Crop Production ISSN: 1936-3737 Released July 10, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Winter Wheat Production Down 4 Percent from June Forecast Orange Production Up 3 Percent from April Forecast Winter wheat production is forecast at 990 million bushels, down 4 percent from the June 1 forecast and down 29 percent from 2025. As of July 1, the United States yield is forecast at 46.7 bushels per acre, down 0.1 bushel from last month and down 8.2 bushels from last year's average yield of 54.9 bushels per acre. If realized, the United States yield would be the lowest since 2015. Hard Red Winter production, at 471 million bushels, is down 5 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 287 million bushels, is down 4 percent from the June forecast. White Winter, at 232 million bushels, is down less than 1 percent from last month. Of the White Winter production, 7.26 million bushels are Hard White and 225 million bushels are Soft White. Durum wheat production is forecast at 70.9 million bushels, down 18 percent from 2025. Based on July 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 39.9 bushels per harvested acre, down 0.7 bushel from 2025. Area harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 1.78 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but down 16 percent from 2025. Other spring wheat production for grain is forecast at 475 million bushels, down 4 percent from last year. Based on July 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 52.3 bushels per harvested acre, up 0.6 bushel from 2025. If realized, the United States yield would be the second highest behind 2024. Area harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 9.08 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but 6 percent below 2025. Of the total production, 436 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 5 percent from 2025. The United States all orange forecast for the 2025-2026 season is 2.61 million tons, up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 11 percent from the 2024-2025 utilization. The California all orange forecast is 49.5 million boxes (1.98 million tons), up 2 percent from the previous forecast and up 12 percent from last season's utilization. The California Navel orange forecast is 41.0 million boxes (1.64 million tons), up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 10 percent from last season's utilization. The California Valencia orange forecast is 8.50 million boxes (340,000 tons), unchanged from previous forecast but up 23 percent from last season's utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 12.9 million boxes (582,000 tons), is up 6 percent from the previous forecast and up 5 percent from last season's utilization. In Florida, early, midseason, and Navel varieties are forecast at 4.77 million boxes (215,000 tons), up 1 percent from the previous forecast and up 4 percent from last season's final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 8.15 million boxes (367,000 tons), is up 9 percent from previous forecast and up 6 percent from last season's utilization. The Texas all orange forecast, at 1.09 million boxes (47,000 tons), is up 20 percent from the previous forecast and up 28 percent from last season's utilization. This report was approved on July 10, 2026. Secretary of Agriculture Designate Justin Benavidez Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Lance Honig Contents Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026...... 4 Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026... 4 Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026................................................................................................ 5 Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026................................................................................................ 6 Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026................................................................................................ 6 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026................................. 6 Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2024-2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026................................................................................................ 7 Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026..................................................................................... 8 Apricots Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026............................ 9 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2025 and 2026..... 10 Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2025 and 2026....... 12 Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2025 and 2026................................. 14 Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2025 and 2026................................... 15 Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2022-2026............. 16 Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2022-2026............................................. 17 Percent of Normal Precipitation Map......................................................................... 18 Departure from Normal Temperature Map....................................................................... 18 June Weather Summary........................................................................................ 19 June Agricultural Summary................................................................................... 19 Crop Comments............................................................................................... 21 Statistical Methodology..................................................................................... 24 Reliability of July 1 Crop Production Forecasts............................................................. 25 Information Contacts........................................................................................ 26 Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Georgia ..........: 20 23 59.0 45.0 1,180 1,035 Idaho ............: 14 15 60.0 80.0 840 1,200 Illinois .........: 14 14 99.0 94.0 1,386 1,316 Iowa .............: 50 70 92.0 94.0 4,600 6,580 Kansas ...........: 35 40 58.0 40.0 2,030 1,600 Maine ............: 17 17 86.0 77.0 1,462 1,309 Michigan .........: 21 20 72.0 70.0 1,512 1,400 Minnesota ........: 165 150 87.0 88.0 14,355 13,200 Montana ..........: 38 45 44.0 55.0 1,672 2,475 Nebraska .........: 20 23 50.0 37.0 1,000 851 : New York .........: 30 30 54.0 57.0 1,620 1,710 North Carolina ...: 16 21 73.0 71.0 1,168 1,491 North Dakota .....: 175 100 77.0 90.0 13,475 9,000 Ohio .............: 30 25 74.0 70.0 2,220 1,750 Oregon ...........: 5 4 80.0 82.0 400 328 Pennsylvania .....: 46 47 52.0 64.0 2,392 3,008 South Dakota .....: 135 85 86.0 82.0 11,610 6,970 Texas ............: 48 83 53.0 43.0 2,544 3,569 Wisconsin ........: 65 65 64.0 68.0 4,160 4,420 : United States ....: 944 877 73.8 72.1 69,626 63,212 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ---- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Colorado .......: 38 32 126.0 140.0 4,788 4,480 Idaho ..........: 490 450 112.0 112.0 54,880 50,400 Minnesota ......: 21 35 75.0 76.0 1,575 2,660 Montana ........: 585 650 54.0 53.0 31,590 34,450 North Dakota ...: 360 420 78.0 71.0 28,080 29,820 Washington .....: 49 48 49.0 66.0 2,401 3,168 Wyoming ........: 44 45 112.0 88.0 4,928 3,960 : Other States 1/ : 174 194 72.5 68.8 12,607 13,350 : United States ..: 1,761 1,874 80.0 75.9 140,849 142,288 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include: Alaska, Arizona, California, Delaware, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, and Wisconsin. