Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released October 30, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). September Prices Received Index Up 0.9 Percent The September Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 89.0, increased 0.9 percent from August and 1.1 percent from September 2019. At 93.7, the Crop Production Index was up 1.3 percent from last month and 5.9 percent from September 2019. The Livestock Production Index, at 84.1, increased 0.2 percent from August, but decreased 3.7 percent from September 2019. Producers received higher prices during September for lettuce, hogs, corn, and soybeans but lower prices for milk, broilers, potatoes, and hay. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the volume change of commodities producers market. In September, there was increased monthly movement for soybeans, corn, apples, and dry beans and decreased marketing of cattle, wheat, cotton, and strawberries. September Prices Paid Index Up 0.4 Percent The September Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 110.3, is up 0.4 percent from August 2020 and 0.6 percent from September 2019. Higher prices in September for feeder pigs, feed grains, complete feeds, and supplements more than offset lower prices for hay and forages, feeder cattle, other services, and LP gas. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : September : August : September Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 88.0 88.2 89.0 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 109.6 109.9 110.3 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 80 80 81 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................... 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.......................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons..................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020............... 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020................... 6 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.................. 7 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons................ 8 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons............ 9 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons................. 9 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.................... 10 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons................. 10 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.................. 11 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons................. 11 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons......................... 11 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons................... 12 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons............... 12 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.................. 12 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons................ 13 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons......................... 13 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons..................... 14 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.................... 14 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons....................... 15 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons..................... 15 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons........... 15 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.................... 15 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 16 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 16 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.................. 17 Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: September 2020............... 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: September 2019............................. 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: August 2020................................ 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: September 2020............................. 18 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons..................... 19 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: October 2020 with Comparisons...................... 19 Parity Price Overview........................................................................................ 20 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 21 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons..................................... 22 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons (continued)......................... 23 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities..................................................................... 24 All Rice Prices Received and Marketing Percentages by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020......................................................................................... 24 Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Marketing Percentages by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020............................................................................... 24 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Marketing Percentages by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020......................................................................... 25 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2018-2019 through 2019-2020............................................................................... 25 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates..................................................................... 26 Prices Paid by Farmers....................................................................................... 27 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons............... 28 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons........................................................................... 29 Feed Price Ratios - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons........................................... 30 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons......... 30 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons............................ 30 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates......................................................................... 31 Information Contacts......................................................................................... 