Milk Production ISSN: 1949-1557 Released February 20, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). January Milk Production up 3.4 percent Milk production in the 24 major States during January totaled 19.1 billion pounds, up 3.4 percent from January 2025. December revised production, at 18.8 billion pounds, was up 4.4 percent from December 2024. The December revision represented a decrease of 36 million pounds or 0.2 percent from last month's preliminary production estimate. Production per cow in the 24 major States averaged 2,082 pounds for January, 24 pounds above January 2025. The number of milk cows on farms in the 24 major States was 9.15 million head, up 200,000 head from January 2025, and up 15,000 head from December 2025. 2025 Annual Milk Production up 2.6 percent from 2024 The annual production of milk for the United States during 2025 was 232 billion pounds, up 2.6 percent from 2024. Revisions to 2024 production increased the annual total 21 million pounds. Revised 2025 production was up 176 million pounds from last month's publication. Annual total milk production has increased 9.0 percent from 2016. Production per cow in the United States averaged 24,390 pounds for 2025, 218 pounds above 2024. The average annual rate of milk production per cow has increased 7.2 percent from 2016. The average number of milk cows on farms in the United States during 2025 was 9.50 million head, up 153,000 head from 2024. The average number of milk cows was revised up 8,000 head for 2025. The average annual number of milk cows has increased 1.8 percent from 2016. This page intentionally left blank Contents Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - United States: 2025-2026................................ 4 Milk Cows and Production by Month - 24 Selected States: 2025-2026............................. 4 Estimated Milk Cows and Production by Month - United States: 2025-2026........................ 4 Milk Cows and Production - 24 Selected States: January 2025 and 2026.......................... 5 Monthly Milk Production - 24 Selected States.................................................. 5 Milk Cows and Production - 24 Selected States: December 2024 and 2025......................... 6 Monthly Milk Cows - 24 Selected States........................................................ 6 Milk Cows and Production - United States: 2016-2025........................................... 7 Milk Production - United States: 2016-2025.................................................... 7 Milk Cows and Production - States and United States: 2024 and 2025............................ 8 Milk Cows - United States: 2016-2025.......................................................... 9 Production per Cow - United States: 2016-2025................................................. 9 Milk Cows by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2024.............. 10 Milk Cows by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2025.............. 11 Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2024.. 12 Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2025.. 13 Milk Production by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2024........ 14 Milk Production by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2025........ 15 Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2024.......................... 16 Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2025.......................... 17 Licensed Dairy Herds - States and United States: 2024 and 2025................................ 