Cattle on Feed ISSN: 1948-9080 Released February 23, 2024, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Cattle on Feed Up Slightly Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in the United States for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head totaled 11.8 million head on February 1, 2024. The inventory was slightly above February 1, 2023. Placements in feedlots during January totaled 1.79 million head, 7 percent below 2023. Net placements were 1.71 million head. During January, placements of cattle and calves weighing less than 600 pounds were 370,000 head, 600-699 pounds were 395,000 head, 700-799 pounds were 475,000 head, 800-899 pounds were 377,000 head, 900-999 pounds were 105,000 head, and 1,000 pounds and greater were 70,000 head. Marketings of fed cattle during January totaled 1.84 million head, slightly below 2023. Other disappearance totaled 81,000 head during January, 29 percent above 2023. Cattle on Feed and Annual Size Group Estimates Cattle and calves on feed for slaughter market in the United States for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head represented 82.7 percent of all cattle and calves on feed in the United States on January 1, 2024. This is comparable to the 82.6 percent on January 1, 2023. Marketings of fed cattle for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head during 2023 represented 87.3 percent of total cattle marketed from all feedlots in the United States, up slightly from 87.2 percent during 2022. Contents Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: February 1, 2023 and 2024................................................................... 3 Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024.................................................................... 3 Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024.............. 3 Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024.... 4 Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States....................................... 4 Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024....... 5 Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024.............................................................................................. 5 Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024............. 6 Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024.. 6 Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023............. 7 Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023................ 8 Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2023........................................................................................ 9 Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023...................... 13 Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023........... 14 Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Quarter - States and United States: 2023........... 15 Feedlots, Inventory, and Marketings by Size of Feedlot - United States: 2022 and 2023...................... 15 Total Feedlot Capacity of 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024............... 15 All Cattle on Feed Inventory - States and United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024.......................... 16 Terms and Definitions of Cattle on Feed Estimates.......................................................... 17 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 17 Reliability of Monthly Cattle on Feed Estimates............................................................ 18 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 18 Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: February 1, 2023 and 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : 2023 : 2024 :previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : On feed January 1 ......................: 11,727 11,930 102 Placed on feed during January ..........: 1,936 1,792 93 Fed cattle marketed during January .....: 1,846 1,844 100 Other disappearance during January .....: 63 81 129 On feed February 1 .....................: 11,754 11,797 100 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024 [December preceding year] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : 2023 : 2024 :previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : On feed December 1 .....................: 11,738 12,016 102 Placed on feed during December .........: 1,784 1,698 95 Fed cattle marketed during December ....: 1,741 1,724 99 Other disappearance during December ....: 54 60 111 On feed January 1 ......................: 11,727 11,930 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : : :----------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 :previous year : inventory -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head --- percent percent : Class on feed January 1 ................: Steers and steer calves ..............: 7,067 7,195 102 60 Heifers and heifer calves ............: 4,660 4,735 102 40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : February 1, 2024 : : :-------------------------------------------- State :February 1, 2023 : January 1, 2024 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Inventory :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 head -------------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 264 265 262 99 99 California .......: 520 520 520 100 100 Colorado .........: 1,030 1,020 1,010 98 99 Idaho ............: 325 335 345 106 103 Iowa .............: 650 630 640 98 102 Kansas ...........: 2,450 2,480 2,390 98 96 Minnesota ........: 95 105 105 111 100 Nebraska .........: 2,570 2,560 2,550 99 100 Oklahoma .........: 275 335 330 120 99 South Dakota .....: 215 230 240 112 104 Texas ............: 2,770 2,860 2,820 102 99 Washington .......: 255 270 260 102 96 : Other States .....: 335 320 325 97 102 : United States ....: 11,754 11,930 11,797 100 99 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During January 2024 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : January 2023 :December 2023 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Placements :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 24 20 24 100 120 California .......: 61 77 63 103 82 Colorado .........: 165 135 140 85 104 Idaho ............: 41 45 46 112 102 Iowa .............: 105 83 115 110 139 Kansas ...........: 500 395 385 77 97 Minnesota ........: 13 16 11 85 69 Nebraska .........: 490 435 505 103 116 Oklahoma .........: 37 43 35 95 81 South Dakota .....: 40 37 41 103 111 Texas ............: 380 330 345 91 105 Washington .......: 28 38 32 114 84 : Other States .....: 52 44 50 96 114 : United States ....: 1,936 1,698 1,792 93 106 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During January 2023 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 40 45 30 20 (D) (D) 165 Kansas ........: 55 110 180 110 45 (D) (D) 500 Nebraska ......: 40 100 150 140 60 (D) (D) 490 Texas .........: 155 85 80 50 10 (D) (D) 380 : Other States ..: 125 85 90 71 30 (D) (D) 401 : United States .: 405 420 545 401 (X) 100 65 1,936 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During December 2023 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 35 30 20 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 60 90 120 80 45 (D) (D) 395 Nebraska ......: 50 105 100 90 90 (D) (D) 435 Texas .........: 150 85 55 30 10 (D) (D) 330 : Other States ..: 145 95 75 58 30 (D) (D) 403 : United States .: 435 410 380 278 (X) 110 85 1,698 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During January 2024 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 35 35 25 20 (D) (D) 140 Kansas ........: 40 90 130 85 40 (D) (D) 385 Nebraska ......: 40 100 155 140 70 (D) (D) 505 Texas .........: 135 80 70 50 10 (D) (D) 345 : Other States ..: 130 90 85 77 35 (D) (D) 417 : United States .: 370 395 475 377 (X) 105 70 1,792 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ The 900 pounds and greater weight group is the sum of 900-999 pounds and 1,000 pounds and greater weight groups. Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During January 2024 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : January 2023 :December 2023 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Marketings :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 26 20 26 100 130 California .......: 49 61 57 116 93 Colorado .........: 170 140 140 82 100 Idaho ............: 35 39 35 100 90 Iowa .............: 103 92 103 100 112 Kansas ...........: 430 405 460 107 114 Minnesota ........: 12 10 10 83 100 Nebraska .........: 500 440 490 98 111 Oklahoma .........: 36 32 39 108 122 South Dakota .....: 33 35 30 91 86 Texas ............: 370 365 370 100 101 Washington .......: 37 37 41 111 111 : Other States .....: 45 48 43 96 90 : United States ....: 1,846 1,724 1,844 100 107 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 and 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During January 2024 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : January 2023 :December 2023 : Other : Percent of : Percent of : : :disappearance :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- 1,000 head ---------- ----- percent ---- : Arizona ..........: 1 1 1 100 100 California .......: 7 6 6 86 100 Colorado .........: 5 5 10 200 200 Idaho ............: 1 1 1 100 100 Iowa .............: 2 1 2 100 200 Kansas ...........: 10 10 15 150 150 Minnesota ........: 1 1 1 100 100 Nebraska .........: 20 15 25 125 167 Oklahoma .........: 1 1 1 100 100 South Dakota .....: 2 2 1 50 50 Texas ............: 10 15 15 150 100 Washington .......: 1 1 1 100 100 : Other States .....: 2 1 2 100 200 : United States ....: 63 60 81 129 135 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : State : January 1 :February 1 : March 1 : April 