Milk Production ISSN: 1949-1557 Released March 12, 2019, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January Milk Production up 1.3 Percent Milk production in the 23 major States during January totaled 17.5 billion pounds, up 1.3 percent from January 2018. December revised production, at 17.1 billion pounds, was up 0.8 percent from December 2017. The December revision represented an increase of 2 million pounds or less than 0.1 percent from last month's preliminary production estimate. Production per cow in the 23 major States averaged 2,011 pounds for January, 38 pounds above January 2018. This is the highest production per cow for the month of January since the 23 State series began in 2003. The number of milk cows on farms in the 23 major States was 8.72 million head, 52,000 head less than January 2018, but 2,000 head more than December 2018. 2018 Annual Milk Production up 1.0 Percent from 2017 The annual production of milk for the United States during 2018 was 218 billion pounds, 1.0 percent above 2017. Revisions to 2017 production increased the annual total 61 million pounds. Revised 2018 production was up 99 million pounds from last month's publication. Annual total milk production has increased 15.0 percent from 2009. Production per cow in the United States averaged 23,149 pounds for 2018, 235 pounds above 2017. The average annual rate of milk production per cow has increased 12.6 percent from 2009. The average number of milk cows on farms in the United States during 2018 was 9.40 million head, down 0.1 percent from 2017. The average number of milk cows was revised up 14,000 head for 2018. The average annual number of milk cows has increased 2.1 percent from 2009. This page intentionally left blank Contents Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - United States: 2018-2019................................ 4 Milk Cows and Production by Month - 23 Selected States: 2018-2019............................. 4 Estimated Milk Cows and Production by Month - United States: 2018-2019........................ 4 Milk Cows and Production - 23 Selected States: January 2018 and 2019.......................... 5 Monthly Milk Production - 23 Selected States.............................................. 5 Milk Cows and Production - 23 Selected States: December 2017 and 2018......................... 6 Monthly Milk Cows - 23 Selected States........................................................ 6 Milk Cows and Production - United States: 2009-2018........................................... 7 Milk Production - United States: 2009-2018.................................................... 7 Milk Cows and Production - States and United States: 2017 and 2018............................ 8 Milk Cows - United States: 2009-2018.......................................................... 9 Production per Cow - United States: 2009-2018................................................. 9 Milk Cows by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2017.............. 10 Milk Cows by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2018.............. 11 Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2017.. 12 Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2018.. 13 Milk Production by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2017........ 14 Milk Production by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2018........ 15 Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2017.......................... 16 Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2018.......................... 17 Licensed Dairy Herds - States and United States: 2017 and 2018................................ 18 Statistical Methodology....................................................................... 19 Reliability of Monthly Milk Production Estimates.............................................. 19 Information Contacts.......................................................................... 20 Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - United States: 2018-2019 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Quarter : : : : : : : Change : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : from : : : : : : : 2018 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head --- pounds -- million pounds percent : January-March ...: 9,435 5,766 54,399 April-June ......: 9,418 5,928 55,831 July-September ..: 9,383 5,752 53,969 October-December : 9,359 5,703 53,376 : Annual ..........: 9,399 23,149 217,575 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production by Month - 23 Selected States: 2018-2019 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change Month : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : from : : : : : : : 2018 :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : January .......: 8,771 8,719 1,973 2,011 17,308 17,533 1.3 February ......: 8,770 1,817 15,936 March .........: 8,764 2,034 17,826 April .........: 8,760 1,977 17,318 May ...........: 8,765 2,053 17,995 June ..........: 8,758 1,963 17,195 July ..........: 8,748 1,979 17,311 August ........: 8,747 1,970 17,233 September .....: 8,727 1,883 16,432 October .......: 8,726 1,933 16,870 November ......: 8,721 1,878 16,374 December ......: 8,717 1,966 17,135 : Annual ........: 8,748 23,426 204,933 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Estimated Milk Cows and Production by Month - United States: 2018-2019 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change Month : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : from : : : : : : : 2018 :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : January .......: 9,438 9,355 1,953 1,988 18,437 18,600 0.9 February ......: 9,436 1,799 16,973 March .........: 9,430 2,014 18,989 April .........: 9,418 1,955 18,412 May ...........: 9,422 2,030 19,131 June ..........: 9,414 1,943 18,288 July ..........: 9,392 1,952 18,329 August ........: 9,389 1,943 18,245 September .....: 9,368 1,857 17,395 October .......: 9,367 1,908 17,873 November ......: 9,358 1,854 17,348 December ......: 9,353 1,941 18,155 : Annual ........: 9,399 23,149 217,575 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - 23 Selected States: January 2018 and 2019 [May not add due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : from : : : : : : : 2018 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : Arizona .......: 212 204 2,095 2,095 444 427 -3.8 California ....: 1,738 1,730 2,005 2,030 3,485 3,512 0.8 Colorado ......: 170 180 2,195 2,210 373 398 6.7 Florida .......: 124 116 1,775 1,810 220 210 -4.5 Idaho .........: 605 615 2,055 2,095 1,243 1,288 3.6 Illinois ......: 93 85 1,800 1,800 167 153 -8.4 Indiana .......: 187 181 1,930 1,935 361 350 -3.0 Iowa ..........: 220 220 2,035 2,075 448 457 2.0 Kansas ........: 156 162 1,960 2,005 306 325 6.2 Michigan ......: 428 422 2,190 2,245 937 947 1.1 : Minnesota .....: 455 450 1,835 1,885 835 848 1.6 New Mexico ....: 334 324 2,140 2,130 715 690 -3.5 New York ......: 625 627 1,955 2,015 1,222 1,263 3.4 Ohio ..........: 262 253 1,800 1,795 472 454 -3.8 Oregon ........: 124 125 1,695 1,760 210 220 4.8 Pennsylvania ..: 525 500 1,760 1,745 924 873 -5.5 South Dakota ..: 119 123 1,855 1,910 221 235 6.3 Texas .........: 530 548 1,985 2,060 1,052 1,129 7.3 Utah ..........: 98 100 1,930 1,930 189 193 2.1 Vermont .......: 128 126 1,780 1,825 228 230 0.9 : Virginia ......: 87 78 1,700 1,680 148 131 -11.5 Washington ....: 276 280 2,020 2,060 558 577 3.4 Wisconsin .....: 1,275 1,270 2,000 2,065 2,550 2,623 2.9 : 23-State Total : 8,771 8,719 1,973 2,011 17,308 17,533 1.3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - 23 Selected States: December 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : : : : Change : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : from : : : : : : : 2017 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- 1,000 head -- ---- pounds --- million pounds percent : Arizona .......: 210 205 2,040 2,060 428 422 -1.4 California ....: 1,741 1,730 1,935 1,970 3,369 3,408 1.2 Colorado ......: 167 178 2,210 2,195 369 391 6.0 Florida .......: 124 116 1,675 1,665 208 193 -7.2 Idaho .........: 600 614 2,020 2,060 1,212 1,265 4.4 Illinois ......: 93 85 1,770 1,770 165 150 -9.1 Indiana .......: 187 181 1,900 1,890 355 342 -3.7 Iowa ..........: 220 220 2,020 2,035 444 448 0.9 Kansas ........: 155 161 1,960 1,970 304 317 4.3 Michigan ......: 428 422 2,180 2,205 933 931 -0.2 : Minnesota .....: 456 450 1,815 1,850 828 833 0.6 New Mexico ....: 332 325 2,075 2,060 689 670 -2.8 New York ......: 625 625 1,955 1,990 1,222 1,244 1.8 Ohio ..........: 264 253 1,755 1,780 463 450 -2.8 Oregon ........: 124 125 1,675 1,735 208 217 4.3 Pennsylvania ..: 525 505 1,725 1,695 906 856 -5.5 South Dakota ..: 118 122 1,865 1,900 220 232 5.5 Texas .........: 527 544 1,955 1,985 1,030 1,080 4.9 Utah ..........: 97 100 1,935 1,920 188 192 2.1 Vermont .......: 128 126 1,775 1,785 227 225 -0.9 : Virginia ......: 87 79 1,680 1,620 146 128 -12.3 Washington ....: 275 280 1,985 2,025 546 567 3.8 Wisconsin .....: 1,276 1,271 1,990 2,025 2,539 2,574 1.4 : 23-State Total : 8,759 8,717 1,941 1,966 16,999 17,135 0.8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - United States: 2009-2018 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production per cow : Milk production : : 2/ : 2/ Year : Milk cows 1/ :---------------------------------------------- : : Milk : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head pounds million pounds : 2009 ........: 9,202 20,561 189,202 2010 ........: 9,123 21,142 192,877 2011 ........: 9,199 21,334 196,255 2012 ........: 9,237 21,722 200,642 2013 ........: 9,224 21,819 201,260 2014 ........: 9,261 22,249 206,048 2015 ........: 9,320 22,372 208,508 2016 ........: 9,334 22,761 212,451 2017 ........: 9,406 22,914 215,527 2018 ........: 9,399 23,149 217,575 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Average number during year, excluding heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - States and United States: 2017 and 2018 [May not add due to rounding] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : 2017 : 2018 : from : : : : : : : 2017 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : Alabama ........: 6.0 5.0 15,000 14,600 90.0 73.0 -18.9 Alaska .........: 0.3 0.3 9,667 9,333 2.9 2.8 -3.4 Arizona ........: 208.0 208.0 24,197 23,933 5,033.0 4,978.0 -1.1 Arkansas .......: 6.0 6.0 13,333 12,333 80.0 74.0 -7.5 California .....: 1,749.0 1,734.0 22,755 23,306 39,798.0 40,413.0 1.5 Colorado .......: 162.0 176.0 25,858 25,892 4,189.0 4,557.0 8.8 Connecticut ....: 19.0 19.0 22,105 22,474 420.0 427.0 1.7 Delaware .......: 5.0 4.8 18,560 19,063 92.8 91.5 -1.4 Florida ........: 124.0 120.0 20,129 19,842 2,496.0 2,381.0 -4.6 Georgia ........: 84.0 82.0 21,905 21,537 1,840.0 1,766.0 -4.0 : Hawaii .........: 2.3 2.0 16,913 17,000 38.9 34.0 -12.6 Idaho ..........: 600.0 609.0 24,388 24,875 14,633.0 15,149.0 3.5 Illinois .......: 93.0 90.0 20,742 20,867 1,929.0 1,878.0 -2.6 Indiana ........: 187.0 184.0 22,754 22,614 4,255.0 4,161.0 -2.2 Iowa ...........: 218.0 220.0 23,757 23,945 5,179.0 5,268.0 1.7 Kansas .........: 