18 Statistical Methodology....................................................................... 19 Reliability of Monthly Milk Production Estimates.............................................. 19 Information Contacts.......................................................................... 20 Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - United States: 2025-2026 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :--------------------------------------------------------------------- Quarter : : : : : : : Change : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : from : : : : : : : 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head --- pounds -- million pounds percent : January-March ...: 9,410 6,043 56,865 April-June ......: 9,474 6,205 58,783 July-September ..: 9,543 6,100 58,208 October-December : 9,564 6,044 57,802 : Annual ..........: 9,498 24,390 231,658 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production by Month - 24 Selected States: 2025-2026 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change Month : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : from : : : : : : : 2025 :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : January .......: 8,954 9,154 2,058 2,082 18,423 19,058 3.4 February ......: 8,966 1,899 17,030 March .........: 8,995 2,126 19,124 April .........: 9,017 2,069 18,659 May ...........: 9,043 2,134 19,298 June ..........: 9,046 2,044 18,489 July ..........: 9,082 2,088 18,967 August ........: 9,113 2,066 18,827 September .....: 9,142 1,994 18,230 October .......: 9,137 2,049 18,726 November ......: 9,130 1,981 18,088 December ......: 9,139 2,056 18,787 : Annual ........: 9,064 24,564 222,648 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Estimated Milk Cows and Production by Month - United States: 2025-2026 [May not add due to rounding. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change Month : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : from : : : : : : : 2025 :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : January .......: 9,391 9,580 2,044 2,068 19,194 19,810 3.2 February ......: 9,404 1,887 17,746 March .........: 9,434 2,112 19,925 April .........: 9,455 2,055 19,432 May ...........: 9,481 2,120 20,097 June ..........: 9,485 2,030 19,254 July ..........: 9,511 2,072 19,706 August ........: 9,543 2,050 19,560 September .....: 9,574 1,978 18,942 October .......: 9,566 2,035 19,469 November ......: 9,559 1,967 18,804 December ......: 9,566 2,042 19,529 : Annual ........: 9,498 24,390 231,658 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - 24 Selected States: January 2025 and 2026 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : 2025 : 2026 : from : : : : : : : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : Arizona .........: 192 193 2,145 2,145 412 414 0.5 California ......: 1,710 1,712 1,960 2,050 3,352 3,510 4.7 Colorado ........: 206 213 2,205 2,210 454 471 3.7 Florida .........: 95 95 1,885 1,880 179 179 - Georgia .........: 85 89 2,050 2,085 174 186 6.9 Idaho ...........: 700 722 2,130 2,130 1,491 1,538 3.2 Illinois ........: 77 76 1,870 1,870 144 142 -1.4 Indiana .........: 191 197 2,030 2,040 388 402 3.6 Iowa ............: 245 245 2,080 2,100 510 515 1.0 Kansas ..........: 181 226 2,035 2,055 368 464 26.1 : Michigan ........: 445 460 2,335 2,340 1,039 1,076 3.6 Minnesota .......: 440 455 2,000 2,000 880 910 3.4 New Mexico ......: 238 230 2,120 2,115 505 486 -3.8 New York ........: 630 653 2,165 2,160 1,364 1,410 