Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released January 31, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). December Prices Received Index Up 0.8 Percent The December Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 89.5, increased 0.8 percent from November but decreased 0.8 percent from December 2018. At 83.3, the Crop Production Index was up 0.8 percent from last month but down 5.0 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 97.0, was unchanged from November, but increased 5.0 percent from December last year. Producers received higher prices during December for broilers, cattle, tomatoes, and strawberries but lower prices for market eggs, lettuce, oranges, and milk. In addition to prices, the indexes are influenced by the volume change of commodities that producers market. In December, there was increased monthly movement for oranges, milk, broilers, and cotton and decreased marketing of corn, grapes, soybeans, and calves. December Prices Paid Index Up 0.1 Percent The December Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 110.5, is up 0.1 percent from November 2019 and 0.4 percent from December 2018. Higher prices for self-propelled machinery, feeder pigs, complete feeds, and concentrates more than offset lower prices in December for nitrogen, feeder cattle, LP gas, and other services. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : November : December Index Group : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 90.2 88.8 89.5 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 110.1 110.4 110.5 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 82 81 80 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................... 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons........................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons...................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2018 and 2019............... 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2018 and 2019................... 6 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................... 7 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................. 8 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2019 with Comparisons............ 9 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2019 with Comparisons................. 9 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons..................... 10 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.................. 10 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................... 11 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.................. 11 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.......................... 11 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.................... 12 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................ 12 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................... 12 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.......................... 13 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................. 14 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons...................... 14 Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons..................... 14 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons............ 15 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons..................... 15 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons........................ 15 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons...................... 15 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 16 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 16 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................... 17 Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: December 2019................ 17 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2018................... 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: November 2019................... 19 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2019................... 20 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons...................... 21 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: October 2020 with Comparisons...................... 21 Parity Price Overview........................................................................................ 22 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 23 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons...................................... 24 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons (continued).......................... 25 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities..................................................................... 26 Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and United States: Marketing Years 2016 through 2018................................................................................... 27 All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020......................................................................................... 28 Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020......................................................................................... 28 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020......................................................................... 29 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2018-2019 through 2019-2020............................................................................... 29 Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019..... 30 Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 ................................................................................................ 32 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates..................................................................... 33 Prices Paid by Farmers....................................................................................... 34 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons................ 35 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons............................................................................ 36 Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons............................................ 37 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons.......... 37 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons............................. 37 Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: 2014-2019................................... 38 Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2018 and 2019............................. 38 Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019......... 39 Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019.................................................................................. 42 Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 ................................................................................................ 46 Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019............................................ 49 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates......................................................................... 50 Information Contacts......................................................................................... 51 December Prices Received by Farmers Crop production: The December index, at 83.3, is 0.8 percent higher than November but 5.0 percent lower than December 2018. The grain & oilseed index and other crop index increases more than offset the fruit & tree nut index and vegetable & melon index decreases. Grain and oilseed: The December index, at 65.6, is up 1.5 percent from November and 1.5 percent from December 2018. Oilseed, feed grain, and food grain indexes all showed an increase from previous month. Feed grain: The December index, at 61.7, increased 0.8 percent from last month and 4.2 percent from a year ago. The corn price, at $3.71 per bushel, is up 3 cents from last month and 17 cents from December 2018. Food grain: At 71.9, the index for December increased 0.3 percent from the previous month but decreased 6.5 percent from a year ago. The December price for all wheat, at $4.64 per bushel, is 25 cents higher than November but 64 cents lower than December 2018. The December price for rice, at $12.50 per cwt, is 40 cents lower than November and 20 cents lower than December 2018. Oilseed: At 69.6, the index for December increased 1.3 percent from November and 1.5 percent from December 2018. The soybean price, at $8.70 per bushel, is up 11 cents from November and 14 cents from December last year. Fruit and tree nut: The December index, at 120.9, is down 6.4 percent from November and 3.8 percent from a year earlier. Price decreases during December for oranges, lemons, and grapefruit more than offset price increases for strawberries. Vegetable and melon: At 132.5, the index for December decreased 6.1 percent from the previous month and 13.1 percent from December 2018. Price declines during December for lettuce, cauliflower, broccoli, and celery more than offset price increases for tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, and carrots. Other crop: The December index, at 81.8, is up 0.9 percent from the previous month but down 9.6 percent from December 2018. The all hay price, at $158.00 per ton, is $2.00 lower than November and $8.00 lower than December 2018. At 61.5 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 1.8 cents higher than November but 11.1 cents lower than December 2018. Livestock production: The index for December, at 97.0, was unchanged from the previous month but increased 5.0 percent from December a year earlier. Compared with a year ago, prices are higher for milk, hogs, turkeys, and cattle while prices for broilers, market eggs, and calves are lower than a year earlier. Meat animal: At 94.3, the December index increased 1.8 percent from the previous month and 1.3 percent from a year earlier. At $47.30 per cwt, the December hog price is 70 cents lower than November but $3.90 higher than a year earlier. The December beef cattle price of $118.00 per cwt is $5.00 higher than the previous month and $1.00 higher than December 2018. Dairy: The index for December, at 103.0, is down 1.4 percent from the previous month but up 24.7 percent from December a year ago. The December all milk price of $20.70 per cwt is 30 cents lower than November but $4.10 higher than December 2018. Poultry and egg: At 96.8, the December index decreased 2.9 percent from November and 11.0 percent from December 2018. The December market egg price, at 71.4 cents per dozen, is 40.6 cents lower than November and 26.6 cents lower than December 2018. The December broiler price, at 45.0 cents per pound, is 4.7 cents higher than November but 6.0 cents lower than a year ago. At 62.4 cents per pound, the December turkey price is 4.7 cents lower than the previous month but 12.6 cents higher than December 2018. Food Commodities: The index, at 95.7, decreased 0.8 percent from the previous month but increased 1.2 percent from December 2018. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : December : November : December Index Group : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 90.2 88.8 89.5 Crop production ..............: 87.7 82.6 83.3 Grain and oilseed ..........: 64.6 64.6 65.6 Feed grain ...............: 59.2 61.2 61.7 Food grain ...............: 76.9 71.7 71.9 Oilseed ..................: 68.6 68.7 69.6 Fruit and tree nut .........: 125.7 129.1 120.9 Vegetable and melon ........: 152.4 141.1 132.5 Other crop .................: 90.5 81.1 81.8 : Livestock production .........: 92.4 97.0 97.0 Meat animal ................: 93.1 92.6 94.3 Cattle ...................: 102.8 99.7 103.3 Hog ......................: 65.3 72.2 71.1 Dairy ......................: 82.6 104.5 103.0 Poultry and egg ............: 108.8 99.7 96.8 : Food commodity .................: 94.6 96.5 95.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : December : November : December Index Group : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 931 916 923 Crop production ..............: 765 721 726 Livestock production .........: 1073 1126 1126 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent -- percent -- percent : January .......: 86.0 85.2 78.6 77.3 94.4 97.2 92.7 92.4 February ......: 90.9 89.3 86.8 83.6 93.9 94.7 95.2 93.8 March .........: 94.9 91.9 87.9 85.7 99.5 97.5 99.7 97.2 April .........: 92.8 92.9 88.3 84.6 95.7 100.1 96.1 97.5 May ...........: 94.7 91.9 89.0 83.9 98.3 98.8 98.1 96.0 June ..........: 95.1 92.5 90.3 87.8 98.5 97.0 98.9 95.8 July ..........: 91.7 89.9 86.9 86.7 95.6 93.5 95.0 92.0 August ........: 89.7 90.6 89.7 87.4 89.7 93.7 92.1 93.6 September .....: 88.4 87.0 88.1 86.7 88.7 87.3 90.9 89.3 October .......: 85.2 84.7 80.2 81.2 91.4 90.3 88.9 88.4 November ......: 88.5 88.8 84.2 82.6 92.7 97.0 94.2 96.5 December ......: 90.2 89.5 87.7 83.3 92.4 97.0 94.6 95.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2018 and 2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 108.2 110.9 105.4 107.7 109.5 112.2 106.8 109.5 February ......: 108.9 111.0 106.3 107.8 109.7 112.4 108.0 109.6 March .........: 108.9 111.1 106.3 107.8 109.8 112.2 107.9 110.0 April .........: 108.6 111.7 106.1 108.6 109.5 112.2 107.6 111.1 May ...........: 109.1 111.1 106.6 107.8 109.8 112.1 108.2 110.0 June ..........: 108.9 110.6 106.3 107.1 109.9 112.1 107.7 108.9 July ..........: 109.0 110.7 106.0 107.1 110.3 112.3 107.6 109.0 August ........: 109.2 109.9 106.2 105.9 110.4 111.5 107.8 108.1 September .....: 109.2 109.6 106.2 105.5 110.4 111.2 107.7 107.8 October .......: 109.8 110.1 106.8 106.1 110.8 111.4 108.5 108.7 November ......: 109.8 110.4 107.0 106.5 111.3 111.5 108.2 109.1 December ......: 110.1 110.5 107.3 106.7 111.3 111.6 108.7 109.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :December 2018 :November 2019 :December 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 4.64 4.74 4.51 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 3.06 2.81 3.32 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 4.78 4.84 4.82 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 24.70 28.80 32.00 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 16.30 14.40 14.40 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 21.10 16.50 14.80 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 20.30 15.40 17.40 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 21.50 17.90 13.10 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 3.54 3.68 3.71 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.726 0.597 0.615 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 161.00 163.00 164.00 Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 9.87 8.68 8.91 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 166.00 160.00 158.