United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service ISSN: 1949- 0887 Farm Computer Usage and Ownership August 2019 Contents Farm Computer Usage and Ownership Highlights.................................................. 5 Farm Computer Usage - States and United States: 2017 and 2019................................. 6 Use of Internet - States and United States: 2017 and 2019..................................... 8 Internet Access of Reports, Services, and Websites - States and United States: 2017 and 2019.. 9 Conducting Business on the Internet - States and United States: 2017 and 2019................. 10 Primary Method of Internet Access - States and United States: 2017 and 2019................... 11 Number of Farms - States and United States: 2017 and 2018..................................... 13 Statistical Methodology....................................................................... 14 Information Contacts.......................................................................... 14 This page intentionally left blank Farm Computer Usage and Ownership Highlights General computer usage and internet access categories increased from 2017 to 2019 in the United States. Nationally, 75 percent of farms reported having access to the internet, with 73 percent of farms having access to a desktop or laptop computer. Farms that used a desktop or laptop computer to conduct farm business was up 1 percent from 2017. Over half of the farms in the United States used a smart phone or tablet to conduct farm business, compared to 44 percent in 2017. In 2019, 26 percent of farms used satellite and 22 percent of farms used a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) to access the internet. Since 2017, Satellite and DSL continue to be the most popular choices that United States farms use to access the internet. Farm Computer Usage - States and United States: 2017 and 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :----------------------------------------------------------- : With desktop or laptop : That own or lease desktop State : computer access : or laptop computers :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 :----------------------------------------------------------- : (percent) :----------------------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 63 63 59 55 Arizona 1/ .........: 58 58 53 53 Arkansas ...........: 66 70 63 65 California .........: 79 92 72 85 Colorado ...........: 87 87 81 79 Florida ............: 71 82 64 65 Georgia ............: 70 80 57 65 Idaho ..............: 90 90 84 87 Illinois ...........: 80 80 78 75 Indiana ............: 80 78 78 75 : Iowa ...............: 72 76 70 73 Kansas .............: 73 79 70 74 Kentucky ...........: 63 68 60 64 Louisiana ..........: 66 70 61 65 Maryland 2/ ........: 74 79 65 71 Michigan ...........: 77 77 70 67 Minnesota ..........: 77 78 75 75 Mississippi ........: 65 65 59 53 Missouri ...........: 66 66 64 64 Montana ............: 80 80 76 79 : Nebraska ...........: 81 81 79 75 New Hampshire 3/ ...: 83 89 78 84 New Jersey .........: 89 89 80 80 New Mexico .........: 47 47 38 35 New York ...........: 83 83 80 77 North Carolina .....: 71 76 64 69 North Dakota .......: 79 79 76 76 Ohio ...............: 60 62 55 58 Oklahoma ...........: 65 68 56 62 Oregon .............: 83 90 80 79 : Pennsylvania .......: 58 66 56 62 South Carolina .....: 47 58 45 45 South Dakota .......: 76 79 74 78 Tennessee ..........: 63 66 62 61 Texas ..............: 72 74 69 71 Utah ...............: 80 86 73 80 Virginia ...........: 67 67 57 62 Washington .........: 91 91 84 86 West Virginia ......: 64 65 49 58 Wisconsin ..........: 77 77 73 73 Wyoming ............: 88 93 77 85 : United States 4/ ...: 72 73 68 69 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Farm Computer Usage - States and United States: 2017 and 2019 (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Using