3.4 Ohio ............: 251 256 1,925 1,930 483 494 2.3 Oregon ..........: 117 123 1,760 1,760 206 216 4.9 Pennsylvania ....: 465 454 1,810 1,800 842 817 -3.0 South Dakota ....: 218 242 1,975 1,975 431 478 10.9 Texas ...........: 678 715 2,190 2,235 1,485 1,598 7.6 Utah ............: 93 97 1,950 1,960 181 190 5.0 : Vermont .........: 113 114 1,865 1,860 211 212 0.5 Virginia ........: 66 66 1,800 1,815 119 120 0.8 Washington ......: 253 236 2,020 2,035 511 480 -6.1 Wisconsin .......: 1,265 1,285 2,130 2,140 2,694 2,750 2.1 : 24-State Total ..: 8,954 9,154 2,058 2,082 18,423 19,058 3.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - 24 Selected States: December 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : from : : : : : : : 2024 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : Arizona .......: 189 196 2,095 2,080 396 408 3.0 California ....: 1,707 1,712 1,860 2,020 3,175 3,458 8.9 Colorado ......: 205 210 2,195 2,185 450 459 2.0 Florida .......: 96 98 1,745 1,775 168 174 3.6 Georgia .......: 85 89 2,010 2,055 171 183 7.0 Idaho .........: 692 725 2,095 2,110 1,450 1,530 5.5 Illinois ......: 77 76 1,820 1,830 140 139 -0.7 Indiana .......: 190 195 2,010 2,020 382 394 3.1 Iowa ..........: 245 245 2,060 2,080 505 510 1.0 Kansas ........: 180 225 1,995 2,015 359 453 26.2 : Michigan ......: 444 460 2,315 2,315 1,028 1,065 3.6 Minnesota .....: 442 455 1,965 1,975 869 899 3.5 New Mexico ....: 240 230 2,060 2,050 494 472 -4.5 New York ......: 630 650 2,120 2,150 1,336 1,398 4.6 Ohio ..........: 250 255 1,910 1,920 478 490 2.5 Oregon ........: 117 120 1,710 1,725 200 207 3.5 Pennsylvania ..: 465 455 1,765 1,760 821 801 -2.4 South Dakota ..: 215 240 1,970 1,960 424 470 10.8 Texas .........: 675 705 2,195 2,205 1,482 1,555 4.9 Utah ..........: 91 97 1,935 1,945 176 189 7.4 : Vermont .......: 113 115 1,840 1,820 208 209 0.5 Virginia ......: 66 66 1,780 1,780 117 117 - Washington ....: 254 235 1,970 2,000 500 470 -6.0 Wisconsin .....: 1,265 1,285 2,110 2,130 2,669 2,737 2.5 : 24-State Total : 8,933 9,139 2,015 2,056 17,998 18,787 4.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. 1/ Includes dry cows. Excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - United States: 2016-2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Production per cow : Milk production : : 2/ : 2/ Year : Milk cows 1/ :---------------------------------------------- : : Milk : Total -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head pounds million pounds : 2016 ........: 9,334 22,761 212,451 2017 ........: 9,406 22,914 215,527 2018 ........: 9,398 23,152 217,584 2019 ........: 9,335 23,401 218,444 2020 ........: 9,396 23,764 223,282 2021 ........: 9,449 23,943 226,238 2022 ........: 9,400 24,087 226,416 2023 ........: 9,384 24,117 226,311 2024 ........: 9,345 24,172 225,889 2025 ........: 9,498 24,390 231,658 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Average number during year, excluding heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. Milk Cows and Production - States and United States: 2024 and 2025 [May not add due to rounding] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk per cow 2/ : Milk production 2/ State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Change : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : from : : : : : : : 2024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head 1,000 head pounds pounds million pounds million pounds percent : Alabama .........: 2.3 (D) 12,174 (D) 28.0 (D) (X) Alaska ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (X) Arizona .........: 192.0 195.0 24,438 24,431 4,692.0 4,764.0 1.5 Arkansas ........: 2.1 (D) 12,381 (D) 26.0 (D) (X) California ......: 1,708.0 1,712.0 23,588 23,919 40,288.0 40,950.0 1.6 Colorado ........: 203.0 210.0 25,892 25,995 5,256.0 5,459.0 3.9 Connecticut .....: 17.5 (D) 24,229 (D) 424.0 (D) (X) Delaware ........: 2.6 (D) 18,154 (D) 47.2 (D) (X) Florida .........: 99.0 97.0 20,495 21,309 2,029.0 2,067.0 1.9 Georgia .........: 85.0 88.0 22,824 23,761 1,940.0 2,091.0 7.8 : Hawaii ..........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (X) Idaho ...........: 672.0 714.0 25,330 25,571 17,022.0 18,258.0 7.3 Illinois ........: 78.0 76.0 21,744 21,882 1,696.0 1,663.0 -1.9 Indiana .........: 190.0 192.0 23,768 23,938 4,516.0 4,596.0 1.8 Iowa ............: 242.0 244.0 24,843 24,807 6,012.0 6,053.0 0.7 Kansas ..........: 177.0 206.0 23,876 24,039 4,226.0 4,952.0 17.2 Kentucky ........: 42.0 39.0 20,143 20,385 846.0 795.0 -6.0 Louisiana .......: 7.5 (D) 12,667 (D) 95.0 (D) (X) Maine ...........: 24.0 24.0 22,708 22,833 545.0 548.0 0.6 Maryland ........: 39.0 38.0 21,000 21,158 819.0 804.0 -1.8 : Massachusetts ...: 9.0 (D) 20,000 (D) 180.0 (D) (X) Michigan ........: 439.0 453.0 27,638 27,695 12,133.0 12,546.0 3.4 Minnesota .......: 444.0 447.0 23,414 23,749 10,396.0 10,616.0 2.1 Mississippi .....: 5.5 (D) 11,818 (D) 65.0 (D) (X) Missouri ........: 57.0 54.0 14,000 13,926 798.0 752.0 -5.8 Montana .........: 8.5 (D) 23,294 (D) 198.0 (D) (X) Nebraska ........: 50.0 50.0 24,940 24,700 1,247.0 1,235.0 -1.0 Nevada ..........: 31.0 33.0 25,097 25,455 778.0 840.0 8.0 New Hampshire ...: 9.5 (D) 21,474 (D) 204.0 (D) (X) New Jersey ......: 3.9 (D) 21,538 (D) 84.0 (D) (X) : New Mexico ......: 240.0 237.0 24,717 24,743 5,932.0 5,864.0 -1.1 New York ........: 630.0 642.0 25,571 25,807 16,110.0 16,568.0 2.8 North Carolina ..: 38.0 35.0 22,553 23,371 857.0 818.0 -4.6 North Dakota ....: 9.5 (D) 24,000 (D) 228.0 (D) (X) Ohio ............: 253.0 253.0 22,514 22,715 5,696.0 5,747.0 0.9 Oklahoma ........: 40.0 43.0 18,600 18,698 744.0 804.0 8.1 Oregon ..........: 117.0 119.0 21,043 21,034 2,462.0 2,503.0 1.7 Pennsylvania ....: 465.0 461.0 21,037 21,121 9,782.0 9,737.0 -0.5 Rhode Island ....: 0.5 (D) 17,200 (D) 8.6 (D) (X) South Carolina ..: 8.0 (D) 18,125 (D) 145.0 (D) (X) : South Dakota ....: 213.0 232.0 23,249 23,366 4,952.0 5,421.0 9.5 Tennessee .......: 24.0 22.0 18,708 18,455 449.0 406.0 -9.6 Texas ...........: 657.0 696.0 25,932 26,159 17,037.0 18,207.0 6.9 Utah ............: 91.0 97.0 23,297 23,247 2,120.0 2,255.0 6.4 Vermont .........: 114.0 114.0 21,746 22,044 2,479.0 2,513.0 1.4 Virginia ........: 67.0 66.0 20,851 21,197 1,397.0 1,399.0 0.1 Washington ......: 259.0 242.0 24,143 24,095 6,253.0 5,831.0 -6.7 West Virginia ...: 4.0 (D) 14,750 (D) 59.0 (D) (X) Wisconsin .......: 1,269.0 1,273.0 25,478 25,599 32,332.0 32,588.0 0.8 Wyoming .........: 9.0 (D) 27,578 (D) 248.2 (D) (X) : Other States 3/ .: 0.9 97.0 8,778 20,696 7.9 2,007.5 (X) : United States ...: 9,345.0 9,498.0 24,172 24,390 225,889.0 231,658.0 2.