152.0 159.0 23,020 23,321 3,499.0 3,708.0 6.0 Kentucky .......: 56.0 55.0 18,607 18,345 1,042.0 1,009.0 -3.2 Louisiana ......: 12.0 11.0 13,417 13,818 161.0 152.0 -5.6 Maine ..........: 30.0 30.0 21,000 20,600 630.0 618.0 -1.9 Maryland .......: 48.0 45.0 19,917 20,556 956.0 925.0 -3.2 : Massachusetts ..: 12.0 11.0 17,583 18,364 211.0 202.0 -4.3 Michigan .......: 427.0 424.0 26,302 26,340 11,231.0 11,168.0 -0.6 Minnesota ......: 458.0 453.0 21,544 21,784 9,867.0 9,868.0 - Mississippi ....: 9.0 9.0 15,222 14,333 137.0 129.0 -5.8 Missouri .......: 85.0 83.0 14,600 14,386 1,241.0 1,194.0 -3.8 Montana ........: 13.0 12.0 22,154 22,833 288.0 274.0 -4.9 Nebraska .......: 60.0 60.0 24,067 24,000 1,444.0 1,440.0 -0.3 Nevada .........: 32.0 32.0 22,156 22,938 709.0 734.0 3.5 New Hampshire ..: 13.0 12.0 21,000 20,750 273.0 249.0 -8.8 New Jersey .....: 6.0 6.0 19,833 18,333 119.0 110.0 -7.6 : New Mexico .....: 329.0 330.0 24,960 25,106 8,212.0 8,285.0 0.9 New York .......: 624.0 623.0 23,925 23,888 14,929.0 14,882.0 -0.3 North Carolina .: 45.0 44.0 21,156 21,295 952.0 937.0 -1.6 North Dakota ...: 16.0 15.0 21,563 22,267 345.0 334.0 -3.2 Ohio ...........: 264.0 259.0 21,284 21,359 5,619.0 5,532.0 -1.5 Oklahoma .......: 40.0 40.0 18,200 18,125 728.0 725.0 -0.4 Oregon .........: 124.0 123.0 20,395 20,577 2,529.0 2,531.0 0.1 Pennsylvania ...: 525.0 519.0 20,749 20,549 10,893.0 10,665.0 -2.1 Rhode Island ...: 0.8 0.7 16,250 16,714 13.0 11.7 -10.0 South Carolina .: 15.0 14.0 16,533 17,286 248.0 242.0 -2.4 : South Dakota ...: 117.0 121.0 22,376 22,355 2,618.0 2,705.0 3.3 Tennessee ......: 40.0 37.0 17,325 17,135 693.0 634.0 -8.5 Texas ..........: 515.0 537.0 23,406 23,933 12,054.0 12,852.0 6.6 Utah ...........: 96.0 100.0 23,073 23,220 2,215.0 2,322.0 4.8 Vermont ........: 129.0 127.0 21,155 21,102 2,729.0 2,680.0 -1.8 Virginia .......: 87.0 83.0 19,954 19,699 1,736.0 1,635.0 -5.8 Washington .....: 274.0 277.0 23,836 24,318 6,531.0 6,736.0 3.1 West Virginia ..: 8.0 7.0 15,875 15,857 127.0 111.0 -12.6 Wisconsin ......: 1,278.0 1,274.0 23,735 24,002 30,333.0 30,579.0 0.8 Wyoming ........: 6.0 6.0 23,033 23,700 138.2 142.2 2.9 : United States ..: 9,406.0 9,399.0 22,914 23,149 215,527.0 217,575.0 1.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ - Represents zero. 1/ Average number during year, excluding heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2017 [Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona .........: 205 205 206 207 209 209 California ......: 1,755 1,755 1,755 1,755 1,753 1,749 Colorado ........: 157 158 159 160 161 162 Florida .........: 122 123 124 124 124 124 Idaho ...........: 600 596 596 596 600 601 Illinois ........: 93 93 93 93 93 93 Indiana .........: 186 186 186 187 188 188 Iowa ............: 215 216 216 217 217 217 Kansas ..........: 151 151 153 152 150 151 Michigan ........: 425 425 425 426 427 427 : Minnesota .......: 460 460 459 459 459 458 New Mexico ......: 325 325 327 328 329 332 New York ........: 621 622 623 624 624 624 Ohio ............: 263 264 264 264 264 264 Oregon ..........: 124 124 124 124 124 124 Pennsylvania ....: 525 525 525 525 525 525 South Dakota ....: 117 117 117 117 117 118 Texas ...........: 500 503 507 510 513 515 Utah ............: 92 92 94 94 96 96 Vermont .........: 129 129 129 129 129 129 : Virginia ........: 87 87 87 87 87 87 Washington ......: 275 274 273 273 273 273 Wisconsin .......: 1,280 1,280 1,280 1,279 1,279 1,278 : 23-State total ..: 8,707 8,710 8,722 8,730 8,741 8,744 : United States 1/ : 9,375 9,378 9,391 9,400 9,411 9,413 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December :average 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : : Arizona .........: 209 209 209 211 210 210 208 California ......: 1,747 1,746 1,745 1,743 1,743 1,741 1,749 Colorado ........: 163 164 165 166 166 167 162 Florida .........: 124 124 123 124 124 124 124 Idaho ...........: 601 603 603 600 600 600 600 Illinois ........: 93 93 93 93 93 93 93 Indiana .........: 187 187 187 187 187 187 187 Iowa ............: 217 219 219 219 219 220 218 Kansas ..........: 151 152 152 152 153 155 152 Michigan ........: 427 428 428 428 428 428 427 : Minnesota .......: 458 458 457 457 456 456 458 New Mexico ......: 332 331 331 329 330 332 329 New York ........: 624 624 624 624 625 625 624 Ohio ............: 264 264 264 264 264 264 264 Oregon ..........: 124 123 123 123 124 124 124 Pennsylvania ....: 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 South Dakota ....: 118 118 118 117 117 118 117 Texas ...........: 515 519 522 523 526 527 515 Utah ............: 97 97 97 97 97 97 96 Vermont .........: 129 129 128 128 128 128 129 : Virginia ........: 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 Washington ......: 275 275 274 274 274 275 274 Wisconsin .......: 1,278 1,278 1,277 1,277 1,277 1,276 1,278 : 23-State Total ..: 8,745 8,753 8,751 8,748 8,753 8,759 8,739 : United States 1/ : 9,413 9,419 9,416 9,414 9,419 9,425 9,406 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 23-state monthly total. 