 60,999 45,590 West Central 4/ ............: 120,711 93,963 129,377 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 446,440 422,314 368,750 Iowa........................: 935,140 1,042,754 966,541 North and East 1/ ..........: 948,571 1,032,965 935,006 North Central 2/ ...........: 754,845 918,248 799,460 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 495,158 466,044 391,371 West Central 4/ ............: 677,546 830,040 734,124 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal stocks :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 35,354 84,135 78,953 Iowa........................: 51,857 75,043 65,795 North and East 1/ ..........: 95,157 112,053 114,882 North Central 2/ ...........: 46,437 78,840 84,883 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 22,014 29,309 45,159 West Central 4/ ............: 26,496 46,950 46,602 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ North and East includes Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Virginia. 2/ North Central includes Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota. 3/ South, West, and Pacific includes Alabama, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina. 4/ West Central includes Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska. Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: February 2025 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Canola : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 205,713 205,923 170,856 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 167,315 160,161 131,958 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 119,066 124,144 103,326 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 151,613 162,045 132,622 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 149,297 156,981 129,195 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 145,849 159,651 140,985 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: (D) 33,527 31,921 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: (D) 34,773 54,388 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 95,338 112,837 104,871 : Cottonseed : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 143,599 116,063 116,922 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 40,648 30,431 29,390 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 60,635 52,167 54,219 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 43,199 34,765 32,543 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 42,133 33,799 31,785 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 32,199 35,514 32,698 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: 13,327 34,979 45,627 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 43,251 35,230 36,364 : Coconut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 21,616 43,333 41,333 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 21,435 43,056 41,165 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 27,815 65,674 58,313 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 93,967 (D) 94,244 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) 56,765 : Corn : Crush : Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 156,926 152,317 140,056 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 133,152 145,802 138,268 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 129,770 142,259 134,583 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 128,404 140,178 116,906 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 93,994 63,067 64,818 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 53,976 (D) 64,374 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: February 2025 with Comparisons (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Palm kernel : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 39,926 34,354 32,778 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 98,362 73,123 76,360 : Palm : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 199,835 181,477 177,654 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: 196,560 (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: 3,275 (D) (D) Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 328,011 279,142 278,972 : Peanut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 22,496 25,119 26,312 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 21,693 23,243 25,098 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 21,736 23,186 22,810 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 22,367 13,114 9,137 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Safflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 8,440 11,369 7,079 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 6,988 5,863 4,193 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Sunflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 36,831 36,825 33,434 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 35,359 35,957 32,733 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: (D) 39,106 34,269 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 37,438 16,379 17,422 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 29,292 25,859 23,989 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Animal Fats and Oils Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: February 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : February 2024 : January 2025 : February 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 pounds : Choice white grease : Production................................................: 114,158 103,403 108,755 Removed for inedible use..................................: 116,487 102,953 111,839 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 6,313 10,290 7,206 Feather meal : Production................................................: 95,055 80,725 98,066 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 15,535 20,690 18,032 Lard : Production................................................: 26,107 24,149 27,025 Removed for use in processing.............................: 26,824 22,536 25,725 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) 9,757 10,066 Meat meal, meat and bone meal, and dry rendered tankage : Production................................................: 475,526 387,680 467,751 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 56,663 57,264 50,395 Other grease : Production................................................: 25,525 20,134 22,239 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 28,300 20,784 21,480 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) Poultry fats : Production................................................: 205,330 171,926 202,186 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 205,053 164,605 203,133 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 33,302 37,025 36,078 Poultry by-product meals : Production................................................: 381,571 325,560 383,911 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 112,853 122,805 97,298 Tallow, edible : Production................................................: 97,125 71,268 93,309 Removed for use in processing.............................: 95,070 77,324 93,304 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 16,543 10,662 10,865 Tallow, inedible : Production................................................: 346,768 302,232 351,157 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 351,851 287,147 350,790 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 88,037 80,522 81,102 Tallow, technical : Production................................................: 122,850 115,260 126,650 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 128,007 113,289 125,198 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) Yellow grease : Production................................................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks is part of the Current Agricultural Industrial Reports (CAIR) program. CAIR reports are administered under NASS's Census of Agriculture program. Response to CAIR surveys are required by law (Title 7, U.S. Code). Animal and vegetable fats and oils data are collected from all known facilities that crush, refine or render. Crushing facilities include processors that use either solvent extraction or continuous screw press. The census universe was determined during operation profile interviews which were completed for each potential facility to identify the presence of rendering, oilseeds crushing, and crude oil refining in 2014. In the Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils survey questionnaire, facilities are asked for previous calendar month data on oilseed crushing, crude oil production, once refined oil production, rendering production, and end of month stocks. Facilities are mailed questionnaires with the options of completing the survey by mail or by Electronic Data Reporting (EDR). For surveys not received in a reasonable amount of time, telephone follow-up is conducted. Estimating Procedures: Imputation is done for operations with non-response by using historical data and current data relationships. Data for reporting firms are added to estimates for non-reporting firms to obtain National totals. Revision Policy: Data are revised the following month based on late reports or corrected data. Final figures are published in the annual summary of the following year. Reliability: Survey data are based on a census of all known facilities and therefore, have no sampling variability. Monthly data can vary due to different firms reporting month to month. Survey data are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions and mistakes in reporting and in processing the data. While these errors cannot be measured directly, they are minimized by carefully reviewing all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Patrick Boyle, Chief, Crops Branch................................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Progress and Condition, Flaxseed, Mustardseed............... (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans............................................. (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings.. (202) 690-1042 David Colwell - Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products........................... 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