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Average number during year, excluding heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ Includes data for States not published in this table. Milk Cows by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2024 [Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona .........: 196 193 193 193 192 190 California ......: 1,709 1,709 1,709 1,709 1,708 1,707 Colorado ........: 198 201 203 203 203 202 Florida .........: 98 98 100 102 100 98 Georgia .........: 87 86 85 85 85 85 Idaho ...........: 663 665 668 669 666 667 Illinois ........: 79 79 79 79 78 78 Indiana .........: 190 190 190 189 189 189 Iowa ............: 240 242 242 243 243 241 Kansas ..........: 174 174 174 173 173 173 : Michigan ........: 439 439 439 438 438 436 Minnesota .......: 449 448 446 446 446 444 New Mexico ......: 240 243 240 235 238 238 New York ........: 630 630 630 630 632 630 Ohio ............: 255 254 255 255 253 252 Oregon ..........: 115 116 116 118 118 118 Pennsylvania ....: 465 465 465 465 465 465 South Dakota ....: 210 210 212 212 212 213 Texas ...........: 635 645 643 640 645 650 Utah ............: 89 90 91 91 91 91 : Vermont .........: 116 116 115 115 114 114 Virginia ........: 67 67 67 67 67 66 Washington ......: 257 258 260 261 260 260 Wisconsin .......: 1,270 1,270 1,270 1,272 1,272 1,270 : 24-State total ..: 8,871 8,888 8,892 8,890 8,888 8,877 : United States 1/ : 9,325 9,343 9,347 9,335 9,333 9,322 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December :average 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : : Arizona .........: 190 192 192 190 189 189 192 California ......: 1,707 1,707 1,708 1,709 1,709 1,707 1,708 Colorado ........: 200 200 202 206 204 205 203 Florida .........: 98 98 98 98 96 96 99 Georgia .........: 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 Idaho ...........: 667 672 674 680 685 692 672 Illinois ........: 78 77 77 77 77 77 78 Indiana .........: 189 189 189 189 192 190 190 Iowa ............: 241 241 243 244 244 245 242 Kansas ..........: 177 178 181 181 180 180 177 : Michigan ........: 436 437 438 439 440 444 439 Minnesota .......: 442 442 442 442 442 442 444 New Mexico ......: 239 239 240 242 240 240 240 New York ........: 630 630 630 628 629 630 630 Ohio ............: 252 252 251 252 251 250 253 Oregon ..........: 117 118 118 118 116 117 117 Pennsylvania ....: 465 465 465 465 465 465 465 South Dakota ....: 213 214 215 215 215 215 213 Texas ...........: 660 670 670 675 675 675 657 Utah ............: 92 92 91 91 91 91 91 : Vermont .........: 114 113 113 113 113 113 114 Virginia ........: 66 66 66 66 66 66 67 Washington ......: 260 260 259 259 255 254 259 Wisconsin .......: 1,268 1,266 1,266 1,266 1,266 1,265 1,269 : 24-State Total ..: 8,886 8,903 8,913 8,930 8,925 8,933 8,900 : United States 1/ : 9,327 9,345 9,355 9,370 9,364 9,374 9,345 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 24-state monthly totals. 2/ Average based on monthly totals. Milk Cows by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2025 [Includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : Arizona .........: 192 192 191 191 191 191 California ......: 1,710 1,709 1,710 1,710 1,710 1,710 Colorado ........: 206 208 209 209 210 211 Florida .........: 95 95 95 95 97 97 Georgia .........: 85 85 85 87 87 87 Idaho ...........: 700 700 700 704 710 715 Illinois ........: 77 77 77 76 76 75 Indiana .........: 191 192 192 189 194 191 Iowa ............: 245 244 244 244 244 242 Kansas ..........: 181 181 187 196 202 206 : Michigan ........: 445 445 446 448 453 452 Minnesota .......: 440 440 442 442 444 444 New Mexico ......: 238 240 243 239 239 238 New York ........: 630 632 635 638 638 641 Ohio ............: 251 252 254 254 258 254 Oregon ..........: 117 116 116 116 116 118 Pennsylvania ....: 465 464 464 464 462 460 South Dakota ....: 218 221 226 230 233 233 Texas ...........: 678 684 688 690 694 696 Utah ............: 93 94 95 97 97 96 : Vermont .........: 113 113 113 113 113 113 Virginia ........: 66 66 66 67 67 67 Washington ......: 253 251 251 251 240 239 Wisconsin .......: 1,265 1,265 1,266 1,267 1,268 1,270 : 24-State total ..: 8,954 8,966 8,995 9,017 9,043 9,046 : United States 1/ : 9,391 9,404 9,434 9,455 9,481 9,485 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December :average 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 head : : Arizona .........: 196 202 200 197 196 196 195 California ......: 1,715 1,715 1,713 1,713 1,712 1,712 1,712 Colorado ........: 211 211 211 211 210 210 210 Florida .........: 97 97 99 99 98 98 97 Georgia .........: 89 89 89 89 89 89 88 Idaho ...........: 723 722 725 720 721 725 714 Illinois ........: 74 75 79 77 76 76 76 Indiana .........: 189 190 193 194 194 195 192 Iowa ............: 242 244 246 246 245 245 244 Kansas ..........: 213 218 219 221 223 225 206 : Michigan ........: 453 455 460 459 459 460 453 Minnesota .......: 445 450 452 455 455 455 447 New Mexico ......: 236 236 236 235 233 230 237 New York ........: 644 649 649 649 650 650 642 Ohio ............: 252 251 252 254 254 255 253 Oregon ..........: 120 123 123 121 120 120 119 Pennsylvania ....: 460 460 460 460 455 455 461 South Dakota ....: 234 234 235 235 239 240 232 Texas ...........: 700 700 706 702 704 705 696 Utah ............: 98 98 98 98 97 97 97 : Vermont .........: 114 115 116 116 115 115 114 Virginia ........: 66 66 67 67 66 66 66 Washington ......: 239 237 234 237 236 235 242 Wisconsin .......: 1,272 1,276 1,280 1,282 1,283 1,285 1,273 : 24-State total ..: 9,082 9,113 9,142 9,137 9,130 9,139 9,064 : United States 1/ : 9,511 9,543 9,574 9,566 9,559 9,566 9,498 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 24-state monthly totals. 2/ Average based on monthly totals. Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2024 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : Arizona .........: 2,125 2,070 2,280 2,180 2,185 2,015 California ......: 2,070 1,970 2,140 2,065 2,095 1,960 Colorado ........: 2,205 2,070 2,235 2,170 2,230 2,090 Florida .........: 1,835 1,750 1,925 1,875 1,780 1,715 Georgia .........: 1,890 1,830 2,005 1,955 1,935 1,850 Idaho ...........: 2,085 1,970 2,145 2,110 2,160 2,095 Illinois ........: 1,855 1,785 1,950 1,880 1,930 1,785 Indiana .........: 2,000 1,870 2,045 1,995 2,055 1,980 Iowa ............: 2,110 2,000 2,150 2,095 2,150 2,020 Kansas ..........: 2,020 1,935 2,095 1,980 2,065 1,945 : Michigan ........: 2,320 2,200 2,370 2,310 2,375 2,280 Minnesota .......: 1,955 1,860 2,005 1,945 2,020 1,930 New Mexico ......: 2,130 2,030 2,200 2,120 2,170 2,020 New York ........: 2,125 2,020 2,190 2,150 2,230 2,130 Ohio ............: 1,885 1,785 1,930 1,880 1,930 1,865 Oregon ..........: 1,730 1,655 1,820 1,765 1,840 1,765 Pennsylvania ....: 1,795 1,710 1,860 1,805 1,825 1,725 South Dakota ....: 1,905 1,825 1,950 1,900 1,975 1,915 Texas ...........: 2,195 2,110 2,225 2,135 2,235 2,110 Utah ............: 1,950 1,820 1,960 1,935 2,030 1,975 : Vermont .........: 1,820 1,725 1,860 1,800 1,885 1,800 Virginia ........: 1,800 1,710 1,860 1,825 1,820 1,715 Washington ......: 2,035 1,930 2,080 2,040 2,105 2,020 Wisconsin .......: 2,135 2,025 2,185 2,130 2,220 2,120 : 24-State total ..: 2,063 1,962 2,121 2,060 2,118 2,012 : United States 1/ : 2,047 1,947 2,105 2,045 2,103 1,998 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December :average 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : : Arizona .........: 1,905 1,860 1,850 1,960 1,955 2,095 24,438 