Cattle on Feed ISSN: 1948-9080 Released February 21, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). United States Cattle on Feed Down 1 Percent Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in the United States for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head totaled 11.7 million head on February 1, 2025. The inventory was 1 percent below February 1, 2024. Placements in feedlots during January totaled 1.82 million head, 2 percent above 2024. Net placements were 1.76 million head. During January, placements of cattle and calves weighing less than 600 pounds were 365,000 head, 600-699 pounds were 395,000 head, 700-799 pounds were 505,000 head, 800-899 pounds were 382,000 head, 900-999 pounds were 105,000 head, and 1,000 pounds and greater were 70,000 head. Marketings of fed cattle during January totaled 1.87 million head, 1 percent above 2024. Other disappearance totaled 60,000 head during January, 26 percent below 2024. Cattle on Feed and Annual Size Group Estimates Cattle and calves on feed for slaughter market in the United States for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head represented 82.7 percent of all cattle and calves on feed in the United States on January 1, 2025. This is comparable to the 82.7 percent on January 1, 2024. Marketings of fed cattle for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head during 2024 represented 87.2 percent of total cattle marketed from all feedlots in the United States, down slightly from 87.3 percent during 2023. Contents Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: February 1, 2024 and 2025................................................................... 3 Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025.................................................................... 3 Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025.............. 3 Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025.... 4 Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States....................................... 4 Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025....... 5 Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025.............................................................................................. 5 Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025............. 6 Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025.. 6 Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024............. 7 Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024................ 8 Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2024........................................................................................ 9 Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024...................... 13 Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024........... 14 Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Quarter - States and United States: 2024........... 15 Feedlots, Inventory, and Marketings by Size of Feedlot - United States: 2023 and 2024...................... 15 Total Feedlot Capacity of 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025............... 15 All Cattle on Feed Inventory - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025.......................... 16 Terms and Definitions of Cattle on Feed Estimates.......................................................... 17 Statistical Methodology.................................................................................... 17 Reliability of Monthly Cattle on Feed Estimates............................................................ 18 Information Contacts....................................................................................... 18 Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: February 1, 2024 and 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : 2024 : 2025 :previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : On feed January 1 ......................: 11,930 11,823 99 Placed on feed during January ..........: 1,791 1,822 102 Fed cattle marketed during January .....: 1,843 1,869 101 Other disappearance during January .....: 81 60 74 On feed February 1 .....................: 11,797 11,716 99 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed Inventory, Placements, Marketings, and Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025 [December preceding year] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : 2024 : 2025 :previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head ---- percent : On feed December 1 .....................: 12,016 11,982 100 Placed on feed during December .........: 1,698 1,642 97 Fed cattle marketed during December ....: 1,724 1,742 101 Other disappearance during December ....: 60 59 98 On feed January 1 ......................: 11,930 11,823 99 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Item : : :----------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 :previous year : inventory -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---- 1,000 head --- percent percent : Class on feed January 1 ................: Steers