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2026 Summary." Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :------------------------------------------------------------------------ State : : : : 2026 : : : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 :-------------------: 2025 : 2026 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- --- 1,000 bushels -- : Arkansas .......: 70 40 57.0 57.0 56.0 3,990 2,240 California .....: 110 110 86.0 68.0 71.0 9,460 7,810 Colorado .......: 1,870 1,280 38.0 21.0 19.0 71,060 24,320 Idaho ..........: 720 760 99.0 97.0 93.0 71,280 70,680 Illinois .......: 700 620 88.0 86.0 88.0 61,600 54,560 Indiana ........: 240 230 89.0 87.0 85.0 21,360 19,550 Kansas .........: 6,800 5,950 51.0 35.0 33.0 346,800 196,350 Kentucky .......: 330 280 81.0 77.0 79.0 26,730 22,120 Maryland .......: 160 140 79.0 73.0 73.0 12,640 10,220 Michigan .......: 490 455 90.0 90.0 90.0 44,100 40,950 : Missouri .......: 460 410 80.0 72.0 69.0 36,800 28,290 Montana ........: 2,120 1,700 47.0 41.0 44.0 99,640 74,800 Nebraska .......: 805 580 47.0 28.0 29.0 37,835 16,820 North Carolina .: 270 240 60.0 43.0 48.0 16,200 11,520 Ohio ...........: 530 425 86.0 86.0 86.0 45,580 36,550 Oklahoma .......: 2,800 2,100 38.0 28.0 28.0 106,400 58,800 Oregon .........: 740 735 71.0 66.0 65.0 52,540 47,775 Pennsylvania ...: 185 190 72.0 76.0 74.0 13,320 14,060 South Dakota ...: 630 490 50.0 48.0 49.0 31,500 24,010 Tennessee ......: 265 175 74.0 74.0 77.0 19,610 13,475 : Texas ..........: 2,300 1,600 37.0 30.0 28.0 85,100 44,800 Virginia .......: 70 60 66.0 50.0 50.0 4,620 3,000 Washington .....: 1,790 1,790 68.0 68.0 69.0 121,720 123,510 Wisconsin ......: 250 210 76.0 73.0 76.0 19,000 15,960 : Other States 1/ : 803 640 53.1 44.0 44.2 42,669 28,305 : United States ..: 25,508 21,210 54.9 46.8 46.7 1,401,554 990,475 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, Mississippi, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2026 Summary." Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production :---------------------------------------------------------------------- State : : : : 2026 : : : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 :-----------------: 2025 : 2026 : : : : June 1 : July 1 : : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres ------- bushels ------- 1,000 bushels : Arizona ........: 49 54 117.0 99.0 97.0 5,733 5,238 California .....: 14 14 125.0 126.0 120.0 1,750 1,680 Montana ........: 850 750 30.0 (X) 29.0 25,500 21,750 North Dakota ...: 1,210 960 44.0 (X) 44.0 53,240 42,240 : United States ..: 2,123 1,778 40.6 (X) 39.9 86,223 70,908 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (X) Not applicable. Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres --- bushels --- 1,000 bushels : Idaho ..........: 420 415 84.0 92.0 35,280 38,180 Minnesota ......: 1,100 1,000 69.0 68.0 75,900 68,000 Montana ........: 1,950 2,200 29.0 30.0 56,550 66,000 North Dakota ...: 5,030 4,440 55.0 58.0 276,650 257,520 South Dakota ...: 640 580 51.0 47.0 32,640 27,260 Washington .....: 470 440 42.0 41.0 19,740 18,040 : United States ..: 9,610 9,075 51.7 52.3 496,760 475,000 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : 2025 : 2026 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ............: 804,443 470,900 Soft red ............: 352,916 287,394 Hard white ..........: 14,196 7,256 Soft white ..........: 229,999 224,925 : Spring : Hard red ............: 458,347 436,154 Hard white ..........: 9,568 10,288 Soft white ..........: 28,845 28,558 Durum ...............: 86,223 70,908 : Total ............ : 1,984,537 1,536,383 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2024-2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Utilized production boxes 1/ :Utilized production ton equivalent Crop and State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024-2025 : 2025-2026 : 2024-2025 : 2025-2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ 1,000 boxes ----- ------ 1,000 tons ----- Oranges : California, all ............: 44,100 49,500 1,764 1,980 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 37,200 41,000 1,488 1,640 Valencia ..................: 6,900 8,500 276 340 : Florida, all ...............: 12,280 12,920 553 582 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 4,600 4,770 207 215 Valencia ..................: 7,680 8,150 346 367 : Texas, all .................: 850 1,090 37 47 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 530 560 23 24 Valencia ..................: 320 530 14 23 : United States, all .........: 57,230 63,510 2,354 2,609 Early, mid, and Navel 2/ ..: 42,330 46,330 1,718 1,879 Valencia ..................: 14,900 17,180 636 730 : Grapefruit : California .................: 4,300 4,300 172 172 Florida ....................: 1,300 1,350 55 57 Texas ......................: 2,000 2,100 80 84 : United States ..............: 7,600 7,750 307 313 : Tangerines and mandarins 3/ : California .................: 30,400 31,000 1,216 1,240 Florida ....................: 400 460 19 22 : United States ..............: 30,800 31,460 1,235 1,262 : Lemons : Arizona ....................: 1,120 720 45 29 California .................: 26,400 26,000 1,056 1,040 Florida ....................: 670 900 30 41 : United States ..............: 28,190 27,620 1,131 1,110 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons in Arizona-80, California-80, Florida-90. 2/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. 3/ Includes tangelos and tangors. Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period had not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area harvested : Yield per acre : Production Class, type and State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ acres ----- ---- pounds ---- -- 1,000 pounds -- : Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14) : North Carolina .........................: 121,000 118,000 2,050 2,200 248,050 259,600 Virginia ...............................: 13,400 13,500 2,150 2,100 28,810 28,350 : United States ..........................: 134,400 131,500 2,060 2,190 276,860 287,950 : Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23) : Kentucky ...............................: 3,100 3,700 3,200 9,920 Tennessee ..............................: 2,900 3,500 2,750 7,975 : United States ..........................: 6,000 7,200 2,983 17,895 : Class 3A, Light air-cured : Type 31, Burley : Kentucky .............................: 23,900 25,000 2,050 48,995 Tennessee ............................: 3,800 4,400 1,500 5,700 : United States ........................: 27,700 29,400 1,975 54,695 : Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37) : Kentucky ...............................: 