California ......: 1,940 1,980 1,880 1,870 1,755 1,860 23,588 Colorado ........: 2,155 2,205 2,140 2,185 2,105 2,195 25,892 Florida .........: 1,685 1,590 1,520 1,570 1,615 1,745 20,495 Georgia .........: 1,840 1,850 1,800 1,930 1,890 2,010 22,824 Idaho ...........: 2,200 2,200 2,100 2,130 2,030 2,095 25,330 Illinois ........: 1,785 1,740 1,700 1,780 1,740 1,820 21,744 Indiana .........: 2,015 1,985 1,930 1,990 1,950 2,010 23,768 Iowa ............: 2,085 2,060 2,000 2,080 1,995 2,060 24,843 Kansas ..........: 2,000 2,005 1,960 2,005 1,940 1,995 23,876 : Michigan ........: 2,360 2,320 2,250 2,330 2,235 2,315 27,638 Minnesota .......: 1,980 1,965 1,920 1,965 1,890 1,965 23,414 New Mexico ......: 2,055 2,010 1,970 2,055 1,960 2,060 24,717 New York ........: 2,185 2,160 2,085 2,120 2,055 2,120 25,571 Ohio ............: 1,920 1,910 1,820 1,880 1,830 1,910 22,514 Oregon ..........: 1,805 1,785 1,710 1,760 1,680 1,710 21,043 Pennsylvania ....: 1,735 1,725 1,675 1,725 1,690 1,765 21,037 South Dakota ....: 1,985 1,990 1,935 1,990 1,900 1,970 23,249 Texas ...........: 2,155 2,155 2,085 2,225 2,110 2,195 25,932 Utah ............: 2,010 1,980 1,910 1,935 1,870 1,935 23,297 : Vermont .........: 1,820 1,825 1,750 1,840 1,770 1,840 21,746 Virginia ........: 1,730 1,720 1,645 1,705 1,690 1,780 20,851 Washington ......: 2,045 2,060 1,990 2,000 1,905 1,970 24,143 Wisconsin .......: 2,170 2,140 2,075 2,130 2,050 2,110 25,478 : 24-State total ..: 2,046 2,040 1,969 2,017 1,934 2,015 24,355 : United States 1/ : 2,029 2,023 1,952 2,003 1,921 2,000 24,172 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 24-state monthly totals. 2/ Average per cow for the year. Milk Produced per Cow by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2025 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : Arizona .........: 2,145 2,015 2,275 2,185 2,185 2,040 California ......: 1,960 1,850 2,085 2,030 2,085 2,005 Colorado ........: 2,205 2,005 2,235 2,170 2,235 2,155 Florida .........: 1,885 1,760 1,965 1,895 1,915 1,805 Georgia .........: 2,050 1,920 2,125 2,040 2,065 1,960 Idaho ...........: 2,130 1,940 2,155 2,130 2,210 2,150 Illinois ........: 1,870 1,730 1,950 1,880 1,945 1,830 Indiana .........: 2,030 1,840 2,050 2,000 2,075 1,990 Iowa ............: 2,080 1,910 2,135 2,085 2,160 2,060 Kansas ..........: 2,035 1,870 2,100 2,020 2,080 1,975 : Michigan ........: 2,335 2,130 2,385 2,315 2,400 2,290 Minnesota .......: 2,000 1,825 2,040 1,995 2,065 1,980 New Mexico ......: 2,120 1,975 2,215 2,130 2,165 2,035 New York ........: 2,165 1,980 2,215 2,155 2,225 2,150 Ohio ............: 1,925 1,760 1,955 1,890 1,960 1,890 Oregon ..........: 1,760 1,620 1,810 1,760 1,830 1,770 Pennsylvania ....: 1,810 1,670 1,865 1,810 1,835 1,740 South Dakota ....: 1,975 1,790 1,985 1,925 1,995 1,925 Texas ...........: 2,190 2,040 2,275 2,190 2,265 2,160 Utah ............: 1,950 1,770 1,965 1,940 2,040 1,985 : Vermont .........: 1,865 1,700 1,905 1,850 1,915 1,830 Virginia ........: 1,800 1,675 1,875 1,840 1,840 1,720 Washington ......: 2,020 1,850 2,070 2,050 2,080 2,010 Wisconsin .......: 2,130 1,960 2,195 2,145 2,235 2,125 : 24-State total ..: 2,058 1,899 2,126 2,069 2,134 2,044 : United States 1/ : 2,044 1,887 2,112 2,055 2,120 2,030 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December :average 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : pounds : : Arizona .........: 1,950 1,890 1,840 1,945 1,955 2,080 24,431 California ......: 2,045 1,990 1,920 1,990 1,945 2,020 23,919 Colorado ........: 2,220 2,210 