and steer calves ..............: 7,195 7,248 101 61 Heifers and heifer calves ............: 4,735 4,575 97 39 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : February 1, 2025 : : :-------------------------------------------- State :February 1, 2024 : January 1, 2025 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Inventory :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------------- 1,000 head -------------- ----- percent ----- : Arizona ..........: 262 233 231 88 99 California .......: 520 520 520 100 100 Colorado .........: 1,010 1,050 1,030 102 98 Idaho ............: 345 330 335 97 102 Iowa .............: 640 650 670 105 103 Kansas ...........: 2,390 2,400 2,370 99 99 Minnesota ........: 105 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Nebraska .........: 2,550 2,580 2,590 102 100 Oklahoma .........: 330 360 345 105 96 South Dakota .....: 240 230 230 96 100 Texas ............: 2,820 2,780 2,700 96 97 Washington .......: 260 255 255 98 100 : Other States .....: 325 435 440 135 101 : United States ....: 11,797 11,823 11,716 99 99 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During January 2025 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 :December 2024 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Placements :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ----- : Arizona ..........: 24 23 23 96 100 California .......: 63 65 63 100 97 Colorado .........: 135 130 130 96 100 Idaho ............: 46 41 41 89 100 Iowa .............: 115 91 115 100 126 Kansas ...........: 390 410 450 115 110 Minnesota ........: 11 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Nebraska .........: 505 460 535 106 116 Oklahoma .........: 35 35 34 97 97 South Dakota .....: 41 38 35 85 92 Texas ............: 345 255 295 86 116 Washington .......: 32 31 36 113 116 : Other States .....: 49 63 65 133 103 : United States ....: 1,791 1,642 1,822 102 111 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During January 2024 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 30 35 25 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 45 90 130 85 40 (D) (D) 390 Nebraska ......: 40 100 155 140 70 (D) (D) 505 Texas .........: 135 80 70 50 10 (D) (D) 345 : Other States ..: 130 90 85 76 35 (D) (D) 416 : United States .: 375 390 475 376 (X) 105 70 1,791 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During December 2024 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 30 30 20 20 (D) (D) 130 Kansas ........: 60 95 120 90 45 (D) (D) 410 Nebraska ......: 55 105 105 100 95 (D) (D) 460 Texas .........: 110 60 50 25 10 (D) (D) 255 : Other States ..: 140 90 70 52 35 (D) (D) 387 : United States .: 395 380 375 287 (X) 115 90 1,642 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During January 2025 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 30 35 20 20 (D) (D) 130 Kansas ........: 50 105 155 100 40 (D) (D) 450 Nebraska ......: 45 110 165 145 70 (D) (D) 535 Texas .........: 115 65 65 40 10 (D) (D) 295 : Other States ..: 130 85 85 77 35 (D) (D) 412 : United States .: 365 395 505 382 (X) 105 70 1,822 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ The 900 pounds and greater weight group is the sum of 900-999 pounds and 1,000 pounds and greater weight groups. Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During January 2025 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 :December 2024 : : Percent of : Percent of : : : Marketings :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------ 1,000 head ----------- ----- percent ----- : Arizona ..........: 26 21 24 92 114 California .......: 57 49 57 100 116 Colorado .........: 135 130 145 107 112 Idaho ............: 35 40 35 100 88 Iowa .............: 103 100 94 91 94 Kansas ...........: 465 420 465 100 111 Minnesota ........: 10 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Nebraska .........: 490 465 510 104 110 Oklahoma .........: 39 39 48 123 123 South Dakota .....: 30 42 34 113 81 Texas ............: 370 345 365 99 106 Washington .......: 41 35 35 85 100 : Other States .....: 42 56 57 136 102 : United States ....: 1,843 1,742 1,869 101 107 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 and 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : During January 2025 : During : During :-------------------------------------------- State : January 2024 :December 2024 : Other : Percent of : Percent of : : :disappearance :previous year :previous month --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- 1,000 head ---------- ----- percent ----- : Arizona ..........: 1 1 1 100 100 California .......: 6 6 6 100 100 Colorado .........: 10 10 5 50 50 Idaho ............: 1 1 1 100 100 Iowa .............: 2 1 1 50 100 Kansas ...........: 15 10 15 100 150 Minnesota ........: 1 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Nebraska .........: 25 15 15 60 100 Oklahoma .........: 1 1 1 100 100 South Dakota .....: 1 1 1 100 100 Texas ............: 15 10 10 67 100 Washington .......: 1 1 1 100 100 : Other States .....: 2 2 3 150 150 : United States ....: 81 59 60 74 102 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. Cattle