Cattle ISSN: 1948-9099 Released January 27, 2012, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January 1 Cattle Inventory Down 2 Percent All cattle and calves in the United States as of January 1, 2012 totaled 90.8 million head, 2 percent below the 92.7 million on January 1, 2011. This is the lowest January 1 inventory of all cattle and calves since the 88.1 million on hand in 1952. All cows and heifers that have calved, at 39.1 million, were down 2 percent from the 40.0 million on January 1, 2011. • Beef cows, at 29.9 million, were down 3 percent from January 1, 2011. • Milk cows, at 9.2 million, were up 1 percent from January 1, 2011. Other class estimates on January 1, 2012 and the change from January 1, 2011, are as follows: • All heifers 500 pounds and over, 19.4 million, down 1 percent. • Beef replacement heifers, 5.2 million, up 1 percent. • Milk replacement heifers, 4.5 million, down 1 percent. • Other heifers, 9.6 million, down 2 percent. • Steers weighing 500 pounds and over, 16.1 million, down 2 percent. • Bulls weighing 500 pounds and over, 2.1 million, down 5 percent. • Calves under 500 pounds, 14.1 million, down 3 percent. • Cattle and calves on feed for slaughter in all feedlots, 14.1 million, up 1 percent. • The combined total of calves under 500 pounds, and other heifers and steers over 500 pounds outside of feedlots was 25.7 million, down 4 percent. Calf Crop Down 1 Percent The 2011 calf crop was estimated at 35.3 million head, down 1 percent from 2010. This is the smallest calf crop since the 34.9 million born during 1950. Calves born during the first half of 2011 are estimated at 25.7 million, down 1 percent from 2010. Revisions All inventory and calf crop estimates for July 1, 2010, January 1, 2011, and July 1, 2011 were reviewed using calf crop, official slaughter, import and export data, and the relationship of new survey information to the prior surveys. Based on the findings of this review, small adjustments of less than one-half percent were made to previously released inventory estimates by class and calf crop. State level estimates were reviewed and changes were made to reallocate inventory and calf crop estimates to the United States total. This report was approved on January 27, 2012. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Joseph W. Glauber Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Hubert Hamer Contents Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012........... 4 Cattle Inventory - United States: January 1................................................. 4 Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012.............. 5 Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 (continued).. 6 Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 (continued).. 7 Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 (continued).. 8 Calf Crop - States and United States: 2010 and 2011......................................... 9 Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012......... 10 Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2011 and 2012... 11 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2010 and 2011.............. 11 Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2010 and 2011........... 11 Statistical Methodology..................................................................... 12 Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates................................................... 13 Information Contacts........................................................................ 