Flour Milling Products ISSN: 2378-2498 Released May 1, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Highlights First Quarter 2024, January through March, contained 91 days. Fourth Quarter 2024, October through December, contained 92 days. First Quarter 2025, January through March, contained 90 days. All wheat ground for flour during the first quarter 2025 was 230 million bushels, down 1 percent from the fourth quarter 2024 grind of 231 million bushels but up 1 percent from the first quarter 2024 grind of 227 million bushels. First quarter 2025 total flour production was 106 million hundredweight, down 1 percent from the fourth quarter 2024 but up 1 percent from the first quarter 2024. Whole wheat flour production, at 4.49 million hundredweight during the first quarter 2025, accounted for 4 percent of the total flour production. Millfeed production from wheat in the first quarter 2025 was 1.62 million tons. The daily 24-hour milling capacity of wheat flour during the first quarter 2025 was 1.60 million hundredweight. Durum wheat ground for flour and semolina production during the first quarter of 2025 totaled 17.4 million bushels, up 2 percent from the fourth quarter 2024 and up 4 percent from the first quarter 2024. First quarter 2025 durum flour and semolina production was 8.37 million hundredweight, up 1 percent from the fourth quarter 2024 and up 4 percent from the first quarter 2024. Whole wheat durum flour and semolina production was 89,000 hundredweight, up 27 percent from 70,000 hundredweight in the fourth quarter 2024 and up 65 percent from 54,000 hundredweight from the first quarter 2024. First quarter durum wheat millfeed production was 109,323 tons and the daily 24- hour milling capacity for durum and semolina production was 134,730 hundredweight. Rye ground for flour during the first quarter of 2025 was 341,000 bushels, up 3 percent from the fourth quarter 2024 but down 10 percent from the first quarter 2024. Rye flour production during the first quarter of 2025 was 153,000 hundredweight, compared to 152,000 hundredweight in the previous quarter and 175,000 hundredweight in the same quarter for the previous year. The daily 24-hour milling capacity for rye milling was 9,655 hundredweight for the first quarter 2025. All Wheat Ground, Flour Production, and Capacity - Regions and United States: January 2025 - March 2025 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : Wheat ground for : Wheat flour : Daily (24-hour) : flour : production : capacity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels 1,000 cwt cwt : California : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 16,093 7,448 109,600 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 16,190 7,602 109,600 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 16,521 7,737 109,600 : Colorado and Oklahoma : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 8,003 3,883 55,780 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 8,463 4,107 55,780 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 8,123 3,932 55,780 : Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 9,692 4,558 62,000 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 9,339 4,405 62,000 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 9,529 4,468 62,000 : Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, and Washington : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 15,971 7,557 119,387 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 17,156 8,010 119,387 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 16,253 7,614 119,387 : Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 24,831 11,700 163,252 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 24,480 11,395 163,252 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 25,097 11,644 163,252 : Iowa and Nebraska : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 6,705 3,109 50,850 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 6,889 3,223 51,125 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 7,383 3,407 51,125 : Kansas : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 16,249 7,525 111,800 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 17,169 7,997 111,800 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 15,810 7,394 111,800 : Kentucky and Tennessee : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 8,739 4,084 59,000 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 8,654 3,940 59,000 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 8,951 4,063 59,000 : Maryland and Virginia : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 6,012 2,716 48,500 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 5,846 2,655 48,500 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 5,447 2,485 48,500 : Michigan : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 5,829 2,672 47,700 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 6,670 3,048 47,700 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 6,496 2,962 47,700 : Minnesota : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 10,615 4,952 80,120 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 10,726 4,990 80,120 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 10,181 4,648 80,120 : Missouri : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 13,205 6,176 92,800 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 13,449 6,190 92,800 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 14,862 6,881 92,800 : New Jersey and New York : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 13,467 6,260 101,450 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 13,215 6,176 97,350 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 13,524 6,223 97,350 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --continued All Wheat Ground, Flour Production, and Capacity - Regions and United States: January 2025 - March 2025 with Comparisons (continued) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : Wheat ground for : Wheat flour : Daily (24-hour) : flour : production : capacity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels 1,000 cwt cwt : North Carolina : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 8,041 3,665 67,796 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 7,943 3,614 67,796 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 7,938 3,605 67,796 : North Dakota : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 15,404 7,240 104,000 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 16,512 7,632 106,000 