desktop or laptop : Use smart phone/ : With State : computers for farm business : tablet for farm business : Internet access :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : (percent) :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 35 36 35 44 72 74 Arizona 1/ .........: 34 35 34 34 61 63 Arkansas ...........: 42 47 45 56 65 76 California .........: 61 68 59 66 74 85 Colorado ...........: 70 72 63 65 88 84 Florida ............: 48 48 50 58 75 83 Georgia ............: 36 40 45 55 60 86 Idaho ..............: 48 54 52 61 91 92 Illinois ...........: 60 57 58 56 81 79 Indiana ............: 50 50 45 43 79 79 : Iowa ...............: 54 60 51 60 72 75 Kansas .............: 53 61 54 64 76 82 Kentucky ...........: 39 43 38 50 65 75 Louisiana ..........: 34 42 30 30 69 77 Maryland 2/ ........: 48 48 55 55 70 77 Michigan ...........: 50 52 43 50 81 81 Minnesota ..........: 56 59 49 59 78 82 Mississippi ........: 40 40 41 42 69 69 Missouri ...........: 42 45 37 49 67 70 Montana ............: 58 62 48 54 83 83 : Nebraska ...........: 60 62 57 57 84 84 New Hampshire 3/ ...: 55 64 45 58 83 94 New Jersey .........: 56 56 58 58 91 91 New Mexico .........: 30 30 35 28 51 42 New York ...........: 66 62 56 56 83 81 North Carolina .....: 45 43 39 50 70 76 North Dakota .......: 60 63 61 64 81 82 Ohio ...............: 40 39 36 36 60 63 Oklahoma ...........: 42 41 44 48 73 75 Oregon .............: 61 60 53 63 83 83 : Pennsylvania .......: 40 40 35 39 62 64 South Carolina .....: 27 35 39 39 74 74 South Dakota .......: 62 61 53 65 79 82 Tennessee ..........: 39 39 33 40 65 65 Texas ..............: 39 46 36 47 72 75 Utah ...............: 56 70 52 76 82 92 Virginia ...........: 44 44 38 40 68 70 Washington .........: 53 51 48 52 85 86 West Virginia ......: 32 45 25 35 61 62 Wisconsin ..........: 54 54 38 45 80 82 Wyoming ............: 58 58 44 51 86 88 : United States 4/ ...: 48 49 44 52 73 75 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes Arizona and Nevada. 2/ Includes Delaware and Maryland. 3/ Includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 4/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Use of Internet - States and United States: 2017 and 2019 [Agricultural inputs include seed, fertilizer, chemicals, veterinarian supplies, feed, machinery, replacement parts, farm supplies, office equipment, etc. Agricultural marketing activities include direct sales of commodities, on-line crop and livestock auctions, on-line market advisory services, commodity price tracking, etc.] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :----------------------------------------------- : Purchase agricultural : Conduct agricultural State : inputs : marketing activities : over Internet : over Internet :----------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 :----------------------------------------------- : (percent) :----------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 19 17 10 15 Arizona 1/ .........: 28 26 27 22 Arkansas ...........: 19 25 16 21 California .........: 32 27 22 23 Colorado ...........: 42 40 38 30 Florida ............: 26 29 17 20 Georgia ............: 19 25 12 16 Idaho ..............: 27 29 17 22 Illinois ...........: 24 21 26 25 Indiana ............: 24 19 21 20 : Iowa ...............: 21 25 28 34 Kansas .............: 26 33 17 25 Kentucky ...........: 20 17 17 17 Louisiana ..........: 19 25 10 11 Maryland 2/ ........: 23 36 21 31 Michigan ...........: 26 34 17 25 Minnesota ..........: 23 27 26 31 Mississippi ........: 27 25 12 16 Missouri ...........: 25 21 17 12 Montana ............: 32 29 24 26 : Nebraska ...........: 22 25 22 26 New Hampshire 3/ ...: 42 41 26 33 New Jersey .........: 42 44 27 27 New Mexico .........: 28 16 23 12 New York ...........: 42 42 25 24 North Carolina .....: 16 29 19 19 North Dakota .......: 25 30 29 29 Ohio ...............: 16 16 15 15 Oklahoma ...........: 18 24 16 13 Oregon .............: 30 42 15 29 : Pennsylvania .......: 26 24 18 14 South Carolina .....: 17 15 11 18 South Dakota .......: 23 28 28 26 Tennessee ..........: 21 24 13 19 Texas ..............: 15 15 10 10 Utah ...............: 27 34 29 38 Virginia ...........: 25 20 17 11 Washington .........: 37 31 30 30 West Virginia ......: 23 20 9 17 Wisconsin ..........: 27 23 21 22 Wyoming ............: 32 27 20 30 : United States 4/ ...: 24 24 19 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes Arizona and Nevada. 