13 Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2011 : 2012 :previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 92,682.4 90,768.5 98 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 39,999.2 39,112.4 98 Beef cows .........................: 30,849.6 29,882.9 97 Milk cows .........................: 9,149.6 9,229.5 101 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 19,575.8 19,387.8 99 For beef cow replacement ..........: 5,138.6 5,211.6 101 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 3,164.0 3,201.3 101 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,568.2 4,527.0 99 Expected to calve 1/ ............: 3,056.3 3,029.9 99 Other heifers .....................: 9,869.0 9,649.2 98 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 16,397.0 16,071.5 98 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 2,155.1 2,052.0 95 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 14,555.3 14,144.8 97 : Cattle on feed ......................: 14,012.9 14,121.4 101 : :-------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of : 2010 : 2011 :previous year :-------------------------------------------- Calf crop ...........................: 35,694.8 35,313.2 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Replacement heifers expected to calve during the year. Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All cattle and calves : All cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2011 : 2012 :previous year : 2011 : 2012 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ------ 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 1,230.0 1,210.0 98 670.0 660.0 99 Alaska ........: 13.5 13.0 96 5.6 6.0 107 Arizona .......: 870.0 920.0 106 365.0 375.0 103 Arkansas ......: 1,720.0 1,670.0 97 940.0 920.0 98 California ....: 5,200.0 5,350.0 103 2,350.0 2,400.0 102 Colorado ......: 2,650.0 2,750.0 104 850.0 880.0 104 Connecticut ...: 49.0 49.0 100 23.0 23.0 100 Delaware ......: 18.0 19.0 106 8.5 8.5 100 Florida .......: 1,630.0 1,710.0 105 1,040.0 1,060.0 102 Georgia .......: 1,030.0 1,020.0 99 580.0 590.0 102 : Hawaii ........: 141.0 140.0 99 81.0 80.0 99 Idaho .........: 2,220.0 2,220.0 100 1,020.0 1,050.0 103 Illinois ......: 1,100.0 1,070.0 97 450.0 430.0 96 Indiana .......: 850.0 860.0 101 385.0 370.0 96 Iowa ..........: 3,900.0 3,900.0 100 1,050.0 1,100.0 105 Kansas ........: 6,300.0 6,100.0 97 1,600.0 1,550.0 97 Kentucky ......: 2,190.0 2,150.0 98 1,100.0 1,070.0 97 Louisiana .....: 790.0 790.0 100 480.0 470.0 98 Maine .........: 90.0 86.0 96 45.0 42.0 93 Maryland ......: 195.0 200.0 103 95.0 95.0 100 : Massachusetts .: 40.0 41.0 102 19.0 19.0 100 Michigan ......: 1,090.0 1,110.0 102 460.0 480.0 104 Minnesota .....: 2,380.0 2,360.0 99 830.0 830.0 100 Mississippi ...: 900.0 950.0 106 510.0 500.0 98 Missouri ......: 3,950.0 3,900.0 99 1,960.0 1,950.0 99 Montana .......: 2,500.0 2,500.0 100 1,490.0 1,470.0 99 Nebraska ......: 6,200.0 6,450.0 104 1,830.0 1,940.0 106 Nevada ........: 460.0 470.0 102 265.0 265.0 100 New Hampshire .: 34.0 35.0 103 18.0 18.0 100 New Jersey ....: 32.0 31.0 97 16.5 15.5 94 : New Mexico ....: 1,540.0 1,390.0 90 810.0 770.0 95 New York ......: 1,400.0 1,410.0 101 700.0 710.0 101 North Carolina : 800.0 810.0 101 400.0 405.0 101 North Dakota ..: 1,700.0 1,690.0 99 900.0 880.0 98 Ohio ..........: 1,230.0 1,280.0 104 560.0 570.0 102 Oklahoma ......: 5,100.0 4,500.0 88 2,070.0 1,780.0 86 Oregon ........: 1,330.0 1,300.0 98 670.0 670.0 100 Pennsylvania ..: 1,610.0 1,610.0 100 700.0 700.0 100 Rhode Island ..: 4.9 4.5 92 2.6 2.4 92 South Carolina : 385.0 370.0 96 200.0 200.0 100 : South Dakota ..: 3,700.0 3,650.0 99 1,700.0 1,700.0 100 Tennessee .....: 1,990.0 1,970.0 99 1,040.0 1,000.0 96 Texas .........: 13,300.0 11,900.0 89 5,450.0 4,800.0 88 Utah ..........: 800.0 800.0 100 420.0 420.0 100 Vermont .......: 270.0 260.0 96 145.0 143.0 99 Virginia ......: 1,540.0 1,490.0 97 770.0 760.0 99 Washington ....: 1,090.0 1,110.0 102 485.0 480.0 99 West Virginia .: 370.0 390.0 105 210.0 205.0 98 Wisconsin .....: 3,450.0 3,400.0 99 1,530.0 1,530.0 100 Wyoming .......: 1,300.0 1,360.0 105 700.0 720.0 103 : United States .: 92,682.4 90,768.5 98 39,999.2 39,112.4 98 