32 September Prices Received by Farmers Crop production: The September index, at 93.7, is 1.3 percent higher than August and 5.9 percent higher than September 2019. The grain and oilseed, vegetable and melon, and other crop index increases more than offset the fruit and tree nut index decreases. Grain and oilseed: The September index, at 66.1, is up 7.1 percent from August and 1.4 percent from September 2019. The feed grain, food grain, and oilseed indexes all increased. Feed grain: The September index, at 57.9, increased 7.0 percent from last month but decreased 9.2 percent from September 2019. The corn price, at $3.41 per bushel, is up 29 cents from last month but down 39 cents from September 2019. Food grain: At 72.6, the index for September increased 7.1 percent from the previous month and 12 percent from September 2019. The September price for all wheat, at $4.73 per bushel, is 18 cents higher than August and 47 cents higher than September 2019. The September price for rice, at $13.50 per cwt, is $1.90 lower than August but $1.20 higher than September 2019. Oilseed: At 74.1, the index for September increased 5.1 percent from August and 11 percent from September 2019. The soybean price, at $9.24 per bushel, is 58 cents higher than August and 89 cents higher than September 2019. Fruit and tree nut: The September index, at 141.9, is down 2.3 percent from August but up 10 percent from September 2019. Price decreases during September for grapefruit, pears, and grapes more than offset price increases for strawberries, lemons, and apples. Vegetable and melon: At 131.2, the index for September increased 12 percent from the previous month and 33 percent from September 2019. Price increases during September for broccoli, lettuce, and sweet corn more than offset price declines for potatoes, onions, and celery. Other crop: The September index, at 93.5, is up 6.0 percent from the previous month but down 0.6 percent from September 2019. At 59.3 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 2.0 cents higher than August but 0.1 cent lower than September 2019. The all hay price, at $155.00 per ton, is $6.00 lower than August and $5.00 lower than September 2019. Livestock production: The index for September, at 84.1, increased 0.2 percent from the previous month but decreased 3.7 percent from September 2019. Meat animal index increases more than offset dairy and poultry and egg index decreases. Meat animal: At 87.8, the September index increased 3.1 percent from the previous month and 2.1 percent from a year earlier. At $49.70 per cwt, the September hog price is $6.80 higher than August and $2.00 higher than September 2019. The September beef cattle price of $104.00 per cwt is $1.00 higher than both the previous month and September 2019. Dairy: The index for September, at 89.1, is down 4.7 percent from the previous month and 7.2 percent from September 2019. The September all milk price of $17.90 per cwt is 90 cents lower than August and $1.40 lower than September 2019. Poultry and egg: At 73.6, the September index decreased 1.5 percent from August and 11 percent from September 2019. The September broiler price, at 29.1 cents per pound, is 1.9 cents lower than August and 10.0 cents lower than September 2019. The September market egg price, at 55.5 cents per dozen, is 6.5 cents higher than August and 13.0 cents higher than September 2019. At 77.6 cents per pound, the September turkey price is 4.1 cents higher than the previous month and 15.4 cents higher than September 2019. Food Commodities: The index, at 92.5, increased 0.7 percent from the previous month and increased 2.9 percent from September 2019. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : September : August : September Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 88.0 88.2 89.0 Crop production ..............: 88.5 92.5 93.7 Grain and oilseed ..........: 65.2 61.7 66.1 Feed grain ...............: 63.8 54.1 57.9 Food grain ...............: 65.1 67.8 72.6 Oilseed ..................: 67.0 70.5 74.1 Fruit and tree nut .........: 128.8 145.2 141.9 Vegetable and melon ........: 98.5 117.7 131.2 Other crop .................: 94.1 88.2 93.5 : Livestock production .........: 87.3 83.9 84.1 Meat animal ................: 86.0 85.2 87.8 Cattle ...................: 90.4 90.5 91.8 Hog ......................: 71.7 64.5 74.7 Dairy ......................: 96.0 93.5 89.1 Poultry and egg ............: 82.8 74.7 73.6 : Food commodity .................: 89.9 91.9 92.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : September : August : September Index Group : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 908 910 919 Crop production ..............: 772 806 817 Livestock production .........: 1014 974 976 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent percent percent : January .......: 86.4 89.0 78.7 82.6 97.8 98.5 92.9 96.5 February ......: 90.3 90.6 85.1 86.4 95.2 94.7 94.3 95.0 March .........: 93.3 93.4 87.8 89.0 98.1 97.4 98.0 98.9 April .........: 93.7 85.1 85.8 92.8 100.5 78.4 97.7 88.2 May ...........: 92.6 88.3 85.0 94.9 99.1 82.6 96.1 92.5 June ..........: 93.7 89.2 89.9 91.8 97.3 86.7 96.7 93.7 July ..........: 91.3 87.4 89.2 89.9 93.7 84.5 93.4 91.3 August ........: 91.5 88.2 89.2 92.5 93.7 83.9 94.1 91.9 September .....: 88.0 89.0 88.5 93.7 87.3 84.1 89.9 92.5 October .......: 86.0 83.1 90.6 89.3 November ......: 90.4 85.1 97.1 97.4 December ......: 91.1 86.1 97.1 96.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2019 and 2020 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 110.5 111.4 107.4 107.6 111.6 112.0 109.3 110.7 February ......: 110.6 111.1 107.5 107.1 111.8 112.0 109.4 110.1 March .........: 110.7 110.1 107.6 105.9 111.6 111.5 109.8 108.7 April .........: 111.3 108.9 108.4 104.5 111.6 111.1 110.9 106.7 May ...........: 110.9 109.0 107.8 104.7 111.7 111.2 109.9 106.7 June ..........: 110.4 109.2 107.2 104.8 111.8 111.5 108.9 106.8 July ..........: 110.6 109.7 107.3 105.3 112.1 111.7 109.1 107.6 August ........: 109.9 109.9 106.2 105.6 111.4 111.8 108.2 107.9 September .....: 109.6 110.3 105.8 106.1 111.0 111.9 108.0 108.6 October .......: 110.4 106.7 111.6 109.0 November ......: 110.6 107.1 111.7 109.4 December ......: 110.9 107.4 111.9 109.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for non-citrus fruit commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :September 2019: August 2020 :September 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 4.56 4.60 4.76 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 3.18 3.05 3.10 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 4.78 4.78 4.92 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 24.90 34.00 30.00 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 14.20 15.10 16.40 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 18.90 17.70 18.60 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 18.20 18.50 20.50 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 22.30 17.60 14.80 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 3.80 3.12 3.41 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.594 0.573 0.593 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 148.00 155.00 160.00 Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 8.84 8.56 9.64 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 160.00 161.00 155.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 179.00 172.00 171.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 122.00 137.00 125.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 15.00 16.10 17.90 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 2.67 2.54 2.49 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.198 0.206 0.205 : Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 10.50 8.52 9.08 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 12.30 15.40 13.50 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 11.20 13.60 12.60 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 18.10 18.20 17.10 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 6.00 6.32 7.29 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 8.35 8.66 9.24 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 18.50 25.90 23.70 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 4.26 4.55 4.73 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 4.19 4.51 4.68 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 4.64 5.59 5.65 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 4.35 4.51 4.73 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 3.76 4.30 4.55 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 4.89 5.06 5.21 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 4.30 4.48 4.73 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 5.14 5.04 4.89 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 8.08 16.55 14.54 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 29.34 18.85 20.88 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 7.70 15.21 15.56 : Non-citrus, fresh 1/ : Apples ....................