Cattle ISSN: 1948-9099 Released January 29, 2016, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January 1 Cattle Inventory Up 3 Percent All cattle and calves in the United States as of January 1, 2016 totaled 92.0 million head. This is 3 percent above the 89.1 million head on January 1, 2015. All cows and heifers that have calved, at 39.6 million head, are 3 percent above the 38.6 million head on January 1, 2015. Beef cows, at 30.3 million head, are up 4 percent from a year ago. Milk cows, at 9.32 million head, are up slightly from the previous year. All heifers 500 pounds and over as of January 1, 2016 totaled 19.8 million head. This is 3 percent above the 19.3 million head on January 1, 2015. Beef replacement heifers, at 6.29 million head, are up 3 percent from a year ago. Milk replacement heifers, at 4.82 million head, are up 2 percent from the previous year. Other heifers, at 8.71 million head, are 3 percent above a year earlier. All Calves under 500 pounds in the United States as of January 1, 2016 totaled 14.1 million head. This is 4 percent above the 13.5 million head on January 1, 2015. Steers weighing 500 pounds and over totaled 16.3 million head, up 4 percent from one year ago. Bulls weighing 500 pounds and over totaled 2.14 million head, up 2 percent from the previous year. Calf Crop Up 2 Percent The 2015 calf crop in the United States was estimated at 34.3 million head, up 2 percent from last year's calf crop. Calves born during the first half of 2015 were estimated at 24.8 million head. This is up 2 percent from the first half of 2014. The calves born during the second half of 2015 were estimated at 9.50 million head, 28 percent of the total 2015 calf crop. Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in the United States for all feedlots totaled 13.2 million head on January 1, 2016. The inventory is up 1 percent from the January 1, 2015 total of 13.0 million head. Cattle on feed, in feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head, accounted for 80.2 percent of the total cattle on feed on January 1, 2016. This is down 1 percent from the previous year. The combined total of calves under 500 pounds and other heifers and steers over 500 pounds (outside of feedlots) is 25.9 million head. This is 5 percent above one year ago. Revisions All inventory and calf crop estimates for July 1, 2014, January 1, 2015, and July 1, 2015 were reviewed using calf crop, official slaughter, import and export data, and the relationship of new survey information to the prior surveys. Based on these findings July 1, 2014 cattle and calves decreased by 0.6 percent and 2014 calf crop decreased by 1.1 percent. January 1, 2015 cattle and calves decreased by 0.7 percent, cows and heifers that calved decreased by 1.0 percent, and July 1, 2015 cattle and calves decreased by 0.2 percent. State level estimates were reviewed and changes were made to reallocate inventory estimates to the United States total. This report was approved on January 29, 2016. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson James M. Harris Contents Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016.......... 4 Cattle Inventory - United States: January 1................................................ 4 Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016............. 5 Calf Crop - States and United States: 2014 and 2015........................................ 9 Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016........ 10 Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2015 and 2016.. 11 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2014 and 2015............. 11 Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2014 and 2015.......... 11 Statistical Methodology.................................................................... 