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cows that have calved : Milk cows that have calved :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : Percent of : : : Percent of : 2011 : 2012 :previous year : 2011 : 2012 :previous year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ----- percent ----- 1,000 head ----- percent : Alabama .......: 659.0 650.0 99 11.0 10.0 91 Alaska ........: 5.1 5.5 108 0.5 0.5 100 Arizona .......: 180.0 185.0 103 185.0 190.0 103 Arkansas ......: 928.0 909.0 98 12.0 11.0 92 California ....: 600.0 620.0 103 1,750.0 1,780.0 102 Colorado ......: 727.0 749.0 103 123.0 131.0 107 Connecticut ...: 4.0 4.5 113 19.0 18.5 97 Delaware ......: 3.5 3.5 100 5.0 5.0 100 Florida .......: 926.0 940.0 102 114.0 120.0 105 Georgia .......: 502.0 512.0 102 78.0 78.0 100 : Hawaii ........: 79.0 78.1 99 2.0 1.9 95 Idaho .........: 446.0 469.0 105 574.0 581.0 101 Illinois ......: 352.0 331.0 94 98.0 99.0 101 Indiana .......: 213.0 195.0 92 172.0 175.0 102 Iowa ..........: 840.0 895.0 107 210.0 205.0 98 Kansas ........: 1,478.0 1,427.0 97 122.0 123.0 101 Kentucky ......: 1,023.0 995.0 97 77.0 75.0 97 Louisiana .....: 461.0 452.0 98 19.0 18.0 95 Maine .........: 13.0 10.0 77 32.0 32.0 100 Maryland ......: 42.0 43.0 102 53.0 52.0 98 : Massachusetts .: 5.5 7.0 127 13.5 12.0 89 Michigan ......: 99.0 109.0 110 361.0 371.0 103 Minnesota .....: 360.0 365.0 101 470.0 465.0 99 Mississippi ...: 495.0 486.0 98 15.0 14.0 93 Missouri ......: 1,865.0 1,857.0 100 95.0 93.0 98 Montana .......: 1,476.0 1,456.0 99 14.0 14.0 100 Nebraska ......: 1,772.0 1,884.0 106 58.0 56.0 97 Nevada ........: 237.0 236.0 100 28.0 29.0 104 New Hampshire .: 3.0 4.0 133 15.0 14.0 93 New Jersey ....: 9.0 8.0 89 7.5 7.5 100 : New Mexico ....: 488.0 435.0 89 322.0 335.0 104 New York ......: 90.0 100.0 111 610.0 610.0 100 North Carolina : 356.0 360.0 101 44.0 45.0 102 North Dakota ..: 880.0 862.0 98 20.0 18.0 90 Ohio ..........: 290.0 300.0 103 270.0 270.0 100 Oklahoma ......: 2,016.0 1,728.0 86 54.0 52.0 96 Oregon ........: 549.0 547.0 100 121.0 123.0 102 Pennsylvania ..: 157.0 160.0 102 543.0 540.0 99 Rhode Island ..: 1.5 1.3 87 1.1 1.1 100 South Carolina : 184.0 184.0 100 16.0 16.0 100 : South Dakota ..: 1,610.0 1,610.0 100 90.0 90.0 100 Tennessee .....: 990.0 950.0 96 50.0 50.0 100 Texas .........: 5,025.0 4,365.0 87 425.0 435.0 102 Utah ..........: 333.0 330.0 99 87.0 90.0 103 Vermont .......: 10.0 10.0 100 135.0 133.0 99 Virginia ......: 675.0 664.0 98 95.0 96.0 101 Washington ....: 233.0 217.0 93 252.0 263.0 104 West Virginia .: 200.0 195.0 98 10.0 10.0 100 Wisconsin .....: 265.0 265.0 100 1,265.0 1,265.0 100 Wyoming .......: 694.0 714.0 103 6.0 6.0 100 : United States .: 30,849.6 29,882.9 97 9,149.6 9,229.5 101 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Heifers 500 pounds and over :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Beef cow replacement : Milk cow replacement : Other :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 89.0 95.0 6.0 6.0 40.0 39.0 Alaska ........: 1.7 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 Arizona .......: 25.0 35.0 60.0 65.0 18.0 15.0 Arkansas ......: 136.0 115.0 4.0 5.0 75.0 60.0 California ....: 110.0 110.0 760.0 800.0 220.0 240.0 Colorado ......: 120.0 155.0 75.0 75.0 510.0 520.0 Connecticut ...: 2.0 2.5 9.5 9.5 0.5 0.5 Delaware ......: 0.5 0.7 3.0 3.3 0.7 0.5 Florida .......: 110.0 115.0 30.0 35.0 20.0 30.0 Georgia .......: 66.0 71.0 23.0 31.0 40.0 32.0 : Hawaii ........: 11.0 10.