2/ Includes Delaware and Maryland. 3/ Includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 4/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Internet Access of Reports, Services, and Websites - States and United States: 2017 and 2019 [Reference period for access and usage of USDA reports, research information, and services is the last 12 months prior to June 1 of survey year] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Access USDA/NASS : Access other USDA : Access other federal State : reports : reports/services : government websites : over Internet : over Internet : over Internet :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : (percent) :----------------------------------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 6 6 12 13 8 12 Arizona 1/ .........: 19 10 20 20 35 27 Arkansas ...........: 12 18 20 24 17 24 California .........: 16 17 22 27 35 32 Colorado ...........: 22 15 36 32 33 34 Florida ............: 11 18 17 24 20 31 Georgia ............: 8 8 15 20 15 23 Idaho ..............: 13 19 20 25 18 24 Illinois ...........: 17 18 27 26 18 22 Indiana ............: 13 12 20 23 22 18 : Iowa ...............: 15 17 24 25 17 19 Kansas .............: 12 20 21 29 22 26 Kentucky ...........: 5 10 13 14 12 16 Louisiana ..........: 7 7 10 13 9 14 Maryland 2/ ........: 13 11 24 28 26 26 Michigan ...........: 8 13 14 17 20 24 Minnesota ..........: 11 16 20 25 19 22 Mississippi ........: 8 9 17 18 19 17 Missouri ...........: 11 9 16 14 14 11 Montana ............: 16 17 26 24 29 25 : Nebraska ...........: 15 18 26 30 24 23 New Hampshire 3/ ...: 15 20 28 34 28 30 New Jersey .........: 11 9 21 18 32 33 New Mexico .........: 7 9 10 12 10 10 New York ...........: 13 9 24 16 32 27 North Carolina .....: 11 10 15 20 15 20 North Dakota .......: 21 20 34 34 25 29 Ohio ...............: 7 7 14 14 17 12 Oklahoma ...........: 9 10 21 24 18 15 Oregon .............: 10 19 22 27 23 36 : Pennsylvania .......: 10 10 15 15 20 14 South Carolina .....: 10 10 16 16 9 5 South Dakota .......: 12 15 24 31 21 23 Tennessee ..........: 12 11 17 16 18 20 Texas ..............: 5 6 12 10 17 11 Utah ...............: 24 14 29 30 20 26 Virginia ...........: 6 8 15 15 14 21 Washington .........: 16 13 21 21 37 30 West Virginia ......: 2 7 12 15 9 20 Wisconsin ..........: 12 15 23 22 19 25 Wyoming ............: 17 13 25 16 29 31 : United States 4/ ...: 11 12 19 20 20 21 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes Arizona and Nevada. 2/ Includes Delaware and Maryland. 3/ Includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 4/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Conducting Business on the Internet - States and United States: 2017 and 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Conduct business with : Conduct business with any : Conduct business with any State : any USDA website : other Federal government website : non-agricultural website :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : (percent) :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 6 7 4 4 27 36 Arizona 1/ .........: 23 24 9 4 46 38 Arkansas ...........: 12 14 10 14 33 41 California .........: 10 18 16 18 63 62 Colorado ...........: 12 14 18 18 64 62 Florida ............: 14 11 14 13 56 54 Georgia ............: 7 14 8 16 31 50 Idaho ..............: 9 14 9 15 66 68 Illinois ...........: 10 11 