1 : May 1 : June 1 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 267 264 260 257 259 255 California ...: 515 520 520 525 535 545 Colorado .....: 1,040 1,030 1,010 980 980 1,000 Idaho ........: 320 325 325 320 315 305 Iowa .........: 650 650 640 640 650 650 Kansas .......: 2,390 2,450 2,460 2,430 2,440 2,470 Minnesota ....: 95 95 95 95 100 100 Nebraska .....: 2,600 2,570 2,530 2,530 2,540 2,450 Oklahoma .....: 275 275 270 260 250 250 South Dakota .: 210 215 215 220 220 200 Texas ........: 2,770 2,770 2,780 2,810 2,790 2,810 Washington ...: 265 255 255 255 255 245 : Other States .: 330 335 325 325 320 310 : United States : 11,727 11,754 11,685 11,647 11,654 11,590 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : July 1 : August 1 :September 1: October 1 :November 1 :December 1 State : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 253 249 247 254 261 266 California ...: 540 525 515 505 505 510 Colorado .....: 990 980 950 990 1,030 1,030 Idaho ........: 295 280 285 300 320 330 Iowa .........: 650 640 640 650 650 640 Kansas .......: 2,400 2,350 2,410 2,500 2,520 2,500 Minnesota ....: 100 95 95 95 100 100 Nebraska .....: 2,330 2,280 2,270 2,420 2,540 2,580 Oklahoma .....: 250 255 265 290 315 325 South Dakota .: 180 170 170 185 220 230 Texas ........: 2,720 2,720 2,740 2,850 2,900 2,910 Washington ...: 240 235 245 255 270 270 : Other States .: 295 285 295 310 325 325 : United States : 11,243 11,064 11,127 11,604 11,956 12,016 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 24 24 23 28 28 24 California ...: 69 61 59 73 69 74 Colorado .....: 145 165 135 155 145 175 Idaho ........: 46 41 36 37 37 39 Iowa .........: 84 105 100 109 91 75 Kansas .......: 435 500 425 460 420 495 Minnesota ....: 13 13 14 15 16 11 Nebraska .....: 470 490 435 480 430 450 Oklahoma .....: 35 37 26 43 45 57 South Dakota .: 34 40 37 44 31 28 Texas ........: 350 380 360 455 370 455 Washington ...: 37 28 36 40 37 33 : Other States .: 42 52 37 53 39 46 : United States : 1,784 1,936 1,723 1,992 1,758 1,962 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 26 21 21 25 26 26 California ...: 67 44 48 43 52 65 Colorado .....: 135 115 120 195 205 155 Idaho ........: 33 33 48 60 59 55 Iowa .........: 60 51 77 78 83 88 Kansas .......: 400 410 550 505 440 385 Minnesota ....: 13 9 13 14 20 15 Nebraska .....: 425 425 510 610 610 490 Oklahoma .....: 57 38 43 56 58 49 South Dakota .: 22 21 35 49 69 59 Texas ........: 370 375 440 465 440 390 Washington ...: 36 33 45 43 51 41 : Other States .: 35 33 53 55 57 47 : United States : 1,679 1,608 2,003 2,198 2,170 1,865 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December prior year. Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2023 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During December prior year :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 35 35 30 25 20 (D) (D) 145 Kansas ........: 60 105 140 85 45 (D) (D) 435 Nebraska ......: 50 115 115 100 90 (D) (D) 470 Texas .........: 160 85 60 35 10 (D) (D) 350 : Other States ..: 145 85 70 54 30 (D) (D) 384 : United States .: 450 425 415 299 (X) 105 90 1,784 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During January :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 40 45 30 20 (D) (D) 165 Kansas ........: 55 110 180 110 45 (D) (D) 500 Nebraska ......: 40 100 150 140 60 (D) (D) 490 Texas .........: 155 85 80 50 10 (D) (D) 380 : Other States ..: 125 85 90 71 30 (D) (D) 401 : United States .: 405 420 545 401 (X) 100 65 1,936 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During February :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 25 30 35 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 45 75 145 115 45 (D) (D) 425 Nebraska ......: 30 65 130 140 70 (D) (D) 435 Texas .........: 145 80 75 50 10 (D) (D) 360 : Other States ..: 100 65 85 83 35 (D) (D) 368 : United States .: 345 310 465 423 (X) 130 50 1,723 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During March :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 35 45 20 (D) (D) 155 Kansas ........: 50 70 150 135 55 (D) (D) 460 Nebraska ......: 30 65 140 150 95 (D) (D) 480 Texas .........: 160 95 105 75 20 (D) (D) 455 : Other States ..: 120 60 110 112 40 (D) (D) 442 : United States .: 390 315 540 517 (X) 170 60 1,992 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During April :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 25 35 35 25 (D) (D) 145 Kansas ........: 45 60 125 125 65 (D) (D) 420 Nebraska ......: 30 45 95 150 110 (D) (D) 430 Texas .........: 140 65 80 60 25 (D) (D) 370 : Other States ..: 120 50 75 98 50 (D) (D) 393 : United States .: 360 245 410 468 (X) 205 70 1,758 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During May :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 30 40 45 30 (D) (D) 175 Kansas ........: 55 80 155 130 75 (D) (D) 495 Nebraska ......: 35 40 105 155 115 (D) (D) 450 Texas .........: 150 90 110 80 25 (D) (D) 455 : Other States ..: 110 60 70 97 50 (D) (D) 387 : United States .: 380 300 480 507 (X) 215 80 1,962 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During June :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 30 30 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 65 75 120 90 50 (D) (D) 400 Nebraska ......: 35 50 95 125 120 (D) (D) 425 Texas .........: 155 75 75 45 20 (D) (D) 370 : Other States ..: 105 50 60 79 55 (D) (D) 349 : United States .: 390 275 380 369 (X) 185 80 1,679 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During July :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 20 25 25 20 (D) (D) 115 Kansas ........: 55 70 125 105 55 (D) (D) 410 Nebraska ......: 35 50 95 130 115 (D) (D) 425 Texas .........: 170 80 70 40 15 (D) (D) 375 : Other States ..: 80 30 55 63 55 (D) (D) 283 : United States .: 365 250 370 363 (X) 185 75 1,608 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During August :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 20 20 25 30 25 (D) (D) 120 Kansas ........: 65 100 175 145 65 (D) (D) 550 Nebraska ......: 45 45 100 160 160 (D) (D) 510 Texas .........: 190 100 85 55 10 (D) (D) 440 : Other States ..: 95 40 70 103 75 (D) (D) 383 : United States .: 415 305 455 493 (X) 245 90 2,003 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During September :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 40 60 40 (D) (D) 195 Kansas ........: 65 100 160 120 60 (D) (D) 505 Nebraska ......: 65 60 110 180 195 (D) (D) 610 Texas .........: 180 125 95 55 10 (D) (D) 465 : Other States ..: 120 45 75 103 80 (D) (D) 423 : United States .: 460 355 480 518 (X) 290 95 2,198 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During October :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 40 40 40 50 35 (D) (D) 205 Kansas ........: 65 95 135 95 50 (D) (D) 440 Nebraska ......: 130 115 105 130 130 (D) (D) 610 Texas .........: 160 110 105 50 15 (D) (D) 440 : Other States ..: 155 105 80 80 55 (D) (D) 475 : United States .: 550 465 465 405 (X) 205 80 2,170 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During November :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 50 35 30 20 20 (D) (D) 155 Kansas ........: 55 90 115 80 45 (D) (D) 385 Nebraska ......: 95 115 90 90 100 (D) (D) 490 Texas .........: 160 100 75 40 15 (D) (D) 390 : Other States ..: 170 100 70 60 45 (D) (D) 445 : United States .: 530 440 380 290 (X) 140 85 1,865 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ The 900+ weight group is the sum of 900-999 pound and 1,000+ pound weight group. Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 24 26 26 30 25 27 California ...: 53 49 52 61 53 56 Colorado .....: 140 170 150 180 140 145 Idaho ........: 40 35 35 41 41 48 Iowa .........: 92 103 108 107 79 73 Kansas .......: 365 430 405 480 400 455 Minnesota ....: 12 12 13 14 10 10 Nebraska .....: 470 500 460 470 410 520 Oklahoma .....: 39 36 30 52 54 56 South Dakota .: 40 33 35 37 30 42 Texas ........: 380 370 340 415 380 425 Washington ...: 41 37 35 39 36 42 : Other States .: 45 45 45 51 42 53 : United States : 1,741 1,846 1,734 1,977 1,700 1,952 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 27 24 22 17 18 20 California ...: 64 51 51 46 46 55 Colorado .....: 140 120 145 150 160 150 Idaho ........: 42 46 42 43 37 43 Iowa .........: 58 59 76 67 82 97 Kansas .......: 460 450 480 405 410 395 Minnesota ....: 12 13 12 13 14 14 Nebraska .....: 525 460 510 450 480 440 Oklahoma .....: 56 32 32 29 32 38 South Dakota .: 40 29 34 33 33 48 Texas ........: 445 360 405 340 375 365 Washington ...: 40 37 34 32 35 40 : Other States .: 48 41 42 39 41 46 : United States : 1,957 1,722 1,885 1,664 1,763 1,751 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December prior year. Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2023 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 1 1 1 1 1 1 California ...: 6 7 7 7 6 8 Colorado .....: 5 5 5 5 5 10 Idaho ........: 1 1 1 1 1 1 Iowa .........: 2 2 2 2 2 2 Kansas .......: 10 10 10 10 10 10 Minnesota ....: 1 1 1 1 1 1 Nebraska .....: 10 20 15 10 10 20 Oklahoma .....: 1 1 1 1 1 1 South Dakota .: 4 2 2 2 1 6 Texas ........: 10 10 10 10 10 10 Washington ...: 1 1 1 1 1 1 : Other States .: 2 2 2 2 2 3 : United States : 54 63 58 53 51 74 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 1 1 1 1 1 1 California ...: 8 8 7 7 6 5 Colorado .....: 5 5 5 5 5 5 Idaho ........: 1 2 1 2 2 2 Iowa .........: 2 2 1 1 1 1 Kansas .......: 10 10 10 10 10 10 Minnesota ....: 1 1 1 1 1 1 Nebraska .....: 20 15 10 10 10 10 Oklahoma .....: 1 1 1 2 1 1 South Dakota .: 2 2 1 1 1 1 Texas ........: 15 15 15 15 15 15 Washington ...: 1 1 1 1 1 1 : Other States .: 2 2 1 1 1 1 : United States : 69 65 55 57 55 54 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December prior year. Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Quarter - States and United States: 2023 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers & steer calves : Heifers & heifer calves :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :January 1: April 1 : July 1 :October 1:January 1: April 1 : July 1 :October 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 257 247 243 244 10 10 10 10 California ...: 435 440 450 405 80 85 90 100 Colorado .....: 580 545 550 530 460 435 440 460 Idaho ........: 165 175 160 165 155 145 135 135 Iowa .........: 490 485 495 480 160 155 155 170 Kansas .......: 1,270 1,330 1,270 1,350 1,120 1,100 1,130 1,150 Minnesota ....: 80 80 85 80 15 15 15 15 Nebraska .....: 1,600 1,650 1,450 1,490 1,000 880 880 930 Oklahoma .....: 150 145 135 155 125 115 115 135 South Dakota .: 125 135 110 105 85 85 70 80 Texas ........: 1,560 1,560 1,500 1,630 1,210 1,250 1,220 1,220 Washington ...: 150 140 125 135 115 115 115 120 : Other States .: 205 210 195 195 125 115 100 115 : United States : 7,067 7,142 6,768 6,964 4,660 4,505 4,475 4,640 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feedlots, Inventory, and Marketings by Size of Feedlot - United States: 2022 and 2023 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2022 : 2023 :------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Cattle : : : Cattle Feedlot capacity :Feedlots:Inventory 1/:marketed:Feedlots:Inventory 1/:marketed ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number ---- 1,000 head --- number ---- 1,000 head --- : Less than 1,000 head : 24,000 2,468.8 3,310.0 23,000 2,493.3 3,160.0 : 1,000 head or more ..: 2,093 11,727.0 22,598.0 2,103 11,930.0 21,675.0 1,000 - 1,999 ....: 710 337.0 608.0 730 350.0 615.0 2,000 - 3,999 ....: 550 700.0 1,310.0 530 660.0 1,170.0 4,000 - 7,999 ....: 370 930.0 1,870.0 370 930.0 1,730.0 8,000 - 15,999 ...: 190 1,030.0 2,190.0 200 1,090.0 2,210.0 16,000 - 23,999 ..: 83 840.0 1,790.0 85 900.0 1,760.0 24,000 - 31,999 ..: 49 920.0 1,750.0 47 890.0 1,610.0 32,000 - 49,999 ..: 61 2,100.0 3,950.0 65 2,280.0 4,000.0 50,000 and Over ..: 80 4,870.0 9,130.0 76 4,830.0 8,580.0 : All feedlots ........: 26,093 14,195.8 25,908.0 25,103 14,423.3 24,835.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Inventory estimates as of January 1 of the following year. Total Feedlot Capacity of 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feedlot capacity State :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : : United States ........: 17,200 17,100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Cattle on Feed Inventory - States and United States: January 1, 2023 and 2024 [Cattle and calves on feed are steers and heifers being fed a ration of grain, silage, hay, and/or protein supplement for slaughter market that are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. It excludes cattle being "backgrounded only" for later sale as feeders or late placement in another feedlot. Cattle and calves on feed are included in the cattle inventory estimates by class] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2023 : 2024 : Percent of : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head percent : : Arizona ................................: 269.0 267.0 99 California .............................: 520.0 520.0 100 Colorado ...............................: 1,070.0 1,050.0 98 Idaho ..................................: 330.0 345.0 105 Illinois ...............................: 220.0 230.0 105 Indiana ................................: 95.0 90.0 95 Iowa ...................................: 1,160.0 1,180.0 102 Kansas .................................: 2,480.0 2,600.0 105 Kentucky ...............................: 20.0 18.0 90 Maryland ...............................: 6.0 6.5 108 : Michigan ...............................: 150.0 135.0 90 Minnesota ..............................: 360.0 390.0 108 Missouri ...............................: 90.0 90.0 100 Montana ................................: 38.0 38.0 100 Nebraska ...............................: 2,790.0 2,750.0 99 Nevada .................................: 3.0 3.0 100 New York ...............................: 24.0 23.0 96 North Dakota ...........................: 51.0 45.0 88 Ohio ...................................: 140.0 140.0 100 Oklahoma ...............................: 280.0 330.0 118 : Pennsylvania ...........................: 65.0 85.0 131 South Dakota ...........................: 430.0 420.0 98 Texas ..................................: 2,780.0 2,870.0 103 Utah ...................................: 18.0 16.0 89 Virginia ...............................: 15.0 14.0 93 Washington .............................: 270.0 275.0 102 West Virginia ..........................: 4.0 4.0 100 Wisconsin ..............................: 240.0 220.0 92 Wyoming ................................: 72.0 71.0 99 : Other States 1/ ........................: 205.8 197.8 96 : United States ..........................: 14,195.8 14,423.3 102 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual state estimates not available for states not shown, but are included in Other States. Terms and Definitions of Cattle on Feed Estimates Number of feedlots is the number of lots operating at the end of the year with inventory of cattle on feed. Cattle on feed are steers and heifers being fed a ration of grain, silage, hay and/or protein supplement for slaughter market that are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. It excludes cattle being "backgrounded only" for later sale as feeders or later placement in another feedlot. Placements are steers and heifers put into a feedlot, fed a ration which will produce a carcass that will grade select or better, and are intended for the slaughter market. Marketings are steers and heifers shipped out of feedlots to a slaughter market. Other disappearance includes death loss, movement from feedlots to pasture, and shipments to other feedlots for further feeding. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: During January and July all known feedlots in the United States with capacity of 1,000 or more head are surveyed to provide data for cattle on feed estimates. During the other months, all known feedlots from 16 States are surveyed. The 16 States account for approximately 98 percent of the cattle on feed in feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head. Individual State estimates are published monthly for 12 of the 16 States. Data collected from the remaining 4 States are used to establish the "Other States" estimates. These 4 States include Illinois, New Mexico, Oregon, and Wyoming. The "Other States" category represents all cattle on feed with a capacity of 1,000 or more head for the rest of the United States. Estimating Procedures: These cattle on feed estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by Regional Field Offices. Regional and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous month when establishing the current estimates. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve month to month relationships. Estimates for the previous month are subject to revision in all States each month when current estimates are made. In February, all monthly estimates for the previous year, and the number of feedlots and annual marketings from two years ago are reviewed and subject to revisions. The reviews are primarily based on slaughter data, state check-off or brand data, and any other data that may have been received after the original estimate was made. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date and estimates become final. Reliability: Since all 1,000+ capacity cattle on feed operators in every State are not included in the monthly survey, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle on feed inventory estimates over the past 24 months is 0.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 11.8 million head by more than 0.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.6 percent. The table below shows a 24-month record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of number on feed as an example, changes between the first estimate and the latest estimate during the past 24 months have averaged 38,000 head, ranging from 0 to 65,000 head. During this period, the initial estimate has been above the latest estimate 0 times and has been below the latest estimate 23 times. This does not imply that the initial estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of Monthly Cattle on Feed Estimates [Based on data for the past 24 months] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Months : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent -------- 1,000 ------- ----- number ----- : On feed ......................: 0.4 0.6 38 0 65 23 0 : Placements ...................: 0.6 1.0 8 0 23 10 10 : Marketings ...................: 0.1 0.2 1 0 6 5 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ....................................................... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ......................................................... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter .................................................... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........................................................ (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows .................................................. (512) 501-3266 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ............................................................... (202) 690-3347 Anthony Fischer - Hogs and Pigs............................................................. (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ......................................................... 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