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 179.00 173.00 175.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 146.00 137.00 133.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 16.30 14.90 14.80 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 2.67 2.95 3.19 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.205 0.192 0.196 : Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 10.50 9.52 10.10 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 12.70 12.90 12.50 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 10.80 11.60 11.70 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 18.10 16.00 15.70 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 5.68 5.64 5.64 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 8.56 8.59 8.70 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 16.90 17.90 17.60 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 5.28 4.39 4.64 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 5.24 4.36 4.57 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 4.83 4.15 4.44 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 5.36 4.52 4.79 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 5.10 4.03 4.23 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 5.21 5.29 5.43 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 5.36 4.47 4.76 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 5.42 5.42 5.40 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 18.68 15.86 12.81 Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 26.23 29.70 22.43 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 10.46 15.18 10.20 : Non-citrus, fresh : Apples ...................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.401 0.333 0.336 Grapes .....................dollars/ton: 628.00 1,140.00 1,500.00 2,090.00 Peaches ....................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears ......................dollars/ton: 559.00 614.00 678.00 721.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 (S) 115.00 (S) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source for potato, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :December 2018 :November 2019 :December 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S) Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 62.80 99.10 89.30 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 85.50 57.50 38.10 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 39.00 24.30 (S) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 26.40 29.70 29.90 Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 74.80 92.20 41.90 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 46.60 35.60 27.40 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 31.70 34.30 30.50 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 36.70 31.10 41.50 Lettuce ......................dollars/cwt: 24.30 74.80 65.30 49.00 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 10.90 10.90 11.20 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 9.37 13.90 13.90 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 57.20 54.40 112.00 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 166.00 158.00 159.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 117.00 113.00 118.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 51.80 57.70 59.30 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 119.00 115.00 120.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) (NA) (NA) Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 43.40 48.00 47.30 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 43.60 48.20 47.70 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 38.00 41.90 33.40 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 16.60 21.00 20.70 Fat test ........................percent: 3.71 4.04 4.06 4.05 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.510 0.403 0.450 Eggs, all 7/ ...............dollars/dozen: 0.969 1.17 1.29 0.931 Market 7/ 8/ ..............dollars/dozen: 0.796 0.980 1.12 0.714 Turkeys, live 9/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.498 0.671 0.624 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 0.965 0.978 0.767 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 121 132 121 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 16.10 19.80 20.10 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 103 106 103 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Point of first sale. 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Mid-month price. 8/ Also referred to as table eggs. 9/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2019 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 4.01 4.65 5.28 3.40 3.29 3.56 9.71 9.30 8.64 February ...: 4.16 4.92 5.33 3.44 3.38 3.60 9.86 9.50 8.52 March ......: 4.37 5.10 5.19 3.49 3.51 3.61 9.69 9.81 8.52 April ......: 4.16 5.28 4.93 3.43 3.58 3.53 9.33 9.85 8.28 May ........: 4.05 5.39 4.78 3.45 3.68 3.63 9.29 9.84 8.02 June .......: 4.37 5.19 4.81 3.43 3.58 3.98 9.10 9.55 8.31 July .......: 4.77 5.00 4.52 3.49 3.47 4.16 9.42 9.08 8.38 August .....: 4.84 5.31 4.35 3.27 3.36 3.93 9.24 8.59 8.22 September ..: 4.65 5.15 4.26 3.27 3.40 3.80 9.35 8.78 8.35 October ....: 4.64 5.22 4.45 3.26 3.42 3.84 9.18 8.59 8.60 November ...: 4.72 5.23 4.39 3.15 3.41 3.68 9.22 8.36 8.59 December ...: 4.50 5.28 4.64 3.23 3.54 3.71 9.30 8.56 8.70 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 117.00 120.00 121.00 48.10 52.50 44.60 February .: 119.00 125.00 123.00 54.40 54.60 43.40 March ....: 125.00 125.00 126.00 53.00 50.00 46.50 April ....: 128.00 119.00 125.00 48.40 45.30 59.40 May ......: 136.00 120.00 120.00 53.60 51.50 62.30 June .....: 132.00 112.00 114.00 62.10 59.10 59.50 July .....: 120.00 110.00 112.00 67.30 58.60 56.60 August ...: 114.00 110.00 111.00 61.50 44.30 58.50 September : 105.00 108.00 103.00 48.90 43.20 47.70 October ..: 109.00 110.00 107.00 47.30 50.30 49.10 November .: 119.00 113.00 113.00 50.00 46.20 48.00 December .: 118.00 117.00 118.00 48.60 43.40 47.30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (S) California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 4.74 3.65 3.98 Idaho ..............: 5.34 5.04 5.02 Illinois ...........: 5.01 5.41 5.63 Indiana ............: 5.37 5.27 5.26 Kansas .............: 4.75 3.83 4.07 Michigan ...........: 5.16 5.18 5.24 Minnesota ..........: 5.61 4.41 4.62 : Missouri ...........: 5.06 5.32 5.42 Montana ............: 5.36 4.56 4.75 Nebraska ...........: 4.44 3.70 3.92 North Carolina .....: 5.54 5.42 5.52 North Dakota .......: 5.22 4.15 4.50 Ohio ...............: 5.10 5.29 5.53 Oklahoma ...........: 4.71 4.05 4.27 Oregon .............: 5.81 5.66 5.83 South Dakota .......: 5.19 4.41 4.72 Texas ..............: 5.06 3.84 4.52 Washington .........: 5.56 5.49 5.51 : United States ......: 5.28 4.39 4.64 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (S) California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 4.74 3.65 3.98 Idaho ..............: 5.27 5.04 4.96 Illinois ...........: 5.01 5.41 5.63 Indiana ............: 5.37 5.27 5.26 Kansas .............: 4.75 3.83 4.07 Michigan ...........: 5.16 5.18 5.24 Minnesota 1/ .......: (D) (NA) (NA) Missouri ...........: 5.06 5.32 5.42 : Montana ............: 5.36 4.40 4.54 Nebraska ...........: 4.44 3.70 3.92 North Carolina .....: 5.54 5.42 5.52 North Dakota .......: 3.88 3.68 3.09 Ohio ...............: 5.10 5.29 5.53 Oklahoma ...........: 4.71 4.05 4.27 Oregon .............: 5.78 5.66 5.83 South Dakota .......: 5.02 4.20 4.51 Texas ..............: 5.06 3.84 4.52 Washington .........: 5.52 5.46 5.41 : United States ......: 5.24 4.36 4.57 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (D) (D) California .........: (D) (S) (S) Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (S) Montana ............: 5.31 4.50 (D) North Dakota .......: 4.67 3.81 4.06 : United States ......: 4.83 4.15 4.44 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado 1/ ........: (D) (NA) (NA) Idaho ..............: 5.46 5.05 5.15 Minnesota ..........: 5.61 4.41 4.62 Montana ............: 5.36 4.75 5.01 North Dakota .......: 5.27 4.25 4.58 Oregon 1/ ..........: 5.97 (NA) (NA) South Dakota .......: 5.27 4.66 4.84 Washington .........: 5.78 5.70 6.01 : United States ......: 5.36 4.52 4.79 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019. Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (D) (S) (S) Iowa ...............: 3.42 3.73 3.70 Michigan ...........: 3.41 3.68 (S) Minnesota ..........: 2.35 2.50 2.44 Montana ............: (D) (S) (S) Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) New York ...........: (S) (S) (D) North Dakota .......: 2.46 2.50 2.60 Oregon .............: (S) (S) (S) Pennsylvania .......: (D) 4.46 4.68 South Dakota .......: 2.65 2.92 2.72 Texas ..............: (D) (S) (S) Wisconsin ..........: 3.27 3.45 2.87 : United States ......: 2.67 2.95 3.19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 4.67 (D) (D) Idaho ..............: 5.16 4.96 5.05 Minnesota ..........: (D) 4.47 (D) Montana ............: 4.62 4.38 4.26 North Dakota .......: 4.26 4.64 4.20 Washington .........: 3.20 4.65 4.99 Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 4.64 4.74 4.51 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (D) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 4.67 (D) 4.81 Idaho ..............: 5.28 5.08 5.16 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 4.63 4.40 4.44 North Dakota .......: 4.49 4.72 4.66 Washington .........: (S) (D) (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 4.78 4.84 4.82 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : California .........: (S) (S) (S) Colorado ...........: (S) (S) (D) Idaho ..............: 3.30 2.79 3.39 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (S) Montana ............: 3.85 2.47 2.89 North Dakota .......: 2.93 2.78 3.49 Washington .........: 3.20 2.79 2.98 Wyoming ............: (S) (S) (D) : United States ......: 3.06 2.81 3.32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...............: 3.51 3.84 3.79 Illinois ...............: 3.60 3.66 3.73 Indiana ................: 3.70 3.92 4.01 Iowa ...................: 3.52 3.64 3.70 Kansas .................: 3.58 3.55 3.57 Kentucky ...............: 3.84 3.96 4.07 Michigan ...............: 3.46 3.87 3.86 Minnesota ..............: 3.39 3.48 3.51 Missouri ...............: 3.63 3.77 3.86 Nebraska ...............: 3.49 3.64 3.68 : North Carolina .........: 4.31 4.30 4.63 North Dakota ...........: 3.16 3.40 3.28 Ohio ...................: 3.63 4.06 4.13 Pennsylvania ...........: 4.25 4.27 4.31 South Dakota ...........: 3.27 3.57 3.56 Tennessee ..............: 3.86 3.87 4.11 Texas ..................: 4.08 4.28 4.26 Wisconsin ..............: 3.38 3.52 3.56 : United States ..........: 3.54 3.68 3.71 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Arkansas 1/ ........: (D) (NA) (NA) Kansas .............: 5.61 5.55 5.52 Louisiana 1/ .......: (D) (NA) (NA) Missouri 1/ ........: 6.30 (NA) (NA) Nebraska ...........: 5.38 5.58 5.58 Oklahoma ...........: 5.99 6.00 5.93 Texas ..............: 6.08 6.28 6.47 : United States ......: 5.68 5.64 5.64 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1/ Monthly estimates discontinued in September 2019. Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 9.00 9.00 8.90 Illinois ...........: 8.81 8.96 9.09 Indiana ............: 8.94 8.94 9.18 Iowa ...............: 8.42 8.50 8.69 Kansas .............: 7.98 8.24 8.30 Kentucky ...........: 8.76 9.06 9.11 Louisiana ..........: 9.05 8.85 8.89 Michigan ...........: 8.49 8.68 8.95 Minnesota ..........: 8.54 8.49 8.45 Mississippi ........: 9.17 8.91 8.93 : Missouri ...........: 8.60 8.76 8.88 Nebraska ...........: 8.18 8.17 8.35 North Carolina .....: 8.65 8.57 8.79 North Dakota .......: 8.06 8.00 7.97 Ohio ...............: 8.76 9.13 9.35 South Dakota .......: 8.17 8.30 8.43 Tennessee ..........: 8.71 9.05 9.06 Wisconsin ..........: 8.51 8.39 8.48 : United States ......: 8.56 8.59 8.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Dry Beans - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : California .........: 63.00 53.30 (D) Colorado ...........: 23.40 34.90 41.20 Idaho ..............: 22.90 23.90 (D) Michigan ...........: 29.30 32.00 (D) Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 22.50 25.00 31.50 : United States ......: 24.70 28.80 32.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.196 0.155 0.153 Arkansas ...........: 0.153 0.191 0.081 Florida ............: 0.194 0.197 0.199 Georgia ............: 0.204 0.181 0.192 Mississippi ........: 0.074 0.184 0.064 New Mexico .........: 0.229 0.511 (S) North Carolina .....: 0.216 0.224 0.239 Oklahoma ...........: 0.218 0.260 0.260 South Carolina .....: 0.201 0.193 0.150 Texas ..............: 0.237 0.305 0.254 Virginia ...........: 0.230 0.206 (S) : United States ......: 0.205 0.192 0.196 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (D) 17.00 (D) Minnesota ..........: 18.40 (D) 18.80 North Dakota .......: 18.00 18.40 18.30 South Dakota .......: 15.80 17.50 16.80 : United States ......: 16.90 17.90 17.60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 13.70 13.60 14.10 North Dakota .......: 16.40 14.40 14.40 Oklahoma ...........: (S) (S) (S) : United States ......: 16.30 14.40 14.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 9.87 8.68 8.91 : United States ......: 9.87 8.68 8.91 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December : November : December : December : November : December : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton -------- : Alabama ............: 0.743 0.685 0.611 126.00 121.00 115.00 Arizona ............: (D) (S) (D) 237.00 223.00 263.00 Arkansas ...........: 0.707 0.599 0.613 (D) 176.00 180.00 California .........: (D) (S) (S) (D) 319.00 295.00 Georgia ............: 0.783 0.631 0.643 118.00 115.00 115.00 Louisiana ..........: 0.739 0.665 0.706 (D) 155.00 180.00 Mississippi ........: 0.747 0.572 0.610 165.00 160.00 160.00 North Carolina .....: 0.751 0.565 0.632 130.00 141.00 138.00 Tennessee ..........: 0.716 0.650 0.627 (D) 158.00 (D) Texas ..............: 0.723 0.581 0.601 167.00 172.00 172.00 : United States ......: 0.726 0.597 0.615 161.00 163.00 164.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.726 0.597 0.615 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 2,689 2,131 2,251 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 12.70 12.90 12.50 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 17,045 12,242 17,971 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 10.80 11.60 11.70 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 12,610 8,603 14,335 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 21.10 17.70 17.40 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 11.90 11.50 11.70 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 18.10 16.00 15.70 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 4,435 3,639 3,636 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December : November : December : December : November : December : December : November : December : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ..............: 200.00 190.00 190.00 200.00 190.00 190.