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 6.0 Idaho .........: 95.0 90.0 320.0 280.0 225.0 200.0 Illinois ......: 47.0 56.0 46.0 47.0 117.0 117.0 Indiana .......: 35.0 31.0 62.0 70.0 70.0 59.0 Iowa ..........: 120.0 140.0 130.0 140.0 740.0 640.0 Kansas ........: 245.0 250.0 85.0 85.0 1,600.0 1,550.0 Kentucky ......: 145.0 135.0 50.0 45.0 135.0 145.0 Louisiana .....: 82.0 81.0 5.0 6.0 21.0 24.0 Maine .........: 3.5 3.0 17.0 16.0 2.5 3.0 Maryland ......: 10.0 12.0 28.0 28.0 7.0 8.0 : Massachusetts .: 1.5 3.0 7.5 6.0 1.0 1.0 Michigan ......: 27.0 27.0 148.0 158.0 50.0 45.0 Minnesota .....: 90.0 90.0 290.0 285.0 190.0 185.0 Mississippi ...: 71.0 82.0 7.0 7.0 25.0 36.0 Missouri ......: 300.0 270.0 50.0 40.0 220.0 240.0 Montana .......: 405.0 415.0 7.0 8.0 213.0 217.0 Nebraska ......: 300.0 355.0 20.0 15.0 1,380.0 1,450.0 Nevada ........: 37.0 41.0 10.0 10.0 31.0 37.0 New Hampshire .: 1.0 1.5 7.5 6.5 0.5 0.5 New Jersey ....: 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0 1.5 1.5 : New Mexico ....: 95.0 75.0 140.0 120.0 95.0 90.0 New York ......: 38.0 38.0 330.0 320.0 32.0 42.0 North Carolina : 65.0 65.0 21.0 21.0 29.0 26.0 North Dakota ..: 185.0 183.0 10.0 10.0 225.0 200.0 Ohio ..........: 55.0 55.0 125.0 120.0 65.0 70.0 Oklahoma ......: 355.0 300.0 20.0 20.0 540.0 490.0 Oregon ........: 100.0 110.0 65.0 75.0 125.0 95.0 Pennsylvania ..: 40.0 45.0 310.0 315.0 50.0 55.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 South Carolina : 36.0 36.0 7.0 6.0 14.0 15.0 : South Dakota ..: 280.0 320.0 25.0 35.0 575.0 540.0 Tennessee .....: 150.0 150.0 35.0 30.0 80.0 100.0 Texas .........: 610.0 550.0 230.0 210.0 1,620.0 1,590.0 Utah ..........: 56.0 65.0 42.0 53.0 57.0 47.0 Vermont .......: 4.0 4.0 61.0 54.0 4.0 5.0 Virginia ......: 90.0 95.0 49.0 40.0 61.0 55.0 Washington ....: 53.0 54.0 122.0 120.0 105.0 111.0 West Virginia .: 33.0 36.0 5.0 5.0 18.0 26.0 Wisconsin .....: 65.0 70.0 700.0 680.0 55.0 50.0 Wyoming .......: 140.0 165.0 5.0 5.0 160.0 140.0 : United States .: 5,138.6 5,211.6 4,568.2 4,527.0 9,869.0 9,649.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued Cattle Inventory by Class - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steers : Bulls : Calves : 500 pounds and over : 500 pounds and over : under 500 pounds State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 : 2011 : 2012 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Alabama .......: 50.0 55.0 50.0 45.0 325.0 310.0 Alaska ........: 0.7 0.4 2.1 2.9 3.0 1.8 Arizona .......: 275.0 300.0 17.0 20.0 110.0 110.0 Arkansas ......: 100.0 110.0 60.0 60.0 405.0 400.0 California ....: 590.0 630.0 70.0 70.0 1,100.0 1,100.0 Colorado ......: 910.0 930.0 50.0 50.0 135.0 140.0 Connecticut ...: 2.4 2.4 0.6 0.6 11.0 10.5 Delaware ......: 2.0 2.4 0.3 0.4 3.0 3.2 Florida .......: 20.0 20.0 60.0 60.0 350.0 390.0 Georgia .......: 39.0 34.0 27.0 27.0 255.0 235.0 : Hawaii ........: 8.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 30.0 32.0 Idaho .........: 265.0 310.0 35.0 35.0 260.0 255.0 Illinois ......: 230.0 210.0 25.0 25.0 185.0 185.0 Indiana .......: 101.0 99.0 18.0 21.0 179.0 210.0 Iowa ..........: 1,350.0 1,300.0 60.0 60.0 450.0 520.0 Kansas ........: 1,990.0 1,930.0 90.0 90.0 690.0 645.0 Kentucky ......: 220.0 200.0 70.0 70.0 470.0 485.0 Louisiana .....: 21.0 23.0 30.0 28.0 151.0 158.0 Maine .........: 4.5 5.5 1.5 1.5 16.0 15.0 Maryland ......: 15.0 16.0 4.0 4.0 36.0 37.0 : Massachusetts .: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 8.0 9.0 Michigan ......: 190.0 173.0 15.0 17.0 200.0 210.0 Minnesota .....: 470.0 465.0 35.0 35.0 475.0 470.0 Mississippi ...: 48.0 61.0 39.0 39.0 200.0 225.0 Missouri ......: 390.0 360.0 100.0 100.0 930.0 940.0 Montana .......: 195.0 210.0 90.0 85.0 100.0 95.0 Nebraska ......: 2,320.0 2,280.0 85.0 100.0 265.0 310.0 Nevada ........: 40.0 42.0 15.0 14.0 62.0 61.0 New Hampshire .: 1.0 1.5 0.5 0.5 5.5 6.5 New Jersey ....: 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 5.0 5.0 : New Mexico ....: 125.0 110.0 40.0 35.0 235.0 190.0 New York ......: 37.0 40.0 18.0 15.0 245.0 245.0 North Carolina : 31.0 43.0 34.0 30.0 220.0 220.0 North Dakota ..: 255.0 255.0 55.0 57.0 70.0 105.0 Ohio ..........: 180.0 195.0 25.0 20.0 220.0 250.0 Oklahoma ......: 1,030.0 970.0 135.0 120.0 950.0 820.0 Oregon ........: 160.0 155.0 40.0 40.0 170.0 155.0 Pennsylvania ..: 140.0 145.0 25.0 25.0 345.0 325.0 Rhode Island ..: 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.8 South Carolina : 17.0 11.0 16.0 16.0 95.0 86.0 : South Dakota ..: 750.0 690.0 85.0 90.0 285.0 275.0 Tennessee .....: 130.0 160.0 75.0 70.0 480.0 460.0 Texas .........: 2,710.0 2,500.0 380.0 300.0 2,300.0 1,950.0 Utah ..........: 93.0 90.0 22.0 20.0 110.0 105.0 Vermont .......: 4.