2,400 3,200 2,950 7,080 Tennessee ..............................: 800 800 2,550 2,040 : United States ..........................: 3,200 4,000 2,850 9,120 : All tobacco : United States ..........................: 171,300 172,100 2,093 358,570 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Apricots Production - States and United States: 2025 and Forecasted July 1, 2026 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Total production State :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : California ............: 34,000 34,000 Washington ............: 4,250 2,500 : United States .........: 38,250 36,500 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2025 and 2026 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 acres : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 2,299 2,434 1,761 1,874 Corn for grain 1/ ......................: 98,788 95,343 91,258 87,434 Corn for silage ........................: (NA) 6,208 Hay, all ...............................: (NA) (NA) 49,557 49,787 Alfalfa ..............................: (NA) (NA) 14,676 14,685 All other ............................: (NA) (NA) 34,881 35,102 Oats ...................................: 2,370 2,424 944 877 Proso millet ...........................: 442 500 397 Rice ...................................: 2,812 2,017 2,740 1,979 Rye ....................................: 2,229 2,381 341 312 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...................: 6,640 6,280 6,020 5,485 Sorghum for silage .....................: (NA) 448 Wheat, all .............................: 45,328 42,740 37,241 32,063 Winter ...............................: 33,153 31,520 25,508 21,210 Durum ................................: 2,185 1,830 2,123 1,778 Other spring .........................: 9,990 9,390 9,610 9,075 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2,338.5 2,965.0 2,306.0 2,918.0 Cottonseed .............................: (X) (X) Flaxseed ...............................: 248 305 234 286 Mustard seed ...........................: 126.2 131.5 111.8 123.1 Peanuts ................................: 1,953.0 1,528.0 1,906.0 1,475.0 Rapeseed ...............................: 18.6 19.0 16.6 17.3 Safflower ..............................: 116.5 125.0 108.5 115.5 Soybeans for beans .....................: 81,215 85,365 80,437 84,401 Sunflower ..............................: 1,288.2 1,348.0 1,246.2 1,301.8 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all ............................: 9,282.5 9,850.0 7,827.3 Upland ...............................: 9,141.0 9,700.0 7,688.9 American Pima ........................: 141.5 150.0 138.4 Sugarbeets .............................: 1,079.0 1,033.0 1,059.8 1,011.4 Sugarcane ..............................: (NA) (NA) 946.0 956.0 Tobacco ................................: (NA) (NA) 171.3 172.1 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 536.0 482.0 520.3 468.2 Dry edible beans .......................: 1,366.0 1,161.0 1,334.6 1,130.0 Dry edible peas ........................: 1,173.0 1,047.0 1,063.0 1,001.0 Lentils ................................: 1,072.0 747.0 949.0 701.0 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: (NA) (NA) 41.7 41.6 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .........................: (NA) 22.9 Potatoes ...............................: 902.0 873.0 896.8 867.6 Spearmint oil ..........................: (NA) 11.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2025 and 2026 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per acre : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : --------- 1,000 -------- : Grains and hay : Barley ..........................bushels: 80.0 75.9 140,849 142,288 Corn for grain ..................bushels: 186.5 17,020,549 Corn for silage ....................tons: 21.8 135,540 Hay, all ...........................tons: 2.48 123,031 Alfalfa ..........................tons: 3.42 50,213 All other ........................tons: 2.09 72,818 Oats ............................bushels: 73.8 72.1 69,626 63,212 Proso millet ....................bushels: 35.9 14,239 Rice 2/ .............................cwt: 7,544 206,707 Rye .............................bushels: 36.5 12,459 Sorghum for grain ...............bushels: 72.6 436,825 Sorghum for silage .................tons: 16.4 7,325 Wheat, all ......................bushels: 53.3 47.9 1,984,537 1,536,383 Winter ........................bushels: 54.9 46.7 1,401,554 990,475 Durum .........................bushels: 40.6 39.9 86,223 70,908 Other spring ..................bushels: 51.7 52.3 496,760 475,000 : Oilseeds : Canola ...........................pounds: 2,017 4,650,910 Cottonseed .........................tons: (X) 4,132.0 Flaxseed ........................bushels: 22.2 5,202 Mustard seed .....................pounds: 636 71,120 Peanuts ..........................pounds: 3,767 7,179,850 Rapeseed .........................pounds: 2,126 35,290 Safflower ........................pounds: 1,319 143,160 Soybeans for beans ..............bushels: 53.0 4,261,858 Sunflower ........................pounds: 1,863 2,321,852 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ ....................bales: 852 13,897.0 Upland 2/ .......................bales: 842 13,492.0 American Pima 2/ ................bales: 1,405 405.0 Sugarbeets .........................tons: 33.2 35,140 Sugarcane ..........................tons: 36.4 34,445 Tobacco ..........................pounds: 2,093 358,570 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas 2/ ........................cwt: 1,315 6,844 Dry edible beans 2/ .................cwt: 2,012 26,855 Dry edible peas 2/ ..................cwt: 1,738 18,480 Lentils 2/ ..........................cwt: 1,112 10,557 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops .............................pounds: 1,996 83,143.4 Maple syrup .....................gallons: (NA) (NA) 5,701 5,877 Mushrooms ........................pounds: (NA) 669,930 Peppermint oil ...................pounds: 108 2,471 Potatoes ............................cwt: 460 412,860 Spearmint oil ....................pounds: 139 1,609 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Yield in pounds. Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2025 and 2026 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Grains and hay : Barley .........................: 930,380 985,020 712,660 758,390 Corn for grain 1/ ..............: 39,978,520 38,584,360 36,931,200 35,383,670 Corn for silage ................: (NA) 2,512,320 Hay, all 2/ ....................: (NA) (NA) 20,055,220 20,148,300 Alfalfa ......................: (NA) (NA) 5,939,230 5,942,870 All other ....................: (NA) (NA) 14,115,990 14,205,430 Oats ...........................: 959,120 980,970 382,030 354,910 Proso millet ...................: 178,870 202,350 160,660 Rice ...........................: 1,137,990 816,260 1,108,850 800,880 Rye ............................: 902,050 963,570 138,000 126,260 Sorghum for grain 1/ ...........: 2,687,140 2,541,450 2,436,230 2,219,720 Sorghum for silage .............: (NA) 181,300 Wheat, all 2/ ..................: 18,343,790 17,296,450 15,071,060 12,975,580 Winter .......................: 13,416,690 12,755,830 10,322,830 8,583,470 Durum ........................: 884,250 740,580 859,160 719,540 Other spring .................: 4,042,850 3,800,040 3,889,070 3,672,560 : Oilseeds : Canola .........................: 946,370 1,199,910 933,220 1,180,890 Cottonseed .....................: (X) (X) Flaxseed .......................: 100,360 123,430 94,700 115,740 Mustard seed ...................: 51,070 53,220 45,240 49,820 Peanuts ........................: 790,360 618,370 771,340 596,920 Rapeseed .......................: 7,530 7,690 6,720 7,000 Safflower ......................: 47,150 50,590 43,910 46,740 Soybeans for beans .............: 32,866,900 34,546,360 32,552,050 34,156,240 Sunflower ......................: 521,320 545,520 504,320 526,830 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops: Cotton, all 2/ .................: 3,756,530 3,986,200 3,167,630 Upland .......................: 3,699,270 3,925,490 3,111,620 American Pima ................: 57,260 60,700 56,010 Sugarbeets .....................: 436,660 418,040 428,890 409,300 Sugarcane ......................: (NA) (NA) 382,840 386,880 Tobacco ........................: (NA) (NA) 69,320 69,650 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ......................: 216,910 195,060 210,560 189,480 Dry edible beans ...............: 552,810 469,850 540,100 457,300 Dry edible peas ................: 474,700 423,710 430,190 405,090 Lentils ........................: 433,830 302,300 384,050 283,690 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...........................: (NA) (NA) 16,860 16,850 Maple syrup ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Mushrooms ......................: (NA) (NA) Peppermint oil .................: (NA) 9,270 Potatoes .......................: 365,030 353,290 362,930 351,110 Spearmint oil ..................: (NA) 4,690 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2025 and 2026 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :------------------------------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : metric tons : Grains and hay : Barley .................................: 4.30 4.08 3,066,620 3,097,960 Corn for grain .........................: 11.71 432,341,860 Corn for silage ........................: 48.94 122,959,820 Hay, all 2/ ............................: 5.57 111,611,850 Alfalfa ..............................: 7.67 45,552,470 All other ............................: 4.68 66,059,380 Oats ...................................: 2.65 2.59 1,010,620 917,520 Proso millet ...........................: 2.01 322,930 Rice ...................................: 8.46 9,376,070 Rye ....................................: 2.29 316,470 Sorghum for grain ......................: 4.55 11,095,870 Sorghum for silage .....................: 36.65 6,645,130 Wheat, all 2/ ..........................: 3.58 3.22 54,010,250 41,813,490 Winter ...............................: 3.70 3.14 38,144,050 26,956,310 Durum ................................: 2.73 2.68 2,346,610 1,929,800 Other spring .........................: 3.48 3.52 13,519,590 12,927,380 : Oilseeds : Canola .................................: 2.26 2,109,620 Cottonseed .............................: (X) 3,748,490 Flaxseed ...............................: 1.40 132,140 Mustard seed ...........................: 0.71 32,260 Peanuts ................................: 4.22 3,256,730 Rapeseed ...............................: 2.38 16,010 Safflower ..............................: 1.48 64,940 Soybeans for beans .....................: 3.56 115,988,770 Sunflower ..............................: 2.09 1,053,170 : Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops : Cotton, all 2/ .........................: 0.96 3,025,720 Upland ...............................: 0.94 2,937,540 American Pima ........................: 1.57 88,180 Sugarbeets .............................: 74.33 31,878,470 Sugarcane ..............................: 81.62 31,247,980 Tobacco ................................: 2.35 162,640 : Dry beans, peas, and lentils : Chickpeas ..............................: 1.47 310,440 Dry edible beans .......................: 2.26 1,218,120 Dry edible peas ........................: 1.95 838,240 Lentils ................................: 1.25 478,860 : Potatoes and miscellaneous : Hops ...................................: 2.24 37,710 Maple syrup ............................: (NA) (NA) 28,510 29,390 Mushrooms ..............................: (NA) 303,870 Peppermint oil .........................: 0.12 1,120 Potatoes ...............................: 51.60 18,727,020 Spearmint oil ..........................: 0.16 730 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Area planted for all purposes. 2/ Total may not add due to rounding. Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2025 and 2026 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2025-2026 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ......................1,000 tons: 307 313 Lemons ..........................1,000 tons: 1,131 1,110 Oranges .........................1,000 tons: 2,354 2,609 Tangerines and mandarins ........1,000 tons: 1,235 1,262 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ..........million pounds: 11,102.0 Apricots ..............................tons: 38,250 36,500 Avocados ..............................tons: 185,740 Blueberries, Cultivated .......1,000 pounds: 768,700 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .....1,000 pounds: 57,500 Cherries, Sweet .......................tons: 373,850 310,500 Cherries, Tart ..............million pounds: 142.2 91.0 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............1,000 pounds: 20,735 Cranberries .........................barrel: 7,508,000 : Dates .................................tons: 62,600 Grapes ................................tons: 5,233,500 Kiwifruit (California) ................tons: 40,600 Nectarines (California) ...............tons: 147,000 Olives (California) ...................tons: 144,000 Papayas (Hawaii) ..............1,000 pounds: 9,240 Peaches ...............................tons: 708,250 Pears .................................tons: 763,000 Plums (California) ....................tons: 84,500 Prunes (California) ...................tons: 220,500 Raspberries ...................1,000 pounds: 188,710 Strawberries .....................1,000 cwt: 31,270.0 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .1,000 pounds: 2,715,000 2,700,000 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........tons: 121,500 Macadamias (Hawaii) ...........1,000 pounds: 30,600 Pecans, in-shell ..............1,000 pounds: 284,260 Pistachios (California) .......1,000 pounds: 1,580,000 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........tons: 809,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2024-2025 and 2025-2026. Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units - United States: 2025 and 2026 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2026 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2025-2026 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------- : 2025 : 2026 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Citrus 1/ : Grapefruit ................................: 278,510 283,950 Lemons ....................................: 1,026,030 1,006,980 Oranges ...................................: 2,135,510 2,366,840 Tangerines and mandarins ..................: 1,120,370 1,144,870 : Noncitrus : Apples, commercial ........................: 5,035,780 Apricots ..................................: 34,700 33,110 Avocados ..................................: 168,500 Blueberries, Cultivated ...................: 348,680 Blueberries, Wild (Maine) .................: 26,080 Cherries, Sweet ...........................: 339,150 281,680 Cherries, Tart ............................: 64,500 41,280 Coffee (Hawaii) ...........................: 9,410 Cranberries ...............................: 340,560 : Dates .....................................: 56,790 Grapes ....................................: 4,747,750 Kiwifruit (California) ....................: 36,830 Nectarines (California) ...................: 133,360 Olives (California) .......................: 130,630 Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................: 4,190 Peaches ...................................: 642,510 Pears .....................................: 692,180 Plums (California) ........................: 76,660 Prunes (California) .......................: 200,030 Raspberries ...............................: 85,600 Strawberries ..............................: 1,418,380 : Nuts and miscellaneous : Almonds, shelled (California) .............: 1,231,500 1,224,700 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..............: 110,220 Macadamias (Hawaii) .......................: 13,880 Pecans, in-shell ..........................: 128,940 Pistachios (California) ...................: 716,680 Walnuts, in-shell (California) ............: 733,910 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Production years are 2024-2025 and 2025-2026. Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States during 2026. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are based on counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab - United States: 2022-2026 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : June : July : August Year :----------------------------------------------------------- : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ : Mature 1/ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : 2022 ..........: 14 64 91 2023 ..........: 9 52 94 2024 ..........: 21 70 93 2025 ..........: 8 58 94 2026 ..........: 29 71 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature. Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2022-2026 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2026 1/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Colorado : July ................: 40.8 41.5 39.8 51.7 42.1 August ..............: 39.7 48.4 40.9 49.8 Final ...............: 39.7 48.4 40.9 49.8 : Illinois : July ................: 63.1 58.3 63.1 63.4 56.6 August ..............: 62.9 58.3 61.0 63.4 Final ...............: 62.9 58.3 61.0 63.4 : Kansas : July ................: 40.7 37.3 42.1 51.3 40.1 August ..............: 40.7 38.5 41.1 51.2 Final ...............: 40.7 38.5 41.1 51.2 : Missouri : July ................: 55.5 48.1 57.0 57.7 53.5 August ..............: 55.5 48.1 56.9 57.7 Final ...............: 55.5 48.1 56.6 57.7 : Montana : July ................: 36.0 44.3 47.2 46.5 46.8 August ..............: 38.2 44.8 47.2 47.1 Final ...............: 38.3 44.8 47.2 47.1 : Nebraska : July ................: 45.1 45.7 61.3 51.7 42.8 August ..............: 45.4 43.2 60.6 52.1 Final ...............: 45.4 43.2 60.6 52.1 : Ohio : July ................: 55.1 57.9 61.5 58.7 56.4 August ..............: 55.0 57.7 60.6 58.7 Final ...............: 55.0 57.7 60.6 58.7 : Oklahoma : July ................: 35.2 40.2 36.3 37.8 32.6 August ..............: 35.3 40.2 35.1 37.8 Final ...............: 35.3 40.2 35.1 37.8 : Texas : July ................: 29.0 31.2 30.8 35.2 29.3 August ..............: 28.8 31.3 31.2 34.8 Final ...............: 28.9 31.7 31.2 35.1 : Washington : July ................: 40.3 31.7 39.0 37.8 41.0 August ..............: 41.0 31.9 38.0 36.8 Final ...............: 41.1 31.9 37.9 36.8 : 10 State : July ................: 40.6 39.7 42.3 46.9 40.5 August ..............: 40.8 40.7 41.8 46.6 Final ...............: 40.8 40.8 41.8 46.7 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Final head counts will be published in the "Small Grains 2026 Summary." June Weather Summary Highlights: June downpours delivered significant drought relief across the South, although drought-related impacts lingered in portions of the Atlantic Coast States. Arthur, a short-lived tropical storm, contributed to the Southern deluge before its official development (in southern Texas), during its brief existence on June 17 (in the western Gulf Coast region), and after its transition to a post-tropical system (more broadly across the South). By June 28, Statewide topsoil moisture in agricultural regions was rated 28 percent surplus in Louisiana, along with 25 percent in Alabama and 24 percent in Georgia, according to USDA/NASS. Farther east, however, Virginia led the southern Atlantic States with topsoil moisture rated 60 percent very short to short on that date, followed by South Carolina (53 percent) and North Carolina (49 percent). Even more significant topsoil moisture shortages were observed on June 28 in the middle Atlantic States, led by Maryland (79 percent very short to short) and Delaware (76 percent). Meanwhile, many Midwestern summer crops experienced favorable temperatures and moisture levels while approaching or entering the reproductive stage of development. However, rain was heavy enough in parts of the southern Corn Belt to leave Statewide topsoil moisture 34 to 39 percent surplus on June 28 in Indiana, Illinois and Missouri. Conversely, parts of the westernmost Corn Belt remained unfavorably dry; Statewide topsoil moisture in late June was rated 54 percent very short to short in South Dakota, along with 42 percent in Nebraska. Still, crops were mostly faring well by June 28, with roughly two-thirds of the Nation's corn (67 percent) and soybeans (65 percent) rated in good to excellent condition. However, isolated Midwestern crops were battered by severe weather, including flash flooding, high winds, and large hail. According to preliminary reports from the National Weather Service, nearly 400 tornadoes were observed Nationwide during June, with more than 150 of those touching down in Illinois and Indiana. The Plains experienced mixed conditions, with rain providing ample moisture for summer crops in some areas but largely bypassing others. Nearly all the rain arrived too late to benefit winter wheat, which ended the season (on July 5) with just 26 percent of the National crop rated good to excellent and 47 percent rated very poor to poor. More than one-half of the winter wheat ended the season rated very poor to poor in each State on the central and southern Plains, led by Nebraska (93 percent very poor to poor). Portions of the Plains also experienced lingering drought impacts on rangeland and pastures, which near the end of June were rated 66 percent very poor to poor in Nebraska, along with 63 percent in Colorado. Much of the Nation's