12 Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates.................................................. 13 Information Contacts....................................................................... 13 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2015 : 2016 :previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 89,143.0 91,988.0 103 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 38,609.0 39,646.2 103 Beef cows .........................: 29,302.1 30,330.8 104 Milk cows .........................: 9,306.9 9,315.4 100 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 19,261.2 19,822.3 103 For beef cow replacement ..........: 6,086.4 6,285.2 103 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 3,712.1 3,924.6 106 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,710.4 4,824.0 102 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 3,051.2 3,116.6 102 Other heifers .....................: 8,464.4 8,713.1 103 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 15,629.5 16,320.4 104 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 2,109.4 2,142.4 102 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 13,533.9 14,056.7 104 : Cattle on feed ......................: 13,025.0 13,177.0 101 : :-------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of : 2014 : 2015 :previous year :-------------------------------------------- Calf crop ...........................: 33,522.0 34,301.7 102 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Replacement heifers expected to calve during the year. Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All cattle and calves : All cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2015 : 2016 :previous year : 2015 : 2016 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 1,200.0 1,250.0 104 660.0 680.0 103 Alaska ........: 10.0 11.0 110 4.6 4.3 93 Arizona .......: 880.0 900.0 102 370.0 375.0 101 Arkansas ......: 1,630.0 1,700.0 104 870.0 900.0 103 California ....: 5,100.0 5,200.0 102 2,370.0 2,400.0 101 Colorado ......: 2,550.0 2,700.0 106 870.0 920.0 106 Connecticut ...: 47.0 49.0 104 24.0 25.0 104 Delaware ......: 17.0 16.0 94 7.5 7.5 100 Florida .......: 1,680.0 1,690.0 101 1,030.0 1,040.0 101 Georgia .......: 1,030.0 1,100.0 107 560.0 590.0 105 : Hawaii ........: 133.0 140.0 105 71.0 75.0 106 Idaho .........: 2,280.0 2,400.0 105 1,040.0 1,100.0 106 Illinois ......: 1,120.0 1,180.0 105 460.0 490.0 107 Indiana .......: 870.0 890.0 102 380.0 380.0 100 Iowa ..........: 3,850.0 3,950.0 103 1,110.0 1,150.0 104 Kansas ........: 5,900.0 6,250.0 106 1,570.0 1,630.0 104 Kentucky ......: 2,050.0 2,170.0 106 1,060.0 1,080.0 102 Louisiana .....: 790.0 780.0 99 480.0 465.0 97 Maine .........: 85.0 81.0 95 41.0 40.0 98 Maryland ......: 185.0 190.0 103 91.0 92.0 101 : Massachusetts .: 38.0 38.0 100 18.0 18.0 100 Michigan ......: 1,120.0 1,150.0 103 510.0 530.0 104 Minnesota .....: 2,320.0 2,420.0 104 800.0 810.0 101 Mississippi ...: 900.0 940.0 104 480.0 510.0 106 Missouri ......: 4,000.0 4,100.0 103 1,940.0 2,000.0 103 Montana .......: 2,500.0 2,650.0 106 1,510.0 1,500.0 99 Nebraska ......: 6,250.0 6,450.0 103 1,810.0 1,910.0 106 Nevada ........: 430.0 435.0 101 240.0 245.0 102 New Hampshire .: 30.0 35.0 117 17.0 18.5 109 New Jersey ....: 28.0 28.0 100 14.5 14.5 100 : New Mexico ....: 1,330.0 1,380.0 104 730.0 740.0 101 New York ......: 1,440.0 1,460.0 101 720.0 730.0 101 North Carolina : 800.0 800.0 100 410.0 410.0 100 North Dakota ..: 1,640.0 1,700.0 104 910.0 920.0 101 Ohio ..........: 1,240.0 1,240.0 100 550.0 550.0 100 Oklahoma ......: 4,550.0 4,850.0 107 1,920.0 1,990.0 104 Oregon ........: 1,300.0 1,320.0 102 650.0 660.0 102 Pennsylvania ..: 1,530.0 1,600.0 105 680.0 710.0 104 Rhode Island ..: 5.0 5.0 100 2.4 2.4 100 South Carolina : 335.0 340.0 101 185.0 190.0 103 : South Dakota ..: 3,700.0 3,950.0 107 1,710.0 1,800.0 105 Tennessee .....: 1,720.0 1,830.0 106 920.0 