2/ Average based on monthly totals. Milk Cows by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2018 [Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona .........: 212 212 211 210 208 206 California ......: 1,738 1,738 1,738 1,735 1,735 1,735 Colorado ........: 170 170 173 175 177 177 Florida .........: 124 124 123 122 122 120 Idaho ...........: 605 607 607 607 610 610 Illinois ........: 93 93 93 93 93 93 Indiana .........: 187 186 185 185 184 184 Iowa ............: 220 220 220 220 220 220 Kansas ..........: 156 156 157 157 158 159 Michigan ........: 428 427 425 423 423 423 : Minnesota .......: 455 455 454 454 454 453 New Mexico ......: 334 334 334 334 332 332 New York ........: 625 625 625 624 624 623 Ohio ............: 262 262 262 262 262 260 Oregon ..........: 124 123 121 121 121 121 Pennsylvania ....: 525 525 524 524 523 521 South Dakota ....: 119 119 120 120 121 122 Texas ...........: 530 530 530 533 535 536 Utah ............: 98 99 99 99 101 101 Vermont .........: 128 128 128 127 127 127 : Virginia ........: 87 87 86 85 84 84 Washington ......: 276 275 275 276 277 277 Wisconsin .......: 1,275 1,275 1,274 1,274 1,274 1,274 : 23-State total ..: 8,771 8,770 8,764 8,760 8,765 8,758 : United States 1/ : 9,438 9,436 9,430 9,418 9,422 9,414 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December :average 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : : Arizona .........: 206 206 206 205 205 205 208 California ......: 1,734 1,734 1,732 1,732 1,731 1,730 1,734 Colorado ........: 177 178 178 178 178 178 176 Florida .........: 119 119 118 118 118 116 120 Idaho ...........: 610 610 610 610 612 614 609 Illinois ........: 92 90 88 86 85 85 90 Indiana .........: 184 184 182 182 181 181 184 Iowa ............: 220 220 220 220 220 220 220 Kansas ..........: 159 160 160 160 160 161 159 Michigan ........: 423 423 422 422 422 422 424 : Minnesota .......: 452 451 451 451 451 450 453 New Mexico ......: 328 328 327 327 326 325 330 New York ........: 622 622 621 621 623 625 623 Ohio ............: 260 258 255 256 253 253 259 Oregon ..........: 121 122 122 124 125 125 123 Pennsylvania ....: 520 519 517 515 509 505 519 South Dakota ....: 121 121 121 121 122 122 121 Texas ...........: 538 540 540 540 542 544 537 Utah ............: 101 101 100 100 100 100 100 Vermont .........: 127 127 126 126 126 126 127 : Virginia ........: 83 83 81 80 80 79 83 Washington ......: 277 277 277 279 280 280 277 Wisconsin .......: 1,274 1,274 1,273 1,273 1,272 1,271 1,274 : 23-State total ..: 8,748 8,747 8,727 8,726 8,721 8,717 8,748 : United States 1/ : 9,392 9,389 9,368 9,367 9,358 9,353 9,399 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 23-state monthly total. 2/ Average based on monthly totals. Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2017 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : Arizona .........: 2,075 2,000 2,245 2,175 2,185 2,030 California ......: 1,945 1,780 1,995 1,960 2,005 1,880 Colorado ........: 2,145 1,980 2,220 2,150 2,185 2,145 Florida .........: 1,850 1,730 1,925 1,830 1,865 1,725 Idaho ...........: 1,995 1,800 2,025 2,000 2,130 2,090 Illinois ........: 1,765 1,640 1,860 1,810 1,860 1,720 Indiana .........: 1,930 1,765 2,005 1,955 2,055 1,915 Iowa ............: 2,010 1,830 2,045 1,995 2,055 1,975 Kansas ..........: 1,935 1,805 2,030 1,955 1,930 1,865 Michigan ........: 2,190 2,030 2,265 2,225 2,315 2,220 : Minnesota .......: 1,805 1,660 1,855 1,810 1,870 1,805 New Mexico ......: 2,090 1,960 2,220 2,150 2,210 2,095 New York ........: 2,030 1,855 2,060 2,050 2,120 2,015 Ohio ............: 1,815 1,660 1,870 1,850 1,915 1,790 Oregon ..........: 1,685 1,555 1,775 1,725 1,790 1,740 Pennsylvania ....: 1,765 1,635 1,840 1,805 1,840 1,725 South Dakota ....: 1,880 1,715 1,915 1,855 1,915 1,840 Texas ...........: 1,990 1,845 2,100 2,010 2,075 1,975 Utah ............: 1,905 1,730 1,950 1,940 2,020 1,980 Vermont .........: 1,805 1,645 1,820 1,785 1,855 1,775 : Virginia ........: 1,700 1,585 1,795 1,765 1,775 1,625 Washington ......: 1,960 1,795 2,020 1,990 2,080 2,025 Wisconsin .......: 1,980 1,820 2,035 1,985 2,055 1,980 : 23-State total ..: 1,953 1,797 2,016 1,973 2,035 1,940 : United States 1/ : 1,935 1,781 1,997 1,953 2,014 1,920 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December : average :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : : Arizona .........: 1,930 1,845 1,785 1,940 1,935 2,040 24,197 California ......: 1,930 1,870 1,760 1,870 1,825 1,935 22,755 Colorado ........: 2,215 2,210 2,095 2,140 2,110 2,210 25,858 Florida .........: 1,645 1,555 1,400 1,460 1,515 1,675 20,129 Idaho ...........: 2,160 2,155 2,025 2,045 1,955 2,020 24,388 Illinois ........: 1,690 1,675 1,600 1,680 1,670 1,770 20,742 Indiana .........: 1,860 1,860 1,810 1,885 1,830 1,900 22,754 Iowa ............: 2,005 2,010 1,915 1,995 1,950 2,020 23,757 Kansas ..........: 1,920 1,920 1,880 1,935 1,880 1,960 23,020 Michigan ........: 2,255 2,230 2,100 2,185 2,115 2,180 26,302 : Minnesota .......: 1,835 1,830 1,740 1,790 1,725 1,815 21,544 New Mexico ......: 2,125 2,065 1,965 2,000 1,985 2,075 24,960 New York ........: 2,045 2,015 1,925 1,975 1,895 1,955 23,925 Ohio ............: 1,770 1,760 1,680 1,730 1,695 1,755 21,284 Oregon ..........: 1,755 1,735 1,675 1,700 1,620 1,675 20,395 Pennsylvania ....: 1,730 1,710 1,640 1,685 1,645 1,725 20,749 South Dakota ....: 1,905 1,915 1,820 1,870 1,795 1,865 22,376 Texas ...........: 1,990 1,935 1,830 1,860 1,850 1,955 23,406 Utah ............: 2,015 2,010 1,910 1,930 1,880 1,935 23,073 Vermont .........: 1,800 1,775 1,710 1,765 1,705 1,775 21,155 : Virginia ........: 1,605 1,610 1,580 1,630 1,610 1,680 19,954 Washington ......: 2,070 2,050 1,965 1,995 1,900 1,985 23,836 Wisconsin .......: 2,025 2,025 1,930 1,995 1,910 1,990 23,735 : 23-State total ..: 1,969 1,942 1,845 1,910 1,855 1,941 23,176 : United States 1/ : 1,941 1,915 1,819 1,887 1,833 1,918 22,914 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 23-state monthly total. Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2018 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : Arizona .........: 2,095 1,960 2,205 2,135 2,145 2,005 California ......: 2,005 1,860 2,065 1,990 2,035 1,905 Colorado ........: 2,195 1,985 2,230 2,160 2,215 2,160 Florida .........: 1,775 1,700 1,895 1,780 1,830 1,675 Idaho ...........: 2,055 1,875 2,085 2,035 2,170 2,095 Illinois ........: 1,800 1,670 1,875 1,800 1,890 1,720 Indiana .........: 1,930 1,760 1,995 1,950 2,010 1,885 Iowa ............: 2,035 1,860 2,070 2,010 2,060 1,975 Kansas ..........: 1,960 1,820 2,040 1,990 2,050 1,935 Michigan ........: 2,190 2,015 2,260 2,210 2,330 2,240 : Minnesota .......: 1,835 1,670 1,865 1,805 1,895 1,835 New Mexico ......: 2,140 1,975 2,220 2,165 2,190 2,130 New York ........: 1,955 1,805 2,020 1,980 2,100 2,050 Ohio ............: 1,800 1,665 1,875 1,830 1,900 1,800 Oregon ..........: 1,695 1,555 1,750 1,740 1,810 1,750 Pennsylvania ....: 1,760 1,630 1,830 1,775 1,825 1,720 South Dakota ....: 1,855 1,700 1,900 1,855 1,940 1,875 Texas ...........: 1,985 1,845 2,105 2,060 2,120 2,020 Utah ............: 1,930 1,755 1,955 1,945 2,015 1,975 Vermont .........: 1,780 1,625 1,805 1,755 1,845 1,785 : Virginia ........: 1,700 1,570 1,765 1,715 1,760 1,610 Washington ......: 2,020 1,850 2,070 2,030 2,110 2,050 Wisconsin .......: 2,000 1,825 2,045 1,985 2,090 2,030 : 23-State total ..: 1,973 1,817 2,034 1,977 2,053 1,963 : United States 1/ : 1,953 1,799 2,014 1,955 2,030 1,943 :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December : average :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : : Arizona .........: 1,895 1,835 1,795 1,910 1,920 2,060 23,933 California ......: 1,900 1,905 1,860 1,915 1,890 1,970 23,306 Colorado ........: 2,215 2,210 2,115 2,165 2,090 2,195 25,892 Florida .........: 1,580 1,515 1,380 1,440 1,540 1,665 19,842 Idaho ...........: 2,175 2,170 2,045 2,100 1,995 2,060 24,875 Illinois ........: 1,680 1,675 1,570 1,675 1,660 1,770 20,867 Indiana .........: 1,890 1,880 1,770 1,870 1,810 1,890 22,614 Iowa ............: 1,995 1,995 1,920 2,025 1,965 2,035 23,945 Kansas ..........: 1,970 1,970 1,870 1,925 1,890 1,970 23,321 Michigan ........: 2,240 2,240 2,115 2,195 2,120 2,205 26,340 : Minnesota .......: 1,860 1,860 1,770 1,810 1,750 1,850 21,784 New Mexico ......: 2,140 2,100 2,005 2,015 1,950 2,060 25,106 New York ........: 2,065 2,055 1,950 1,995 1,910 1,990 23,888 Ohio ............: 1,795 1,790 1,680 1,750 1,710 1,780 21,359 Oregon ..........: 1,790 1,760 1,690 1,725 1,655 1,735 20,577 Pennsylvania ....: 1,730 1,700 1,610 1,665 1,610 1,695 20,549 South Dakota ....: 1,900 1,915 1,840 1,885 1,820 1,900 22,355 Texas ...........: 2,050 2,035 1,925 1,935 1,890 1,985 23,933 Utah ............: 2,000 2,000 1,920 1,935 1,870 1,920 23,220 Vermont .........: 1,770 1,785 1,720 1,760 1,690 1,785 21,102 : Virginia ........: 1,610 1,585 1,520 1,595 1,555 1,620 19,699 Washington ......: 2,095 2,075 1,995 2,045 1,935 2,025 24,318 Wisconsin .......: 2,065 2,060 1,965 1,995 1,925 2,025 24,002 : 23-State total ..: 1,979 1,970 1,883 1,933 1,878 1,966 23,426 : United States 1/ : 1,952 1,943 1,857 1,908 1,854 1,941 23,149 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 23-state monthly total. Milk Production by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2017 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : Arizona .........: 425 410 462 450 457 424 California ......: 3,413 3,124 3,501 3,440 3,515 3,288 Colorado ........: 337 313 353 344 352 347 Florida .........: 226 213 239 227 231 214 Idaho ...........: 1,197 1,073 1,207 1,192 1,278 1,256 Illinois ........: 164 153 173 168 173 160 Indiana .........: 359 328 373 366 386 360 Iowa ............: 432 395 442 433 446 429 Kansas ..........: 292 273 311 297 290 282 Michigan ........: 931 863 963 948 989 948 : Minnesota .......: 830 764 851 831 858 827 New Mexico ......: 679 637 726 705 727 696 New York ........: 1,261 1,154 1,283 1,279 1,323 1,257 Ohio ............: 477 438 494 488 506 473 Oregon ..........: 209 193 220 214 222 216 Pennsylvania ....: 927 858 966 948 966 906 South Dakota ....: 220 201 224 217 224 217 Texas ...........: 995 928 1,065 1,025 1,064 1,017 Utah ............: 175 159 183 182 194 190 Vermont .........: 233 212 235 230 239 229 : Virginia ........: 148 138 156 154 154 141 Washington ......: 539 492 551 543 568 553 Wisconsin .......: 2,534 2,330 2,605 2,539 2,628 2,530 : 23-State total ..: 17,003 15,649 17,583 17,220 17,790 16,960 : United States 1/ : 18,140 16,698 18,758 18,357 18,958 18,073 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December : total 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : : Arizona .........: 403 386 373 409 406 428 5,033 California ......: 3,372 3,265 3,071 3,259 3,181 3,369 39,798 Colorado ........: 361 362 346 355 350 369 4,189 Florida .........: 204 193 172 181 188 208 2,496 Idaho ...........: 1,298 1,299 1,221 1,227 1,173 1,212 14,633 Illinois ........: 157 156 149 156 155 165 1,929 Indiana .........: 348 348 338 352 342 355 4,255 Iowa ............: 435 440 419 437 427 444 5,179 Kansas ..........: 290 292 286 294 288 304 3,499 Michigan ........: 963 954 899 935 905 933 11,231 : Minnesota .......: 840 838 795 818 787 828 9,867 New Mexico ......: 706 684 650 658 655 689 8,212 New York ........: 1,276 1,257 1,201 1,232 1,184 1,222 14,929 Ohio ............: 467 465 444 457 447 463 5,619 Oregon ..........: 218 213 206 209 201 208 2,529 Pennsylvania ....: 908 898 861 885 864 906 10,893 South Dakota ....: 225 226 215 219 210 220 2,618 Texas ...........: 1,025 1,004 955 973 973 1,030 12,054 Utah ............: 195 195 185 187 182 188 2,215 Vermont .........: 232 229 219 226 218 227 2,729 : Virginia ........: 140 140 137 142 140 146 1,736 Washington ......: 569 564 538 547 521 546 6,531 Wisconsin .......: 2,588 2,588 2,465 2,548 2,439 2,539 30,333 : 23-State total ..: 17,220 16,996 16,145 16,706 16,236 16,999 202,507 : United States 1/ : 18,270 18,037 17,131 17,765 17,265 18,075 215,527 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 23-state monthly total. 