on Feed Inventory on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : State : January 1 :February 1 : March 1 : April 1 : May 1 : June 1 : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 265 262 258 256 254 253 California ...: 520 520 520 530 525 525 Colorado .....: 1,020 1,010 1,020 990 950 960 Idaho ........: 335 345 345 345 340 335 Iowa .........: 630 640 650 660 660 660 Kansas .......: 2,480 2,390 2,400 2,400 2,300 2,320 Minnesota ....: 105 105 105 105 110 105 Nebraska .....: 2,560 2,550 2,560 2,540 2,510 2,480 Oklahoma .....: 335 330 330 330 320 330 South Dakota .: 230 240 245 250 245 220 Texas ........: 2,860 2,820 2,820 2,840 2,770 2,840 Washington ...: 270 260 255 250 245 245 : Other States .: 320 325 330 330 325 310 : United States : 11,930 11,797 11,838 11,826 11,554 11,583 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : July 1 : August 1 :September 1: October 1 :November 1 :December 1 State : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 249 240 233 230 231 232 California ...: 530 520 520 515 515 510 Colorado .....: 970 960 970 1,000 1,060 1,060 Idaho ........: 330 310 315 330 330 330 Iowa .........: 650 650 660 660 670 660 Kansas .......: 2,220 2,210 2,280 2,370 2,410 2,420 Minnesota ....: 105 100 95 100 105 105 Nebraska .....: 2,390 2,320 2,320 2,470 2,580 2,600 Oklahoma .....: 325 325 330 345 365 365 South Dakota .: 205 190 185 195 225 235 Texas ........: 2,790 2,740 2,750 2,820 2,880 2,880 Washington ...: 240 240 245 255 270 260 : Other States .: 300 290 295 310 325 325 : United States : 11,304 11,095 11,198 11,600 11,966 11,982 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Placed on Feed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 20 24 22 22 23 25 California ...: 77 63 66 65 60 60 Colorado .....: 135 135 150 135 135 170 Idaho ........: 45 46 43 37 39 43 Iowa .........: 83 115 118 105 89 73 Kansas .......: 395 390 460 400 370 485 Minnesota ....: 16 11 14 14 16 9 Nebraska .....: 435 505 505 450 445 495 Oklahoma .....: 43 35 38 41 44 74 South Dakota .: 37 41 42 40 30 24 Texas ........: 330 345 355 365 330 505 Washington ...: 38 32 33 33 34 39 : Other States .: 44 49 44 45 41 44 : United States : 1,698 1,791 1,890 1,752 1,656 2,046 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 19 16 15 16 21 22 California ...: 65 45 61 61 57 52 Colorado .....: 145 145 155 175 210 135 Idaho ........: 34 32 50 63 50 45 Iowa .........: 47 56 75 72 95 91 Kansas .......: 315 425 535 505 480 400 Minnesota ....: 10 8 10 16 22 15 Nebraska .....: 415 450 495 620 615 510 Oklahoma .....: 49 45 50 57 66 44 South Dakota .: 24 21 30 47 70 56 Texas ........: 365 385 415 425 470 345 Washington ...: 39 37 36 42 50 34 : Other States .: 37 37 49 57 60 47 : United States : 1,564 1,702 1,976 2,156 2,266 1,796 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December prior year. Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Month - States and United States: 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During December prior year :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 35 30 20 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 60 90 120 80 45 (D) (D) 395 Nebraska ......: 50 105 100 90 90 (D) (D) 435 Texas .........: 150 85 55 30 10 (D) (D) 330 : Other States ..: 145 95 75 58 30 (D) (D) 403 : United States .: 435 410 380 278 (X) 110 85 1,698 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During January :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 30 35 25 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 45 90 130 85 40 (D) (D) 390 Nebraska ......: 40 100 155 140 70 (D) (D) 505 Texas .........: 135 80 70 50 10 (D) (D) 345 : Other States ..: 130 90 85 76 35 (D) (D) 416 : United States .: 375 390 475 376 (X) 105 70 1,791 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During February :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 30 35 35 25 (D) (D) 150 Kansas ........: 45 75 155 135 50 (D) (D) 460 Nebraska ......: 35 75 155 165 75 (D) (D) 505 Texas .........: 140 75 70 55 15 (D) (D) 355 : Other States ..: 115 75 100 95 35 (D) (D) 420 : United States .: 360 330 515 485 (X) 150 50 1,890 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During March :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 20 30 40 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 40 55 125 125 55 (D) (D) 400 Nebraska ......: 25 60 130 140 95 (D) (D) 450 Texas .........: 135 70 80 60 20 (D) (D) 365 : Other States ..: 105 55 100 102 40 (D) (D) 402 : United States .: 330 260 465 467 (X) 170 60 1,752 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During April :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 20 30 35 25 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 40 50 110 105 65 (D) (D) 370 Nebraska ......: 30 45 100 160 110 (D) (D) 445 Texas .........: 125 55 65 60 25 (D) (D) 330 : Other States ..: 115 50 70 91 50 (D) (D) 376 : United States .: 335 220 375 451 (X) 205 70 1,656 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During May :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 40 45 30 (D) (D) 