Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks ISSN: 2379-9862 Released June 2, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Highlights March 2025 contained 31 days. April 2025 contained 30 days. Soybeans crushed for crude oil was 6.07 million tons (202 million bushels) in April 2025, compared with 6.20 million tons (207 million bushels) in March 2025 and 5.33 million tons (178 million bushels) in April 2024. Crude oil produced was 2.40 billion pounds, down 3 percent from March 2025 but up 15 percent from April 2024. Soybean once refined oil production at 1.75 billion pounds during April 2025 decreased 7 percent from March 2025 but increased 2 percent from April 2024. Canola seeds crushed for crude oil was 161,022 tons in April 2025, compared with 200,953 tons in March 2025 and 188,515 tons in April 2024. Canola crude oil produced was 129 million pounds, down 20 percent from March 2025 and down 16 percent from April 2024. Canola once refined oil production, at 135 million pounds during April 2025, was down 22 percent from March 2025 and down 9 percent from April 2024. Cottonseed once refined oil production, at 24.7 million pounds during April 2025, was down 22 percent from March 2025 and down 12 percent from April 2024. Edible tallow production was 88.3 million pounds during April 2025, up 9 percent from March 2025 and up 18 percent from April 2024. Inedible tallow production was 306 million pounds during April 2025, down 9 percent from March 2025 and down 2 percent from April 2024. Technical tallow production was 116 million pounds during April 2025, down 8 percent from March 2025 and down 8 percent from April 2024. Choice white grease production, at 105 million pounds during April 2025, increased 5 percent from March 2025 and increased 7 percent from April 2024. Soybean Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: April 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crush : Soybeans crushed........................................tons: 5,327,076 6,202,642 6,071,540 Crude oil produced..............................1,000 pounds: 2,096,208 2,475,207 2,402,879 Cake and meal produced..................................tons: 3,931,950 4,608,761 4,508,938 For animal feed.......................................tons: 3,885,341 4,523,852 4,433,335 For edible protein products...........................tons: 46,609 84,909 75,603 Millfeed produced.......................................tons: 269,827 312,457 304,903 : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining.................1,000 pounds: 1,761,410 1,929,858 1,793,564 Once refined oil produced.......................1,000 pounds: 1,716,904 1,876,913 1,745,629 : Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing..1,000 pounds: 1,760,312 1,793,221 1,816,163 Removed for edible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: 1,253,216 1,211,486 1,151,593 Removed for inedible use in processing........1,000 pounds: 507,096 581,735 664,570 : Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month......................tons: 286,988 377,242 390,343 Millfeed on hand end of month...........................tons: 48,367 44,318 38,580 Crude oil on hand end of month..................1,000 pounds: 1,856,137 1,551,689 1,527,390 Crusher.......................................1,000 pounds: 1,047,499 831,814 869,563 Refiner.......................................1,000 pounds: 282,895 (D) 368,639 Offsite.......................................1,000 pounds: 525,743 (D) 289,188 Once refined oil on hand end of month...........1,000 pounds: 454,709 527,980 448,450 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Soybean Crushing - Regional: April 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Soybeans crushed :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 568,959 607,551 628,927 Iowa........................: 1,224,998 1,408,926 1,331,350 North and East 1/ ..........: 1,261,496 1,333,008 1,351,860 North Central 2/ ...........: 941,406 1,139,676 1,041,654 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 622,644 602,147 635,744 West Central 4/ ............: 707,573 1,111,334 1,082,005 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 234,299 248,253 252,234 Iowa........................: 482,793 567,773 530,493 North and East 1/ ..........: 499,100 526,294 536,632 North Central 2/ ...........: 365,824 447,618 409,362 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 235,593 234,042 245,074 West Central 4/ ............: 278,599 451,227 429,084 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil stocks at crusher :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 165,224 129,505 91,926 Iowa........................: 192,728 128,856 114,687 North and East 1/ ..........: 271,242 204,452 224,263 North Central 2/ ...........: 213,389 174,603 228,055 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 77,618 44,435 60,808 West Central 4/ ............: 127,298 149,963 149,824 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 418,736 444,653 458,741 Iowa........................: 903,287 1,060,706 1,004,092 North and East 1/ ..........: 928,444 977,476 993,844 North Central 2/ ...........: 691,742 856,155 778,138 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 463,599 436,533 468,151 West Central 4/ ............: 526,142 833,238 805,972 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal stocks :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 30,908 47,462 30,357 Iowa........................: 49,740 62,676 56,816 North and East 1/ ..........: 78,966 92,137 118,495 North Central 2/ ...........: 66,113 76,822 76,467 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 25,023 32,610 56,496 West Central 4/ ............: 36,238 65,535 51,712 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ North and East includes Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Virginia. 2/ North Central includes Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota. 3/ South, West, and Pacific includes Alabama, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina. 4/ West Central includes Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska. Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: April 2025 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Canola : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 188,515 200,953 161,022 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 152,900 159,841 128,629 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 108,408 120,325 98,077 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 153,713 178,088 138,795 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 148,644 172,517 134,546 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 147,023 159,773 144,843 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: 24,955 31,770 31,502 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 49,270 34,860 28,856 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 88,930 113,390 102,425 : Cottonseed : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 87,783 95,081 79,026 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 25,623 24,490 22,241 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 39,421 42,136 33,825 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 28,858 32,734 25,518 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 27,968 31,836 24,735 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 31,508 29,816 31,457 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: 14,874 38,003 37,264 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 45,743 40,897 34,287 : Coconut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 27,517 36,763 34,916 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 27,173 36,498 34,692 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 36,275 57,862 43,081 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 91,176 68,254 82,452 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 60,939 56,512 (D) : Corn : Crush : Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 123,709 156,259 150,633 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 153,521 138,947 131,705 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 149,294 134,616 126,742 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 126,002 116,705 131,212 