940.0 102 Texas .........: 11,700.0 11,700.0 100 4,600.0 4,750.0 103 Utah ..........: 780.0 830.0 106 420.0 420.0 100 Vermont .......: 260.0 260.0 100 144.0 144.0 100 Virginia ......: 1,470.0 1,480.0 101 730.0 720.0 99 Washington ....: 1,150.0 1,150.0 100 475.0 500.0 105 West Virginia .: 370.0 390.0 105 194.0 210.0 108 Wisconsin .....: 3,500.0 3,500.0 100 1,550.0 1,550.0 100 Wyoming .......: 1,300.0 1,310.0 101 700.0 710.0 101 : United States .: 89,143.0 91,988.0 103 38,609.0 39,646.2 103 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cows that have calved : Milk cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2015 : 2016 :previous year : 2015 : 2016 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ----- 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 652.0 673.0 103 8.0 7.0 88 Alaska ........: 4.3 4.0 93 0.3 0.3 100 Arizona .......: 175.0 180.0 103 195.0 195.0 100 Arkansas ......: 863.0 893.0 103 7.0 7.0 100 California ....: 590.0 625.0 106 1,780.0 1,775.0 100 Colorado ......: 725.0 772.0 106 145.0 148.0 102 Connecticut ...: 5.0 6.0 120 19.0 19.0 100 Delaware ......: 2.5 2.5 100 5.0 5.0 100 Florida .......: 906.0 915.0 101 124.0 125.0 101 Georgia .......: 479.0 505.0 105 81.0 85.0 105 : Hawaii ........: 68.8 72.8 106 2.2 2.2 100 Idaho .........: 461.0 513.0 111 579.0 587.0 101 Illinois ......: 366.0 396.0 108 94.0 94.0 100 Indiana .......: 199.0 196.0 98 181.0 184.0 102 Iowa ..........: 900.0 940.0 104 210.0 210.0 100 Kansas ........: 1,427.0 1,488.0 104 143.0 142.0 99 Kentucky ......: 997.0 1,021.0 102 63.0 59.0 94 Louisiana .....: 466.0 452.0 97 14.0 13.0 93 Maine .........: 11.0 10.0 91 30.0 30.0 100 Maryland ......: 42.0 43.0 102 49.0 49.0 100 : Massachusetts .: 5.5 6.0 109 12.5 12.0 96 Michigan ......: 107.0 118.0 110 403.0 412.0 102 Minnesota .....: 340.0 350.0 103 460.0 460.0 100 Mississippi ...: 468.0 500.0 107 12.0 10.0 83 Missouri ......: 1,851.0 1,912.0 103 89.0 88.0 99 Montana .......: 1,496.0 1,486.0 99 14.0 14.0 100 Nebraska ......: 1,756.0 1,852.0 105 54.0 58.0 107 Nevada ........: 212.0 217.0 102 28.0 28.0 100 New Hampshire .: 3.0 4.5 150 14.0 14.0 100 New Jersey ....: 7.5 7.5 100 7.0 7.0 100 : New Mexico ....: 407.0 425.0 104 323.0 315.0 98 New York ......: 105.0 110.0 105 615.0 620.0 101 North Carolina : 363.0 363.0 100 47.0 47.0 100 North Dakota ..: 894.0 904.0 101 16.0 16.0 100 Ohio ..........: 282.0 284.0 101 268.0 266.0 99 Oklahoma ......: 1,880.0 1,953.0 104 40.0 37.0 93 Oregon ........: 525.0 534.0 102 125.0 126.0 101 Pennsylvania ..: 150.0 180.0 120 530.0 530.0 100 Rhode Island ..: 1.5 1.5 100 0.9 0.9 100 South Carolina : 170.0 175.0 103 15.0 15.0 100 : South Dakota ..: 1,611.0 1,690.0 105 99.0 110.0 111 Tennessee .....: 873.0 896.0 103 47.0 44.0 94 Texas .........: 4,130.0 4,290.0 104 470.0 460.0 98 Utah ..........: 324.0 325.0 100 96.0 95.0 99 Vermont .......: 12.0 13.0 108 132.0 131.0 99 Virginia ......: 637.0 629.0 99 93.0 91.0 98 Washington ....: 198.0 223.0 113 277.0 277.0 100 West Virginia .: 185.0 201.0 109 9.0 9.0 100 Wisconsin .....: 275.0 270.0 98 1,275.0 1,280.0 100 Wyoming .......: 694.0 704.0 101 6.0 6.0 100 : United States .: 29,302.1 30,330.8 104 9,306.9 9,315.4 100 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Heifers 500 pounds and over :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Beef cow replacement : Milk cow replacement : Other :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 112.0 105.0 3.0 3.0 30.0 37.0 Alaska ........: 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6 Arizona .......: 34.0 39.0 65.0 68.0 21.0 28.0 Arkansas ......: 150.0 182.0 4.0 3.0 51.0 70.0 California ....: 130.0 120.0 770.0 790.0 140.0 130.0 Colorado ......: 170.0 200.0 100.0 105.0 470.0 460.0 Connecticut ...: 2.5 2.5 8.0 8.5 0.5 1.0 Delaware ......: 0.7 0.5 2.5 2.1 0.7 0.4 Florida .......: 130.0 125.0 35.0 40.0 30.0 25.0 