2/ Total milk production for year. Milk Production by Month - 23 Selected States, 23 State Total, and United States: 2018 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : Arizona .........: 444 416 465 448 446 413 California ......: 3,485 3,233 3,589 3,453 3,531 3,305 Colorado ........: 373 337 386 378 392 382 Florida .........: 220 211 233 217 223 201 Idaho ...........: 1,243 1,138 1,266 1,235 1,324 1,278 Illinois ........: 167 155 174 167 176 160 Indiana .........: 361 327 369 361 370 347 Iowa ............: 448 409 455 442 453 435 Kansas ..........: 306 284 320 312 324 308 Michigan ........: 937 860 961 935 986 948 : Minnesota .......: 835 760 847 819 860 831 New Mexico ......: 715 660 741 723 727 707 New York ........: 1,222 1,128 1,263 1,236 1,310 1,277 Ohio ............: 472 436 491 479 498 468 Oregon ..........: 210 191 212 211 219 212 Pennsylvania ....: 924 856 959 930 954 896 South Dakota ....: 221 202 228 223 235 229 Texas ...........: 1,052 978 1,116 1,098 1,134 1,083 Utah ............: 189 174 194 193 204 199 Vermont .........: 228 208 231 223 234 227 : Virginia ........: 148 137 152 146 148 135 Washington ......: 558 509 569 560 584 568 Wisconsin .......: 2,550 2,327 2,605 2,529 2,663 2,586 : 23-State total ..: 17,308 15,936 17,826 17,318 17,995 17,195 : United States 1/ : 18,437 16,973 18,989 18,412 19,131 18,288 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December : total 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : : Arizona .........: 390 378 370 392 394 422 4,978 California ......: 3,295 3,303 3,222 3,317 3,272 3,408 40,413 Colorado ........: 392 393 376 385 372 391 4,557 Florida .........: 188 180 163 170 182 193 2,381 Idaho ...........: 1,327 1,324 1,247 1,281 1,221 1,265 15,149 Illinois ........: 155 151 138 144 141 150 1,878 Indiana .........: 348 346 322 340 328 342 4,161 Iowa ............: 439 439 422 446 432 448 5,268 Kansas ..........: 313 315 299 308 302 317 3,708 Michigan ........: 948 948 893 926 895 931 11,168 : Minnesota .......: 841 839 798 816 789 833 9,868 New Mexico ......: 702 689 656 659 636 670 8,285 New York ........: 1,284 1,278 1,211 1,239 1,190 1,244 14,882 Ohio ............: 467 462 428 448 433 450 5,532 Oregon ..........: 217 215 206 214 207 217 2,531 Pennsylvania ....: 900 882 832 857 819 856 10,665 South Dakota ....: 230 232 223 228 222 232 2,705 Texas ...........: 1,103 1,099 1,040 1,045 1,024 1,080 12,852 Utah ............: 202 202 192 194 187 192 2,322 Vermont .........: 225 227 217 222 213 225 2,680 : Virginia ........: 134 132 123 128 124 128 1,635 Washington ......: 580 575 553 571 542 567 6,736 Wisconsin .......: 2,631 2,624 2,501 2,540 2,449 2,574 30,579 : 23-State total ..: 17,311 17,233 16,432 16,870 16,374 17,135 204,933 : United States 1/ : 18,329 18,245 17,395 17,873 17,348 18,155 217,575 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 23-state monthly total. 2/ Total milk production for year. Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2017 [May not add due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk production 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 head --------------- -------------- million pounds -------------- : Alabama .......: 6.5 6.5 6.0 6.0 26.0 26.0 19.0 19.0 Alaska ........: 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.7 Arizona .......: 205.0 208.0 209.0 210.0 1,297.0 1,331.0 1,162.0 1,243.0 Arkansas ......: 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 22.0 23.0 17.0 18.0 California ....: 1,755.0 1,752.0 1,746.0 1,742.0 10,038.0 10,243.0 9,708.0 9,809.0 Colorado ......: 158.0 161.0 164.0 166.0 1,003.0 1,043.0 1,069.0 1,074.0 Connecticut ...: 19.0 18.5 19.0 20.0 104.0 106.0 102.0 108.0 Delaware ......: 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 24.8 24.3 21.2 22.5 Florida .......: 123.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 678.0 672.0 569.0 577.0 Georgia .......: 84.0 84.0 84.0 85.0 502.0 488.0 416.0 434.0 : Hawaii ........: 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 9.4 10.7 9.8 9.0 Idaho .........: 597.0 599.0 602.0 600.0 3,477.0 3,726.0 3,818.0 3,612.0 Illinois ......: 93.0 93.0 93.0 93.0 490.0 501.0 462.0 476.0 Indiana .......: 186.0 188.0 187.0 187.0 1,060.0 1,112.0 1,034.0 1,049.0 Iowa ..........: 216.0 217.0 218.0 219.0 1,269.0 1,308.0 1,294.0 1,308.0 Kansas ........: 152.0 151.0 152.0 153.0 876.0 869.0 868.0 886.0 Kentucky ......: 56.0 56.0 55.0 56.0 271.0 277.0 237.0 257.0 Louisiana .....: 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 47.0 44.0 33.0 37.0 Maine .........: 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 155.0 163.0 159.0 153.0 Maryland ......: 47.0 48.0 48.0 47.0 248.0 248.0 227.0 233.0 : Massachusetts .: 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 54.0 55.0 52.0 50.0 Michigan ......: 425.0 427.0 428.0 428.0 2,757.0 2,885.0 2,816.0 2,773.0 Minnesota .....: 460.0 459.0 458.0 456.0 2,445.0 2,516.0 2,473.0 2,433.0 Mississippi ...: 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 40.0 38.0 29.0 30.0 Missouri ......: 85.0 85.0 85.0 84.0 318.0 345.0 286.0 292.0 Montana .......: 13.5 13.5 13.5 13.0 71.0 73.0 73.0 71.0 Nebraska ......: 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 355.0 362.0 361.0 366.0 Nevada ........: 31.