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 California ...........: 199.00 191.00 189.00 210.00 205.00 200.00 165.00 145.00 150.00 Colorado .............: 235.00 235.00 229.00 235.00 235.00 230.00 235.00 230.00 220.00 Idaho ................: 165.00 159.00 154.00 165.00 160.00 155.00 170.00 150.00 140.00 Illinois .............: 153.00 165.00 168.00 170.00 180.00 185.00 125.00 125.00 130.00 Iowa .................: 139.00 142.00 136.00 145.00 152.00 149.00 128.00 99.00 117.00 Kansas ...............: 152.00 115.00 124.00 172.00 127.00 138.00 95.00 92.00 99.00 Kentucky .............: 163.00 141.00 143.00 220.00 205.00 205.00 150.00 125.00 125.00 Michigan .............: 166.00 168.00 168.00 175.00 185.00 190.00 145.00 140.00 130.00 Minnesota ............: 144.00 154.00 152.00 155.00 178.00 170.00 112.00 130.00 119.00 : Missouri .............: 121.00 118.00 123.00 160.00 150.00 155.00 110.00 110.00 115.00 Montana ..............: 142.00 142.00 145.00 145.00 140.00 145.00 130.00 150.00 145.00 Nebraska .............: 104.00 99.00 108.00 115.00 106.00 114.00 78.00 84.00 94.00 Nevada ...............: 170.00 174.00 180.00 170.00 175.00 180.00 175.00 165.00 170.00 New Mexico ...........: 242.00 215.00 215.00 255.00 220.00 220.00 160.00 190.00 190.00 New York .............: 153.00 184.00 177.00 185.00 209.00 200.00 152.00 175.00 165.00 North Dakota .........: 89.00 86.00 84.00 91.00 88.00 87.00 76.00 62.00 66.00 Ohio .................: 154.00 164.00 179.00 185.00 205.00 220.00 130.00 135.00 150.00 Oklahoma .............: 109.00 99.00 92.00 190.00 155.00 165.00 104.00 87.00 87.00 Oregon ...............: 192.00 198.00 200.00 200.00 195.00 200.00 180.00 205.00 200.00 : Pennsylvania .........: 210.00 203.00 194.00 231.00 235.00 228.00 205.00 195.00 182.00 South Dakota .........: 102.00 106.00 106.00 107.00 115.00 114.00 90.00 87.00 92.00 Texas ................: 134.00 139.00 137.00 210.00 202.00 202.00 119.00 129.00 128.00 Utah .................: 179.00 185.00 190.00 180.00 185.00 190.00 135.00 145.00 150.00 Washington ...........: 185.00 194.00 188.00 185.00 200.00 195.00 185.00 180.00 175.00 Wisconsin ............: 178.00 217.00 229.00 186.00 226.00 242.00 155.00 182.00 182.00 Wyoming ..............: 168.00 181.00 171.00 175.00 185.00 180.00 145.00 160.00 150.00 : United States ........: 166.00 160.00 158.00 179.00 173.00 175.00 146.00 137.00 133.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : California .........: (NA) 225.00 230.00 Idaho ..............: (NA) 180.00 165.00 Michigan ...........: (NA) 205.00 200.00 Minnesota ..........: (NA) 268.00 251.00 New York ...........: (NA) 245.00 235.00 Pennsylvania .......: (NA) 300.00 280.00 Texas ..............: (NA) 225.00 225.00 Wisconsin ..........: (NA) 294.00 275.00 : 5-State Total 1/ 2/ : (NA) 209.00 200.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced during the previous month). 2/ For November 2019, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For December 2019, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2018 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 24.20 (D) (S) 21.74 (D) (S) Florida, all ......................: 37.10 20.91 26.42 13.90 17.80 23.62 10.41 White ...........................: 43.00 22.06 32.35 13.90 19.01 29.55 10.65 Red .............................: 36.20 20.69 25.55 13.90 17.57 22.75 10.35 Texas .............................: 38.40 15.01 26.80 (D) 13.47 25.19 (D) : United States .....................: 35.30 21.64 25.67 13.90 18.68 22.99 10.41 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 48.40 33.41 38.17 (D) 26.96 31.52 (D) : United States .....................: 48.70 32.63 38.43 (D) 26.23 31.78 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 32.50 18.67 22.38 (D) 15.81 19.56 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 32.50 18.67 22.38 (D) 15.81 19.56 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 30.80 11.80 19.45 11.50 8.60 16.05 8.30 Early and mids ..................: 30.80 11.80 19.45 11.50 8.60 16.05 8.30 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: 31.40 12.81 19.80 (D) 11.05 17.97 (D) Early and mids ..................: 31.40 12.81 19.80 (D) 11.05 17.97 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 32.30 13.58 22.04 10.87 10.46 19.15 7.68 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: November 2019 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 23.45 (D) (S) 20.94 (D) (S) Florida, all ......................: 34.00 18.20 23.31 6.51 15.19 20.51 2.99 White ...........................: 33.50 15.55 22.85 4.15 12.58 20.05 0.90 Red .............................: 34.00 18.45 23.35 6.80 15.43 20.55 3.25 Texas .............................: 34.40 16.13 22.80 (D) 14.57 21.19 (D) : United States .....................: 33.50 18.17 23.14 3.96 15.86 20.87 1.51 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 51.20 35.65 40.77 (D) 29.06 33.99 (D) : United States .....................: 52.30 36.28 41.83 (D) 29.70 35.05 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 32.60 19.59 22.28 (D) 16.68 19.40 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 32.60 19.59 22.28 (D) 16.68 19.40 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 28.50 12.26 17.15 (S) 8.94 13.75 (S) Early and mids ..................: 28.50 12.26 17.15 (S) 8.94 13.75 (S) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: 27.20 12.89 15.60 (D) 11.09 13.77 (D) Early and mids ..................: 27.20 12.89 15.60 (D) 11.09 13.77 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 31.90 18.08 21.35 (D) 15.18 18.47 (D) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2019 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit : California ........................: (D) 19.92 (D) (D) 17.23 (D) (D) Florida, all ......................: 32.10 15.96 21.44 8.10 12.88 18.64 4.62 White ...........................: 31.10 13.80 20.45 9.60 10.72 17.65 6.35 Red .............................: 32.20 16.35 21.55 7.65 13.27 18.75 4.10 Texas .............................: 34.50 12.92 22.90 (D) 11.38 21.29 (D) : United States .....................: 32.60 15.17 22.20 4.52 12.81 19.91 2.06 : Lemons : Arizona ...........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) California ........................: 45.80 29.64 35.37 (D) 23.12 28.59 (D) : United States .....................: 45.80 28.91 35.42 (D) 22.43 28.64 (D) : Oranges : California, all ...................: 31.00 17.37 20.68 (D) 14.46 17.80 (D) Navel and miscellaneous .........: 31.00 17.37 20.68 (D) 14.46 17.80 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Florida, all ......................: 25.70 11.72 14.35 11.60 8.51 10.95 8.40 Early and mids ..................: 25.70 11.72 14.35 11.60 8.51 10.95 8.40 Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) Texas, all ........................: 24.90 10.17 13.30 (D) 8.39 11.47 (D) Early and mids ..................: 24.90 10.17 13.30 (D) 8.39 11.47 (D) Valencia ........................: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) : United States .....................: 30.10 13.30 19.63 10.77 10.20 16.75 7.59 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December 2018 : November 2019 : December 2019 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 16.00 3.78 19.40 3.84 19.70 3.91 California .........: 16.53 4.04 19.50 3.95 19.80 3.98 Colorado ...........: 17.10 3.89 20.30 3.99 20.60 3.96 Florida ............: 20.10 3.71 23.10 3.76 23.80 3.74 Georgia 1/ .........: 17.60 3.77 21.50 3.81 21.90 3.83 Idaho ..............: 16.00 4.13 21.70 4.12 20.30 4.18 Illinois ...........: 16.70 4.03 21.60 4.10 21.20 4.07 Indiana ............: 16.60 3.96 20.30 4.06 20.40 4.05 Iowa ...............: 16.50 4.06 22.90 4.20 22.50 4.10 Kansas .............: 15.20 4.04 20.10 4.14 19.60 4.12 : Michigan ...........: 15.60 3.95 19.20 3.98 19.40 3.95 Minnesota ..........: 16.20 4.12 23.20 4.24 22.00 4.17 New Mexico .........: 14.70 3.87 19.90 4.02 19.80 4.00 New York ...........: 17.40 4.01 20.50 4.02 20.50 4.02 Ohio ...............: 17.20 4.07 20.70 4.04 21.00 4.06 Oregon .............: 19.00 4.25 24.60 4.20 23.60 4.19 Pennsylvania .......: 17.60 3.98 21.00 4.02 20.90 4.03 South Dakota .......: 17.00 4.35 24.00 4.43 22.60 4.39 Texas ..............: 16.80 4.32 21.80 4.41 21.30 4.36 Utah ...............: 16.30 4.07 21.70 4.12 21.30 4.13 : Vermont ............: 17.80 4.06 20.90 4.04 20.80 4.01 Virginia ...........: 18.10 3.95 21.20 3.98 21.60 4.00 Washington .........: 17.40 4.25 20.70 4.20 20.50 4.19 Wisconsin ..........: 16.20 4.01 22.40 4.04 21.30 3.98 : United States ......: 16.60 4.04 21.00 4.06 20.70 4.05 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Beginning in June 2019, Georgia was added to the monthly price program. Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: October 2020 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2019 : October 2019 : January 2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 1,250 1,450 1,450 California .........: 1,100 1,400 1,400 Colorado ...........: 1,200 1,300 1,300 Florida ............: 1,200 1,280 1,350 Georgia 1/ .........: 1,150 1,300 1,310 Idaho ..............: 1,250 1,350 1,350 Illinois ...........: 1,120 1,200 1,260 Indiana ............: 1,050 1,250 1,220 Iowa ...............: 1,080 1,280 1,200 Kansas .............: 1,300 1,300 1,400 : Michigan ...........: 1,180 1,320 1,260 Minnesota ..........: 1,050 1,160 1,140 New Mexico .........: 1,250 1,400 1,400 New York ...........: 1,040 1,260 1,190 Ohio ...............: 1,000 1,120 1,200 Oregon .............: 1,350 1,350 1,300 Pennsylvania .......: 1,050 1,190 1,210 South Dakota .......: 1,120 1,250 1,280 Texas ..............: 1,300 1,350 1,400 Utah ...............: 1,100 1,250 1,250 : Vermont ............: 1,100 1,300 1,290 Virginia ...........: 970 1,120 1,160 Washington .........: 1,200 1,350 1,250 Wisconsin ..........: 1,120 1,270 1,260 : United States ......: 1,140 1,310 1,300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Beginning in June 2019, Georgia was added to the quarterly milk cow price program. Parity Price Overview Parity prices, based on data from January 2017, and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed are presented in the tables on the following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2017, the 10-average includes the years 2007-2016). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price :December :November :December :December :November :December : : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.571 17.70 17.10 17.10 30 26 27 Rice ....................cwt: 1.34 40.20 40.00 40.10 32 32 31 Corn .................bushel: 0.438 13.30 13.10 13.10 27 28 28 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.069 2.01 2.06 2.06 36 29 30 American Pima .......pound: 0.140 4.02 4.18 4.19 35 28 27 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.023 0.680 0.687 0.688 30 28 28 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.42 71.20 72.30 72.40 30 25 18 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 3.26 97.20 97.40 97.50 21 16 18 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.55 78.30 76.20 76.30 21 20 19 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.76 52.60 52.60 52.60 31 38 38 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.186 5.17 5.56 5.56 42 39 39 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.140 3.90 4.18 4.19 38 42 42 Mohair ................pound: 0.425 12.00 12.70 12.70 41 41 41 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.035 1.030 1.050 1.050 39 32 32 Barley ...............bushel: 0.502 15.00 15.00 15.00 31 32 30 Canola ..................cwt: 1.87 55.60 55.90 55.90 29 26 26 Cottonseed ..............ton: 19.50 597.00 582.00 583.00 27 28 28 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.19 96.60 95.30 95.40 26 30 34 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.09 34.00 32.60 32.60 29 27 27 Oats .................bushel: 0.288 8.63 8.60 8.61 31 34 37 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.07 32.80 32.00 32.00 29 43 43 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.742 22.50 22.20 22.20 25 25 25 Soybeans .............bushel: 1.09 32.80 32.60 32.60 26 26 27 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 2.10 64.40 62.70 62.80 26 29 28 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 0.837 21.80 25.00 25.00 86 63 51 Lemons ..................box: 1.87 55.30 55.90 55.90 47 53 40 Oranges .................box: 1.010 26.90 30.20 30.20 39 50 34 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 11.70 337.00 349.00 350.00 35 32 34 Broilers ..............pound: 0.052 1.51 1.55 1.56 34 26 29 Calves ..................cwt: 17.00 488.00 508.00 508.00 34 31 31 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.102 2.98 3.05 3.05 32 32 25 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.69 167.00 170.00 170.00 26 28 28 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.066 1.950 1.970 1.970 26 34 32 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : December : November : December : : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.406 11.60 12.10 12.10 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.15 97.50 94.10 94.20 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.64 80.10 78.90 79.00 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.628 18.50 18.80 18.80 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.19 66.20 65.40 65.50 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.75 51.10 52.30 52.30 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.06 60.30 61.50 61.60 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.187 5.47 5.59 5.59 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.257 7.51 7.68 7.69 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.184 5.35 5.50 5.50 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.173 5.05 5.17 5.17 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.229 6.74 6.84 6.85 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.201 5.79 6.00 6.01 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 20.30 597.00 606.00 607.00 Apricots : Fresh 3/ ..........................ton: 128.00 3,580.00 3,820.00 3,830.00 Dried (California) ................ton: 313.00 9,250.00 9,350.00 9,360.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 198.00 5,910.00 5,910.00 5,920.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 210.00 6,350.00 6,270.00 6,280.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.030 0.946 0.896 0.897 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.55 114.00 106.00 106.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 184.00 4,700.00 5,500.00 5,500.00 : Grapes (California) : Raisin variety 5/ .................ton: 147.00 4,340.00 4,390.00 4,400.00 Wine, processing ..................ton: 75.90 2,120.00 2,270.00 2,270.