Georgia .......: 90.0 105.0 27.0 30.0 30.0 28.0 : Hawaii ........: 11.0 11.5 1.0 1.0 5.0 5.0 Idaho .........: 120.0 140.0 320.0 320.0 170.0 190.0 Illinois ......: 64.0 67.0 52.0 50.0 99.0 98.0 Indiana .......: 50.0 50.0 80.0 80.0 44.0 51.0 Iowa ..........: 180.0 190.0 130.0 120.0 630.0 610.0 Kansas ........: 290.0 280.0 90.0 120.0 1,330.0 1,430.0 Kentucky ......: 140.0 160.0 45.0 50.0 105.0 115.0 Louisiana .....: 74.0 84.0 5.0 5.0 23.0 21.0 Maine .........: 4.5 3.0 16.0 15.0 2.5 3.0 Maryland ......: 9.0 11.0 25.0 28.0 9.0 5.0 : Massachusetts .: 2.0 2.0 7.0 7.0 1.0 1.0 Michigan ......: 23.0 27.0 167.0 172.0 35.0 31.0 Minnesota .....: 90.0 95.0 280.0 300.0 160.0 175.0 Mississippi ...: 97.0 111.0 6.0 6.0 33.0 38.0 Missouri ......: 345.0 350.0 60.0 45.0 225.0 220.0 Montana .......: 435.0 420.0 7.0 8.0 198.0 262.0 Nebraska ......: 420.0 390.0 20.0 30.0 1,280.0 1,370.0 Nevada ........: 37.0 41.0 9.0 9.0 29.0 28.0 New Hampshire .: 1.0 1.0 5.5 6.0 0.5 1.0 New Jersey ....: 1.3 1.3 3.8 3.8 0.9 0.9 : New Mexico ....: 85.0 100.0 110.0 120.0 70.0 80.0 New York ......: 41.0 44.0 350.0 355.0 44.0 41.0 North Carolina : 70.0 65.0 18.0 18.0 27.0 22.0 North Dakota ..: 169.0 178.0 6.0 7.0 185.0 190.0 Ohio ..........: 50.0 55.0 125.0 120.0 50.0 50.0 Oklahoma ......: 420.0 460.0 25.0 25.0 365.0 440.0 Oregon ........: 110.0 110.0 60.0 70.0 105.0 100.0 Pennsylvania ..: 55.0 60.0 305.0 325.0 55.0 55.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 South Carolina : 30.0 30.0 5.0 5.0 12.0 14.0 : South Dakota ..: 405.0 375.0 65.0 50.0 490.0 570.0 Tennessee .....: 140.0 160.0 25.0 27.0 65.0 88.0 Texas .........: 750.0 780.0 250.0 250.0 1,390.0 1,190.0 Utah ..........: 78.0 90.0 48.0 50.0 64.0 70.0 Vermont .......: 4.0 5.0 56.0 55.0 5.0 5.0 Virginia ......: 110.0 95.0 43.0 47.0 42.0 58.0 Washington ....: 54.0 60.0 136.0 130.0 135.0 120.0 West Virginia .: 33.0 35.0 4.0 4.0 20.0 18.0 Wisconsin .....: 75.0 80.0 730.0 735.0 45.0 45.0 Wyoming .......: 193.0 188.0 5.0 5.0 142.0 122.0 : United States .: 6,086.4 6,285.2 4,710.4 4,824.0 8,464.4 8,713.1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers : Bulls : Calves : 500 pounds and over : 500 pounds and over : under 500 pounds State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 : 2015 : 2016 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 50.0 50.0 45.0 50.0 300.0 325.0 Alaska ........: 0.3 0.4 2.4 2.5 1.6 2.2 Arizona .......: 275.0 270.0 20.0 20.0 95.0 100.0 Arkansas ......: 130.0 125.0 55.0 55.0 370.0 365.0 California ....: 550.0 610.0 70.0 70.0 1,070.0 1,080.0 Colorado ......: 780.0 810.0 55.0 55.0 105.0 150.0 Connecticut ...: 2.0 2.0 0.5 0.5 9.5 9.5 Delaware ......: 2.2 2.0 0.4 0.3 3.0 3.2 Florida .......: 25.0 25.0 60.0 55.0 370.0 380.0 Georgia .......: 45.0 37.0 28.0 30.0 250.0 280.0 : Hawaii ........: 9.0 9.5 4.0 4.0 32.0 34.0 Idaho .........: 280.0 290.0 40.0 40.0 310.0 320.0 Illinois ......: 210.0 200.0 25.0 25.0 210.0 250.0 Indiana .......: 116.0 115.0 17.0 18.0 183.0 196.0 Iowa ..........: 1,290.0 1,320.0 60.0 60.0 450.0 500.0 Kansas ........: 1,890.0 2,010.0 95.0 90.0 635.0 690.0 Kentucky ......: 200.0 225.0 65.0 70.0 435.0 470.0 Louisiana .....: 24.0 22.0 30.0 30.0 154.0 153.0 Maine .........: 4.5 3.5 1.5 1.5 15.0 15.0 Maryland ......: 15.0 14.0 4.0 5.0 32.0 35.0 : Massachusetts .: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 7.0 7.0 Michigan ......: 170.0 170.0 15.0 15.0 200.0 205.0 Minnesota .....: 500.0 520.0 35.0 40.0 455.0 480.0 Mississippi ...: 56.0 41.0 38.0 39.0 190.0 195.0 Missouri ......: 400.0 440.0 110.0 115.0 920.0 930.0 Montana .......: 175.0 230.0 100.0 105.0 75.0 125.0 Nebraska ......: 2,330.0 2,340.0 95.0 95.0 295.0 315.0 Nevada ........: 44.0 42.0 12.0 13.0 59.0 57.0 New Hampshire .: 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.5 4.5 6.5 New Jersey ....: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 4.5 4.5 : New Mexico ....: 95.0 120.0 35.0 35.0 205.0 185.0 New York ......: 35.0 33.0 15.0 17.0 235.0 240.0 North Carolina : 36.0 36.0 29.0 29.0 210.0 220.0 North Dakota ..: 215.0 255.0 50.0 60.0 105.0 90.0 Ohio ..........: 195.0 195.0 25.0 25.0 245.0 245.0 Oklahoma ......: 870.0 970.0 140.0 145.0 810.0 820.0 Oregon ........: 165.0 170.0 40.0 40.0 170.0 170.0 Pennsylvania ..: 145.0 135.0 25.0 25.0 265.0 290.