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 165.0 181.0 182.0 181.0 New Hampshire .: 13.5 13.5 13.0 12.5 72.0 72.0 65.0 64.0 New Jersey ....: 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 31.0 31.0 28.0 29.0 : New Mexico ....: 326.0 330.0 331.0 330.0 2,042.0 2,128.0 2,040.0 2,002.0 New York ......: 622.0 624.0 624.0 625.0 3,698.0 3,859.0 3,734.0 3,638.0 North Carolina : 45.0 45.0 44.0 45.0 251.0 247.0 220.0 234.0 North Dakota ..: 15.5 16.0 16.0 16.0 83.0 89.0 88.0 85.0 Ohio ..........: 264.0 264.0 264.0 264.0 1,409.0 1,467.0 1,376.0 1,367.0 Oklahoma ......: 38.0 39.0 40.0 41.0 188.0 192.0 170.0 178.0 Oregon ........: 124.0 124.0 123.0 124.0 622.0 652.0 637.0 618.0 Pennsylvania ..: 525.0 525.0 525.0 525.0 2,751.0 2,820.0 2,667.0 2,655.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.2 South Carolina : 15.0 15.0 14.5 15.0 68.0 67.0 54.0 59.0 : South Dakota ..: 117.0 117.0 118.0 117.0 645.0 658.0 666.0 649.0 Tennessee .....: 41.0 40.0 39.0 40.0 184.0 183.0 158.0 168.0 Texas .........: 503.0 513.0 519.0 525.0 2,988.0 3,106.0 2,984.0 2,976.0 Utah ..........: 93.0 95.0 97.0 97.0 517.0 566.0 575.0 557.0 Vermont .......: 129.0 129.0 129.0 128.0 680.0 698.0 680.0 671.0 Virginia ......: 87.0 87.0 87.0 87.0 442.0 449.0 417.0 428.0 Washington ....: 274.0 273.0 275.0 274.0 1,582.0 1,664.0 1,671.0 1,614.0 West Virginia .: 8.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 33.0 34.0 31.0 29.0 Wisconsin .....: 1,280.0 1,279.0 1,278.0 1,277.0 7,469.0 7,697.0 7,641.0 7,526.0 Wyoming .......: 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 34.8 34.8 34.7 33.9 : United States .: 9,381.0 9,408.0 9,416.0 9,419.0 53,596.0 55,388.0 53,438.0 53,105.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quarterly average includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2018 [May not add due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk production 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 head --------------- -------------- million pounds -------------- : Alabama .......: 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 21.0 21.0 15.0 16.0 Alaska ........: 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 Arizona .......: 212.0 208.0 206.0 205.0 1,325.0 1,307.0 1,138.0 1,208.0 Arkansas ......: 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 21.0 21.0 16.0 16.0 California ....: 1,738.0 1,735.0 1,733.0 1,731.0 10,307.0 10,289.0 9,820.0 9,997.0 Colorado ......: 171.0 176.0 178.0 178.0 1,096.0 1,152.0 1,161.0 1,148.0 Connecticut ...: 19.0 19.5 19.5 19.5 108.0 111.0 104.0 104.0 Delaware ......: 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.5 25.2 25.1 21.1 20.1 Florida .......: 124.0 121.0 119.0 117.0 664.0 641.0 531.0 545.0 Georgia .......: 85.0 83.0 80.0 81.0 479.0 454.0 411.0 422.0 : Hawaii ........: 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.7 10.2 10.7 7.8 5.3 Idaho .........: 606.0 609.0 610.0 612.0 3,647.0 3,837.0 3,898.0 3,767.0 Illinois ......: 93.0 93.0 90.0 85.0 496.0 503.0 444.0 435.0 Indiana .......: 186.0 184.0 183.0 181.0 1,057.0 1,078.0 1,016.0 1,010.0 Iowa ..........: 220.0 220.0 220.0 220.0 1,312.0 1,330.0 1,300.0 1,326.0 Kansas ........: 156.0 158.0 160.0 160.0 910.0 944.0 927.0 927.0 Kentucky ......: 57.0 56.0 53.0 53.0 277.0 272.0 227.0 233.0 Louisiana .....: 12.0 11.5 11.0 11.0 46.0 43.0 31.0 32.0 Maine .........: 30.0 30.0 30.0 29.0 151.0 160.0 156.0 151.0 Maryland ......: 46.0 46.0 45.0 44.0 246.0 245.0 219.0 215.0 : Massachusetts .: 11.5 11.5 11.0 10.5 50.0 53.0 51.0 48.0 Michigan ......: 427.0 423.0 423.0 422.0 2,758.0 2,869.0 2,789.0 2,752.0 Minnesota .....: 455.0 454.0 451.0 451.0 2,442.0 2,510.0 2,478.0 2,438.0 Mississippi ...: 9.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 37.0 36.0 28.0 28.0 Missouri ......: 84.0 83.0 82.0 81.0 313.0 335.0 276.0 270.0 Montana .......: 12.5 12.5 12.0 12.0 70.0 70.0 69.0 65.0 Nebraska ......: 60.0 60.0 59.0 59.0 366.0 367.0 353.0 354.0 Nevada ........: 32.0 32.0 32.0 33.0 180.0 186.0 184.0 184.0 New Hampshire .: 12.5 12.5 12.0 12.0 63.0 65.0 61.0 60.0 New Jersey ....: 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.5 30.0 29.0 26.0 25.0 : New Mexico ....: 334.0 333.0 328.0 326.0 2,116.0 2,157.0 2,047.0 1,965.0 New York ......: 625.0 624.0 622.0 623.0 3,613.0 3,823.0 3,773.0 3,673.0 North Carolina : 45.0 44.0 43.0 43.0 249.0 245.0 219.0 224.0 North Dakota ..: 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.0 82.0 85.0 85.0 82.0 Ohio ..........: 262.0 261.0 258.0 254.0 1,399.0 1,445.0 1,357.0 1,331.0 Oklahoma ......: 41.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 190.0 185.0 170.0 180.0 Oregon ........: 123.0 121.0 122.0 125.0 613.0 642.0 638.0 638.0 Pennsylvania ..: 525.0 523.0 519.0 510.0 2,739.0 2,780.0 2,614.0 2,532.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.7 South Carolina : 15.0 14.5 13.5 14.0 68.0 66.0 53.0 55.0 : South Dakota ..: 119.0 121.0 121.0 122.0 651.0 687.0 685.0 682.0 Tennessee .....: 39.0 38.0 36.0 36.0 178.0 170.0 143.0 143.0 Texas .........: 530.0 535.0 539.0 542.0 3,146.0 3,315.0 3,242.0 3,149.0 Utah ..........: 99.0 100.0 101.0 100.0 557.0 596.0 596.0 573.0 Vermont .......: 128.0 127.0 127.0 126.0 667.0 684.0 669.0 660.0 Virginia ......: 87.0 84.0 82.0 80.0 437.0 429.0 389.0 380.0 Washington ....: 275.0 277.0 277.0 280.0 1,636.0 1,712.0 1,708.0 1,680.0 West Virginia .: 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 30.0 29.0 27.0 25.0 Wisconsin .....: 1,275.0 1,274.0 1,274.0 1,272.0 7,482.0 7,778.0 7,756.0 7,563.0 Wyoming .......: 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 34.8 35.8 35.8 35.8 : United States .: 9,435.0 9,418.0 9,383.0 9,359.0 54,399.0 55,831.0 53,969.0 53,376.