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.489 0.642 0.707 Grapes ......................dollars/ton: 628.00 1,310.00 2,150.00 2,040.00 Peaches .....................dollars/ton: 507.00 941.00 1,680.00 1,810.00 Pears .......................dollars/ton: 559.00 722.00 1,590.00 1,440.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 104.00 145.00 171.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for vegetables, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :September 2019: August 2020 :September 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S) Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 (S) 58.70 46.70 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 71.60 48.10 102.00 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 25.90 20.00 27.10 Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 28.80 48.30 46.10 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 65.20 32.00 40.30 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 26.30 40.50 35.00 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 (S) 33.30 49.60 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 24.00 33.50 37.70 Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 22.90 18.60 38.60 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 11.90 23.30 19.40 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 13.30 15.20 12.00 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 33.00 44.60 48.00 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 144.00 153.00 155.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 103.00 103.00 104.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 65.60 70.70 66.60 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 104.00 104.00 105.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) (NA) (NA) Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 47.70 42.90 49.70 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 48.30 43.80 50.90 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 31.90 22.30 22.40 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 19.30 18.80 17.90 Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 3.85 3.81 3.90 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.391 0.310 0.291 Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.969 0.680 0.776 0.831 Market 7/ .................dollars/dozen: 0.796 0.425 0.490 0.555 Turkeys, live 8/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.622 0.735 0.776 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 0.691 0.756 0.841 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 98 103 99 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 18.70 18.70 17.40 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 103 100 103 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Also referred to as table eggs. 8/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 4.65 5.28 4.88 3.29 3.56 3.79 9.30 8.64 8.84 February ...: 4.92 5.33 4.88 3.38 3.60 3.78 9.50 8.52 8.60 March ......: 5.10 5.19 4.86 3.51 3.61 3.68 9.81 8.52 8.47 April ......: 5.28 4.93 4.85 3.58 3.53 3.29 9.85 8.28 8.35 May ........: 5.39 4.78 4.76 3.68 3.63 3.20 9.84 8.02 8.28 June .......: 5.19 4.81 4.56 3.58 3.98 3.16 9.55 8.31 8.34 July .......: 5.00 4.52 4.54 3.47 4.16 3.21 9.08 8.38 8.50 August .....: 5.31 4.34 4.55 3.36 3.93 3.12 8.59 8.22 8.66 September ..: 5.15 4.26 4.73 3.40 3.80 3.41 8.78 8.35 9.24 October ....: 5.22 4.45 3.42 3.85 8.59 8.60 November ...: 5.23 4.39 3.41 3.68 8.36 8.59 December ...: 5.28 4.64 3.54 3.71 8.56 8.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 : 2018 : 2019 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 120.00 121.00 122.00 52.50 44.60 47.80 February .: 125.00 123.00 120.00 54.60 43.40 45.50 March ....: 125.00 126.00 113.00 50.00 46.50 47.70 April ....: 119.00 125.00 108.00 45.30 59.40 42.30 May ......: 120.00 120.00 109.00 51.50 62.30 51.00 June .....: 112.00 114.00 109.00 59.10 59.50 41.30 July .....: 110.00 112.00 97.10 58.60 56.60 39.90 August ...: 110.00 111.00 103.00 44.30 58.50 42.90 September : 108.00 103.00 104.00 43.20 47.70 49.70 October ..: 110.00 107.00 50.30 49.10 November .: 113.00 113.00 46.20 48.00 December .: 117.00 118.00 43.40 47.30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (S) (D) Arkansas ...........: (S) (D) (D) California .........: (D) (S) (D) Colorado ...........: 3.65 4.04 4.16 Idaho ..............: 4.84 4.75 4.61 Illinois ...........: 4.48 5.37 4.96 Indiana ............: 5.00 5.34 5.62 Kansas .............: 3.61 4.17 4.53 Michigan ...........: 5.05 4.90 5.30 Minnesota ..........: 4.35 4.45 4.57 : Missouri ...........: 4.92 5.27 5.23 Montana ............: 4.33 4.65 4.77 Nebraska ...........: 3.44 4.17 4.36 North Carolina .....: 4.80 4.60 4.91 North Dakota .......: 4.16 4.52 4.82 Ohio ...............: 5.04 5.27 5.35 Oklahoma ...........: 3.77 4.20 4.52 Oregon .............: 5.42 5.51 5.74 South Dakota .......: 4.17 4.43 4.59 Texas ..............: 4.24 4.84 4.48 Washington .........: 5.26 5.26 5.13 : United States ......: 4.26 4.55 4.73 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: (S) (D) (D) California .........: (D) (S) (D) Colorado ...........: 3.65 4.04 4.16 Idaho ..............: 4.84 4.70 4.57 Illinois ...........: 4.48 5.37 4.96 Indiana ............: 5.00 5.34 5.62 Kansas .............: 3.61 4.17 4.53 Michigan ...........: 5.05 4.90 5.30 Missouri ...........: 4.92 5.27 5.23 Montana ............: 4.01 4.54 4.68 : Nebraska ...........: 3.44 4.17 4.36 North Carolina .....: 4.80 4.60 4.91 North Dakota .......: 3.40 4.08 4.28 Ohio ...............: 5.04 5.27 5.35 Oklahoma ...........: 3.77 4.20 4.52 Oregon .............: 5.42 5.52 5.74 South Dakota .......: 4.00 4.13 4.46 Texas ..............: 4.24 4.84 4.48 Washington .........: 5.25 5.24 5.10 : United States ......: 4.19 4.51 4.68 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (S) (D) California .........: (S) (S) (D) Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 4.89 (D) 5.59 North Dakota .......: 4.51 5.58 5.62 : United States ......: 4.64 5.59 5.65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 4.85 4.83 4.68 Minnesota ..........: 4.35 4.45 4.57 Montana ............: 4.52 4.62 4.73 North Dakota .......: 4.13 4.31 4.70 South Dakota .......: 4.34 4.61 4.73 Washington .........: 5.32 5.39 5.32 : United States ......: 4.35 4.51 4.73 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (S) (S) (S) Iowa ...............: 3.38 2.93 3.13 Michigan ...........: 3.11 2.67 3.23 Minnesota ..........: 2.26 2.52 2.22 Montana ............: (S) (S) 2.79 Nebraska ...........: 2.68 2.62 2.74 New York ...........: (D) (S) (S) North Dakota .......: 2.36 2.35 2.47 Oregon .............: (S) (S) (S) Pennsylvania .......: 3.85 3.77 (D) South Dakota .......: 2.77 2.47 2.42 Texas ..............: (D) (S) (D) Wisconsin ..........: 3.07 2.50 2.35 : United States ......: 2.67 2.54 2.49 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (D) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.65 4.81 4.85 Idaho ..............: 4.89 4.84 4.87 Minnesota ..........: 4.35 4.40 (D) Montana ............: 4.29 4.45 4.35 North Dakota .......: 4.06 4.06 4.60 Washington .........: 4.00 (D) 5.12 Wyoming ............: (D) 4.89 (D) : United States ......: 4.56 4.60 4.76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (S) (S) Colorado ...........: 4.65 4.85 4.86 Idaho ..............: 5.14 5.00 5.05 Minnesota ..........: 4.36 4.40 (D) Montana ............: 4.42 4.56 4.63 North Dakota .......: 4.27 4.29 4.68 Washington .........: (D) (S) 5.72 Wyoming ............: (D) 4.89 (D) : United States ......: 4.78 4.78 4.92 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (D) (S) Colorado ...........: (S) 3.45 3.76 Idaho ..............: 3.40 3.27 (D) Minnesota ..........: (D) (S) 3.21 Montana ............: 2.73 2.84 2.90 North Dakota .......: 2.91 2.95 2.80 Washington .........: 3.26 (D) 2.99 Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 3.18 3.05 3.