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.8 South Carolina : 9.0 12.0 14.0 14.0 80.0 75.0 : South Dakota ..: 680.0 790.0 100.0 95.0 250.0 270.0 Tennessee .....: 120.0 140.0 60.0 60.0 390.0 415.0 Texas .........: 2,520.0 2,550.0 320.0 320.0 1,870.0 1,860.0 Utah ..........: 78.0 90.0 22.0 25.0 70.0 85.0 Vermont .......: 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 44.0 44.0 Virginia ......: 155.0 160.0 40.0 40.0 350.0 360.0 Washington ....: 175.0 170.0 18.0 18.0 157.0 152.0 West Virginia .: 44.0 36.0 13.0 15.0 62.0 72.0 Wisconsin .....: 375.0 380.0 35.0 30.0 690.0 680.0 Wyoming .......: 135.0 145.0 40.0 40.0 85.0 100.0 : United States .: 15,629.5 16,320.4 2,109.4 2,142.4 13,533.9 14,056.7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop - States and United States: 2014 and 2015 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2014 : 2015 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 head -------- percent : Alabama ................................: 560.0 580.0 104 Alaska .................................: 3.3 3.5 106 Arizona ................................: 290.0 295.0 102 Arkansas ...............................: 730.0 760.0 104 California .............................: 1,930.0 1,990.0 103 Colorado ...............................: 750.0 800.0 107 Connecticut ............................: 19.0 19.5 103 Delaware ...............................: 6.0 6.0 100 Florida ................................: 820.0 800.0 98 Georgia ................................: 480.0 500.0 104 : Hawaii .................................: 55.0 60.0 109 Idaho ..................................: 940.0 940.0 100 Illinois ...............................: 400.0 415.0 104 Indiana ................................: 325.0 335.0 103 Iowa ...................................: 1,040.0 1,060.0 102 Kansas .................................: 1,280.0 1,330.0 104 Kentucky ...............................: 940.0 970.0 103 Louisiana ..............................: 355.0 350.0 99 Maine ..................................: 32.0 30.0 94 Maryland ...............................: 70.0 75.0 107 : Massachusetts ..........................: 17.0 17.0 100 Michigan ...............................: 385.0 400.0 104 Minnesota ..............................: 770.0 770.0 100 Mississippi ............................: 375.0 400.0 107 Missouri ...............................: 1,730.0 1,760.0 102 Montana ................................: 1,470.0 1,470.0 100 Nebraska ...............................: 1,580.0 1,660.0 105 Nevada .................................: 190.0 200.0 105 New Hampshire ..........................: 13.5 13.5 100 New Jersey .............................: 9.0 10.0 111 : New Mexico .............................: 550.0 560.0 102 New York ...............................: 500.0 530.0 106 North Carolina .........................: 365.0 360.0 99 North Dakota ...........................: 840.0 830.0 99 Ohio ...................................: 460.0 470.0 102 Oklahoma ...............................: 1,760.0 1,770.0 101 Oregon .................................: 630.0 630.0 100 Pennsylvania ...........................: 520.0 580.0 112 Rhode Island ...........................: 2.2 2.2 100 South Carolina .........................: 155.0 145.0 94 : South Dakota ...........................: 1,610.0 1,660.0 103 Tennessee ..............................: 830.0 860.0 104 Texas ..................................: 3,950.0 4,050.0 