170 Kansas ........: 55 75 145 130 80 (D) (D) 485 Nebraska ......: 40 50 110 165 130 (D) (D) 495 Texas .........: 160 105 120 90 30 (D) (D) 505 : Other States ..: 110 60 70 101 50 (D) (D) 391 : United States .: 395 315 485 531 (X) 230 90 2,046 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During June :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 35 35 20 (D) (D) 145 Kansas ........: 50 60 90 75 40 (D) (D) 315 Nebraska ......: 40 50 95 120 110 (D) (D) 415 Texas .........: 150 75 75 45 20 (D) (D) 365 : Other States ..: 90 45 55 79 55 (D) (D) 324 : United States .: 360 255 350 354 (X) 165 80 1,564 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During July :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 30 25 35 30 25 (D) (D) 145 Kansas ........: 60 70 125 110 60 (D) (D) 425 Nebraska ......: 40 50 100 140 120 (D) (D) 450 Texas .........: 175 85 70 40 15 (D) (D) 385 : Other States ..: 85 35 55 67 55 (D) (D) 297 : United States .: 390 265 385 387 (X) 200 75 1,702 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During August :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 30 30 40 30 (D) (D) 155 Kansas ........: 65 95 160 140 75 (D) (D) 535 Nebraska ......: 40 45 95 150 165 (D) (D) 495 Texas .........: 175 95 80 50 15 (D) (D) 415 : Other States ..: 90 40 70 101 75 (D) (D) 376 : United States .: 395 305 435 481 (X) 270 90 1,976 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Cattle Placed on Feed by Weight Group on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During September :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 25 20 35 55 40 (D) (D) 175 Kansas ........: 65 95 155 125 65 (D) (D) 505 Nebraska ......: 60 60 110 190 200 (D) (D) 620 Texas .........: 160 110 90 55 10 (D) (D) 425 : Other States ..: 115 45 75 106 90 (D) (D) 431 : United States .: 425 330 465 531 (X) 305 100 2,156 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During October :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 40 40 45 50 35 (D) (D) 210 Kansas ........: 75 105 140 105 55 (D) (D) 480 Nebraska ......: 130 115 105 135 130 (D) (D) 615 Texas .........: 170 115 115 55 15 (D) (D) 470 : Other States ..: 165 105 80 86 55 (D) (D) 491 : United States .: 580 480 485 431 (X) 210 80 2,266 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During November :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :Under 600 lbs : 600-699 lbs : 700-799 lbs : 800-899 lbs : 900+ lbs 1/ : 900-999 lbs : 1,000+ lbs : Total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head 1,000 head : Colorado ......: 40 30 25 20 20 (D) (D) 135 Kansas ........: 60 95 120 80 45 (D) (D) 400 Nebraska ......: 100 120 95 90 105 (D) (D) 510 Texas .........: 140 85 70 35 15 (D) (D) 345 : Other States ..: 155 90 65 51 45 (D) (D) 406 : United States .: 495 420 375 276 (X) 145 85 1,796 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ The 900+ weight group is the sum of 900-999 pound and 1,000+ pound weight group. Cattle Marketed on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 20 26 25 23 24 25 California ...: 61 57 60 49 59 54 Colorado .....: 140 135 135 160 170 155 Idaho ........: 39 35 41 36 43 47 Iowa .........: 92 103 106 93 87 71 Kansas .......: 405 465 440 390 460 455 Minnesota ....: 10 10 13 13 10 13 Nebraska .....: 440 490 480 460 465 510 Oklahoma .....: 32 39 37 40 53 63 South Dakota .: 35 30 36 33 34 47 Texas ........: 365 370 345 330 385 420 Washington ...: 37 41 37 37 38 38 : Other States .: 48 42 38 43 44 57 : United States : 1,724 1,843 1,793 1,707 1,872 1,955 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 22 24 21 18 19 20 California ...: 54 49 55 60 51 51 Colorado .....: 130 150 140 140 145 130 Idaho ........: 38 51 44 46 48 44 Iowa .........: 56 55 64 71 84 100 Kansas .......: 405 425 455 405 430 380 Minnesota ....: 9 12 14 10 16 14 Nebraska .....: 495 510 485 460 495 480 Oklahoma .....: 53 44 44 40 45 42 South Dakota .: 36 34 34 36 39 45 Texas ........: 400 420 390 340 395 330 Washington ...: 43 36 30 31 34 43 : Other States .: 45 45 43 41 44 46 : United States : 1,786 1,855 1,819 1,698 1,845 1,725 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December prior year. Cattle Other Disappearance on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots by Month - States and United States: 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :December 1/: January : February : March : April : May -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 1 1 1 1 1 1 California ...: 6 6 6 6 6 6 Colorado .....: 5 10 5 5 5 5 Idaho ........: 1 1 2 1 1 1 Iowa .........: 1 2 2 2 2 2 Kansas .......: 10 15 10 10 10 10 Minnesota ....: 1 1 1 1 1 1 Nebraska .....: 15 25 15 10 10 15 Oklahoma .....: 1 1 1 1 1 1 South Dakota .: 2 1 1 2 1 2 Texas ........: 15 15 10 15 15 15 Washington ...: 1 1 1 1 1 1 : Other States .: 1 2 1 2 2 2 : United States : 60 81 56 57 56 62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : During :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : June : July : August : September : October : November -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 1 1 1 1 1 1 