Pou 3-2 (1-00) Turkeys National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. Released January 12, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on "Turkeys" call John Lange at (202) 720-0585, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. Turkeys Raised in 1999 Down 4 Percent Turkeys raised in the United States during 1999 totaled 273 million birds, down 4 percent from the 285 million turkeys raised during 1998. North Carolina ranked first in the number raised with 46.5 million, followed by Minnesota with 43.5 million, Arkansas with 27.0 million, Virginia with 24.0 million, Missouri with 22.0 million, California with 17.5 million, and Indiana with 13.5 million. These States accounted for 71 percent of the turkeys produced in the United States during 1999. Turkey Growers Plan 1 Percent Increase in 2000 Turkey growers in 20 States which produced 96% of the turkeys raised in 1999, intend to increase the number of birds raised in 2000 by 1 percent. Intentions for the top seven producing States compared with 1999 are as follows: North Carolina down 1 percent, Minnesota, Arkansas, and Virginia unchanged, Missouri up 9 percent, California up 14 percent, and Indiana down 4 percent. The number of turkeys actually raised in 2000 may vary from growers' intentions shown in this report depending on feed costs, supply of hatching eggs, cost of poults, and prices growers receive for turkeys during the next few months. Turkeys: Number Raised in 1998 and 1999 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 1999 State :-------------------------------------------------: as % of : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 Head ---------- Percent : AR : 28,000 27,000 96 CA : 19,000 17,500 92 CT : 5 5 100 IL : 3,200 2,900 91 IN : 13,500 13,500 100 IA : 7,000 7,800 111 MD & DE : 600 604 101 MA : 81 78 96 MI 2/ : 2,700 MN : 44,500 43,500 98 MO : 22,000 22,000 100 NH : 14 15 107 NJ : 71 50 70 NY : 500 490 98 NC : 50,000 46,500 93 ND : 1,800 1,800 100 OH : 5,500 4,700 85 PA : 10,500 9,800 93 SC : 10,600 9,500 90 SD : 3,800 4,200 111 VT : 41 41 100 VA : 26,000 24,000 92 WV : 4,300 4,500 105 : Oth Sts 2/ : 34,192 29,811 : US : 285,204 272,994 96 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Revised. 2/ CO, GA, KS, NE, OK, OR, TX, UT, and WI combined to avoid disclosing of individual operations (and MI for 1998). Turkeys: Death Loss by Geographic Region and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Young Turkeys Lost as a Percent of Geographic : Total Poults Placed Region :----------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : East North Central : 10.5 10.8 10.2 West North Central : 10.8 11.0 11.6 North & South Atlantic : 11.2 10.2 10.3 South Central : 10.5 11.9 11.3 West : 10.2 10.7 10.8 : US : 10.8 10.8 10.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Regional Listing: North Atlantic: CT, ME, MA, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VT. East North Central: IL, IN, MI, OH, WI. West North Central: IA, KS, MN, MO, NE, ND, SD. South Atlantic: DE, FL, GA, MD, NC, SC, VA, WV. South Central: AL, AR, KY, LA, MS, OK, TN, TX. West: AZ, CA, CO, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY. Turkeys: Number Raised in 1999 and Intentions for 2000, Selected States and 20 State Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Number : 2000 State :-------------------------------------------------: as % of : 1999 : 2000 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 Head ---------- Percent : AR : 27,000 27,000 100 CA : 17,500 20,000 114 IN : 13,500 13,000 96 IA : 7,800 7,500 96 MN : 43,500 43,500 100 MO : 22,000 24,000 109 NC : 46,500 46,000 99 ND : 1,800 2,100 117 OH : 4,700 4,800 102 PA : 9,800 9,600 98 SC : 9,500 9,100 96 SD : 4,200 4,400 105 VA : 24,000 24,000 100 WV : 4,500 4,600 102 : Oth Sts 1/ : 26,500 24,800 94 : 20 State Total: 262,800 264,400 101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ CO, KS, OK, TX, UT, and WI combined to avoid disclosing individual operations. Turkeys Hatchery Production: Monthly Poult Placements, United States, 1997-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total All : Percent : Cumulative : Percent : Breeds : of : Total : of Month :--------------------: Previous :---------------------: Previous : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : Year : 1997-98 : 1998-99 : Year -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 ----- Percent ------ 1,000 ----- Percent : Sep : 23,907 21,124 88 23,907 21,124 88 Oct : 24,587 22,749 93 48,494 43,873 90 Nov : 23,281 22,167 95 71,775 66,040 92 Dec : 25,711 24,985 97 97,486 91,025 93 Jan : 26,240 24,590 94 123,726 115,615 93 Feb : 25,093 23,722 95 148,819 139,337 94 Mar : 26,362 25,917 98 175,181 165,254 94 Apr : 25,747 26,817 104 200,928 192,071 96 May : 25,677 26,085 102 226,605 218,156 96 Jun : 26,957 25,621 95 253,562 243,777 96 Jul : 26,247 26,755 102 279,809 270,532 97 Aug : 24,450 24,755 101 304,259 295,287 97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Excludes exported poults. Turkeys Raised Estimates Survey Procedures: Survey data for the turkeys raised estimate are collected from a list of contractors and independent growers during December. States use all known sources of producer names to ensure that the list is as complete as possible. Turkey producers are then contacted either by mail, telephone, or in person. Diligent effort is made to ensure that all operations are accounted for in the estimate. Estimation Procedures: Turkeys raised estimates include young turkeys intended for meat production, as well as breeder turkeys which reached maturity during the calendar year. These estimates exclude turkeys lost to disease or those destroyed. Placements of turkey poults from the Monthly Turkey Hatchery Survey provide the basis for the preliminary estimates published in August. Final estimates, published in January, use indications from the December Growers Survey in addition to updated hatchery data. Other indications for the final estimates are obtained from monthly slaughter totals and check-off data provided by individual State turkey or poultry associations. Generally, individual State data are not published if there are less than three operations in a State, or if any one operation has 60 percent or more of the total turkeys in the State. These data are combined into the "Other States" category. Reliability: Turkeys raised estimates are based on a census of known active producers and, therefore, have no sampling variability. However, estimates may be subject to errors such as omissions, duplication, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing of the data. These errors are minimized through strict quality controls in the edit and summarization process, and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Revision Policy: Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when preliminary raised estimates are made in August. Revisions are primarily based on updated hatchery and slaughter data, and at the U.S. level, are usually less than one-half of one percent of the final estimate published in January. Estimates are also reviewed after data from the Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions are made after that date. The next "Turkeys" report will be released at 3 p.m. ET on August 25, 2000. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA's TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). 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