7 7 58 55 Indiana ............: 12 10 10 6 55 47 : Iowa ...............: 12 13 8 9 50 55 Kansas .............: 12 16 13 13 54 61 Kentucky ...........: 7 7 5 7 44 46 Louisiana ..........: 5 10 2 7 31 40 Maryland 2/ ........: 8 14 6 12 48 51 Michigan ...........: 9 14 6 10 51 49 Minnesota ..........: 11 14 10 9 58 62 Mississippi ........: 9 11 5 9 42 34 Missouri ...........: 8 8 8 5 42 50 Montana ............: 10 14 9 12 65 68 : Nebraska ...........: 13 15 8 11 56 57 New Hampshire 3/ ...: 13 16 13 10 66 62 New Jersey .........: 12 7 7 11 72 64 New Mexico .........: 10 6 7 5 30 28 New York ...........: 8 12 16 17 64 60 North Carolina .....: 6 8 4 7 51 59 North Dakota .......: 18 20 12 15 55 61 Ohio ...............: 7 6 8 5 35 39 Oklahoma ...........: 6 6 5 5 37 52 Oregon .............: 15 17 8 12 51 67 : Pennsylvania .......: 11 10 11 7 40 41 South Carolina .....: 4 4 1 3 22 22 South Dakota .......: 10 15 7 12 53 61 Tennessee ..........: 8 10 7 7 45 46 Texas ..............: 6 5 6 3 50 56 Utah ...............: 15 17 14 7 64 68 Virginia ...........: 7 8 7 5 39 44 Washington .........: 14 14 16 11 63 64 West Virginia ......: 4 3 2 5 24 37 Wisconsin ..........: 7 11 7 12 51 59 Wyoming ............: 8 7 11 11 64 68 : United States 4/ ...: 9 11 9 9 50 53 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes Arizona and Nevada. 2/ Includes Delaware and Maryland. 3/ Includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 4/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Primary Method of Internet Access - States and United States: 2017 and 2019 [Primary method of Internet access for those operators who have access to the Internet] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Dialup : DSL : Cable :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : (percent) :----------------------------------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 4 3 20 29 16 14 Arizona 1/ .........: 1 1 15 15 20 22 Arkansas ...........: 3 1 38 20 19 26 California .........: 2 1 21 8 20 20 Colorado ...........: 1 - 19 29 13 16 Florida ............: 4 8 25 12 21 16 Georgia ............: 4 2 46 20 15 45 Idaho ..............: 2 2 32 13 14 16 Illinois ...........: 2 2 27 17 11 18 Indiana ............: 2 2 27 26 11 11 : Iowa ...............: 4 1 23 19 11 10 Kansas .............: 2 1 24 27 10 6 Kentucky ...........: 4 3 26 20 18 17 Louisiana ..........: 3 1 30 25 18 8 Maryland 2/ ........: 2 1 12 21 26 19 Michigan ...........: 1 1 22 14 22 20 Minnesota ..........: 2 2 25 23 7 4 Mississippi ........: 3 1 26 25 8 17 Missouri ...........: 2 3 28 25 7 6 Montana ............: 2 2 33 16 7 6 : Nebraska ...........: 2 3 32 20 6 8 New Hampshire 3/ ...: 3 1 38 34 46 42 New Jersey .........: 1 - 25 30 43 31 New Mexico .........: 2 - 34 27 11 12 New York ...........: 2 1 30 25 34 28 North Carolina .....: 3 2 30 33 26 18 North Dakota .......: 3 2 17 9 5 7 Ohio ...............: 5 1 25 37 17 15 Oklahoma ...........: 4 2 22 20 9 14 Oregon .............: 4 3 28 21 25 26 : Pennsylvania .......: 4 1 35 39 28 30 South Carolina .....: 5 4 20 19 29 29 South Dakota .......: 3 1 18 13 15 10 Tennessee ..........: 2 3 29 18 16 27 Texas ..............: 4 3 29 23 15 10 Utah ...............: 1 2 30 22 29 24 Virginia ...........: 1 2 42 24 8 15 Washington .........: 5 1 34 22 20 19 West Virginia ......: 1 - 49 60 14 7 Wisconsin ..........: 2 2 39 32 11 8 Wyoming ............: 5 1 19 34 4 4 : United States 4/ ...: 3 3 28 22 16 16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Primary Method of Internet Access - States and United States: 2017 and 2019 (continued) [Primary method of Internet access for those operators who have access to the Internet] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Fiber optic : Mobile : Satellite : Other/unknown :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 : 2017 : 2019 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : (percent) :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 9 6 7 26 44 22 - - Arizona 1/ .........: 14 12 16 24 33 25 1 1 Arkansas ...........: 3 13 23 27 14 13 - - California .........: 1 1 19 14 29 47 8 9 Colorado ...........: 14 8 13 13 39 29 1 5 Florida ............: 3 7 16 34 31 23 - - Georgia ............: 3 3 11 11 20 18 1 1 Idaho ..............: 7 9 11 16 31 39 3 5 Illinois ...........: 6 12 18 16 32 32 4 3 Indiana ............: 12 13 22 22 24 24 2 2 : Iowa ...............: 17 19 22 22 20 25 3 4 Kansas .............: 10 19 19 22 32 19 3 6 Kentucky ...........: 11 15 23 23 16 21 2 1 Louisiana ..........: 1 1 25 52 18 12 5 1 Maryland 2/ ........: 9 9 18 22 25 25 8 3 Michigan ...........: 3 4 24 37 23 23 5 1 Minnesota ..........: 23 21 19 23 20 23 4 4 Mississippi ........: 7 6 33 33 22 14 1 4 Missouri ...........: 11 17 17 23 32 23 3 3 Montana ............: 22 39 15 11 15 20 6 6 : Nebraska ...........: 11 18 21 20 17 27 11 4 New Hampshire 3/ ...: 6 7 4 4 2 10 1 2 New Jersey .........: 8 8 12 20 2 9 9 2 New Mexico .........: 4 10 28 33 13 18 8 - New York ...........: 2 2 18 21 8 21 6 2 North Carolina .....: 4 6 20 23 15 15 2 3 North Dakota .......: 53 61 11 10 8 7 3 4 Ohio ...............: 4 4 12 12 29 29 8 2 Oklahoma ...........: 4 10 27 23 30 30 4 1 Oregon .............: 4 6 13 15 20 22 6 7 : Pennsylvania .......: 3 3 20 20 5 5 5 2 South Carolina .....: 4 4 27 15 14 28 1 1 South Dakota .......: 27 36 16 15 17 20 4 5 Tennessee ..........: 12 8 20 27 17 16 4 1 Texas ..............: 5 10 18 17 27 34 2 3 Utah ...............: 7 13 7 11 23 23 3 5 Virginia ...........: 5 11 21 21 19 24 4 3 Washington .........: 4 7 12 14 21 33 4 4 West Virginia ......: 7 6 13 11 16 16 - - Wisconsin ..........: 6 9 24 25 16 23 2 1 Wyoming ............: 13 17 23 16 30 26 6 2 : United States 4/ ...: 9 12 19 18 23 26 2 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. 1/ Includes Arizona and Nevada. 2/ Includes Delaware and Maryland. 3/ Includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 4/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Farm Numbers To help equate the percentages published in this report to actual farm counts, a table showing "Number of Farms by States and United States" from the February 2018 NASS publication Farms, Land in Farms is included below. A farm is "any place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the year." Number of Farms by States and United States: 2017 and 2018 [2019 number of farms not available until February 2020] ---------------------------------------------------------------- : Farms :------------------------------------------- State : 2017 : 2018 :------------------------------------------- : (number) :------------------------------------------- Alabama ............: 40,600 39,700 Arizona ............: 19,100 19,200 Arkansas ...........: 42,600 42,500 California .........: 70,500 69,400 Colorado ...........: 38,900 38,900 Delaware ...........: 2,300 2,300 Florida ............: 47,600 47,500 Georgia ............: 42,400 41,600 Idaho ..............: 25,000 24,800 Illinois ...........: 72,700 72,000 : Indiana ............: 56,600 56,100 Iowa ...............: 86,100 86,000 Kansas .............: 58,600 58,900 Kentucky ...........: 76,000 75,100 Louisiana ..........: 27,400 27,400 Maryland ...........: 12,400 12,400 Michigan ...........: 47,600 47,000 Minnesota ..........: 68,800 68,500 Mississippi ........: 35,000 34,700 Missouri ...........: 95,300 95,000 : Montana ............: 27,000 26,900 Nebraska ...........: 46,300 45,900 Nevada .............: 3,400 3,400 New Hampshire 1/ ...: 32,300 32,300 New Jersey .........: 9,900 9,900 New Mexico .........: 25,000 24,700 New York ...........: 33,400 33,400 North Carolina .....: 46,400 46,400 North Dakota .......: 26,400 26,100 Ohio ...............: 77,800 77,800 : Oklahoma ...........: 78,500 77,300 Oregon .............: 37,600 