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 108,158 69,923 82,361 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 71,054 72,518 64,620 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: April 2025 with Comparisons (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Palm kernel : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 41,814 35,393 31,553 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 87,200 77,432 99,349 : Palm : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 213,684 188,203 161,871 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: 210,910 (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: 2,774 (D) (D) Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 298,938 293,475 308,286 : Peanut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: (D) 14,728 22,474 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: (D) 14,396 21,964 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: (D) 17,215 21,952 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 19,215 16,941 13,907 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Safflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) - Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 8,676 8,963 10,162 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 9,078 5,243 4,935 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Sunflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 28,265 36,867 36,664 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 26,692 36,305 35,811 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 26,266 34,857 35,743 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 36,714 21,945 15,379 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 26,146 25,112 25,658 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Animal Fats and Oils Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: April 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : April 2024 : March 2025 : April 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 pounds : Choice white grease : Production................................................: 97,826 99,641 104,584 Removed for inedible use..................................: 98,656 101,945 105,542 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 5,694 12,003 6,818 Feather meal : Production................................................: 75,001 85,318 79,440 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 16,139 14,335 18,235 Lard : Production................................................: 15,925 21,193 23,692 Removed for use in processing.............................: 19,040 24,373 24,044 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) 13,584 Meat meal, meat and bone meal, and dry rendered tankage : Production................................................: 422,717 428,942 395,883 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 54,434 50,065 48,191 Other grease : Production................................................: 18,482 27,003 17,150 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 18,163 26,901 19,951 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) Poultry fats : Production................................................: 161,219 171,939 160,609 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 155,484 174,928 156,528 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 32,648 33,089 37,016 Poultry by-product meals : Production................................................: 299,028 352,668 310,867 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 110,987 101,888 107,157 Tallow, edible : Production................................................: 74,881 80,870 88,295 Removed for use in processing.............................: 73,675 81,960 88,703 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 10,534 9,901 9,797 Tallow, inedible : Production................................................: 311,811 337,732 306,346 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 314,032 336,276 321,765 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 83,876 (D) (D) Tallow, technical : Production................................................: 126,838 126,388 116,221 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 121,412 129,918 117,195 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) 6,099 (D) Yellow grease : Production................................................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks is part of the Current Agricultural Industrial Reports (CAIR) program. CAIR reports are administered under NASS's Census of Agriculture program. Response to CAIR surveys are required by law (Title 7, U.S. Code). Animal and vegetable fats and oils data are collected from all known facilities that crush, refine or render. Crushing facilities include processors that use either solvent extraction or continuous screw press. The census universe was determined during operation profile interviews which were completed for each potential facility to identify the presence of rendering, oilseeds crushing, and crude oil refining in 2014. In the Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils survey questionnaire, facilities are asked for previous calendar month data on oilseed crushing, crude oil production, once refined oil production, rendering production, and end of month stocks. Facilities are mailed questionnaires with the options of completing the survey by mail or by Electronic Data Reporting (EDR). For surveys not received in a reasonable amount of time, telephone follow-up is conducted. Estimating Procedures: Imputation is done for operations with non-response by using historical data and current data relationships. Data for reporting firms are added to estimates for non-reporting firms to obtain National totals. Revision Policy: Data are revised the following month based on late reports or corrected data. Final figures are published in the annual summary of the following year. Reliability: Survey data are based on a census of all known facilities and therefore, have no sampling variability. Monthly data can vary due to different firms reporting month to month. Survey data are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions and mistakes in reporting and in processing the data. While these errors cannot be measured directly, they are minimized by carefully reviewing all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Anthony Prillaman, Acting Chief, Crops Branch............................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates - Asparagus, Hemp, Maple Syrup, Soybeans (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings, Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Plums, Prunes (202) 690-1042 Noemi Guindin - Crop Progress and Condition, Kiwifruit (202) 720-2127 Michelle Harder - Hay, Kale, Peanuts, Raspberries................................................... (202) 690-8533 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions Proso Millet, Rye, Tobacco..................................................................... (202) 720-4288 Bret Holliman - Apricots, Barley, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans, Tomatoes (202) 720-7235 James Johanson - Dry Edible Beans, Lettuce, Macadamias, Wheat (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Beets, Corn, Flaxseed, Pears, Rice, Sweet Corn (202) 720-9526 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios................................................... (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Squash, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Becky Sommer - Cabbage, Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum, Walnuts, Strawberries (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Blueberries, Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Spinach, Sunflower............................................................................. (202) 720-7369 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Oats, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Watermelons........................... (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans.......................................................................... (202) 720-4215 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. 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