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: 5.76 6.35 7.21 Nebraska ...........: 5.53 5.33 6.91 Oklahoma ...........: 5.57 6.26 7.78 Texas ..............: 6.20 6.33 7.29 : United States ......: 6.00 6.32 7.29 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...............: 4.00 3.45 3.55 Illinois ...............: 3.77 3.12 3.40 Indiana ................: 3.96 3.48 3.77 Iowa ...................: 3.72 3.08 3.39 Kansas .................: 3.77 3.25 3.50 Kentucky ...............: 3.89 3.43 3.56 Michigan ...............: 4.05 3.27 3.39 Minnesota ..............: 3.57 2.85 2.95 Missouri ...............: 3.74 3.23 3.45 Nebraska ...............: 3.72 3.09 3.33 : North Carolina .........: 4.34 3.98 4.08 North Dakota ...........: 3.56 2.79 3.00 Ohio ...................: 4.11 3.29 3.62 Pennsylvania ...........: 4.29 3.86 4.02 South Dakota ...........: 3.57 2.82 3.03 Tennessee ..............: 3.84 3.55 3.74 Texas ..................: 3.96 3.49 3.72 Wisconsin ..............: 3.69 3.02 3.26 : United States ..........: 3.80 3.12 3.41 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 8.73 9.43 9.78 Illinois ...........: 8.71 8.88 9.43 Indiana ............: 8.60 8.80 9.44 Iowa ...............: 8.14 8.64 9.24 Kansas .............: 7.90 8.51 9.02 Kentucky ...........: 8.50 9.16 9.51 Louisiana ..........: 8.53 9.11 9.71 Michigan ...........: 8.54 8.89 9.44 Minnesota ..........: 8.41 8.55 9.02 Mississippi ........: 8.63 8.89 9.46 : Missouri ...........: 8.32 8.88 9.37 Nebraska ...........: 8.00 8.35 9.02 North Carolina .....: 8.41 9.18 9.65 North Dakota .......: 7.74 8.11 8.89 Ohio ...............: 8.58 9.06 9.70 South Dakota .......: 7.83 8.13 8.99 Tennessee ..........: 8.51 8.90 9.71 Wisconsin ..........: 8.17 8.57 9.12 : United States ......: 8.35 8.66 9.24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: (D) 37.90 (D) Idaho ..............: (D) (S) (D) Michigan ...........: 27.00 (D) 37.30 Minnesota ..........: 26.20 31.30 34.50 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 23.10 34.50 26.90 : United States ......: 24.90 34.00 30.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 12.70 13.40 14.90 North Dakota .......: 14.20 15.10 16.50 Oklahoma ...........: (S) (D) (S) : United States ......: 14.20 15.10 16.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 8.84 8.56 9.64 : United States ......: 8.84 8.56 9.64 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.200 0.202 0.199 Arkansas ...........: 0.200 0.202 0.181 Florida ............: 0.197 0.201 0.197 Georgia ............: 0.186 0.196 0.195 Mississippi ........: 0.204 0.198 0.199 New Mexico .........: (S) (S) (S) North Carolina .....: 0.220 0.221 0.218 Oklahoma ...........: 0.217 0.185 0.201 South Carolina .....: 0.203 0.208 0.214 Texas ..............: 0.234 0.234 0.241 Virginia ...........: 0.223 0.220 0.220 : United States ......: 0.198 0.206 0.205 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (D) (D) 17.70 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 22.90 26.10 22.70 South Dakota .......: 16.90 27.90 25.10 : United States ......: 18.50 25.90 23.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : September : August : September : September : August : September : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton --------- : Alabama ............: (D) (D) (D) 120.00 (NA) (D) Arizona ............: (D) (S) (S) (NA) (NA) (D) Arkansas ...........: (S) (D) (S) (D) (NA) 180.00 California .........: (S) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) (NA) Georgia ............: 0.584 0.612 0.600 115.00 (NA) 140.00 Louisiana ..........: (S) (D) (D) 150.00 (NA) 182.00 Mississippi ........: (S) (S) (S) 154.00 (NA) 171.00 North Carolina .....: (S) (D) (D) (D) (NA) (NA) Tennessee ..........: (D) 0.549 (D) (D) (NA) (NA) Texas ..............: 0.596 0.554 0.593 154.00 155.00 163.00 : United States ......: 0.594 0.573 0.593 148.00 155.00 160.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.594 0.573 0.593 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 459 295 519 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.30 15.40 13.50 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 9,309 5,615 8,276 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 11.20 13.60 12.60 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 7,843 3,419 6,538 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 21.20 20.60 20.80 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.20 12.30 12.30 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 18.10 18.20 17.10 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 1,466 2,196 1,738 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :September : August :September :September : August :September :September : August :September : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ..............: 191.00 170.00 170.00 190.00 170.00 170.00 200.00 185.00 185.00 California ...........: 187.00 176.00 173.00 200.00 185.00 180.00 140.00 150.00 145.00 Colorado .............: 234.00 216.00 192.00 235.00 215.00 190.00 230.00 230.00 210.00 Idaho ................: 158.00 151.00 158.00 160.00 150.00 160.00 140.00 160.00 145.00 Illinois .............: 162.00 158.00 159.00 175.00 175.00 175.00 130.00 125.00 120.00 Iowa .................: 118.00 114.00 117.00 123.00 121.00 129.00 99.00 88.00 81.00 Kansas ...............: 124.00 132.00 117.00 139.00 140.00 137.00 97.00 95.00 87.00 Kentucky .............: 146.00 162.00 158.00 210.00 210.00 210.00 125.00 140.00 140.00 Michigan .............: 150.00 165.00 163.00 180.00 180.00 175.00 120.00 130.00 140.00 Minnesota ............: 121.00 105.00 109.00 134.00 122.00 124.00 86.00 88.00 86.00 : Missouri .............: 116.00 116.00 114.00 150.00 155.00 155.00 110.00 110.00 105.00 Montana ..............: 146.00 132.00 126.00 145.00 130.00 125.00 150.00 140.00 130.00 Nebraska .............: 103.00 100.00 92.00 110.00 107.00 99.00 88.00 84.00 76.00 Nevada ...............: 169.00 181.00 180.00 170.00 180.00 180.00 160.00 190.00 185.00 New Mexico ...........: 214.00 216.00 216.00 220.00 225.00 225.00 180.00 170.00 170.00 New York .............: 145.00 160.00 142.00 164.00 213.00 180.00 140.00 150.00 133.00 North Dakota .........: 85.00 81.00 77.00 90.00 84.00 80.00 67.00 72.00 67.00 Ohio .................: 151.00 173.00 165.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 125.00 145.00 135.00 Oklahoma .............: 98.00 111.00 100.00 195.00 176.00 193.00 91.00 102.00 91.00 Oregon ...............: 195.00 192.00 198.00 200.00 200.00 205.00 180.00 180.00 175.00 : Pennsylvania .........: 165.00 190.00 170.00 190.00 236.00 235.00 160.00 175.00 150.00 South Dakota .........: 99.00 94.00 99.00 108.00 100.00 110.00 74.00 70.00 77.00 Texas ................: 105.00 148.00 142.00 178.00 193.00 193.00 87.00 132.00 127.00 Utah .................: 174.00 179.00 189.00 175.00 180.00 190.00 145.00 115.00 115.00 Washington ...........: 193.00 196.00 183.00 200.00 190.00 180.00 175.00 210.00 190.00 Wisconsin ............: 176.00 150.00 146.00 190.00 164.00 159.00 135.00 112.00 110.00 Wyoming ..............: 178.00 165.00 164.00 185.00 165.00 165.00 150.00 165.00 160.00 : United States ........: 160.00 161.00 155.00 179.00 172.00 171.00 122.00 137.00 125.