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 105.00 3,100.00 3,140.00 3,140.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 78.50 2,160.00 2,340.00 2,350.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 111.00 3,130.00 3,320.00 3,320.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : December : November : December : : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.045 1.24 1.34 1.35 Peaches : Fresh 4/ 6/ ......................ton: 103.00 2,880.00 3,080.00 3,080.00 Dried (California) 1/ 5/ .........ton: 43.30 1,280.00 1,290.00 1,300.00 Processing, excludes dried : Clingstone (California) 4/ ....ton: 39.20 1,120.00 1,170.00 1,170.00 : Pears, Fresh 6/ ....................ton: 63.90 1,880.00 1,910.00 1,910.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 7/ .........................ton: 74.50 2,020.00 2,230.00 2,230.00 Prunes, dried (California) 1/ 2/ 5/ ton: 178.00 5,050.00 5,320.00 5,320.00 Strawberries : Fresh 10/ ......................pound: 9.82 284.00 293.00 294.00 Processing .....................pound: 3.74 107.00 112.00 112.00 Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 5.10 151.00 152.00 153.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.50 103.00 105.00 105.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.253 7.15 7.56 7.57 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 237.00 6,970.00 7,080.00 7,090.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.244 7.03 7.29 7.30 Walnuts ............................ton: 236.00 7,000.00 7,050.00 7,060.00 : Vegetables, fresh 10/ : Carrots 11/ ........................cwt: 2.82 82.40 84.20 84.30 Cauliflower 11/ ....................cwt: 4.66 136.00 139.00 139.00 Celery 11/ .........................cwt: 2.05 58.50 61.20 61.30 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.04 59.70 60.90 61.00 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.52 71.80 75.30 75.40 Onions 11/ .........................cwt: 1.41 41.70 42.10 42.20 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.01 120.00 120.00 120.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Dried basis. 6/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 7/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ FOB shipping point price. 11/ Includes some processing. Marketing Year for Specified Commodities Rice: United States .................................................................................................... August 1 to July 31 Louisiana and Texas .............................................................................................. July 1 to June 30 Arkansas and Mississippi ..................................................................................... August 1 to July 31 California ................................................................................................October 1 to September 30 Missouri ................................................................................................. September 1 to August 31 Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and United States: Marketing Years 2016 through 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : All rice : Arkansas ..............: 9.39 11.10 10.70 California ............: 14.30 20.30 21.30 Louisiana .............: 10.20 11.70 11.20 Mississippi ...........: 9.55 11.50 10.80 Missouri ..............: 9.92 12.00 10.70 Texas .................: 10.40 11.90 12.50 : United States 1/ ......: 10.40 12.90 12.60 : Long grain : United States 1/ ......: 9.61 11.50 10.80 : Medium and short grain : California ............: 14.10 20.10 21.10 Other States 1/ .......: 10.10 11.70 12.30 : United States 1/ ......: 13.10 17.00 18.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on state prices weighted by marketings for August through July. All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017-2018 :2018-2019 2/:2019-2020 2/: 2017-2018 :2018-2019 2/:2019-2020 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------- dollars per cwt ------- ----------- 1,000 cwt ----------- : August ....: 11.30 14.30 12.70 10,290 4,421 10,188 September .: 11.50 12.40 12.20 10,475 8,173 9,308 October ...: 12.40 12.40 12.40 14,046 14,466 15,159 November ..: 13.50 13.00 12.90 13,896 13,525 12,242 December ..: 12.90 12.70 12.50 15,535 17,045 17,971 January 3/ : 13.70 13.50 20,835 20,261 February ..: 12.70 12.40 13,342 12,434 March .....: 12.70 11.90 13,748 16,003 April .....: 13.10 12.00 13,167 15,419 May .......: 12.80 11.90 11,800 14,402 June ......: 13.10 12.20 9,066 12,634 July ......: 13.70 12.90 9,465 11,870 : MYA .......: 12.90 12.60 155,665 160,653 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2018 - November 2019. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 2/ : 2019-2020 2/ : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 2/ : 2019-2020 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt ------------- : August ....: 10.60 11.90 10.80 8,505 2,993 7,905 September .: 11.00 11.30 11.10 8,508 6,769 7,842 October ...: 11.00 10.90 11.40 10,147 11,545 11,749 November ..: 11.20 10.90 11.60 9,372 9,506 8,603 December ..: 11.40 10.80 11.70 11,431 12,610 14,335 January 3/ : 11.60 10.90 13,668 14,015 February ..: 11.70 10.80 10,077 9,885 March .....: 11.70 10.70 11,028 13,240 April .....: 11.80 10.50 10,053 12,218 May .......: 11.80 10.50 9,695 11,869 June ......: 11.90 10.70 7,044 10,120 July ......: 11.80 10.70 6,572 8,829 : MYA .......: 11.50 10.80 116,100 123,599 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2018 - November 2019. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2017-2018 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 2/ : 2019-2020 2/ : 2017-2018 : 2018-2019 2/ : 2019-2020 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- dollars per cwt ---------- -------------- 1,000 cwt ------------- : August ......: 14.90 19.50 19.40 1,785 1,428 2,283 September ...: 13.60 17.80 18.10 1,967 1,404 1,466 October .....: 16.20 18.20 15.60 3,899 2,921 3,410 November ....: 18.40 18.10 16.00 4,524 4,019 3,639 December ....: 17.30 18.10 15.70 4,104 4,435 3,636 January 3/ ..: 17.70 19.40 7,167 6,246 February ....: 16.00 18.50 3,265 2,549 March .......: 16.60 17.60 2,720 2,763 April .......: 17.40 17.30 3,114 3,201 May .........: 17.50 18.80 2,105 2,533 June ........: 17.30 18.30 2,022 2,514 July ........: 18.10 19.60 2,893 3,041 : MYA .........: 17.00 18.50 39,565 37,054 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2018 - November 2019. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2021 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2018-2019 through 2019-2020 [Marketing year for California: October - September. Marketing Year for Other States: August - July. Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : California : Other States Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018-2019 1/ : 2019-2020 1/ : 2018-2019 : 2019-2020 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars per cwt ------ ------ dollars per cwt ------ : August ......: 20.40 20.60 13.70 12.10 September ...: 20.00 21.20 12.60 12.20 October .....: 21.20 18.10 11.90 11.40 November ....: 21.30 17.70 11.90 11.50 December ....: 21.10 17.40 11.90 11.70 January 3/ ..: 21.50 12.30 February ....: 21.20 12.40 March .......: 21.00 12.50 April .......: 20.80 12.40 May .........: 21.30 12.60 June ........: 20.80 12.70 July ........: 21.00 13.30 August ......: 20.60 12.10 September ...: 21.20 12.20 : MYA .........: 21.10 12.30 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices include late reports and revised data for October 2018 - November 2019. 2/ Prices include late reports and revised data for August 2019 - November 2019. Final monthly prices and MYA price will be published in the October 2020 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Agricultural production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 98.0 100.1 102.9 104.2 107.9 105.7 100.4 102.8 98.2 89.5 92.5 90.1 99.2 2016 ..: 89.4 93.2 93.2 93.2 94.8 93.7 90.6 89.7 86.4 80.6 83.4 88.1 90.2 2017 ..: 86.0 91.1 94.3 96.2 99.7 98.2 95.5 94.1 92.5 87.8 91.4 91.9 93.5 2018 ..: 86.0 90.9 94.9 92.8 94.7 95.1 91.7 89.7 88.4 85.2 88.5 90.2 90.6 2019 ..: 85.2 89.3 91.9 92.9 91.9 92.5 89.9 90.6 87.0 84.7 88.8 89.5 89.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 83.7 86.2 87.4 90.3 91.9 90.5 88.1 89.0 88.2 80.5 83.0 84.5 87.0 2016 ..: 80.8 85.7 83.9 87.5 91.1 88.7 84.9 84.9 84.1 79.5 80.7 81.5 85.5 2017 ..: 77.3 85.1 86.0 91.7 90.0 87.1 86.8 88.8 89.9 82.8 81.9 84.6 86.5 2018 ..: 78.6 86.8 87.9 88.3 89.0 90.3 86.9 89.7 88.1 80.2 84.2 87.7 86.3 2019 ..: 77.3 83.6 85.7 84.6 83.9 87.8 86.7 87.4 86.7 81.2 82.6 83.3 84.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Grain and oilseed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 74.4 72.7 72.2 71.2 69.0 69.0 70.7 68.8 67.6 67.4 64.8 66.1 69.8 2016 ..: 66.0 64.7 64.3 65.5 67.9 67.8 62.6 60.8 61.9 65.6 62.5 63.8 64.0 2017 ..: 65.2 65.7 65.8 64.3 63.4 62.5 64.8 63.8 64.4 65.5 61.7 63.1 65.5 2018 ..: 64.8 66.4 68.4 69.6 69.5 67.8 65.7 65.4 65.0 64.8 62.3 64.6 65.4 2019 ..: 64.9 65.5 65.0 63.6 63.3 67.0 67.2 65.6 64.9 66.9 64.6 65.6 65.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Food grain :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 90.2 84.0 82.4 80.8 78.8 74.7 71.3 67.7 69.0 72.3 73.7 71.7 75.5 2016 ..: 73.8 70.2 68.2 68.0 68.9 60.4 53.3 54.0 55.7 59.5 62.5 60.9 59.3 2017 ..: 63.0 63.4 65.7 63.7 62.4 61.5 65.4 67.5 68.2 71.0 75.6 70.8 71.1 2018 ..: 74.1 75.3 76.8 79.2 79.7 72.9 69.8 75.2 73.6 75.9 78.3 76.9 74.2 2019 ..: 78.0 77.6 75.1 73.4 71.6 67.5 63.2 62.4 64.2 69.6 71.7 71.9 67.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed grain :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 64.2 64.2 64.3 63.1 61.1 60.7 64.5 64.7 62.9 61.7 60.2 61.5 62.7 2016 ..: 61.4 60.4 60.1 59.7 61.6 64.3 60.8 56.1 54.6 55.1 54.1 55.6 56.8 2017 ..: 56.9 57.9 58.7 57.4 57.7 57.6 59.0 56.8 55.5 54.7 52.8 54.3 57.2 2018 ..: 55.2 56.9 58.9 59.9 61.4 60.2 58.7 58.2 57.6 57.2 57.0 59.2 61.2 2019 ..: 59.4 60.3 60.5 59.0 60.6 66.5 69.7 66.6 63.7 63.9 61.2 61.7 62.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Oilseed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 82.2 79.4 79.0 77.8 77.3 77.2 80.2 77.7 72.4 70.4 69.3 70.0 76.0 2016 ..: 69.7 68.4 68.8 72.3 77.9 81.1 80.8 78.5 74.9 74.3 75.2 76.6 75.4 2017 ..: 77.4 78.5 77.3 74.7 74.3 72.8 75.4 74.3 75.2 73.5 73.6 74.4 75.3 2018 ..: 74.5 76.3 79.0 79.2 79.2 76.8 73.3 70.1 70.6 68.9 67.1 68.6 67.9 2019 ..: 69.4 68.9 68.6 66.9 65.3 67.5 67.8 67.2 67.0 68.9 68.7 69.6 68.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fruit and tree nut :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 135.0 134.5 137.2 135.1 145.4 144.7 136.1 132.1 132.4 134.6 142.2 133.5 138.6 2016 ..: 134.6 135.7 127.3 125.0 123.6 127.5 132.4 126.5 126.8 128.8 133.0 124.4 137.8 2017 ..: 120.3 120.8 120.1 115.5 127.7 129.3 132.1 132.5 136.9 133.8 134.1 132.7 130.5 2018 ..: 136.5 140.5 127.0 121.9 112.8 134.3 131.8 127.9 130.8 129.6 129.8 125.7 131.8 2019 ..: 122.4 115.2 118.1 111.1 104.8 114.7 122.3 124.9 129.4 128.5 129.1 120.9 125.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables & melons :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 110.5 83.2 91.3 101.3 98.6 107.6 103.9 106.2 113.4 109.6 131.3 139.6 108.8 2016 ..: 134.2 104.2 97.2 98.7 113.1 108.0 104.3 88.8 89.7 88.8 95.5 95.5 103.9 2017 ..: 101.1 119.0 124.8 158.7 112.4 108.7 103.0 96.0 106.0 119.1 108.2 113.2 113.7 2018 ..: 101.4 96.3 117.1 94.9 104.1 99.4 88.3 93.1 90.7 97.5 142.9 152.4 107.2 2019 ..: 117.9 123.3 144.4 115.4 105.7 127.5 119.6 104.8 101.1 122.7 141.1 132.5 122.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other crop :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 80.1 79.3 82.7 84.9 89.0 90.0 88.9 84.0 88.4 82.4 78.4 79.7 84.3 2016 ..: 76.7 75.1 74.9 76.6 77.9 79.5 81.3 82.1 82.0 79.7 78.2 79.2 80.1 2017 ..: 77.6 75.4 76.3 78.6 80.6 82.6 84.2 83.2 86.8 84.7 81.8 83.5 83.3 2018 ..: 83.0 79.8 80.8 82.8 87.2 91.6 92.7 92.6 96.3 91.9 89.3 90.5 90.3 2019 ..: 84.4 84.6 85.9 87.6 91.0 93.6 92.5 86.3 92.8 85.8 81.1 81.8 84.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Food commodity :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 109.4 108.0 111.1 111.5 116.6 114.2 107.0 110.3 104.4 95.2 102.0 96.8 107.3 2016 ..: 96.6 98.4 98.1 97.2 99.1 97.6 94.4 93.5 89.8 84.2 89.1 93.8 95.3 2017 ..: 93.3 96.3 100.0 101.3 105.8 104.2 100.9 99.0 97.3 93.7 100.7 99.2 99.6 2018 ..: 92.7 95.2 99.7 96.1 98.1 98.9 95.0 92.1 90.9 88.9 94.2 94.6 94.2 2019 ..: 92.4 93.8 97.2 97.5 96.0 95.8 92.0 93.6 89.3 88.4 96.5 95.7 94.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 120.2 113.9 117.2 116.5 121.9 121.0 115.2 117.2 109.4 104.3 105.4 97.2 113.4 2016 ..: 99.6 99.0 99.8 97.2 97.4 97.7 96.0 93.7 88.4 82.1 86.2 94.5 94.4 2017 ..: 96.5 95.9 100.5 99.5 106.7 107.1 103.9 98.5 94.9 94.2 101.8 99.3 99.9 2018 ..: 94.4 93.9 99.5 95.7 98.3 98.5 95.6 89.7 88.7 91.4 92.7 92.4 94.1 2019 ..: 97.2 94.7 97.5 100.1 98.8 97.0 93.5 93.7 87.3 90.3 97.0 97.0 95.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Meat animal :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 131.4 125.1 126.7 127.4 130.1 126.9 122.3 122.6 113.9 108.9 104.4 95.9 119.8 2016 ..: 102.8 106.1 108.6 105.7 106.0 104.8 100.2 97.2 88.9 82.4 83.6 88.4 97.9 2017 ..: 96.0 99.2 103.0 103.9 111.4 110.8 104.0 98.8 90.0 93.0 99.7 97.2 100.5 2018 ..: 99.3 103.4 101.8 96.3 99.2 96.1 94.5 90.5 88.7 93.1 93.1 93.1 95.8 2019 ..: 96.1 97.0 100.1 104.5 101.8 97.0 94.7 94.7 85.8 89.5 92.6 94.3 95.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cattle :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 147.7 142.3 144.4 146.0 143.2 138.7 132.9 132.5 125.0 117.7 117.1 108.6 133.2 2016 ..: 115.2 116.4 119.3 115.1 111.9 108.8 103.4 102.1 94.3 88.7 91.8 97.3 105.3 2017 ..: 102.2 103.7 109.0 111.7 118.4 114.8 104.7 100.1 94.0 98.5 106.2 104.4 105.5 2018 ..: 105.7 109.8 109.7 104.6 105.0 98.0 96.2 96.5 95.7 98.4 100.4 102.8 101.8 2019 ..: 106.3 107.8 110.3 109.7 104.3 99.4 97.6 96.7 90.4 94.7 99.7 103.3 101.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hog :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 86.3 75.8 75.6 73.7 88.6 90.1 88.3 88.7 82.0 83.5 69.0 64.4 80.5 2016 ..: 65.6 74.6 75.2 76.7 86.0 91.1 89.3 79.1 71.9 62.7 58.6 64.8 74.6 2017 ..: 72.3 81.8 79.7 72.8 80.6 93.4 101.2 92.5 73.5 71.1 75.2 73.1 80.6 2018 ..: 78.9 82.1 75.2 68.1 77.4 88.9 88.1 66.6 65.0 75.6 69.5 65.3 75.1 2019 ..: 67.1 65.3 69.9 89.3 93.7 89.5 85.1 88.0 71.7 73.8 72.2 71.1 78.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dairy :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 87.1 84.1 82.6 82.6 83.6 84.1 82.6 83.6 87.6 88.1 91.0 86.1 85.2 2016 ..: 80.1 78.1 76.1 75.1 72.1 73.6 80.1 85.6 86.6 83.1 88.6 94.0 81.1 2017 ..: 94.0 91.5 86.1 82.1 83.1 86.1 85.6 90.0 89.1 90.0 90.5 85.6 87.8 2018 ..: 80.6 76.1 77.6 78.6 80.6 81.1 77.1 80.1 84.1 87.1 85.6 82.6 80.9 2019 ..: 82.6 83.6 87.1 88.1 89.6 90.0 93.0 94.0 96.0 99.0 104.5 103.0 92.