103 Utah ...................................: 385.0 390.0 101 Vermont ................................: 105.0 110.0 105 Virginia ...............................: 650.0 660.0 102 Washington .............................: 405.0 425.0 105 West Virginia ..........................: 180.0 190.0 106 Wisconsin ..............................: 1,400.0 1,390.0 99 Wyoming ................................: 660.0 670.0 102 : United States ..........................: 33,522.0 34,301.7 102 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2015 and 2016 [Cattle and calves on feed are steers and heifers being fed a ration of grain, silage, hay, and/or protein supplement for slaughter marget that are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. It excludes cattle being "backgrounded only" for later sale as feeders or late placement in another feedlot. Cattle and calves on feed are included in the cattle inventory estimates by classes] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2015 : 2016 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- 1,000 head -------- percent : Arizona ................................: 252.0 257.0 102 California .............................: 425.0 450.0 106 Colorado ...............................: 930.0 910.0 98 Idaho ..................................: 245.0 250.0 102 Illinois ...............................: 230.0 240.0 104 Indiana ................................: 100.0 115.0 115 Iowa ...................................: 1,220.0 1,230.0 101 Kansas .................................: 2,180.0 2,230.0 102 Kentucky ...............................: 15.0 17.0 113 Maryland ...............................: 10.0 9.0 90 : Michigan ...............................: 160.0 170.0 106 Minnesota ..............................: 385.0 405.0 105 Missouri ...............................: 70.0 100.0 143 Montana ................................: 40.0 70.0 175 Nebraska ...............................: 2,530.0 2,520.0 100 Nevada .................................: 4.0 2.0 50 New York ...............................: 26.0 16.0 62 North Dakota ...........................: 44.0 55.0 125 Ohio ...................................: 170.0 160.0 94 Oklahoma ...............................: 265.0 280.0 106 : Oregon .................................: 85.0 75.0 88 Pennsylvania ...........................: 90.0 85.0 94 South Dakota ...........................: 385.0 435.0 113 Texas ..................................: 2,510.0 2,440.0 97 Utah ...................................: 24.0 27.0 113 Virginia ...............................: 20.0 22.0 110 Washington .............................: 210.0 195.0 93 West Virginia ..........................: 4.0 4.0 100 Wisconsin ..............................: 260.0 275.0 106 Wyoming ................................: 75.0 70.0 93 : Other States 1/ ........................: 61.0 63.0 103 : United States ..........................: 13,025.0 13,177.0 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual state estimates not available for states not shown, but are included in Other States. Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2015 and 2016 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of States : 2015 : 2016 : previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- 1,000 head ----- percent : Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas .......: 1,930.0 1,900.0 98 : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2014 and 2015 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2014 : 2015 : previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 95,700.0 98,200.0 103 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 39,000.0 39,800.0 102 Beef cows .........................: 29,750.0 30,500.0 103 Milk cows .........................: 9,250.0 9,300.0 101 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 15,500.0 