37,200 Pennsylvania .......: 53,200 53,000 South Carolina .....: 24,800 24,600 South Dakota .......: 30,000 29,600 Tennessee ..........: 70,000 70,000 Texas ..............: 248,500 247,000 Utah ...............: 18,400 18,100 Virginia ...........: 43,200 42,500 Washington .........: 35,800 35,700 : West Virginia ......: 23,600 23,400 Wisconsin ..........: 64,800 64,800 Wyoming ............: 11,900 11,900 : United States 2/ ...: 2,033,700 2,020,900 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont. 2/ Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: The June Agricultural Survey is conducted every year to provide estimates of farm numbers and land in farms, crop acres planted, grains and oilseeds in storage, livestock inventories, and land values. In the odd-numbered years from 1997 through 2019, questions were added to the survey form that asked the operator about access and use of computers. Some states were combined due to their low number of responses. When this occurs, it is footnoted in the tables. Estimates are revised periodically to provide a better foundation for current and future estimates. Revisions are made when sufficient data become available to check the accuracy of the original estimates. Estimating Procedures: The computer use data are separated from the June Area dataset and summarized. Since all States conduct identical surveys, the State data can be pooled and national survey results computed. The summary results provide point estimates and their standard errors for each data series being estimated. Once editing is complete, the data are summarized. Survey results are reviewed and State and National estimates are established. Survey results are delivered to a subject matter specialist for review and acceptance. All review is performed in NASS's Washington, D.C. Headquarters. Current results are reviewed, in tabular form, against the historical data series for consistency and reasonableness. Revision Policy: For non-census years, computer use values are subject to a biennial revision. After the 5-year Census of Agriculture is completed, computer use estimates are subject to revisions. Reliability: The 2019 computer usage estimates are based on responses from more than 20,000 agricultural operations, and represent all sizes and types of farms. Coefficients of variations (CVs) at the national level in 2019 were 13.5 percent or less. Published Estimates: The Farm Computer Usage and Ownership State and National estimates are published in August in odd numbered years. While the June Area Survey is the primary source of data for the estimates, supplemental survey data and potential previous revisions are also considered, as described in the more detailed NASS Computer Use Methodology and Quality Measures publication. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov. Jody McDaniel, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.. (202) 720-6146 Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................... (202) 720-4447 Eric Barnes - Cash Receipts, Farm Computer Use, Land Values........... (202) 690-3225 Stephanie Brennan - Farm Production Expenditures...................... (202) 690-0392 Kuan Chen - Prices, Prices Indexes, Parity Prices..................... (202) 690-3347 Ryan Cowen - Cash Rents, Farms, Land in Farms, Grazing Fees........... (202) 720-2250 Doug Farmer - Chemical Use............................................ (202) 690-3229 Stephen Habets - Prices, Prices Indexes, Parity Prices................ (202) 720-9168 Michael Mathison - Farm Production Expenditures....................... (202) 720-3243 John Stephens - Prices, Prices Indexes, Parity Prices................. (202) 720-8844 Theresa Varner - Farm Labor........................................... (202) 690-3231 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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