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 126.3 118.9 132.1 129.2 146.3 148.5 131.5 136.6 120.5 108.5 123.1 111.6 127.8 2016 ..: 112.8 104.8 104.9 102.8 107.0 109.1 102.7 92.7 89.0 79.9 90.5 110.3 100.4 2017 ..: 99.4 92.2 106.4 104.2 116.0 116.3 116.5 103.7 109.4 99.6 114.6 113.2 107.4 2018 ..: 109.7 110.5 138.8 129.2 131.6 137.1 130.0 104.1 96.7 95.5 105.0 108.8 115.5 2019 ..: 112.3 100.5 102.2 103.0 102.1 103.6 91.5 91.2 82.6 84.7 99.7 96.8 97.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares. Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Agricultural production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 1011 1033 1062 1075 1113 1091 1036 1061 1014 924 955 930 1024 2016 ..: 923 961 962 962 979 967 935 926 892 832 861 910 931 2017 ..: 887 940 974 993 1029 1013 986 971 955 906 944 949 964 2018 ..: 888 938 979 958 977 982 946 925 912 880 913 931 935 2019 ..: 879 921 949 958 949 954 927 935 898 874 916 923 925 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 730 752 762 788 802 789 769 776 769 702 723 737 759 2016 ..: 705 747 732 763 794 773 741 740 734 693 704 711 746 2017 ..: 674 742 750 800 785 759 757 774 784 722 714 738 755 2018 ..: 686 757 766 770 776 788 758 782 768 699 734 765 753 2019 ..: 674 729 747 738 732 766 756 763 756 708 721 726 737 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 1396 1323 1361 1353 1416 1405 1337 1361 1270 1211 1224 1129 1317 2016 ..: 1156 1149 1158 1129 1131 1134 1114 1088 1027 953 1001 1098 1096 2017 ..: 1121 1114 1167 1155 1239 1244 1206 1144 1101 1094 1182 1153 1160 2018 ..: 1096 1090 1156 1111 1141 1144 1110 1041 1030 1061 1076 1073 1093 2019 ..: 1129 1100 1133 1162 1147 1126 1085 1088 1014 1048 1126 1126 1108 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: After the Council on Food, Agricultural and Resource Economics (C-FARE) 2009 program review which included changes in farm production practices, plans were implemented to make necessary program improvements in the agricultural price program. The index group structure for prices received was modified to maintain a more universal structure and consistency with the required 1910-1914 series. Modifications implemented January 2014 include the following: updated the current 1990-1992 base reference period to 2011; linked the 1910-1914 series to the updated base reference period, 2011; created index groups used universally by researchers, data users, and policymakers; and re-classified agricultural commodities into the index groups. Also the modifications expanded the commodity coverage for vegetable, melon, non-citrus, and tree nuts; updated monthly market weights; and adjusted (normalized) current five year moving average cash receipts and farm input cost weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. December Prices Paid by Farmers The December Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 110.5, is up 0.1 percent from November 2019 and up 0.4 percent from December 2018. Production: The December index, at 106.7, is up 0.2 percent from November but 0.6 percent lower than last year. Higher prices for self-propelled machinery, feeder pigs, complete feeds, and concentrates more than offset lower prices for nitrogen, feeder cattle, LP gas, and other services. Feed: At 102.3, the December index increased 0.3 percent from November and 1.4 percent from last December. Since November, higher prices for complete feeds, concentrates, and feed grains more than offset lower prices for hay and forages and supplements. Livestock and poultry: The December index, at 102.6, increased 1.0 percent from November but decreased 3.1 percent from last year. Since November, higher prices for feeder pigs more than offset lower prices for feeder cattle. The December feeder cattle price, at $143.00 per cwt, is unchanged from the November price. December feeder pigs averaged $136.00 per cwt, up $23.00 per cwt from November. Fertilizer: The index for December, at 62.4, is down 1.6 percent from November and 10.2 percent from December a year ago. Since November, lower prices for nitrogen and potash and phosphate more than offset higher prices for mixed fertilizer. Chemicals: The December index, at 97.7, is unchanged from November but down 4.1 percent from last December. Fuels: At 68.1, the December index is down 1.6 percent from November and 1.4 percent from December 2018. Compared with November, prices are lower for LP gas, gasoline, and diesel. Machinery: The index for December, at 128.1, increased 1.8 percent from November and 3.2 percent from last December. Compared with last month, prices are higher for self-propelled machinery and other machinery. Consumer Price Index: The December 2019 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 2.3 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 256.974 (1982- 1984=100). For the month, the index decreased 0.1 percent prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : December : November : December : December : November : December Ratios : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 2979 2987 2991 110.1 110.4 110.5 Production ....................: 2234 2216 2221 107.3 106.5 106.7 Feed ........................: 1112 1124 1127 100.9 102.0 102.3 Livestock and poultry .......: 2091 2006 2025 105.9 101.6 102.6 Seeds .......................: 3885 3800 3800 118.2 115.6 115.6 Fertilizer ..................: 836 763 751 69.5 63.4 62.4 Chemicals ...................: 915 878 878 101.9 97.7 97.7 Fuels .......................: 1932 1937 1906 69.1 69.2 68.1 Supplies and repairs ........: 1341 1356 1356 113.7 114.9 115.0 : Autos and trucks ............: 3235 3230 3244 105.2 105.1 105.5 Machinery ...................: 7581 7689 7828 124.1 125.8 128.1 Building materials ..........: 2730 2736 2742 117.3 117.6 117.9 Services and rent ...........: 2479 2495 2494 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 114.9 116.1 116.0 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 119.5 119.5 119.5 : Interest 1/ ...................: 4288 4422 4422 117.6 121.3 121.3 Taxes 2/ ......................: 6952 7119 7119 117.1 120.0 120.0 Wage rates ....................: 9260 9612 9612 129.3 134.2 134.2 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2387 2443 2441 111.7 114.4 114.3 : Production, interest, taxes, ....: and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3096 3094 3100 109.8 109.7 109.9 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 82 81 80 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 31 31 31 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 32 32 32 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1651 1699 1699 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 111.3 111.5 111.6 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108.7 109.1 109.4 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 105.8 104.6 105.1 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 108.2 107.5 107.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : :December :November :December : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 73.5 73.2 107.3 106.5 106.7 : Feed ......................: 13.3 12.8 100.9 102.0 102.3 Feed grains .............: 1.9 1.8 59.6 61.7 62.1 Complete feeds ..........: 6.5 6.3 104.9 108.0 108.3 Hay and forages .........: 1.6 1.6 109.8 104.8 104.2 Concentrates ............: 2.1 2.0 110.9 110.5 111.3 Supplements .............: 1.2 1.1 115.8 116.2 115.8 Livestock and poultry .....: 8.2 8.8 105.9 101.6 102.6 Feeder cattle ...........: 6.4 6.8 106.6 104.5 104.1 Feeder pigs .............: 0.6 0.7 120.0 80.7 97.1 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.7 0.7 86.6 92.3 92.3 Poultry .................: 0.5 0.5 104.3 104.3 104.3 : Seeds .....................: 5.3 5.4 118.2 115.6 115.6 Field crops .............: 4.8 4.9 116.9 114.0 114.0 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.5 0.5 131.0 131.8 131.8 Fertilizer ................: 5.2 5.0 69.5 63.4 62.4 Mixed fertilizer ........: 2.3 2.2 70.6 66.9 67.0 Nitrogen ................: 2.2 2.1 69.3 64.2 62.2 Potash and phosphate ....: 0.7 0.7 66.3 49.9 48.5 Chemicals .................: 3.6 3.6 101.9 97.7 97.7 Herbicides ..............: 2.3 2.2 102.5 98.3 98.3 Insecticides ............: 0.8 0.8 102.2 97.8 97.8 Fungicides and other ....: 0.5 0.5 98.5 95.1 95.1 : Fuels .....................: 2.4 2.8 69.1 69.2 68.1 Diesel ..................: 1.5 1.8 69.7 70.6 70.3 Gasoline ................: 0.5 0.6 65.1 73.4 72.1 LP gas ..................: 0.4 0.5 71.6 59.0 55.2 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.6 4.6 113.7 114.9 115.0 Supplies ................: 1.6 1.5 113.5 115.9 116.2 Repairs .................: 3.0 3.1 113.8 114.4 114.4 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.3 1.3 105.2 105.1 105.5 Autos ...................: 0.2 0.2 99.9 99.8 100.1 Trucks ..................: 1.1 1.1 106.0 105.9 106.4 : Machinery .................: 5.6 5.3 124.1 125.8 128.1 Tractors ................: 1.2 1.2 111.0 109.3 109.3 Self-propelled ..........: 2.3 2.1 129.9 131.5 137.0 Other machinery .........: 2.1 2.0 125.5 129.4 129.6 Building materials ........: 4.0 4.1 117.3 117.6 117.9 Services ..................: 12.1 11.7 114.9 116.1 116.0 Custom rates ............: 1.3 1.2 113.3 118.4 118.4 Other services ..........: 10.8 10.5 115.1 115.9 115.8 Rent ......................: 7.9 7.8 119.5 119.5 119.5 Cash ....................: 4.2 4.2 126.1 126.1 126.1 Share ...................: 3.7 3.6 111.8 111.8 111.8 : Interest ....................: 2.4 2.6 117.6 121.3 121.3 Taxes .......................: 3.3 3.2 117.1 120.0 120.0 Wage rates ..................: 7.1 7.2 129.3 134.2 134.2 Family living-CPI ...........: 13.7 13.9 111.7 114.4 114.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ :December 2018 :November 2019 :December 2019 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 5.3 4.1 4.5 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 11.8 13.2 8.3 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 12.3 13.0 12.7 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.07 2.61 2.55 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 33.6 31.3 32.3 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 5.5 7.5 6.9 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :December 2018 :November 2019 :December 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.510 0.403 0.450 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 0.980 1.12 0.714 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 43.40 48.00 47.30 Milk, all .......................cwt: 16.60 21.00 20.70 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 119.00 115.00 120.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.498 0.671 0.624 : Corn .........................bushel: 3.54 3.68 3.71 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 179.00 173.00 175.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 8.56 8.59 8.70 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 5.28 4.39 4.64 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2019 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :December 2018 :November 2019 :December 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 146.00 143.00 143.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 168.00 113.00 136.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: 2014-2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : 2014 : 2015 : 2016 : 2017 : 2018 : 2019 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Feeders and stockers : Cattle and calves .......cwt:215.00 214.00 144.00 146.00 148.00 141.00 Feeder pigs .............cwt:254.00 135.00 126.00 141.00 132.00 150.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2018 and 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Survey average rates 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : Animal unit 2/ : Cow-calf : Per head :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 : 2018 : 2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per month : Arizona .........: 10.00 9.50 (S) (S) (S) (S) California ......: 22.40 21.40 29.00 25.00 21.00 18.50 Colorado ........: 19.50 18.50 23.00 22.50 18.50 19.50 Idaho ...........: 18.00 18.00 22.50 21.00 19.00 19.00 Kansas ..........: 21.00 18.50 27.00 22.00 22.00 24.00 Montana .........: 24.50 24.50 26.00 26.00 24.50 24.00 Nebraska ........: 46.00 40.70 52.00 46.30 35.00 44.00 Nevada ..........: 9.50 10.00 (S) (S) 15.20 12.00 New Mexico ......: 16.00 16.00 (S) (S) 16.50 16.50 North Dakota ....: 24.50 18.00 32.00 21.00 19.00 20.00 : Oklahoma ........: 12.50 11.50 (S) 11.50 13.00 13.20 Oregon ..........: 17.50 18.50 21.00 21.50 21.50 19.50 South Dakota ....: 31.50 29.50 40.50 36.50 34.00 35.00 Texas ...........: 12.50 12.50 (S) 16.00 14.50 15.50 Utah ............: 17.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 18.50 18.50 Washington ......: 14.50 14.50 16.50 17.50 16.00 17.00 Wyoming .........: 22.00 22.50 24.00 24.50 23.00 23.00 : 17-State 3/ .....: 21.30 19.90 25.20 23.30 21.00 22.30 16-State 4/ .....: 24.00 22.20 28.40 25.60 23.00 24.50 11-State 5/ .....: 19.70 19.60 22.80 22.40 20.50 19.90 9-State 6/ ......: 21.70 19.90 25.70 23.50 21.00 23.00 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ The average rates are estimates based on survey indications of monthly lease rates for private, non-irrigated grazing land from the January Cattle Survey. 2/ Animal unit (AUM) rate includes survey rates for both animal unit and cow-calf. The rate is converted to an AUM rate using a multiplier factor of 0.833. The multiplier factor is the conversion of a 1,200 pound cow to a 1,000 pound cow. 3/ 17 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 4/ 16 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 5/ 11 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 6/ 9 Great Plains States: Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 112.2 111.8 112.2 112.0 111.8 111.9 111.5 110.8 109.5 109.5 108.4 106.8 110.7 2016 ..: 107.5 107.1 107.2 106.8 107.0 107.3 106.2 105.6 104.2 103.6 103.9 104.7 105.9 2017 ..: 106.0 106.5 106.7 106.8 106.9 106.7 106.5 105.8 106.2 106.8 107.1 107.4 106.6 2018 ..: 108.2 108.9 108.9 108.6 109.1 108.9 109.0 109.2 109.2 109.8 109.8 110.1 109.1 2019 ..: 110.9 111.0 111.1 111.7 111.1 110.6 110.7 109.9 109.6 110.1 110.4 110.5 110.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 113.6 113.0 113.4 113.1 112.7 112.9 112.4 111.6 110.1 110.1 108.8 107.0 111.6 2016 ..: 107.8 107.3 107.4 106.9 107.0 107.3 106.1 105.3 103.8 103.0 103.4 104.3 105.8 2017 ..: 105.7 106.2 106.4 106.5 106.6 106.4 106.2 105.3 105.6 106.4 106.7 107.1 106.3 2018 ..: 107.9 108.6 108.6 108.2 108.6 108.4 108.5 108.7 108.7 109.3 109.5 109.8 108.7 2019 ..: 110.7 110.8 110.8 111.3 110.7 110.0 110.2 109.2 108.9 109.4 109.7 109.9 110.