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : California .........: 215.00 210.00 210.00 Idaho ..............: 185.00 170.00 170.00 Michigan ...........: 190.00 200.00 210.00 Minnesota ..........: 182.00 186.00 180.00 New York ...........: 200.00 245.00 229.00 Pennsylvania .......: 255.00 260.00 260.00 Texas ..............: 226.00 209.00 222.00 Wisconsin ..........: 236.00 215.00 182.00 : 5-State Total 1/ 2/ : 204.00 192.00 192.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced during the previous month). 2/ For September 2019, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For August 2020, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For September 2020, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: September 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: (D) 11.26 (D) (D) 8.08 (D) (D) : Lemons ..............................: 51.20 35.93 40.77 (D) 29.34 33.99 (D) : Oranges .............................: 25.80 10.61 15.68 (D) 7.70 12.86 (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: August 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: (D) 19.53 (D) (D) 16.55 (D) (D) : Lemons ..............................: 47.00 25.30 36.36 (D) 18.85 29.44 (D) : Oranges .............................: 35.30 18.21 24.77 (D) 15.21 21.83 (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - United States: September 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: (D) 17.62 (D) (D) 14.54 (D) (D) : Lemons ..............................: 45.90 27.46 35.30 (D) 20.88 28.38 (D) : Oranges .............................: 38.00 18.58 27.36 (D) 15.56 24.42 (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : September 2019 : August 2020 : September 2020 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 18.70 3.69 16.30 3.64 16.30 3.65 California .........: 18.60 3.78 20.00 3.79 18.70 3.82 Colorado ...........: 19.40 3.76 17.60 3.67 17.80 3.78 Florida ............: 22.50 3.72 23.20 3.72 22.30 3.71 Georgia ............: 20.70 3.66 21.70 3.68 21.10 3.68 Idaho ..............: 19.10 3.94 17.50 3.89 17.60 4.02 Illinois ...........: 19.70 3.86 18.20 3.75 17.20 3.88 Indiana ............: 18.80 3.73 17.80 3.76 17.60 3.84 Iowa ...............: 20.40 3.91 19.20 3.89 18.30 4.01 Kansas .............: 18.10 3.87 17.80 3.80 16.50 3.98 : Michigan ...........: 17.90 3.77 16.90 3.70 16.70 3.80 Minnesota ..........: 20.60 4.01 19.90 3.93 18.80 4.06 New Mexico .........: 17.40 3.69 17.10 3.64 15.60 3.74 New York ...........: 19.40 3.84 18.20 3.77 18.00 3.88 Ohio ...............: 19.30 3.82 19.00 3.77 18.70 3.85 Oregon .............: 22.10 3.94 21.50 3.91 19.40 4.02 Pennsylvania .......: 19.80 3.81 18.10 3.77 18.00 3.88 South Dakota .......: 21.30 4.16 20.60 4.04 19.10 4.22 Texas ..............: 19.30 4.06 18.80 4.04 17.40 4.17 Utah ...............: 19.10 3.88 19.50 3.80 18.30 3.92 : Vermont ............: 19.70 3.89 18.80 3.82 18.30 3.94 Virginia ...........: 20.10 3.73 21.10 3.76 20.80 3.83 Washington .........: 19.10 3.94 17.40 3.92 16.80 4.02 Wisconsin ..........: 19.90 3.86 19.40 3.77 17.70 3.88 : United States ......: 19.30 3.85 18.80 3.81 17.90 3.90 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: October 2020 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : October 2019 : July 2020 : October 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 1,450 1,450 1,450 California .........: 1,400 1,350 1,350 Colorado ...........: 1,300 1,250 1,350 Florida ............: 1,280 1,360 1,440 Georgia ............: 1,300 1,270 1,300 Idaho ..............: 1,350 1,350 1,350 Illinois ...........: 1,200 1,310 1,310 Indiana ............: 1,250 1,220 1,260 Iowa ...............: 1,280 1,260 1,290 Kansas .............: 1,300 1,400 1,420 : Michigan ...........: 1,320 1,320 1,360 Minnesota ..........: 1,160 1,160 1,240 New Mexico .........: 1,400 1,400 1,400 New York ...........: 1,260 1,230 1,240 Ohio ...............: 1,120 1,170 1,220 Oregon .............: 1,350 1,250 1,300 Pennsylvania .......: 1,190 1,250 1,270 South Dakota .......: 1,250 1,250 1,300 Texas ..............: 1,350 1,350 1,400 Utah ...............: 1,250 1,200 1,250 : Vermont ............: 1,300 1,260 1,270 Virginia ...........: 1,120 1,190 1,270 Washington .........: 1,350 1,300 1,350 Wisconsin ..........: 1,270 1,350 1,420 : United States ......: 1,310 1,310 1,340 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Price Overview Parity prices, based on data from January 2020, and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed are presented in the tables on the following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2020, the 10-average includes the years 2010-2019). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price :September: August :September:September: August :September : : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.558 16.90 16.60 16.70 25 27 28 Rice ....................cwt: 1.30 39.70 38.70 38.80 31 40 35 Corn .................bushel: 0.433 13.00 12.90 12.90 29 24 26 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.070 2.04 2.08 2.09 29 28 28 American Pima .......pound: 0.135 4.15 4.01 4.03 28 26 26 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.023 0.681 0.684 0.687 29 30 30 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.40 71.70 71.40 71.60 31 25 21 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 3.11 96.60 92.50 92.80 19 20 22 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.39 75.50 71.10 71.30 20 23 25 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.79 52.10 53.20 53.40 36 35 33 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.191 5.51 5.68 5.70 40 35 35 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.148 4.15 4.40 4.42 42 43 43 Mohair ................pound: 0.457 12.60 13.60 13.60 42 47 47 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.036 1.040 1.070 1.070 47 60 66 Barley ...............bushel: 0.495 14.90 14.70 14.80 31 31 32 Canola ..................cwt: 1.81 55.40 53.80 54.00 26 28 30 Cottonseed ..............ton: 19.30 578.00 574.00 576.00 26 27 28 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.10 94.50 92.20 92.50 26 37 32 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.09 32.30 32.40 32.50 27 26 30 Oats .................bushel: 0.290 8.53 8.62 8.66 31 29 29 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.06 31.70 31.50 31.60 42 48 38 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.735 22.00 21.90 21.90 27 29 33 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.06 32.30 31.50 31.60 26 27 29 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.07 62.20 61.60 61.80 30 42 38 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 0.905 24.80 26.90 27.00 33 62 54 Lemons ..................box: 1.98 55.40 58.90 59.10 53 32 35 Oranges .................box: 1.050 29.90 31.20 31.30 26 49 50 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.90 347.00 354.00 355.00 30 29 29 Broilers ..............pound: 0.052 1.54 1.55 1.55 25 20 19 Calves ..................cwt: 17.30 504.00 515.00 516.00 29 30 30 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.101 3.02 3.00 3.01 23 25 28 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.71 169.00 170.00 170.00 28 25 29 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.066 1.950 1.960 1.970 32 38 39 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : September : August : September : : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.422 12.00 12.60 12.60 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.07 93.30 91.30 91.60 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.55 78.20 75.80 76.10 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.631 18.60 18.80 18.80 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.19 64.90 65.10 65.40 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.74 51.80 51.70 51.90 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.01 61.00 59.80 60.00 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.185 5.54 5.50 5.52 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.256 7.61 7.61 7.64 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.183 5.45 5.44 5.46 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.174 5.12 5.17 5.19 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.228 6.78 6.78 6.81 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.214 5.95 6.36 6.39 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 20.80 601.00 619.00 621.00 Apricots, fresh 3/ ..................ton: 127.00 3,790.00 3,780.00 3,790.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 194.00 5,860.00 5,770.00 5,790.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 212.00 6,220.00 6,300.00 6,330.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.029 0.889 0.862 0.866 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.38 105.00 101.00 101.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 206.00 5,450.00 6,130.00 6,150.00 : Grapes (California) : Wine, processing ..................ton: 78.50 2,250.00 2,330.00 2,340.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 117.00 3,110.00 3,480.00 3,490.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 81.10 2,330.00 2,410.00 2,420.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 112.00 3,290.00 3,330.00 3,340.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : September : August : September : : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.042 1.33 1.25 1.25 Peaches, fresh 4/ 6/ ...............ton: 106.00 3,050.00 3,150.00 3,160.00 Pears, fresh 6/ ....................ton: 63.00 1,890.00 1,870.00 1,880.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree .: 80.40 2,210.00 2,390.00 2,400.00 Fresh 7/ .........................ton: 176.00 5,270.00 5,230.00 5,250.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ......................pound: 10.20 291.00 303.00 304.00 Processing .....................pound: 3.91 111.00 116.00 117.00 : Sugar crops : Sugarbeets 2/ 8/ .................ton: 4.91 151.00 146.00 147.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.49 104.00 104.00 104.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.258 7.49 7.67 7.70 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 237.00 7,020.00 7,050.00 7,070.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.250 7.23 7.44 7.46 Walnuts ............................ton: 237.00 6,990.00 7,050.00 7,070.00 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Carrots 11/ ........................cwt: 2.64 83.50 78.50 78.80 Cauliflower 11/ ....................cwt: 4.62 138.00 137.00 138.00 Celery 11/ .........................cwt: 2.13 60.70 63.30 63.60 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.07 74.60 61.60 61.80 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.74 74.60 81.50 81.80 Onions 11/ .........................cwt: 1.44 41.80 42.80 43.00 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.05 119.00 120.00 121.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ FOB shipping point price. 11/ Includes some processing. Marketing Year for Specified Commodities Rice: August 1 to July 31 for United States; July 1 to June 30 for Louisiana and Texas; August 1 to July 31 for Arkansas and Mississippi; October 1 to September 30 for California; September 1 to August 31 for Missouri. All Rice Prices Received and Marketing Percentages by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 :2019-2020 2/: 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 :2019-2020 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- dollars per cwt ------- ----------- 1,000 cwt ----------- : August ....: 11.30 14.30 12.80 10,290 4,421 10,188 September .: 11.50 12.40 12.30 10,475 8,173 9,309 October ...: 12.40 12.40 12.80 14,046 14,466 15,370 November ..: 13.50 13.00 13.60 13,896 13,525 12,357 December ..: 12.90 12.70 13.00 15,535 17,045 18,085 January 3/ : 13.70 13.50 13.70 20,835 20,261 19,915 February ..: 12.70 12.40 13.50 13,342 12,434 12,432 March .....: 12.70 11.90 13.70 13,748 16,003 14,309 April .....: 13.10 12.00 14.10 13,167 15,419 10,277 May .......: 12.80 11.90 14.40 11,800 14,402 8,174 June ......: 13.10 12.20 14.80 9,066 12,634 7,730 July ......: 13.70 12.90 15.10 9,465 11,870 7,437 : MYA .......: 12.90 12.60 13.50 155,665 160,653 145,583 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for August 2019 - July 2020. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Marketing Percentages by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt -------------- : August ....: 10.60 11.90 10.90 8,505 2,993 7,905 September .: 11.00 11.30 11.20 8,508 6,769 7,843 October ...: 11.00 10.90 11.40 10,147 11,545 11,762 November ..: 11.20 10.90 11.60 9,372 9,506 8,603 December ..: 11.40 10.80 11.70 11,431 12,610 14,335 January 3/ : 11.60 10.90 12.00 13,668 14,015 14,769 February ..: 11.70 10.80 12.50 10,077 9,885 9,688 March .....: 11.70 10.70 12.60 11,028 13,240 10,545 April .....: 11.80 10.50 12.90 10,053 12,218 7,296 May .......: 11.80 10.50 12.90 9,695 11,869 5,545 June ......: 11.90 10.70 13.40 7,044 10,120 5,315 July ......: 11.80 10.70 13.20 6,572 8,829 4,119 : MYA .......: 11.50 10.80 12.00 116,100 123,599 107,725 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for August 2019 - July 2020. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Marketing Percentages by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt ------------- : August ......: 14.90 19.50 19.40 1,785 1,428 2,283 September ...: 13.60 17.80 18.10 1,967 1,404 1,466 October .....: 16.20 18.20 17.40 3,899 2,921 3,608 November ....: 18.40 18.10 18.30 4,524 4,019 3,754 December ....: 17.30 18.10 18.10 4,104 4,435 3,750 January 3/ ..: 17.70 19.40 18.80 7,167 6,246 5,146 February ....: 16.00 18.50 17.40 3,265 2,549 2,744 March .......: 16.60 17.60 16.80 2,720 2,763 3,764 April .......: 17.40 17.30 17.20 3,114 3,201 2,981 May .........: 17.50 18.80 17.30 2,105 2,533 2,629 June ........: 17.30 18.30 17.90 2,022 2,514 2,415 July ........: 18.10 19.60 17.50 2,893 3,041 3,318 : MYA .........: 17.00 18.50 17.80 39,565 37,054 37,858 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for August 2019 - July 2020. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2018-2019 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year for California: October - September. Marketing Year for Other States: August - July. Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : California : Other States Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 1/ : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 1/ 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars per cwt ------ ------ dollars per cwt ------ : August ......: 20.40 20.60 13.70 12.10 September ...: 20.00 21.20 12.60 12.20 October .....: 21.20 20.70 11.90 11.40 November ....: 21.30 20.80 11.90 11.50 December ....: 21.10 20.80 11.90 11.70 January 3/ ..: 21.50 20.70 12.30 11.60 February ....: 21.20 20.70 12.40 11.70 March .......: 21.00 19.70 12.50 11.80 April .......: 20.80 20.50 12.40 11.70 May .........: 21.30 21.30 12.60 11.70 June ........: 20.80 20.60 12.70 11.40 July ........: 21.00 20.50 13.30 11.40 August ......: 20.60 20.60 12.10 12.30 September ...: 21.20 20.80 12.20 12.30 : MYA .........: 21.10 20.60 12.30 11.60 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for August 2019 - August 2020. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price for California will be published in the January 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report. 2/ Other States monthly prices for August 2018-July 2019 and 2018-2019 MYA price are final. 3/ Second year. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production practices, plans were implemented to make necessary program improvements in the agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series. Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: updated the current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011; linked the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011; created index groups used universally by researchers, data users, and policymakers; and re-classified agricultural commodities into the index groups. Also the modifications expanded the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non-citrus, and tree nuts; updated monthly market weights; and adjusted (normalized) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. September Prices Paid by Farmers The September Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 110.3, is up 0.4 percent from August 2020 and 0.6 percent from September 2019. Production: The September index, at 106.1, is up 0.5 percent from August and 0.3 percent from last year. Higher prices for feeder pigs, feed grains, complete feeds, and supplements more than offset lower prices for hay and forages, feeder cattle, other services, and LP gas. Feed: At 101.9, the September index increased 1.1 percent from August but decreased 0.5 percent from last September. Higher prices for feed grains, complete feeds, supplements, and concentrates more than offset lower prices for hay and forages. Livestock and poultry: The September index, at 97.7, increased 1.9 percent from August and 2.2 percent from last year. Higher prices for feeder pigs more than offset lower prices for feeder cattle. The September feeder cattle price, at $138.00 per cwt, is down $1.00 per cwt from August. The September feeder pigs price, at $86.00 per cwt, is up $41.00 per cwt from last month. Fertilizer: The index for September, at 72.0, is up 0.8 percent from August and 3.0 percent from September a year ago. Compared with August, prices are higher for potash and phosphate, mixed fertilizer, and nitrogen. Chemicals: The September index, at 99.9, is unchanged from August but up 8.7 percent from last September. Fuels: At 71.3, the September index is down 0.8 percent from August and 3.5 percent from September 2019. Compared with August, prices are higher for LP gas and diesel but lower for gasoline. Machinery: The index for September, at 123.6, decreased 0.2 percent from August but increased 0.2 percent from last September. Compared with last month, prices are lower for other machinery and tractors. Consumer Price Index: The September 2020 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 1.4 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 260.280 (1982- 1984=100). For the month, the index increased 0.1 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : September : August : September : September : August : September Ratios : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 2965 2974 2985 109.6 109.9 110.3 Production ....................: 2202 2198 2209 105.8 105.6 106.1 Feed ........................: 1129 1110 1122 102.4 100.8 101.9 Livestock and poultry .......: 1886 1894 1929 95.6 95.9 97.7 Seeds .......................: 3800 3723 3723 115.6 113.3 113.3 Fertilizer ..................: 841 859 866 69.9 71.4 72.0 Chemicals ...................: 825 897 897 91.9 99.9 99.9 Fuels .......................: 2069 2013 1994 73.9 71.9 71.3 Supplies and repairs ........: 1356 1374 1375 115.0 116.4 116.6 : Autos and trucks ............: 3231 3265 3265 105.1 106.2 106.2 Machinery ...................: 7537 7564 7551 123.3 123.8 123.6 Building materials ..........: 2745 2812 2870 118.0 120.9 123.4 Services and rent ...........: 2478 2484 2482 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 116.9 116.5 116.3 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 116.5 117.8 117.8 : Interest 1/ ...................: 4205 4307 4307 115.3 118.1 118.1 Taxes 2/ ......................: 7000 7095 7095 117.9 119.5 119.5 Wage rates ....................: 9542 9644 9644 133.2 134.7 134.7 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2439 2469 2472 114.2 115.6 115.7 : Production, interest, taxes, ....: and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3069 3072 3085 108.8 109.0 109.4 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 80 80 81 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 31 31 31 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 33 32 32 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1682 1706 1709 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 111.0 111.8 111.9 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108.0 107.9 108.6 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 102.8 101.5 102.6 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 107.5 108.1 108.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : :September: August :September : 2019 : 2020 : 2019 : 2020 : 2020 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 73.2 72.9 105.8 105.6 106.1 : Feed ......................: 12.8 13.3 102.4 100.8 101.9 Feed grains .............: 1.8 1.9 63.5 54.6 59.8 Complete feeds ..........: 6.3 6.5 108.1 107.2 108.2 Hay and forages .........: 1.6 1.7 102.1 104.4 100.2 Concentrates ............: 2.0 2.1 113.3 115.4 116.3 Supplements .............: 1.1 1.1 115.8 108.9 112.0 Livestock and poultry .....: 8.8 9.2 95.6 95.9 97.7 Feeder cattle ...........: 6.8 7.2 97.8 101.5 100.8 Feeder pigs .............: 0.7 0.7 69.3 32.1 61.4 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.7 0.7 86.6 92.3 92.3 Poultry .................: 0.5 0.6 113.1 113.1 113.1 : Seeds .....................: 5.4 5.1 115.6 113.3 113.3 Field crops .............: 4.9 4.6 114.0 112.0 112.0 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 131.8 125.4 125.4 Fertilizer ................: 5.0 5.1 69.9 71.4 72.0 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.2 2.2 71.3 72.0 72.5 Nitrogen ................: 2.1 2.1 70.6 71.5 71.6 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.7 0.7 63.4 69.0 71.4 Chemicals .................: 3.6 3.5 91.9 99.9 99.9 Herbicides ..............: 2.2 2.2 93.0 101.6 101.6 Insecticides ............: 0.8 0.8 89.2 94.1 94.1 Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.5 91.6 101.7 101.7 : Fuels .....................: 2.8 3.2 73.9 71.9 71.3 Diesel ..................: 1.8 2.0 71.5 59.3 59.0 Gasoline ................: 0.6 0.7 76.4 67.5 67.6 LP gas ..................: 0.5 0.5 79.8 124.2 121.5 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.6 4.6 115.0 116.4 116.6 Supplies ................: 1.5 1.5 115.9 117.3 117.8 Repairs .................: 3.1 3.0 114.5 116.0 116.0 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.3 1.2 105.1 106.2 106.2 Autos ...................: 0.2 0.2 99.8 101.3 101.3 Trucks ..................: 1.1 1.1 105.9 107.0 106.9 : Machinery .................: 5.3 4.7 123.3 123.8 123.6 Tractors ................: 1.2 1.0 110.7 111.9 111.7 Self-propelled ..........: 2.1 1.9 125.3 126.4 126.4 Other machinery .........: 2.0 1.8 128.6 127.9 127.5 Building materials ........: 4.1 4.0 118.0 120.9 123.4 Services ..................: 11.7 11.9 116.9 116.5 116.3 Custom rates ............: 1.2 1.2 118.4 119.6 119.6 Other services ..........: 10.5 10.7 116.7 116.2 116.0 Rent ......................: 7.8 7.1 116.5 117.8 117.8 Cash ....................: 4.2 3.8 123.3 124.7 124.7 Share ...................: 3.6 3.3 108.6 109.7 109.7 : Interest ....................: 2.6 2.6 115.3 118.1 118.1 Taxes .......................: 3.2 3.1 117.9 119.5 119.5 Wage rates ..................: 7.2 7.4 133.2 134.7 134.7 Family living-CPI ...........: 13.9 14.0 114.2 115.6 115.