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 49.0 47.0 Virginia ......: 160.0 160.0 40.0 40.0 370.0 340.0 Washington ....: 160.0 180.0 20.0 19.0 145.0 146.0 West Virginia .: 33.0 43.0 15.0 14.0 56.0 61.0 Wisconsin .....: 370.0 360.0 30.0 30.0 700.0 680.0 Wyoming .......: 160.0 180.0 40.0 40.0 95.0 110.0 : United States .: 16,397.0 16,071.5 2,155.1 2,052.0 14,555.3 14,144.8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop - States and United States: 2010 and 2011 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2010 : 2011 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- 1,000 head ---------- percent : Alabama .................: 580.0 560.0 97 Alaska ..................: 3.9 4.0 103 Arizona .................: 270.0 290.0 107 Arkansas ................: 800.0 800.0 100 California ..............: 1,980.0 2,030.0 103 Colorado ................: 780.0 800.0 103 Connecticut .............: 21.0 20.0 95 Delaware ................: 6.0 7.0 117 Florida .................: 870.0 890.0 102 Georgia .................: 490.0 470.0 96 : Hawaii ..................: 65.0 65.0 100 Idaho ...................: 990.0 910.0 92 Illinois ................: 410.0 380.0 93 Indiana .................: 340.0 310.0 91 Iowa ....................: 1,010.0 1,050.0 104 Kansas ..................: 1,420.0 1,420.0 100 Kentucky ................: 1,000.0 960.0 96 Louisiana ...............: 360.0 375.0 104 Maine ...................: 35.0 31.0 89 Maryland ................: 78.0 80.0 103 : Massachusetts ...........: 18.0 18.0 100 Michigan ................: 385.0 390.0 101 Minnesota ...............: 800.0 780.0 98 Mississippi .............: 400.0 385.0 96 Missouri ................: 1,850.0 1,820.0 98 Montana .................: 1,490.0 1,470.0 99 Nebraska ................: 1,660.0 1,690.0 102 Nevada ..................: 210.0 215.0 102 New Hampshire ...........: 14.5 15.0 103 New Jersey ..............: 12.0 11.0 92 : New Mexico ..............: 620.0 620.0 100 New York ................: 520.0 530.0 102 North Carolina ..........: 360.0 350.0 97 North Dakota ............: 880.0 860.0 98 Ohio ....................: 450.0 490.0 109 Oklahoma ................: 1,900.0 1,850.0 97 Oregon ..................: 630.0 630.0 100 Pennsylvania ............: 600.0 590.0 98 Rhode Island ............: 2.4 2.2 92 South Carolina ..........: 165.0 160.0 97 : South Dakota ............: 1,650.0 1,620.0 98 Tennessee ...............: 950.0 920.0 97 Texas ...................: 4,800.0 4,650.0 97 Utah ....................: 365.0 365.0 100 Vermont .................: 124.0 115.0 93 Virginia ................: 650.0 640.0 98 Washington ..............: 430.0 430.0 100 West Virginia ...........: 200.0 185.0 93 Wisconsin ...............: 1,390.0 1,380.0 99 Wyoming .................: 660.0 680.0 103 : United States ...........: 35,694.8 35,313.2 99 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Number of Cattle on Feed - States and United States: January 1, 2011 and 2012 [Cattle and calves on feed are animals for slaughter market being fed a ration of grain or other concentrates and are expected to produce a carcass that will grade select or better. Cattle and calves on feed are included in the cattle inventory estimates by classes] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of State : 2011 : 2012 : previous year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----------- 1,000 head ---------- percent : Arizona .................: 258.0 279.0 108 California ..............: 470.0 510.0 109 Colorado ................: 1,100.0 1,170.0 106 Idaho ...................: 250.0 240.0 96 Illinois ................: 160.0 160.0 100 Indiana .................: 129.0 107.0 83 Iowa ....................: 1,380.0 1,300.0 94 Kansas ..................: 2,400.0 2,370.0 99 Kentucky ................: 10.0 10.0 100 Maryland ................: 10.0 10.0 100 : Michigan ................: 170.0 150.0 88 Minnesota ...............: 320.0 310.0 97 Missouri ................: 50.0 55.0 110 Montana .................: 30.0 32.0 107 Nebraska ................: 2,550.0 2,650.0 104 Nevada ..................: 8.0 7.0 88 New York ................: 25.0 25.0 100 North Dakota ............: 60.0 60.0 100 Ohio ....................: 170.0 180.0 106 Oklahoma ................: 380.0 380.0 100 : Oregon ..................: 75.0 70.0 93 Pennsylvania ............: 75.0 75.0 100 South Dakota ............: 400.0 320.0 80 Tennessee ...............: 10.0 9.0 90 Texas ...................: 2,850.0 2,950.0 104 Utah ....................: 25.0 26.0 104 Virginia ................: 20.0 23.0 115 Washington ..............: 215.0 235.0 109 West Virginia ...........: 5.0 5.0 100 Wisconsin ...............: 250.0 240.0 96 : Wyoming .................: 66.0 75.0 114 : Other States 1/ .........: 91.9 88.4 96 : United States ...........: 14,012.9 14,121.4 101 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Individual state estimates not available for states not shown, but are included in Other States. Number of Cattle Grazing on Small Grain Pasture - 3-State Total: January 1, 2011 and 2012 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of States : 2011 : 2012 : previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --- million head -- percent : Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas .......: 1.60 1.59 99 : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cattle Inventory by Class and Calf Crop - United States: July 1, 2010 and 2011 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Percent of Class : 2010 : 2011 : previous year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 head ------ percent : Cattle and calves ...................: 101,100.0 100,000.0 99 : Cows and heifers that have calved ...: 40,900.0 40,600.0 99 Beef cows .........................: 31,750.0 31,400.0 99 Milk cows .........................: 9,150.0 9,200.0 101 : Heifers 500 pounds and over .........: 16,200.0 16,000.0 99 For beef cow replacement ..........: 4,400.0 4,200.0 95 For milk cow replacement ..........: 4,050.0 4,200.0 104 Other heifers .....................: 7,750.0 7,600.0 98 : Steers 500 pounds and over ..........: 14,400.0 14,200.0 99 Bulls 500 pounds and over ...........: 2,100.0 2,000.0 95 Calves under 500 pounds .............: 27,500.0 27,200.0 99 : Calf crop ...........................: 35,694.8 35,313.2 99 : Cattle on feed ......................: 11,900.0 12,200.0 103 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Calf Crop and Percent of Total by Six Month Period - United States: 2010 and 2011 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2010 : 2011 :----------------------------------------------------------- Period : : Percent of : : Percent of : Number : total : Number : total --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head percent 1,000 head percent : January 1 - June 30 .: 25,900.0 72.6 25,700.0 72.8 July 1 - December 31 : 9,794.8 27.4 9,613.2 27.2 : Total ...............: 35,694.8 100.0 35,313.2 100.