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 114.3 113.6 114.1 113.9 113.6 113.7 113.0 112.1 110.4 110.1 108.6 106.5 112.0 2016 ..: 107.1 106.5 106.6 106.1 106.2 106.6 105.0 104.1 102.3 101.2 101.7 102.7 104.7 2017 ..: 103.9 104.4 104.6 104.9 105.0 104.7 104.5 103.5 103.9 104.6 105.0 105.4 104.5 2018 ..: 105.4 106.3 106.3 106.1 106.6 106.3 106.0 106.2 106.2 106.8 107.0 107.3 106.4 2019 ..: 107.7 107.8 107.8 108.6 107.8 107.1 107.1 105.9 105.5 106.1 106.5 106.7 107.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 109.4 108.7 108.5 106.3 104.5 105.1 107.3 107.4 105.9 105.0 103.0 101.5 106.1 2016 ..: 100.9 100.4 100.5 100.4 104.8 109.3 106.5 102.6 99.3 97.5 96.8 98.0 101.4 2017 ..: 96.3 97.3 97.2 96.6 95.9 94.5 95.0 93.5 92.7 93.2 92.3 93.4 94.8 2018 ..: 94.2 97.9 99.2 101.2 103.5 102.1 100.9 101.3 98.9 99.0 99.1 100.9 99.9 2019 ..: 101.8 102.1 102.7 103.1 103.2 104.2 103.5 102.4 101.7 102.0 102.0 102.3 102.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock & poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 160.5 151.9 156.6 159.3 158.9 159.3 152.2 147.4 135.6 137.5 129.9 116.0 147.1 2016 ..: 119.8 119.4 120.8 115.5 109.4 104.7 99.7 101.1 93.4 87.7 93.0 97.5 105.2 2017 ..: 102.0 101.2 103.3 105.4 108.1 108.3 107.7 102.9 106.0 111.7 113.8 113.9 107.0 2018 ..: 112.9 113.9 110.3 104.6 103.1 101.5 100.6 100.6 103.8 107.4 105.1 105.9 105.8 2019 ..: 106.0 104.9 105.7 111.5 104.9 97.2 98.0 95.2 95.0 99.4 101.6 102.6 101.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 124.7 124.7 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 124.6 2016 ..: 124.6 124.6 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 120.8 121.4 2017 ..: 120.8 120.8 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.7 119.9 2018 ..: 119.7 119.7 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.5 2019 ..: 118.2 118.2 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.6 116.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 90.2 90.5 90.0 90.4 90.7 90.3 86.4 85.3 85.4 83.2 81.9 82.2 87.2 2016 ..: 80.0 76.2 75.5 76.4 75.8 74.8 70.4 67.6 66.4 66.0 66.6 65.7 71.8 2017 ..: 66.2 68.3 69.5 70.5 69.6 68.3 66.1 63.6 62.3 62.5 63.4 64.3 66.2 2018 ..: 64.4 66.1 66.2 66.1 66.4 66.0 65.6 65.6 66.5 68.1 69.3 69.5 66.7 2019 ..: 69.8 70.6 70.1 69.6 68.9 67.9 66.0 64.7 63.5 63.4 63.4 62.4 66.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Chemicals :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 99.3 106.4 106.3 106.5 106.5 106.7 107.4 107.6 107.7 108.1 107.8 108.2 106.5 2016 ..: 108.5 108.6 108.8 108.8 108.9 109.0 110.1 108.2 106.2 106.3 104.9 104.1 107.7 2017 ..: 102.6 108.7 108.8 107.6 103.3 104.5 101.7 100.8 101.5 100.8 102.7 105.2 104.0 2018 ..: 103.3 103.2 106.9 103.7 101.9 101.3 97.9 98.6 94.4 93.1 102.2 101.9 100.7 2019 ..: 103.4 102.9 102.3 102.1 102.1 103.8 105.3 97.9 95.2 95.9 97.7 97.7 100.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fuels :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 66.8 67.6 68.7 67.1 67.9 66.1 65.4 60.9 60.0 59.7 57.7 53.7 63.5 2016 ..: 49.6 47.5 51.7 53.3 57.6 59.2 57.4 55.4 57.1 59.5 58.0 61.2 55.6 2017 ..: 64.7 64.3 60.9 61.9 60.7 58.2 58.3 61.4 66.9 66.4 68.2 66.7 63.2 2018 ..: 66.8 65.4 63.4 67.0 71.5 72.1 73.4 74.7 77.5 78.3 73.5 69.1 71.1 2019 ..: 67.0 68.4 71.4 73.1 72.8 68.6 68.8 66.0 66.9 68.0 69.2 68.1 69.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies & repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 106.4 106.3 106.3 106.0 105.9 105.9 105.5 105.5 105.4 105.4 105.5 105.5 105.8 2016 ..: 105.7 105.5 105.5 105.6 105.4 105.4 105.9 106.5 106.4 106.7 106.8 106.8 106.0 2017 ..: 106.7 106.7 106.7 107.5 107.7 107.9 108.3 108.3 108.4 108.6 108.6 108.8 107.9 2018 ..: 109.1 109.1 109.3 110.4 110.9 111.2 112.0 112.9 113.3 113.7 113.6 113.7 111.6 2019 ..: 114.2 114.2 114.3 114.4 114.5 114.5 115.1 115.0 115.0 114.9 114.9 115.0 114.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos & trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 104.9 105.4 105.7 106.0 106.0 106.0 105.6 105.3 105.2 105.2 105.5 105.5 105.5 2016 ..: 105.9 106.5 106.6 106.4 106.3 106.0 105.9 105.6 105.5 105.8 105.8 106.1 106.0 2017 ..: 107.1 107.1 106.8 106.9 106.7 106.2 105.6 105.3 104.9 104.8 105.0 105.8 106.0 2018 ..: 106.1 105.9 105.9 105.5 105.6 105.7 105.6 105.4 105.0 104.9 105.0 105.2 105.5 2019 ..: 105.9 106.2 106.6 106.6 106.5 106.2 105.9 105.5 105.1 105.0 105.1 105.5 105.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 114.3 114.9 115.1 115.1 114.9 114.6 114.5 114.3 114.1 114.3 114.6 114.4 114.6 2016 ..: 114.4 114.6 114.4 114.6 114.7 115.0 115.3 115.6 115.8 116.5 116.8 117.0 115.4 2017 ..: 117.4 117.6 117.8 117.7 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.5 117.7 117.7 117.9 117.9 117.7 2018 ..: 118.2 117.8 117.9 118.1 118.6 118.8 119.8 120.0 120.7 122.0 123.4 124.1 120.0 2019 ..: 124.5 125.0 125.0 125.1 124.8 125.8 125.8 125.9 125.9 125.9 125.8 128.1 125.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Building materials :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 107.6 107.6 107.6 107.8 107.7 107.6 107.5 107.1 106.9 107.0 107.0 106.8 107.4 2016 ..: 106.9 106.9 107.0 107.3 107.5 107.7 107.9 108.2 108.1 107.9 107.9 108.1 107.6 2017 ..: 108.8 109.3 109.6 110.2 110.2 110.3 110.3 110.7 110.9 111.4 111.6 111.7 110.4 2018 ..: 112.6 113.3 114.8 115.3 116.6 117.0 117.2 117.1 117.3 117.3 117.1 117.3 116.1 2019 ..: 117.8 118.2 118.0 118.4 118.3 118.0 118.6 118.1 118.0 118.0 117.6 117.9 118.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Services 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 113.6 113.5 113.2 113.4 113.5 114.5 114.4 114.3 114.2 113.3 113.1 112.9 113.7 2016 ..: 115.2 115.2 115.2 115.4 115.2 116.1 116.2 116.2 116.1 115.5 115.2 115.6 115.6 2017 ..: 111.6 111.7 111.5 111.7 112.1 112.9 113.2 113.2 113.3 112.5 112.4 112.6 112.4 2018 ..: 113.5 113.6 113.8 113.8 114.3 114.9 115.1 115.2 115.3 115.1 114.8 114.9 114.5 2019 ..: 116.4 116.6 116.3 116.3 116.6 117.4 117.4 117.1 116.7 116.2 116.1 116.0 116.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Rent 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 130.3 2016 ..: 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 2017 ..: 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 123.8 2018 ..: 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 2019 ..: 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 119.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Ratio (paid/received) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 88 89 92 93 96 95 90 93 89 82 86 84 90 2016 ..: 83 87 87 87 89 88 86 85 83 78 80 84 85 2017 ..: 81 86 88 90 93 92 90 89 88 82 85 86 87 2018 ..: 80 83 87 85 87 87 84 83 81 77 80 82 83 2019 ..: 77 80 83 83 83 83 81 83 79 77 81 80 81 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Interest :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 98.4 2016 ..: 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 103.9 2017 ..: 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 2018 ..: 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 117.6 2019 ..: 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 121.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Taxes :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 109.9 2016 ..: 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 2017 ..: 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 116.3 2018 ..: 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 117.1 2019 ..: 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Wage rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 112.0 112.0 112.0 109.7 109.7 109.7 111.4 111.4 111.4 114.6 114.6 114.6 111.9 2016 ..: 114.7 114.7 114.7 113.9 113.9 113.9 116.4 116.4 116.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 115.9 2017 ..: 120.0 120.0 120.0 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.2 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.1 2018 ..: 125.8 125.8 125.8 122.6 122.6 122.6 127.6 127.6 127.6 129.3 129.3 129.3 126.3 2019 ..: 133.7 133.7 133.7 131.5 131.5 131.5 133.2 133.2 133.2 134.2 134.2 134.2 133.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Family living :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 103.9 104.4 105.0 105.2 105.7 106.1 106.1 106.0 105.8 105.8 105.5 105.2 105.4 2016 ..: 105.3 105.4 105.9 106.4 106.8 107.2 107.0 107.1 107.3 107.5 107.3 107.4 106.7 2017 ..: 108.0 108.3 108.4 108.7 108.8 108.9 108.8 109.2 109.7 109.7 109.7 109.6 109.0 2018 ..: 110.2 110.7 111.0 111.4 111.9 112.0 112.1 112.1 112.2 112.4 112.1 111.7 111.7 2019 ..: 111.9 112.4 113.0 113.6 113.9 113.9 114.1 114.1 114.2 114.4 114.4 114.3 113.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production items with farm origin 3/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 126.8 123.9 125.2 124.7 123.6 124.1 123.2 121.9 117.7 117.8 114.5 109.7 121.1 2016 ..: 111.5 111.1 111.0 109.1 109.0 109.6 106.5 105.1 100.8 97.9 99.4 101.6 106.1 2017 ..: 102.6 102.8 103.4 103.8 104.5 103.9 103.9 101.5 102.2 104.5 104.8 105.4 103.6 2018 ..: 104.9 107.1 106.3 105.6 106.3 105.1 104.2 104.4 104.2 105.3 104.7 105.8 105.3 2019 ..: 106.4 106.3 106.3 108.4 106.2 104.2 104.1 102.7 102.3 103.9 104.6 105.1 105.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production items with non-farm origin 4/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 106.5 107.2 107.1 107.1 107.2 107.2 106.5 105.9 105.8 105.3 104.9 104.6 106.3 2016 ..: 104.2 103.5 103.7 104.1 104.3 104.6 104.1 103.5 103.3 103.4 103.2 103.5 103.8 2017 ..: 104.6 105.4 105.4 105.7 105.3 105.3 104.9 104.7 104.9 104.7 105.1 105.4 105.1 2018 ..: 105.7 105.9 106.3 106.3 106.8 107.0 107.0 107.3 107.3 107.6 108.3 108.2 107.0 2019 ..: 108.4 108.7 108.7 108.8 108.7 108.8 108.8 107.8 107.4 107.4 107.5 107.6 108.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop sector (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 109.4 109.8 109.9 109.7 109.8 109.8 109.5 109.0 108.6 108.6 108.1 107.6 109.2 2016 ..: 107.6 107.1 107.0 107.1 107.2 107.3 106.9 106.5 106.1 106.2 106.1 106.4 106.8 2017 ..: 107.8 108.4 108.4 108.5 108.2 108.2 107.9 107.6 107.8 108.0 108.3 108.5 108.1 2018 ..: 109.5 109.7 109.8 109.5 109.8 109.9 110.3 110.4 110.4 110.8 111.3 111.3 110.2 2019 ..: 112.2 112.4 112.2 112.2 112.1 112.1 112.3 111.5 111.2 111.4 111.5 111.6 111.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock Sector (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2015 ..: 115.3 114.0 114.7 114.4 113.9 114.2 113.7 112.8 110.5 110.6 108.7 105.9 112.4 2016 ..: 107.4 107.1 107.5 106.6 106.8 107.3 105.5 104.6 102.3 100.8 101.6 102.9 105.0 2017 ..: 104.2 104.4 104.8 105.1 105.4 105.1 105.1 103.9 104.4 105.7 105.9 106.3 105.0 2018 ..: 106.8 108.0 107.9 107.6 108.2 107.7 107.6 107.8 107.7 108.5 108.2 108.7 107.9 2019 ..: 109.5 109.6 110.0 111.1 110.0 108.9 109.0 108.1 107.8 108.7 109.1 109.4 109.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures 2/ For the 2011=100 base period, the Services & Rent Index is separated. 3/ Feed, livestock & poultry purchases, and seed. 4/ Fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuels, supplies & repairs, autos & trucks, machinery, building materials, and services & rent. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed grains :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 65.8 66.3 66.4 65.4 63.5 63.2 65.7 64.4 63.7 62.4 60.7 61.6 64.1 2016 ..: 61.2 60.2 60.1 59.5 61.7 64.3 60.7 54.5 53.7 54.8 54.1 55.5 58.4 2017 ..: 56.6 57.5 58.0 57.1 58.0 58.0 59.8 56.2 55.8 55.3 53.9 55.1 56.8 2018 ..: 56.5 57.8 59.5 60.7 62.2 62.0 59.9 57.9 58.1 57.8 57.7 59.6 59.1 2019 ..: 59.9 60.7 60.9 59.4 61.2 67.0 70.0 65.3 63.5 63.9 61.7 62.1 63.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Complete feeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 119.0 117.2 116.3 115.2 113.6 112.3 113.9 115.4 114.5 113.5 112.2 111.2 114.5 2016 ..: 110.7 110.5 110.4 109.4 110.8 114.8 114.6 112.7 109.5 107.3 105.7 104.9 110.1 2017 ..: 104.3 104.5 104.5 103.9 103.1 102.4 102.2 101.5 100.9 101.0 100.8 102.1 102.6 2018 ..: 103.7 105.0 105.6 106.1 107.9 107.9 106.0 106.1 104.4 103.7 104.0 104.9 105.4 2019 ..: 106.2 106.0 106.3 106.6 105.9 107.0 107.8 107.9 107.8 108.0 108.0 108.3 107.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hay & forages :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 98.9 100.7 104.3 106.4 106.8 101.4 99.0 91.9 92.8 93.3 91.5 92.2 98.3 2016 ..: 89.3 89.5 89.3 94.2 89.2 86.1 84.1 85.4 84.1 85.3 84.2 82.2 86.9 2017 ..: 82.1 83.5 87.8 94.7 94.6 93.3 92.3 89.6 89.0 91.9 90.6 90.9 90.0 2018 ..: 93.2 93.9 97.8 104.1 106.9 103.8 104.0 104.9 106.2 105.8 106.0 109.8 103.0 2019 ..: 111.0 112.4 114.8 120.3 120.5 114.7 108.0 103.7 102.1 103.4 104.8 104.2 110.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Concentrates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 122.2 120.8 120.6 112.0 109.2 118.8 127.9 127.8 120.7 118.8 112.2 105.2 118.0 2016 ..: 106.3 104.6 106.8 106.5 131.7 147.2 136.0 122.7 114.8 108.7 109.7 119.8 117.9 2017 ..: 108.1 113.5 109.5 103.1 102.5 96.6 99.2 98.4 96.3 96.2 93.1 93.7 100.9 2018 ..: 89.8 107.4 109.0 113.9 118.9 115.0 115.0 117.4 106.3 109.9 108.7 110.9 110.2 2019 ..: 111.6 113.1 113.8 113.3 112.8 114.3 110.8 112.3 110.7 110.9 110.5 111.3 112.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplements :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 119.6 119.7 118.1 112.8 108.9 113.5 112.9 118.0 119.2 119.3 120.6 119.9 116.9 2016 ..: 118.9 118.8 116.1 115.4 115.2 117.4 114.6 113.9 111.1 110.4 111.8 113.0 114.7 2017 ..: 115.9 112.3 112.7 111.6 108.2 108.1 108.8 107.3 106.3 108.3 108.9 111.6 110.0 2018 ..: 112.4 113.1 112.7 113.2 113.7 110.0 109.5 112.3 111.3 110.9 112.5 115.8 112.3 2019 ..: 114.6 114.3 114.3 112.6 114.8 115.8 114.6 113.2 113.1 112.8 116.2 115.8 114.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feeder Cattle :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 168.9 159.7 165.9 170.4 170.1 173.5 165.6 159.9 143.7 145.5 136.0 117.2 156.4 2016 ..: 120.0 118.0 119.3 112.9 107.2 103.7 100.5 103.6 93.8 88.2 92.9 95.9 104.7 2017 ..: 98.2 96.2 98.4 103.7 108.4 109.2 108.4 104.4 108.7 114.7 115.5 112.6 106.5 2018 ..: 110.8 111.6 108.0 104.2 103.9 104.8 106.6 107.7 110.4 113.4 109.7 106.6 108.1 2019 ..: 106.8 105.8 105.8 108.9 102.8 97.4 99.7 98.5 97.8 102.2 104.5 104.1 102.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feeder pigs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 142.9 125.0 122.9 115.0 112.1 84.3 67.9 62.9 73.6 83.6 80.7 90.0 96.7 2016 ..: 119.3 134.3 139.3 134.3 114.3 90.0 65.0 52.1 51.4 38.6 57.9 85.7 90.2 2017 ..: 119.3 128.6 133.6 106.4 95.0 90.0 90.7 70.7 66.4 80.7 100.0 129.3 100.9 2018 ..: 145.7 150.0 140.7 117.9 102.1 72.9 47.9 35.7 50.0 71.4 79.3 120.0 94.5 2019 ..: 125.0 121.4 132.1 173.6 150.7 106.4 87.9 65.0 69.3 75.7 80.7 97.1 107.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cow replacements :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 140.1 140.1 140.1 138.7 138.7 138.7 143.0 143.0 143.0 139.4 139.4 139.4 140.3 2016 ..: 128.9 128.9 128.9 128.9 128.9 128.9 121.8 121.8 121.8 119.0 119.0 119.0 124.7 2017 ..: 114.1 114.1 114.1 115.5 115.5 115.5 114.1 114.1 114.1 113.4 113.4 113.4 114.3 2018 ..: 107.0 107.0 107.0 95.8 95.8 95.8 93.0 93.0 93.0 86.6 86.6 86.6 95.6 2019 ..: 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 80.3 86.6 86.6 86.6 92.3 92.3 92.3 84.