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ :September 2019: August 2020 :September 2020 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 4.0 3.3 2.9 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 5.0 6.3 6.6 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 12.6 13.8 14.6 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.34 2.50 2.28 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 27.4 33.3 30.8 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 7.0 8.7 8.6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :September 2019: August 2020 :September 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.391 0.310 0.291 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 0.425 0.490 0.555 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 47.70 42.90 49.70 Milk, all .......................cwt: 19.30 18.80 17.90 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 104.00 104.00 105.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.622 0.735 0.776 : Corn .........................bushel: 3.80 3.12 3.41 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 179.00 172.00 171.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 8.35 8.66 9.24 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 4.26 4.55 4.73 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: September 2020 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :September 2019: August 2020 :September 2020 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 134.00 139.00 138.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 97.00 45.00 86.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the annual average index was replaced by an annual index. As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The April 2015 program update discontinued publication of the annual March survey prices paid data. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. Information Contacts General Bruce Boess, Chief (Acting), Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch........................... (202) 720-4447 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Greg Lemmons - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet............................................................ (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - Barley, Hay........................................................................... (202) 690-8533 Joshua Bates - Oats, Soybeans.......................................................................... (202) 690-3234 John Stephens - Peanuts, Rice.......................................................................... (202) 720-7688 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat............................................................................... (202) 720-8068 Becky Sommer - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum........................................................ (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower.................................. (202) 720-7369 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section....................................... (202) 720-2127 Heidi Lanouette - Blueberries, Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes........................... (202) 720-4285 Robert Little - Apricots, Dry Beans, Lettuce, Macadamia, Maple Syrup, Nectarines, Pears, Snap Beans, Spinach, Tomatoes................................................... (202) 720-3250 Anastasiya Osborne - Almonds, Apples, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco................................................................. (202) 720-4288 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Cauliflower, Celery, Garlic, Grapefruit, Hazelnuts, Kiwifruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges...................... (202) 720-5412 Dawn Smoker - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans........................................... (202) 720-4215 Fleming Gibson - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Papayas, Peaches, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Walnuts, Watermelons.............................. (202) 720-2127 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 690-2424 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats........................................................................ (202) 720-0585 Ryan Cowen - Cattle and Cattle on Feed................................................................. (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs........................................................................... (202) 720-3106 Tony Dorn, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................... (202) 690-3223 Fatema Haque - Turkeys................................................................................. (202) 720-3244 Autumn Stone - Eggs.................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Adam Peters - Honey.................................................................................... (202) 690-3237 Takiyah Walker - Broilers.............................................................................. (202) 720-6147 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Bruce Boess, Chief (Acting), Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch........................... (202) 720-4447 Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-4447 Eric Barnes - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 690-3225 Kuan Chen - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 690-3347 Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes............................ (202) 720-8844 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" or "State" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Cornell's Mann Library has launched a new website housing NASS's and other agencies archived reports. The new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from the new website, https://usda.library.cornell.edu. To continue receiving the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the new website, create a new account and re-subscribe to the reports. If you need instructions to set up an account or subscribe, they are located at: https://usda.library.cornell.edu/help. You should whitelist notifications@usda-esmis.library.cornell.edu in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form (PDF), found online at www.ascr.usda.gov/filing-program-discrimination-complaint-usda-customer, or at any USDA office, or call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at program.intake@usda.gov. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php January 2014 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf January 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf April 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p df February 2016 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df