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 16,263 7,499 106,000 : Ohio : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 12,492 5,593 89,600 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 12,622 5,737 89,600 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 12,588 5,663 89,600 : Pennsylvania : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 10,990 5,113 80,000 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 11,366 5,354 80,500 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 11,445 5,324 80,500 : Texas : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 13,137 6,094 86,000 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 13,453 6,272 86,000 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 12,955 6,001 86,000 : Other States 1/ : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 11,070 5,187 78,407 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 10,644 4,984 72,907 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 10,253 4,817 72,907 : United States : January 2024 - March 2024.......................: 226,545 105,532 1,608,042 October 2024 - December 2024....................: 230,786 107,331 1,601,217 January 2025 - March 2025.......................: 229,619 106,367 1,601,217 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Hawaii, Massachusetts, Maine, and Louisiana combined to avoid disclosing individual operations. Flour Milling Production, and Capacity - United States: January 2025 - March 2025 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : January - March 2024 :October - December 2024 : January - March 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All wheat : Wheat ground for flour ............1,000 bushels: 226,545 230,786 229,619 Flour production ......................1,000 cwt: 105,532 107,331 106,367 Whole wheat flour production.........1,000 cwt: 4,686 4,548 4,494 Millfeed production.........................tons: 1,606,401 1,636,755 1,622,135 Daily 24-hour capacity.......................cwt: 1,608,042 1,601,217 1,601,217 : Wheat, excluding durum : Wheat ground for flour.............1,000 bushels: 209,854 213,698 212,233 Flour production.......................1,000 cwt: 97,494 99,081 97,994 Whole wheat production...............1,000 cwt: 4,632 4,478 4,405 Millfeed production.........................tons: 1,500,759 1,528,701 1,512,812 Daily 24-hour capacity.......................cwt: 1,473,312 1,466,487 1,466,487 : Wheat, durum : Wheat ground for flour and semolina1,000 bushels: 16,691 17,088 17,386 Durum flour and semolina production....1,000 cwt: 8,038 8,250 8,373 Whole wheat durum flour : and semolina production............1,000 cwt: 54 70 89 Millfeed production.........................tons: 105,642 108,054 109,323 Daily 24-hour capacity.......................cwt: 134,730 134,730 134,730 : Rye : Rye ground for flour...............1,000 bushels: 377 332 341 Flour production.......................1,000 cwt: 175 152 153 Millfeed production.........................tons: 621 560 571 Daily 24-hour capacity.......................cwt: 9,655 9,655 9,655 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Flour Milling Products is part of the Current Agricultural Industrial Reports (CAIR) program. CAIR reports are administered under NASS's Census of Agriculture program. Response to CAIR surveys are required by law (Title 7, U.S. Code). Data are collected from all known mills that produce wheat or rye flour. The census universe was determined during operation profile interviews which were completed for each potential facility to identify the presence of wheat or rye flour production in 2014. The operation profile also documented the manner in which the firm will report. A firm headquarters can report for all milling locations or each location can report separately. In the Flour Milling Products survey questionnaires, mills are asked for previous quarter data on wheat and rye ground for flour, and production of flour, whole wheat flour, and millfeed. Quarters are based on a calendar year with the following definitions: first quarter - January through March; second quarter - April through June; third quarter - July through September; fourth quarter - October through December. Mills are mailed questionnaires with the options of completing the survey by mail or by Electronic Data Reporting (EDR). For surveys not received in a reasonable amount of time, telephone follow-up is conducted. Estimating Procedures: Imputation is done for operations with non-response by using historical data and current data relationships. Data for reporting firms are added to estimates for non-reporting firms to obtain National or Regional totals. Revision Policy: Data are revised the following quarter based on late reports or corrected data. Final figures are published in the annual summary of the following year. Reliability: Approximately 165 reports are received each month which represent about 99 percent of total capacity. Quarterly data can vary due to different firms reporting quarter to quarter. Survey data are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions and mistakes in reporting and in processing the data. While these errors cannot be measured directly, they are minimized by carefully reviewing all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Anthony Prillaman, Acting Chief, Crops Branch........................................... (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section............................................... (202) 720-2127 Irwin Anolik - Crop Progress and Condition, Flaxseed, Mustardseed.................. (202) 720-7621 Joshua Bates - Hemp, Oats, Soybeans................................................ (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Barley, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings, Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products......................................... (202) 690-1042 Michelle Harder - Hay, Peanuts..................................................... (202) 690-8533 James Johanson - Rye, Wheat........................................................ (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Proso Millet, Rice............................................ (202) 720-9526 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum.................................... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower............................ (202) 720-7369 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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