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 2016 ..: 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 105.6 2017 ..: 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 111.9 2018 ..: 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 2019 ..: 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 104.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crop seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 125.0 125.0 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 2016 ..: 125.1 125.1 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 120.4 121.2 2017 ..: 120.4 120.4 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.2 119.4 2018 ..: 119.2 119.2 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 116.9 117.3 2019 ..: 116.9 116.9 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.0 114.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Grass & legume seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 122.5 122.5 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.9 119.9 120.3 2016 ..: 119.9 119.9 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 123.3 2017 ..: 124.0 124.0 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 125.1 124.9 2018 ..: 125.1 125.1 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 131.0 130.0 2019 ..: 131.0 131.0 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.8 131.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Mixed fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 86.1 85.8 86.2 85.6 86.1 85.7 84.4 84.2 83.8 82.3 81.7 80.7 84.4 2016 ..: 77.8 75.8 74.8 74.7 75.0 74.3 71.3 70.3 69.2 68.3 68.9 67.4 72.3 2017 ..: 67.5 67.8 67.1 67.6 67.1 65.9 66.1 66.6 65.9 65.8 65.4 65.5 66.5 2018 ..: 65.5 66.0 66.4 66.3 67.7 67.4 68.1 68.2 69.1 69.8 70.7 70.6 68.0 2019 ..: 71.8 71.4 71.1 71.6 70.5 70.4 68.6 68.2 67.9 67.4 66.9 67.0 69.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Nitrogen :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 96.1 96.0 94.2 95.3 96.3 95.6 90.0 87.6 88.3 85.0 83.2 85.6 91.1 2016 ..: 83.5 78.1 77.0 78.7 77.2 75.8 70.4 65.1 63.3 63.0 63.7 63.8 71.6 2017 ..: 64.4 69.1 72.0 73.5 72.1 71.1 67.1 61.3 59.3 60.1 62.8 65.1 66.5 2018 ..: 64.8 67.9 67.6 67.5 66.8 65.8 63.9 64.0 64.6 67.1 68.8 69.3 66.5 2019 ..: 69.2 71.6 70.8 70.2 69.9 68.3 66.9 64.3 62.3 63.3 64.2 62.2 66.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Potash & phosphate :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 85.5 88.9 89.5 90.7 88.7 88.8 82.0 82.1 82.1 80.7 78.6 77.0 84.6 2016 ..: 76.5 71.8 73.0 74.4 73.9 73.5 67.2 66.8 67.1 67.8 67.7 66.2 70.5 2017 ..: 67.2 67.5 69.4 70.7 69.8 67.1 63.4 61.1 60.4 59.3 59.1 58.3 64.4 2018 ..: 59.7 61.1 61.6 61.6 61.3 62.1 63.0 62.3 64.2 65.8 66.1 66.3 62.9 2019 ..: 65.6 64.9 65.1 61.7 60.8 59.0 55.2 55.1 53.7 50.9 49.9 48.5 57.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Herbicides :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 99.6 106.7 106.7 107.0 107.1 107.4 108.3 108.6 108.9 109.4 109.2 109.7 107.4 2016 ..: 110.2 110.4 110.7 110.8 110.9 111.1 112.2 110.3 108.3 108.4 107.0 106.3 109.7 2017 ..: 104.9 111.1 111.3 110.1 105.7 106.9 104.0 103.1 103.8 103.0 105.0 107.5 106.4 2018 ..: 105.5 105.4 109.2 104.4 102.6 102.0 98.5 99.2 95.0 93.7 102.8 102.5 101.7 2019 ..: 104.0 103.5 102.9 102.6 102.7 104.4 105.9 98.4 95.7 96.5 98.3 98.3 101.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Insecticides :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 100.4 107.3 107.0 107.2 107.1 107.3 107.9 108.1 108.2 108.5 108.2 108.6 107.2 2016 ..: 108.9 108.9 109.1 109.0 109.0 109.1 110.1 108.0 105.9 105.9 104.4 103.6 107.7 2017 ..: 102.1 108.1 108.1 106.8 102.5 103.6 100.7 99.8 100.4 99.6 101.5 103.8 103.1 2018 ..: 101.8 101.7 105.2 104.9 103.0 102.3 98.7 99.3 95.1 93.6 102.7 102.2 100.9 2019 ..: 103.7 103.1 102.3 102.1 102.2 103.9 105.4 97.9 95.2 96.0 97.8 97.8 100.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fungicides & other :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 96.1 103.2 103.4 103.0 102.6 102.2 102.4 102.1 101.8 101.6 100.9 100.7 101.7 2016 ..: 100.6 100.2 99.9 99.8 99.8 99.9 100.8 99.0 97.0 97.1 95.7 94.9 98.7 2017 ..: 93.6 99.1 99.1 97.6 93.9 95.2 92.8 92.2 93.0 92.5 94.6 97.0 95.1 2018 ..: 95.5 95.6 99.3 98.7 97.2 96.8 93.7 94.5 90.8 89.7 98.6 98.5 95.7 2019 ..: 100.2 100.0 99.5 99.3 99.4 101.1 102.5 95.3 92.6 93.4 95.1 95.1 97.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Diesel :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 68.7 65.0 65.4 62.8 65.2 64.8 62.9 58.5 56.5 56.8 55.6 52.1 61.2 2016 ..: 48.3 45.0 47.1 48.4 52.1 54.5 54.0 52.8 53.7 55.0 54.7 56.2 51.8 2017 ..: 57.8 57.5 57.1 57.3 56.4 54.9 54.1 55.8 59.4 59.2 61.1 60.6 57.6 2018 ..: 62.4 62.4 60.7 63.6 67.0 68.3 68.6 69.0 70.7 73.6 73.0 69.7 67.4 2019 ..: 67.2 68.3 70.8 71.8 72.7 71.1 70.0 69.1 69.4 70.2 70.6 70.3 70.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Gasoline :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 61.2 62.7 68.2 68.3 74.8 76.9 76.6 72.4 65.3 63.2 59.7 56.6 67.2 2016 ..: 54.2 49.2 54.4 58.2 62.2 64.7 61.4 59.8 60.9 61.7 60.0 61.8 59.0 2017 ..: 64.2 63.0 63.5 65.5 64.5 63.0 61.4 63.1 69.4 65.5 66.5 64.0 64.5 2018 ..: 65.4 65.9 65.5 70.2 73.8 74.1 73.8 74.2 75.0 76.5 71.8 65.1 70.9 2019 ..: 62.5 64.6 70.7 78.5 80.3 76.4 77.0 73.8 73.1 74.3 73.4 72.1 73.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : LP Gas :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 66.8 82.9 81.2 81.5 69.6 57.3 60.4 55.1 66.6 66.1 62.9 56.4 67.2 2016 ..: 48.9 54.4 65.3 65.0 72.2 69.7 64.6 59.7 64.6 73.5 67.7 78.7 65.4 2017 ..: 91.0 91.3 71.6 74.2 71.7 64.8 69.6 79.9 91.6 94.4 96.8 92.4 82.4 2018 ..: 85.0 76.1 70.9 75.4 85.7 83.8 91.0 96.2 106.2 98.0 77.5 71.6 84.8 2019 ..: 71.5 73.5 74.4 71.3 64.1 49.8 54.1 45.0 49.8 51.7 59.0 55.2 60.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 106.3 106.2 106.1 106.3 106.3 106.1 105.9 106.0 106.1 106.0 105.9 106.0 106.1 2016 ..: 106.2 106.1 106.2 106.2 106.3 106.2 106.2 106.3 106.4 106.5 106.5 106.5 106.3 2017 ..: 106.6 106.7 106.9 107.0 107.2 107.6 107.8 107.9 108.1 108.1 108.3 108.8 107.6 2018 ..: 109.3 109.5 109.9 110.5 110.7 111.2 111.7 112.6 113.3 113.5 113.3 113.5 111.6 2019 ..: 114.6 114.8 114.8 114.8 115.3 115.8 116.1 116.1 115.9 115.9 115.9 116.2 115.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 106.4 106.4 106.4 105.9 105.8 105.8 105.3 105.2 105.1 105.1 105.2 105.2 105.7 2016 ..: 105.4 105.2 105.2 105.3 105.0 105.0 105.7 106.6 106.4 106.9 106.9 107.0 105.9 2017 ..: 106.7 106.7 106.7 107.8 108.0 108.0 108.5 108.5 108.5 108.8 108.8 108.8 108.0 2018 ..: 109.0 108.9 109.0 110.3 111.0 111.2 112.2 113.1 113.3 113.8 113.8 113.8 111.6 2019 ..: 114.0 113.9 114.0 114.2 114.0 113.9 114.6 114.4 114.5 114.4 114.4 114.4 114.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 101.5 102.0 102.1 102.1 102.1 102.1 101.5 101.2 101.0 100.9 100.9 101.0 101.5 2016 ..: 101.5 102.0 101.8 101.5 101.3 100.9 100.7 100.4 100.3 100.6 100.7 100.8 101.0 2017 ..: 102.0 102.1 101.7 101.6 101.2 100.6 99.6 99.2 98.6 98.5 99.0 99.7 100.3 2018 ..: 100.1 100.0 99.9 99.5 99.8 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.7 99.6 99.8 99.9 99.8 2019 ..: 100.5 100.6 100.9 100.9 100.9 100.8 100.6 100.3 99.8 99.8 99.8 100.1 100.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 105.4 105.9 106.2 106.5 106.6 106.5 106.2 105.9 105.9 105.8 106.2 106.2 106.1 2016 ..: 106.6 107.1 107.3 107.2 107.0 106.8 106.7 106.3 106.3 106.6 106.6 106.8 106.8 2017 ..: 107.9 107.8 107.6 107.7 107.6 107.0 106.4 106.2 105.8 105.8 105.9 106.7 106.9 2018 ..: 107.0 106.8 106.8 106.3 106.5 106.6 106.5 106.2 105.8 105.7 105.8 106.0 106.3 2019 ..: 106.8 107.0 107.5 107.5 107.3 107.0 106.7 106.3 105.9 105.8 105.9 106.4 106.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Tractors :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 107.8 109.6 109.5 109.5 109.5 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 110.4 110.5 110.5 109.6 2016 ..: 110.5 110.6 110.6 110.7 110.8 110.9 111.0 111.1 111.2 111.5 112.1 112.5 111.1 2017 ..: 112.6 112.7 112.8 112.8 112.6 112.8 112.7 112.5 112.2 112.0 112.9 112.7 112.6 2018 ..: 112.5 112.3 112.1 111.6 111.1 110.7 110.2 109.6 109.1 108.5 111.5 111.0 110.9 2019 ..: 110.4 109.9 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.3 109.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Self-propelled :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 117.6 118.1 118.7 118.8 118.5 118.2 117.9 117.6 117.3 117.5 118.4 118.1 118.1 2016 ..: 117.8 118.3 118.0 118.2 118.2 118.2 118.4 118.6 118.7 120.0 120.2 120.2 118.7 2017 ..: 120.5 120.6 120.8 120.6 120.4 120.3 120.3 120.3 121.0 121.0 120.9 120.8 120.6 2018 ..: 120.8 120.7 120.6 121.0 121.4 121.8 123.7 124.0 125.4 128.1 129.5 129.9 123.9 2019 ..: 130.3 130.7 131.0 131.0 130.7 130.7 130.7 130.9 131.0 131.0 131.5 137.0 131.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 114.6 114.5 114.7 114.4 114.2 113.8 113.7 113.5 113.3 113.2 113.0 112.8 113.8 2016 ..: 113.0 112.9 112.7 113.0 113.3 114.1 114.6 114.9 115.3 115.7 116.0 116.3 114.3 2017 ..: 116.9 117.3 117.6 117.5 117.5 117.6 117.6 117.4 117.5 117.5 117.6 117.8 117.5 2018 ..: 118.8 117.9 118.3 118.8 119.9 120.4 121.3 121.8 122.5 123.3 123.8 125.5 121.0 2019 ..: 126.5 127.7 127.8 128.1 127.6 130.3 130.1 130.1 130.1 130.3 129.4 129.6 129.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Custom rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 2016 ..: 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 111.6 2017 ..: 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 114.3 2018 ..: 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 113.3 2019 ..: 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 118.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other services :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Average 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 113.8 113.7 113.3 113.6 113.7 114.8 114.6 114.6 114.4 113.5 113.2 113.0 113.9 2016 ..: 115.6 115.6 115.6 115.9 115.6 116.6 116.8 116.7 116.6 116.0 115.6 116.1 116.1 2017 ..: 111.3 111.4 111.2 111.5 111.9 112.8 113.1 113.1 113.2 112.3 112.2 112.4 112.2 2018 ..: 113.5 113.7 113.9 113.8 114.4 115.1 115.3 115.4 115.5 115.3 115.0 115.1 114.7 2019 ..: 116.2 116.3 116.0 116.1 116.4 117.3 117.3 117.0 116.5 115.9 115.9 115.8 116.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cash rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 137.0 2016 ..: 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 2017 ..: 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 130.4 2018 ..: 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 2019 ..: 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Share rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 122.6 2016 ..: 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 2017 ..: 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 116.1 2018 ..: 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 2019 ..: 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 111.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures. Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 3038 3025 3037 3030 3025 3029 3017 2999 2964 2964 2933 2890 2996 2016 ..: 2908 2897 2901 2890 2894 2903 2875 2857 2821 2803 2812 2833 2866 2017 ..: 2870 2882 2886 2891 2892 2888 2882 2863 2873 2891 2899 2907 2885 2018 ..: 2928 2948 2948 2939 2952 2946 2950 2955 2955 2970 2972 2979 2954 2019 ..: 3001 3005 3008 3022 3007 2993 2996 2974 2966 2980 2987 2991 2994 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 3203 3186 3197 3188 3179 3183 3169 3147 3106 3106 3069 3018 3146 2016 ..: 3039 3026 3028 3013 3016 3026 2992 2970 2926 2904 2916 2940 2983 2017 ..: 2982 2995 3000 3004 3005 2999 2993 2968 2979 3001 3010 3019 2996 2018 ..: 3042 3063 3063 3050 3064 3056 3061 3066 3065 3083 3087 3096 3066 2019 ..: 3122 3125 3126 3140 3120 3103 3107 3079 3070 3085 3094 3100 3106 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 2380 2365 2375 2371 2364 2367 2352 2333 2298 2292 2261 2218 2331 2016 ..: 2229 2217 2219 2208 2211 2218 2186 2167 2129 2107 2117 2138 2179 2017 ..: 2162 2174 2178 2185 2185 2180 2175 2154 2162 2178 2186 2194 2176 2018 ..: 2194 2213 2212 2208 2219 2213 2207 2211 2210 2223 2226 2234 2214 2019 ..: 2242 2244 2244 2261 2244 2230 2229 2205 2197 2208 2216 2221 2228 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 1206 1197 1195 1171 1151 1158 1182 1183 1167 1157 1135 1119 1168 2016 ..: 1112 1107 1107 1106 1154 1204 1173 1131 1095 1074 1066 1080 1118 2017 ..: 1061 1072 1071 1064 1057 1041 1046 1031 1021 1027 1017 1030 1045 2018 ..: 1038 1079 1093 1115 1140 1125 1112 1117 1089 1090 1092 1112 1100 2019 ..: 1121 1125 1132 1136 1137 1148 1140 1129 1120 1124 1124 1127 1130 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock & poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 3168 3000 3092 3146 3136 3146 3004 2909 2676 2715 2564 2289 2904 2016 ..: 2364 2358 2385 2280 2160 2067 1968 1995 1844 1732 1836 1925 2076 2017 ..: 2014 1998 2040 2080 2135 2138 2126 2032 2092 2205 2247 2249 2113 2018 ..: 2229 2248 2177 2066 2036 2003 1987 1986 2049 2119 2075 2091 2089 2019 ..: 2092 2071 2087 2201 2071 1918 1934 1879 1876 1963 2006 2025 2010 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 4099 4099 4096 4096 4096 4096 4096 4096 4096 4096 4096 4096 4096 2016 ..: 4096 4096 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3969 3990 2017 ..: 3969 3969 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3934 3940 2018 ..: 3934 3934 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3885 3893 2019 ..: 3885 3885 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3800 3814 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 1086 1089 1084 1088 1093 1087 1041 1028 1029 1001 986 990 1050 2016 ..: 964 917 909 919 912 901 847 814 800 795 801 791 864 2017 ..: 797 823 836 849 838 822 796 766 751 752 764 775 797 2018 ..: 775 796 797 796 800 794 790 790 801 820 834 836 803 2019 ..: 841 850 844 838 830 818 795 779 765 763 763 751 803 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Chemicals :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 892 955 955 956 956 958 964 966 967 971 968 972 957 2016 ..: 975 976 977 977 978 979 989 972 953 954 942 935 967 2017 ..: 922 976 977 966 928 939 913 905 912 905 923 945 934 2018 ..: 927 926 960 931 915 910 879 885 848 836 918 915 904 2019 ..: 929 924 918 916 917 933 946 879 855 862 878 878 903 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fuels :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 1870 1890 1920 1877 1901 1849 1828 1703 1679 1670 1614 1503 1775 2016 ..: 1388 1328 1445 1490 1611 1655 1605 1550 1596 1665 1622 1711 1556 2017 ..: 1810 1799 1704 1731 1697 1629 1630 1717 1872 1858 1909 1865 1768 2018 ..: 1869 1831 1775 1874 2001 2017 2055 