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: A random sample of United States producers was surveyed to provide data for these estimates. Survey procedures ensured that all cattle producers, regardless of size, had a chance to be included in the survey. Large producers were sampled more heavily than small operations. Data were collected from about 40,000 operators during the first half of January by mail, telephone, and face-to-face personal interviews and 77 percent of the reports were usable. Regardless of when operators responded, they were asked to report inventories as of January 1. Estimating Procedures: These cattle estimates were prepared by the Agricultural Statistics Board after reviewing recommendations and analysis submitted by each State office. National and State survey data were reviewed for reasonableness with each other and with estimates from the previous year using a balance sheet. The balance sheet begins with the previous inventory estimate, adds to it estimates of births and imports, and subtracts estimates of slaughter, exports, and deaths. This indicated ending inventory level is compared to the Agricultural Statistics Board estimate for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Revisions to previous estimates are made to improve year to year and item to item relationships. Estimates for the previous year are subject to revision when current estimates are made. The reviews are primarily based on livestock slaughter and additional foreign trade and survey data. Estimates will also be reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: Since all cattle operators are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table on the following page. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and latest estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for cattle inventory estimates over the past 10 years is 0.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 90.8 million head by more than 0.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.9 percent. The table on the following page shows a 10 year record of the range of differences between first and latest estimates for selected items. Using estimates of all cattle and calves as an example, changes between the first inventory estimate and the latest estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 347,000 head, ranging from 6,000 to 830,000 head. During this period the initial inventory estimate has been above the latest estimate 6 times and below the latest estimate 4 times. This does not imply that the January 1 estimate is likely to understate or overstate final inventory. Reliability of January 1 Cattle Estimates [Based on data for the past ten years] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Years : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Above latest : Below latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent ------ 1,000 head ----- ----- number ---- : All cattle ...................: 0.5 0.9 347 6 830 6 4 : All cows .....................: 0.6 1.1 165 0 505 6 3 : Calf crop ....................: 1.0 1.8 272 10 674 5 5 : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Dan Kerestes, Chief, Livestock Branch ........... (202) 720-3570 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section ........... (202) 690-2424 Travis Averill - Cattle, Cattle on Feed ...... (202) 720-3040 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter ...... (515) 284-4340 Doug Bounds - Hogs and Pigs, Goats ........... (202) 720-3106 Mike Miller - Milk Production and Milk Cows .. (202) 720-3278 Everett Olbert - Dairy Products Prices ....... (202) 720-4751 Lorie Warren - Dairy Products, Sheep ......... (202) 690-3236 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the "Follow NASS" box under "Receive reports by Email," click on "National" or "State" to select the reports you would like to receive. Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling toll-free (800) 999-6779, or (703) 605-6220 if calling from outside the United States or Canada. Accepted methods of payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 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