Mid-Section also continued to struggle with soil moisture shortages; by June 28, Statewide topsoil moisture was rated more than 40 percent very short to short in all States comprising the Rockies and Plains, except Kansas and North Dakota, led by Colorado at 89 percent. During the pre-monsoon season, numerous Southwestern wildfires flared. By early July, year-to-date wildfires had scorched some 3.3 million acres of vegetation across the country, well above the 10-year average of 2.3 million acres. One of the most destructive June blazes, the Aspen Acres Fire, burned more than 96,000 acres southwest of Pueblo, Colorado, and destroyed more than 850 structures. In Utah, the Cottonwood Fire, near Beaver, also burned more than 96,000 acres, while destroying nearly 200 structures. The Babylon Fire, southwest of Monticello, Utah, torched more than 100,000 acres. June heat (temperatures averaging at least 2 to 4 degrees F above normal), along with low humidity levels, dry thunderstorms, and gusty winds, contributed to the ignition and spread of wildfires in the eastern Great Basin and the Four Corners States. In contrast to the hot weather in much of the Southwest and Far West, near- or below-normal June temperatures stretched from the northern Rockies into the Great Lakes region. Some of the coolest weather, relative to normal, affected the northern High Plains, where June temperatures locally averaged more than 2 degrees F below normal. The Midwest also observed near- or slightly below-normal temperatures. By June 30, drought covered 47.84 percent of the Lower 48 States, down nearly 15 percentage points from the April 21, 2026, peak of 62.78 percent, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor. Most of the improvement occurred across the South, although reductions in drought coverage were also noted in northern New England and portions of the Plains. Conversely, worsening drought was observed during the 10-week period ending June 30 in several areas, including scattered sections of the West and from parts of the Carolinas into southern New England. June Agricultural Summary June brought mixed conditions across key agricultural regions in the United States. Temperatures were near to above normal across much of the western and central United States. In contrast, portions of the northern Rockies and Great Plains, as well as the Ohio Valley and Southeast, recorded below-normal-temperatures. Meanwhile, much of the Pacific Northwest and Great Plains experienced below-normal rainfall. Drier-than-normal conditions prevailed across most of the Atlantic Coast and much of western United States, contributing to a reduction in soil moisture levels. Conversely, parts of the Delta, central Plains, and Corn Belt received significant rainfall, with some locations recording up to two times the normal monthly amount. Corn: Ninety-seven percent of the 2026 Nation's corn crop had been planted by June 7, one percentage point ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Eighty-six percent of the corn acreage had emerged by June 7, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. By June 21, ninety-seven percent of the corn acreage had emerged, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. Five percent of the corn crop was silking by June 21, one percentage point ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5, sixteen percent of the Nation's corn was silking, 1 percentage point behind last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Three percent of the corn crop was at the dough stage by July 5, equal to last year but 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28, sixty-seven percent of the Nation's corn crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 6 percentage points below the same time last year. Soybeans: Ninety-two percent of the soybean crop had been planted by June 7, three percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-nine percent of the Nation's soybean acreage had emerged by June 7, six percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 21, ninety-three percent of the soybean crop had emerged, 4 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nine percent of the soybean crop was blooming by June 21, two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5, thirty-four percent of the 2026 soybean crop was blooming, 4 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nine percent of the soybean crop had begun setting pods by July 5, two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28, sixty-five percent of the Nation's soybean crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 1 percentage point below the same time last year. Winter Wheat: Ninety-two percent of the Nation's winter wheat crop was headed by June 7, five percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 7, eleven percent of the Nation's winter wheat acreage had been harvested, 7 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Forty percent of the Nation's winter wheat acreage had been harvested by June 21, twenty-two percentage points ahead of last year and 16 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5, fifty-nine percent of the Nation's winter wheat acreage had been harvested, 8 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. On June 28, twenty-six percent of the 2026 winter wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 22 percentage points below the same time last year. Cotton: Seventy-seven percent of the cotton acreage had been planted by June 7, two percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Thirteen percent of the Nation's cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by June 7, two percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. By June 21, ninety-two percent of the cotton acreage had been planted, 1 percentage point ahead of last year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twenty-seven percent of the cotton crop had reached the squaring stage by June 21, two percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Five percent of the Nation's cotton crop was setting bolls by June 21, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. By July 5, forty-nine percent of the cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage, 2 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Fourteen percent of the Nation's cotton crop was setting bolls by July 5, one percentage point ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. On June 28, forty-eight percent of the cotton crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points below the same time last year. Sorghum: Fifty-three percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had been planted by June 7, equal to last year but 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By June 21, eighty-four percent of the sorghum acreage had been planted, 2 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 5, ninety-seven percent of the Nation's sorghum acreage had been planted, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead the 5-year average. Twenty-five percent of the sorghum crop had reached the headed stage by July 5, four percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28, fifty- two