2088 2169 2191 2055 1932 1988 2019 ..: 1873 1913 1996 2045 2038 1919 1925 1847 1871 1901 1937 1906 1931 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies & repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 1255 1254 1254 1251 1250 1249 1245 1244 1244 1243 1244 1244 1248 2016 ..: 1246 1244 1245 1245 1244 1244 1249 1256 1255 1259 1260 1260 1251 2017 ..: 1258 1258 1259 1269 1271 1272 1277 1277 1278 1281 1281 1283 1272 2018 ..: 1287 1287 1290 1302 1308 1312 1321 1332 1336 1341 1340 1341 1316 2019 ..: 1347 1347 1348 1349 1350 1351 1358 1356 1356 1356 1356 1356 1353 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos & trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 3223 3240 3248 3257 3258 3257 3246 3235 3234 3233 3243 3242 3243 2016 ..: 3255 3272 3277 3272 3267 3259 3255 3245 3243 3253 3253 3260 3259 2017 ..: 3292 3292 3284 3286 3281 3264 3244 3237 3224 3222 3229 3252 3259 2018 ..: 3261 3255 3255 3241 3246 3250 3247 3239 3227 3223 3229 3235 3242 2019 ..: 3256 3263 3276 3278 3273 3263 3256 3242 3231 3228 3230 3244 3253 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 6986 7021 7037 7032 7020 7004 6995 6983 6970 6987 7005 6991 7003 2016 ..: 6990 7001 6988 7001 7011 7030 7047 7062 7074 7119 7138 7152 7051 2017 ..: 7174 7187 7199 7192 7186 7188 7187 7180 7195 7193 7203 7203 7190 2018 ..: 7225 7197 7203 7217 7245 7261 7320 7334 7376 7453 7539 7581 7329 2019 ..: 7607 7636 7640 7647 7625 7690 7686 7692 7693 7696 7689 7828 7678 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Building materials :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 2503 2503 2503 2508 2505 2503 2501 2492 2487 2489 2488 2484 2497 2016 ..: 2487 2487 2490 2496 2500 2505 2511 2518 2514 2511 2511 2515 2504 2017 ..: 2531 2542 2549 2562 2565 2567 2566 2576 2580 2591 2596 2599 2569 2018 ..: 2620 2637 2671 2683 2712 2722 2726 2724 2729 2729 2723 2730 2700 2019 ..: 2741 2749 2746 2754 2752 2746 2758 2747 2746 2744 2736 2742 2747 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Services & rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 2553 2552 2547 2551 2551 2564 2563 2562 2560 2550 2546 2543 2554 2016 ..: 2518 2519 2519 2522 2519 2530 2532 2531 2530 2523 2519 2524 2524 2017 ..: 2475 2477 2474 2478 2482 2492 2496 2496 2497 2487 2486 2488 2486 2018 ..: 2461 2462 2465 2464 2471 2478 2481 2482 2483 2481 2477 2479 2474 2019 ..: 2499 2500 2497 2497 2501 2511 2511 2508 2503 2495 2495 2494 2501 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Interest :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 3587 2016 ..: 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 3789 2017 ..: 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 4082 2018 ..: 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 4288 2019 ..: 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 4422 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Taxes :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 6520 2016 ..: 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 6808 2017 ..: 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 6904 2018 ..: 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 6952 2019 ..: 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 7119 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Wage rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 8018 8018 8018 7858 7858 7858 7980 7980 7980 8204 8204 8204 8015 2016 ..: 8210 8210 8210 8159 8159 8159 8332 8332 8332 8479 8479 8479 8295 2017 ..: 8594 8594 8594 8466 8466 8466 8466 8466 8466 8588 8588 8588 8529 2018 ..: 9010 9010 9010 8780 8780 8780 9138 9138 9138 9260 9260 9260 9047 2019 ..: 9573 9573 9573 9413 9413 9413 9541 9541 9541 9612 9612 9612 9535 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Family living :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 2220 2230 2243 2248 2259 2267 2267 2264 2260 2259 2255 2247 2252 2016 ..: 2251 2252 2262 2273 2282 2290 2286 2288 2293 2296 2293 2293 2280 2017 ..: 2307 2314 2316 2323 2325 2327 2325 2332 2345 2343 2343 2342 2328 2018 ..: 2355 2365 2371 2380 2390 2394 2394 2395 2398 2402 2394 2387 2385 2019 ..: 2391 2401 2415 2428 2433 2433 2437 2437 2439 2445 2443 2441 2429 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : Adjusted for productivity :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 1441 1441 1444 1434 1434 1436 1441 1438 1432 1446 1441 1433 1438 2016 ..: 1409 1407 1409 1406 1407 1409 1415 1412 1408 1414 1415 1418 1411 2017 ..: 1505 1508 1508 1502 1502 1502 1501 1499 1502 1512 1513 1514 1506 2018 ..: 1623 1627 1628 1612 1615 1615 1639 1640 1641 1652 1651 1651 1633 2019 ..: 1692 1694 1696 1689 1687 1685 1695 1691 1690 1698 1699 1699 1693 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity ratio 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 33 34 35 35 37 36 34 35 34 31 33 32 34 2016 ..: 32 33 33 33 34 33 33 32 32 30 31 32 32 2017 ..: 31 33 34 34 36 35 34 34 33 31 33 33 33 2018 ..: 30 32 33 33 33 33 32 31 31 30 31 31 32 2019 ..: 29 31 32 32 32 32 31 31 30 29 31 31 31 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Adjusted parity ratio (PPITW) 3/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015 ..: 34 35 36 36 38 37 35 36 35 32 34 33 35 2016 ..: 33 34 34 34 35 34 34 33 33 31 32 33 34 2017 ..: 32 34 35 35 37 36 35 35 34 32 34 34 34 2018 ..: 31 33 34 34 34 34 33 32 32 31 32 32 33 2019 ..: 30 32 33 33 33 33 32 32 31 30 32 32 32 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures. 2/ Ratio of index of prices received to index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. 3/ Ratio of the index of prices received after adjustment for government payments to the index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2015-2019 [Annual average is a simple average of monthly ratios, January through December] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015: 5.4 5.0 5.4 6.0 6.2 5.9 4.7 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.7 5.0 2016: 5.1 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.1 4.7 4.3 4.2 3.7 4.4 4.7 4.7 2017: 4.7 4.6 5.3 5.7 6.6 6.7 6.1 5.5 5.1 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.4 2018: 5.2 5.0 5.6 6.1 6.7 7.0 6.7 5.2 4.8 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.6 2019: 5.8 5.1 5.3 5.8 6.1 5.4 4.8 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.5 5.0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Market Egg 2/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015: 11.3 12.1 15.3 9.6 18.2 21.9 19.6 26.5 20.7 14.7 22.8 12.2 17.1 2016: 11.4 10.2 8.8 4.6 2.7 2.5 4.0 4.4 3.8 2.6 3.7 12.1 5.9 2017: 6.7 4.3 6.4 4.4 4.2 4.5 6.8 6.1 10.9 8.3 15.3 14.4 7.7 2018: 11.6 12.8 22.1 11.2 6.8 9.3 10.5 11.0 8.7 8.5 11.7 11.8 11.3 2019: 9.5 8.4 7.6 4.6 2.3 5.2 2.5 7.6 4.9 4.7 13.2 8.3 6.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Turkey 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015: 6.3 6.6 6.8 7.1 7.9 8.4 8.5 9.4 10.0 10.6 10.2 9.8 8.5 2016: 8.7 9.0 9.0 9.2 8.8 8.9 9.3 9.5 10.3 9.9 9.3 8.4 9.2 2017: 7.6 7.3 7.5 7.5 7.7 7.4 7.3 7.2 6.9 7.1 6.5 6.0 7.2 2018: 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.7 6.0 5.5 5.5 2019: 5.6 5.8 5.9 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.0 7.5 6.9 6.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015: 2.10 2.06 2.01 2.00 1.99 2.06 2.00 2.11 2.25 2.30 2.46 2.29 2.14 2016: 2.18 2.18 2.12 1.99 1.90 1.92 2.16 2.44 2.49 2.38 2.59 2.73 2.26 2017: 2.71 2.61 2.40 2.22 2.20 2.31 2.27 2.50 2.46 2.48 2.54 2.38 2.42 2018: 2.20 2.03 1.98 1.90 1.90 1.97 1.93 2.06 2.13 2.22 2.21 2.07 2.05 2019: 2.06 2.07 2.12 2.11 2.10 2.08 2.16 2.26 2.33 2.39 2.61 2.55 2.21 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hog-Corn 5/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015: 15.0 13.3 13.2 13.1 16.2 16.7 15.4 16.0 14.8 15.1 12.8 11.7 14.4 2016: 11.9 13.9 14.0 14.3 15.5 15.9 16.5 16.4 14.8 12.7 12.0 13.0 14.2 2017: 14.1 15.8 15.2 14.1 15.5 18.1 19.3 18.8 15.0 14.5 15.9 15.0 15.9 2018: 16.0 16.2 14.2 12.7 14.0 16.5 16.9 13.2 12.7 14.7 13.5 12.3 14.4 2019: 12.5 12.1 12.9 16.8 17.2 14.9 13.6 14.9 12.6 12.8 13.0 12.7 13.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steer & Heifer-Corn 6/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2015: 43.5 42.5 42.5 43.7 44.2 43.5 39.5 40.5 38.0 35.1 36.5 33.7 40.3 2016: 36.1 37.4 38.5 37.4 35.1 33.2 33.3 36.8 33.9 31.0 32.7 34.0 34.9 2017: 35.0 35.2 36.4 37.9 40.0 38.8 34.7 35.2 32.7 34.0 38.4 37.2 36.3 2018: 37.4 37.6 36.2 34.1 33.2 31.6 32.3 33.3 32.4 32.7 33.7 33.6 34.0 2019: 34.8 35.0 35.7 36.3 33.6 28.9 27.2 28.5 27.4 28.4 31.3 32.3 31.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 2/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of all hogs, live weight. 6/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of steers & heifers, live weight. Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for most items is the five business days centered at the 15th of the month. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program change: Effective January 2014, the National Agricultural Statistics Service modified the five-year moving weights and updated the base reference period. In January 2015, publication of preliminary prices was suspended, and the annual average index was replaced by an annual index. As of January 2014, the 1990-1992 base reference period was updated to 2011. Five-year moving average weights are adjusted (normalized) to minimize the effects of price changes. The 1910-1914=100 price indexes, required by statute for computing parity prices, were linked forward based on the changes in the new 2011=100 indexes. The new indexes were constructed by multiplying the ratios of the current prices to the base period prices by the moving average weights. Modifications implemented January 2015 discontinued preliminary prices and replaced the annual average index with an annual index. The April 2015 program update discontinued publication of the annual March survey prices paid data. The February 2016 program update changed the rounding of the 2011 base period indexes to nearest tenth of a percent. The 1910-1914 base period indexes remain rounded to the nearest whole number. See Price Program Links at end of this report for program change details. Information Contacts General Jody McDaniel, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.................................. (202) 720-6146 Crop Prices Received Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ........................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Travis Thorson, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.......................................................... (202) 720-9526 James Johanson - County Estimates, Hay................................................................. (202) 690-8533 Jeff Lemmons - Oats, Soybeans.......................................................................... (202) 690-3234 Sammy Neal - Peanuts, Rice............................................................................. (202) 720-7688 Jean Porter - Rye, Wheat............................................................................... (202) 720-8068 Chris Singh - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum......................................................... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Sunflower, Barley, Crop Weather............ (202) 720-7369 Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables, and Special Crops Section................................. (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates - Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions, Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco.......................................................................... (202) 720-4288 Jorge Garcia-Pratts - Dry beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes................................................. (202) 720-2127 Fleming Gibson - Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia, Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges................................................. ....... (202) 720-5412 Greg Lemmons -Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries........................................................................................... ........ (202) 720-4285 Dan Norris - Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils, Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelon (202) 720-3250 Dawn Smoker - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans................................................................. ....... (202) 720-4215 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 692-0069 Scott Hollis, Head, Livestock Section.................................................................... (202) 690-2424 Holly Brenize - Sheep and Goats........................................................................ (202) 720-0585 Heidi Lanouette - Cattle and Cattle on Feed............................................................ (202) 720-3040 Mike Miller - Milk, Milk Cows.......................................................................... (202) 720-3278 Seth Riggins - Hogs and Pigs........................................................................... (202) 720-3106 Tony Dorn, Head, Poultry and Specialty Commodities Section............................................... (202) 690-3223 Fatema Haque - Turkeys................................................................................. (202) 720-3244 Kim Linonis - Eggs..................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Adam Peters - Honey.................................................................................... (202) 690-3237 Takiyah Walker - Broilers.............................................................................. (202) 720-6147 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Jody McDaniel, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.................................. (202) 720-6146 Bruce Boess, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-4447 Kuan Chen - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 690-3347 Stephen Habets - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................ (202) 720-9168 John Stephens- Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices................................................. (202) 720-8844 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e- mail subscription. 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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) 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Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php January 2014 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updates.pdf January 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/update2015.pdf April 2015 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateApr2015.p df February 2016 Price Program Update http://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/updateFeb2016.p df