15,700.0 101 For beef cow replacement ..........: 4,500.0 4,800.0 107 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,100.0 4,200.0 102 Other heifers .....................: 6,900.0 6,700.0 97 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 13,500.0 14,100.0 104 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 1,900.0 1,900.0 100 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 25,800.0 26,700.0 103 : Calf crop ...........................: 33,522.0 34,301.7 102 : Cattle on feed ......................: 11,900.0 12,100.0 102 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2014 and 2015 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2014 : 2015 :----------------------------------------------------------- Period : : Percent of : : Percent of : Number : total : Number : total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent 1,000 head percent : January 1 - June 30 .: 24,200.0 72.2 24,800.0 72.3 July 1 - December 31 : 9,322.0 27.8 9,501.7 27.7 : Total ...............: 33,522.0 100.0 34,301.7 100.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all cattle producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large producers were sampled more heavily than small operations. Data were collected from about 37,900 operators during the first half of January by mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews and 68 percent of the reports were usable. Regardless of when operators responded, they were asked to report inventories as of January 1. Estimating Procedures: These cattle estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each State office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous year using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds to it estimates of births and imports, and subtracts estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve year to year and item to item relationships. Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when current estimates are made. The reviews are primarily based on livestock slaughter and additional foreign trade and survey data. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all cattle operators are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle inventory estimates over the past 10 years is 0.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 92.0 million head by more than 0.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 1.1 percent. The table on the following page shows a 10 year record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of all cattle and calves as an example, changes between the first inventory estimate and the latest estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 538,000 head, ranging from 230,000 to 796,000 head. During this period the initial inventory estimate has been above the latest estimate 4 times and below the latest estimate 6 times. This does not imply that the January 1 estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates [Based on data for the past ten years] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Years : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent ------ 1,000 head ----- ----- number ---- : All cattle & calves ..........: 0.6 1.1 538 230 796 6 4 : All cows .....................: 0.7 1.3 225 42 505 6 4 : Calf crop ....................: 1.0 1.9 286 44 674 5 5 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ........... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (202) 720-3240 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs .................. (202) 720-3106 David Colwell - Sheep and Goats .............. (202) 720-8784 Donnie Fike - Dairy Products ................. (202) 690-3236 Michael Klamm - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ....... (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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