California ...: 6 6 6 6 6 6 Colorado .....: 5 5 5 5 5 5 Idaho ........: 1 1 1 2 2 1 Iowa .........: 1 1 1 1 1 1 Kansas .......: 10 10 10 10 10 10 Minnesota ....: 1 1 1 1 1 1 Nebraska .....: 10 10 10 10 10 10 Oklahoma .....: 1 1 1 2 1 2 South Dakota .: 3 2 1 1 1 1 Texas ........: 15 15 15 15 15 15 Washington ...: 1 1 1 1 1 1 : Other States .: 2 2 1 1 1 1 : United States : 57 56 54 56 55 55 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ December prior year. Cattle on Feed by Class on 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots and Quarter - States and United States: 2024 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers & steer calves : Heifers & heifer calves :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State :January 1: April 1 : July 1 :October 1:January 1: April 1 : July 1 :October 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona ......: 250 246 239 220 15 10 10 10 California ...: 415 435 435 420 105 95 95 95 Colorado .....: 540 530 500 525 480 460 470 475 Idaho ........: 180 195 180 175 155 150 150 155 Iowa .........: 475 510 510 510 155 150 140 150 Kansas .......: 1,380 1,340 1,220 1,340 1,100 1,060 1,000 1,030 Minnesota ....: 85 90 90 85 20 15 15 15 Nebraska .....: 1,590 1,660 1,510 1,530 970 880 880 940 Oklahoma .....: 195 185 180 190 140 145 145 155 South Dakota .: 135 155 125 110 95 95 80 85 Texas ........: 1,610 1,570 1,510 1,560 1,250 1,270 1,280 1,260 Washington ...: 145 135 130 135 125 115 110 120 : Other States .: 195 215 195 200 125 115 105 110 : United States : 7,195 7,266 6,824 7,000 4,735 4,560 4,480 4,600 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feedlots, Inventory, and Marketings by Size of Feedlot - United States: 2023 and 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 :------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Cattle : : : Cattle Feedlot capacity :Feedlots:Inventory 1/:marketed:Feedlots:Inventory 1/:marketed ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number ---- 1,000 head --- number ---- 1,000 head --- : Less than 1,000 head : 23,000 2,496.3 3,160.0 24,000 2,473.7 3,180.0 : 1,000 head or more ..: 2,103 11,930.0 21,675.0 2,105 11,823.0 21,640.0 1,000 - 1,999 ....: 730 350.0 615.0 740 363.0 610.0 2,000 - 3,999 ....: 530 660.0 1,170.0 530 630.0 1,220.0 4,000 - 7,999 ....: 370 930.0 1,730.0 370 930.0 1,790.0 8,000 - 15,999 ...: 200 1,090.0 2,210.0 190 1,040.0 1,990.0 16,000 - 23,999 ..: 85 900.0 1,760.0 85 940.0 1,840.0 24,000 - 31,999 ..: 47 890.0 1,610.0 45 760.0 1,550.0 32,000 - 49,999 ..: 65 2,280.0 4,000.0 65 2,190.0 3,920.0 50,000 and Over ..: 76 4,830.0 8,580.0 80 4,970.0 8,720.0 : All feedlots ........: 25,103 14,426.3 24,835.0 26,105 14,296.7 24,820.0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Inventory estimates as of January 1 of the following year. Total Feedlot Capacity of 1,000+ Capacity Feedlots - United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Feedlot capacity State :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : : United States ........: 17,100 17,200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Cattle on Feed Inventory - States and United States: January 1, 2024 and 2025 [Cattle and calves on feed are steers and heifers being fed a ration of grain, silage, hay, and/or protein supplement for slaughter market that are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. It excludes cattle being "backgrounded only" for later sale as feeders or late placement in another feedlot. Cattle and calves on feed are included in the cattle inventory estimates by class] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2024 : 2025 : Percent of : : : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head percent : : Arizona ................................: 267.0 235.0 88 California .............................: 520.0 520.0 100 Colorado ...............................: 1,050.0 1,080.0 103 Idaho ..................................: 345.0 340.0 99 Illinois ...............................: 230.0 250.0 109 Indiana ................................: 90.0 (NA) (NA) Iowa ...................................: 1,180.0 1,210.0 103 Kansas .................................: 2,600.0 2,500.0 96 Kentucky ...............................: 18.0 (NA) (NA) Maryland ...............................: 6.5 (NA) (NA) : Michigan ...............................: 135.0 145.0 107 Minnesota ..............................: 390.0 370.0 95 Missouri ...............................: 90.0 (NA) (NA) Montana ................................: 41.0 (NA) (NA) Nebraska ...............................: 2,750.0 2,700.0 98 Nevada .................................: 3.0 (NA) (NA) New York ...............................: 23.0 (NA) (NA) North Dakota ...........................: 45.0 (NA) (NA) Ohio ...................................: 140.0 150.0 107 Oklahoma ...............................: 330.0 365.0 111 : Pennsylvania ...........................: 85.0 (NA) (NA) South Dakota ...........................: 420.0 435.0 104 Texas ..................................: 2,870.0 2,790.0 97 Utah ...................................: 16.0 (NA) (NA) Virginia ...............................: 14.0 (NA) (NA) Washington .............................: 275.0 260.0 95 West Virginia ..........................: 4.0 (NA) (NA) Wisconsin ..............................: 220.0 230.0 105 Wyoming ................................: 71.0 (NA) (NA) : Other States 1/ ........................: 197.8 716.7 362 : United States ..........................: 14,426.3 14,296.7 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Individual state estimates not available for states not shown, but are included in Other States. Terms and Definitions of Cattle on Feed Estimates Number of feedlots is the number of lots operating at the end of the year with inventory of cattle on feed. Cattle on feed are steers and heifers being fed a ration of grain, silage, hay and/or protein supplement for slaughter market that are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. It excludes cattle being "backgrounded only" for later sale as feeders or later placement in another feedlot. Placements are steers and heifers put into a feedlot, fed a ration which will produce a carcass that will grade select or better, and are intended for the slaughter market. Marketings are steers and heifers shipped out of feedlots to a slaughter market. Other disappearance includes death loss, movement from feedlots to pasture, and shipments to other feedlots for further feeding. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: During January and July all known feedlots in the United States with capacity of 1,000 or more head are surveyed to provide data for cattle on feed estimates. During the other months, all known feedlots from 16 States are surveyed. The 16 States account for approximately 98 percent of the cattle on feed in feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head. Individual State estimates are published monthly for 11 of the 16 States. Data collected from the remaining 5 States are used to establish the "Other States" estimates. These 5 States include Illinois, Minnesota, New Mexico, Oregon, and Wyoming. The "Other States" category represents all cattle on feed with a capacity of 1,000 or more head for the rest of the United States. Estimating Procedures: These cattle on feed estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by Regional Field Offices. Regional and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous month when establishing the current estimates. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve month to month relationships. Estimates for the previous month are subject to revision in all States each month when current estimates are made. In February, all monthly estimates for the previous year, and the number of feedlots and annual marketings from two years ago are reviewed and subject to revisions. The reviews are primarily based on slaughter data, state check-off or brand data, and any other data that may have been received after the original estimate was made. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date and estimates become final. Reliability: Since all 1,000+ capacity cattle on feed operators in every State are not included in the monthly survey, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle on feed inventory estimates over the past 24 months is 0.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 11.7 million head by more than 0.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.4 percent. The table below shows a 24-month record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of number on feed as an example, changes between the first estimate and the latest estimate during the past 24 months have averaged 17,000 head, ranging from 0 to 50,000 head. During this period, the initial estimate has been above the latest estimate 1 time and has been below the latest estimate 12 times. This does not imply that the initial estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of Monthly Cattle on Feed Estimates [Based on data for the past 24 months] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Months : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent -------- 1,000 ------- ----- number ----- : On feed ......................: 0.2 0.4 17 0 50 12 1 : Placements ...................: 0.3 0.6 4 0 20 7 7 : Marketings ...................: 0.1 0.2 1 0 6 6 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ...... (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........ (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ... (202) 690-8632 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ....... (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production and Milk Cows.. (202) 720-3278 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products .............. (202) 690-3347 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs ............ (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Sheep and Goats ........ (202) 720-4448 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agency's archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690- 7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.