percent of the sorghum crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 12 percentage points below the same time last year. Rice: Ninety-four percent of the Nation's rice acreage had emerged by June 7, two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 21, thirteen percent of the Nation's rice crop had reached the headed stage, 1 percentage point ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5, twenty-six percent of the Nation's rice crop had reached the headed stage, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28, seventy-four percent of the Nation's rice crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 6 percentage points below the same time last year. Small Grains: Ninety-five percent of the Nation's oat acreage had emerged by June 7, five percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Thirty-nine percent of the oat crop had headed by June 7, two percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 21, sixty-one percent of the oat crop had headed, 3 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. By July 5, eighty-six percent of the Nation's oat crop had headed, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28, fifty-two percent of the oat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 9 percentage points below the same time last year. Ninety-one percent of the barley crop acreage had emerged by June 7, twelve percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 21, twenty percent of the barley crop had reached the headed stage, 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By July 5, sixty percent of the barley crop had reached the headed stage, 9 percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On June 28, fifty-two percent of the Nation's barley crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 9 percentage points above the same time last year. Ninety-eight percent of the spring wheat crop had been seeded by June 7, equal to last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eighty-seven percent of the spring wheat acreage had emerged by June 7, six percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 21, sixteen percent of the spring wheat crop had reached the headed stage, 1 percentage point ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 5, fifty-four percent of the spring wheat crop had reached the headed stage, 4 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. On June 28, fifty-nine percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 6 percentage points above the same time last year. Other Crops: Eighty-seven percent of the 2026 peanut acreage had been planted by June 7, two percentage points behind last year and 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. By June 21, twenty-three percent of the Nation's peanut crop had reached the pegging stage, 1 percentage point behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. By July 5, fifty-one percent of the Nation's peanut crop had reached the pegging stage, 2 percentage points behind last year but equal to the 5-year average. On June 28, sixty-two percent of the Nation's peanut crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 10 percentage points below the same time last year. By June 7, producers had planted 59 percent of this year's sunflower crop, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By June 21, ninety-five percent of the 2026 sunflower acreage had been planted, 6 percentage points ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Crop Comments Oats: Production is forecast at 63.2 million bushels, down 9 percent from 2025. Growers expect to harvest 877,000 acres for grain, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but down 7 percent from 2025. Based on conditions as of July 1, the United States yield is forecast at 72.1 bushels per acre, 1.7 bushels below 2025. If realized, the forecasted yield will be a record high in Iowa and Minnesota. As of June 28, seventy-four percent of the Nation's oat acreage was headed, 2 percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5- year average. As of June 28, fifty-two percent of the Nation's oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 61 percent at the same time last year. Barley: Production is forecast at 142 million bushels, up 1 percent from 2025. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 75.9 bushels per acre, down 4.1 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 1.87 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but up 6 percent from last year. Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 990 million bushels, down 4 percent from the previous forecast and down 29 percent from 2025. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 46.7 bushels per acre, down 0.1 bushel from last month and down 8.2 bushels from last year. If realized, the United States yield would be the lowest since 2015. Record high yields are forecast in Illinois and Michigan for 2026. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year's level in all six States. As of June 28, harvest progress was ahead of normal in Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas, but equal to the 5-year average pace in Nebraska. Harvest had not yet begun in Montana as of June 28. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio) are below last year's level in all three States. As of June 28, harvest progress was ahead of the 5-year pace in Missouri, but behind normal in Illinois and Ohio. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are above last year. Sixty-seven percent of the Washington acreage was rated in good to excellent condition as of June 28. Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 70.9 million bushels, down 18 percent from 2025. The United States yield is forecast at 39.9 bushels per acre, down 0.7 bushel from last year's average yield. Area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 1.78 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but down 16 percent from 2025. Montana and North Dakota are the two largest Durum-producing States. As of June 28, thirteen percent of the acreage in Montana and 71 percent of the acreage in North Dakota were rated in good to excellent condition. As of June 28, Montana Durum wheat progress was only 2 percent headed. In North Dakota, Durum wheat headed progress was rated at 27 percent as of June 28, eighteen percentage points ahead of last year and 10 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 475 million bushels, down 4 percent from 2025. The United States yield is forecast at 52.3 bushels per acre, up 0.6 bushel from last year's average yield of 51.7 bushels per acre. If realized, the United States yield would be the second highest behind 2024. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed is expected to total 9.08 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but 6 percent below 2025. In the six major producing States, 32 percent of the acreage was headed as of June 28, two percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of June 28, fifty-nine percent of the other spring wheat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition compared to 53 percent at the same time in 2025. Grapefruit: The United States 2025-2026 grapefruit crop is forecast at 313,000 tons, up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 2 percent from last season's utilization. The California forecast, at 4.30 million boxes (172,000 tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast and from last season's total. Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 1.26 million tons, up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 2 percent from last season's final utilization. The California tangerine and mandarin forecast, at 31.0 million boxes (1.24 million tons), is up 3 percent from the previous forecast and up 2 percent from last season's total. Lemons: The 2025-2026 United States lemon crop is forecast at 1.11 million tons, down 1 percent from the previous forecast and down 2 percent from last season's utilization. The California forecast, at 26.0 million boxes (1.04 million tons), is unchanged from previous forecast but down 2 percent from the 2024-2025 season's total. Tobacco: The 2026 United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 288 million pounds, up 4 percent from 2025. Area harvested is expected to total 131,500 acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2026, but down 2 percent from 2025. Yield for the 2026 crop year is forecast at 2,190 pounds per acre, 130 pounds above last year's average. Apricots: The 2026 apricot crop is forecast at 36,500 tons, down 5 percent from last year. California's production is unchanged from last year and represents 93 percent of the Nation's total apricot production. Statistical Methodology Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 24 and July 6 to gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for about 70 percent of the 2025 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and internet. Approximately 3,700 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. Orange survey procedures: In Florida during August and September of last year, the number of bearing trees and number of fruit per tree is determined. In August, September, December, and March, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which are combined with the previous components to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts. Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast. Reports from growers in California and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast. Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use. Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 3.6 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 3.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 6.2 percent. Also shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the July 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using winter wheat as an example, changes between the July 1 forecast and the final estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 36 million bushels, ranging from less than 1 million to 98 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. Reliability of July 1 Crop Production Forecasts [Based on data for the past twenty years] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : : Difference between forecast : : : and final estimate : : :---------------------------------------- : :90 percent : Production : Years Crop : Root mean :confidence :---------------------------------------- :square error: interval : : : : Below : Above : : :Average:Smallest:Largest: final : final ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : ---- percent --- ----- millions ----- number : Barley ................bushels: 5.7 9.8 8 (Z) 23 10 10 Oranges 1/ ...............tons: 3.6 6.2 114 9 385 10 10 Oats ..................bushels: 11.2 19.3 7 (Z) 17 6 14 Wheat : Winter wheat ........bushels: 3.6 6.2 36 (Z) 98 9 11 Durum wheat .........bushels: 14.1 24.3 8 (Z) 24 9 11 Other spring .......bushels: 7.3 12.7 28 2 98 9 11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (Z) Less than half of the unit shown. 1/ Quantity is in thousands of units. USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service - Estimation Branch Contacts For more information about specific crops, please contact the Estimation Branch staff members below. You can also email inquiries to nass@usda.gov. Anthony Prillaman, Associate Deputy Administrator................................................................ ............................................................................. ............................................................................. ................................... (202) 720-2127 Darin Jantzi, Section Chief........................................................................ ............................................................................. ............................................................................. ................................................. (701) 412-5953 Crops: Apricots, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Canola, Cauliflower, Chile Peppers, Cucumbers, Hemp, Macadamias, Mustard Seed, Nectarines, Peaches, Plums, Pumpkins, Prunes, Rapeseed, Rye, Safflower, Soybeans, Squash, Sunflower Jeff Lemmons, Section Chief,....................................................................... ............................................................................. ............................................................................. ................................................. (202) 973-3272 Crops: Artichokes, Avocados, Cabbage, Crop Progress, Dates, Dry Edible Beans, Grapes, Green Peas, Hops, Olives, Pistachios, Potatoes, Rice, Snap Beans, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes, Tomatoes, Walnuts, Wheat Fleming Gibson, Section Chief (Acting)..................................................................... ............................................................................. ............................................................................. ......................................... (202) 236-2428 Crops: Almonds, Asparagus, Barley, Beets, Blueberries, Carrots, Chickpeas, Coffee, Corn, Cranberries, Dry Edible Peas, Garlic, Grapefruit, Lemons, Lentils, Mandarins/Tangerines, Maple, Mushrooms, Onions, Oranges, Papayas, Pears, Pecans, Raspberries, Sweet Corn, Tobacco Julie Weber, Section Chief........................................................................ ............................................................................. ............................................................................. .................................................. (202) 317-0165 Crops: Apples, Cantaloupe, Cotton, Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Fats and Oils, Flaxseed, Flour Milling Products, Grain Crushings, Hay, Hazelnuts, Honeydew, Kale, Kiwifruit, Lettuce, Mint, Oats, Peanuts, Proso Millet, Sorghum, Spinach, Strawberries, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Watermelon Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Economics, Statistics, and Market Information (ESMIS) - National Agricultural Library (NAL) website houses NASS's and other agency archived reports at https://esmis.nal.usda.gov. 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