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quarterly average includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Licensed Dairy Herds - States and United States: 2017 and 2018 -------------------------------------------------- : Licensed dairy herds 1/ :----------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 -------------------------------------------------- : number : Alabama ............: 35 30 Alaska .............: 2 1 Arizona ............: 100 100 Arkansas ...........: 55 50 California .........: 1,390 1,335 Colorado ...........: 120 120 Connecticut ........: 110 110 Delaware ...........: 30 25 Florida ............: 110 95 Georgia ............: 180 160 : Hawaii .............: 2 2 Idaho ..............: 510 480 Illinois ...........: 630 600 Indiana ............: 1,070 965 Iowa ...............: 1,200 1,120 Kansas .............: 290 280 Kentucky ...........: 600 540 Louisiana ..........: 95 90 Maine ..............: 250 230 Maryland ...........: 400 380 : Massachusetts ......: 140 130 Michigan ...........: 1,750 1,520 Minnesota ..........: 3,210 2,980 Mississippi ........: 70 65 Missouri ...........: 1,040 920 Montana ............: 65 60 Nebraska ...........: 155 155 Nevada .............: 20 20 New Hampshire ......: 110 100 New Jersey .........: 55 50 : New Mexico .........: 150 140 New York ...........: 4,470 4,190 North Carolina .....: 190 180 North Dakota .......: 80 80 Ohio ...............: 2,380 2,200 Oklahoma ...........: 160 150 Oregon .............: 230 220 Pennsylvania .......: 6,570 6,200 Rhode Island .......: 10 10 South Carolina .....: 60 50 : South Dakota .......: 225 215 Tennessee ..........: 270 250 Texas ..............: 400 400 Utah ...............: 180 180 Vermont ............: 820 730 Virginia ...........: 585 565 Washington .........: 450 410 West Virginia ......: 75 75 Wisconsin ..........: 9,090 8,500 Wyoming ............: 10 10 : United States ......: 40,199 37,468 -------------------------------------------------- 1/ Average number of dairy farms licensed to sell milk, based on counts collected from State and other regulatory agencies. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Primary data used to determine these estimates were obtained from a sample of producers. Individual States maintain a list of all known milk producers and information on the size of their herd. States use all known sources of producers to ensure that their lists are as complete as possible. Generally, all large producers and a sample of small producers are included in the survey. Questionnaires are mailed to producers near the end of the month to obtain data for the first day of the month. Additional reports are obtained by telephone, as needed, to supplement the mail response. Where feasible, States utilize state and federal administrative data to estimate milk production. This eliminates duplication of data gathering by different government agencies such as Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) Dairy Market News. Indications of milk cow inventory are also obtained in the January Cattle Survey. Estimation Procedures: Regional Field Offices prepare these estimates by using a combination of survey indications, historic trends, and any available administrative data. Individual State estimates are reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Milk production, milk per cow, and number of milk cows are subject to revision the following month after initial publication for monthly States or the following quarter for the quarterly States. Normally, administrative data from Federal Market Orders, State Departments of Agriculture, or other sources are the main basis for revisions. However, administrative data for all States may not be available in time for these revisions. Estimates are again subject to revisions in February each year based on additional administrative data. In the event that additional changes are necessary, a third revision is possible in February the following year. Estimates are again reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions are made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations with dairy animals are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table below. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the 23 State milk production estimates over the past 24 months is 0.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 17.5 billion pounds by more than 0.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.3 percent. Reliability of Monthly Milk Production Estimates [Based on data for the past 24 months] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Months : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent -------- 1,000 ------- ----- number ----- : : Milk production ..............: 0.2 0.3 22 2 67 17 7 : All Milk cows ................: 0.2 0.3 15 2 31 24 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch ......... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 690-8632 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-0585 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 720-4448 Heidi Gleich - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ........ (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs ................. (202) 720-3106 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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