2,135 2,175 2,100 2,185 25,995 Florida .........: 1,765 1,675 1,615 1,660 1,655 1,775 21,309 Georgia .........: 1,950 1,930 1,885 1,980 1,935 2,055 23,761 Idaho ...........: 2,230 2,220 2,125 2,140 2,035 2,110 25,571 Illinois ........: 1,810 1,750 1,725 1,770 1,740 1,830 21,882 Indiana .........: 2,010 1,990 1,950 2,010 1,970 2,020 23,938 Iowa ............: 2,100 2,065 2,015 2,080 2,005 2,080 24,807 Kansas ..........: 2,010 2,010 1,960 2,020 1,955 2,015 24,039 : Michigan ........: 2,355 2,340 2,265 2,330 2,240 2,315 27,695 Minnesota .......: 2,030 2,005 1,935 1,990 1,910 1,975 23,749 New Mexico ......: 2,065 2,035 1,980 2,020 1,955 2,050 24,743 New York ........: 2,210 2,205 2,095 2,155 2,095 2,150 25,807 Ohio ............: 1,925 1,905 1,820 1,885 1,835 1,920 22,715 Oregon ..........: 1,815 1,800 1,725 1,770 1,680 1,725 21,034 Pennsylvania ....: 1,760 1,755 1,700 1,735 1,690 1,760 21,121 South Dakota ....: 2,005 1,995 1,950 2,000 1,900 1,960 23,366 Texas ...........: 2,205 2,190 2,125 2,205 2,125 2,205 26,159 Utah ............: 2,020 1,995 1,920 1,945 1,875 1,945 23,247 : Vermont .........: 1,875 1,870 1,785 1,840 1,780 1,820 22,044 Virginia ........: 1,735 1,735 1,665 1,705 1,685 1,780 21,197 Washington ......: 2,055 2,050 1,970 2,020 1,930 2,000 24,095 Wisconsin .......: 2,185 2,180 2,105 2,150 2,055 2,130 25,599 : 24-State total ..: 2,088 2,066 1,994 2,049 1,981 2,056 24,564 : United States 1/ : 2,072 2,050 1,978 2,035 1,967 2,042 24,390 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 24-state monthly totals. 2/ Average per cow for the year. Milk Production by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2024 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : Arizona .........: 417 400 440 421 420 383 California ......: 3,538 3,367 3,657 3,529 3,578 3,346 Colorado ........: 437 416 454 441 453 422 Florida .........: 180 172 193 191 178 168 Georgia .........: 164 157 170 166 164 157 Idaho ...........: 1,382 1,310 1,433 1,412 1,439 1,397 Illinois ........: 147 141 154 149 151 139 Indiana .........: 380 355 389 377 388 374 Iowa ............: 506 484 520 509 522 487 Kansas ..........: 351 337 365 343 357 336 : Michigan ........: 1,018 966 1,040 1,012 1,040 994 Minnesota .......: 878 833 894 867 901 857 New Mexico ......: 511 493 528 498 516 481 New York ........: 1,339 1,273 1,380 1,355 1,409 1,342 Ohio ............: 481 453 492 479 488 470 Oregon ..........: 199 192 211 208 217 208 Pennsylvania ....: 835 795 865 839 849 802 South Dakota ....: 400 383 413 403 419 408 Texas ...........: 1,394 1,361 1,431 1,366 1,442 1,372 Utah ............: 174 164 178 176 185 180 : Vermont .........: 211 200 214 207 215 205 Virginia ........: 121 115 125 122 122 113 Washington ......: 523 498 541 532 547 525 Wisconsin .......: 2,711 2,572 2,775 2,709 2,824 2,692 : 24-State total ..: 18,297 17,437 18,862 18,311 18,824 17,858 : United States 1/ : 19,087 18,190 19,677 19,093 19,628 18,621 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December : total 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : : Arizona .........: 362 357 355 372 369 396 4,692 California ......: 3,312 3,380 3,211 3,196 2,999 3,175 40,288 Colorado ........: 431 441 432 450 429 450 5,256 Florida .........: 165 156 149 154 155 168 2,029 Georgia .........: 156 157 153 164 161 171 1,940 Idaho ...........: 1,467 1,478 1,415 1,448 1,391 1,450 17,022 Illinois ........: 139 134 131 137 134 140 1,696 Indiana .........: 381 375 365 376 374 382 4,516 Iowa ............: 502 496 486 508 487 505 6,012 Kansas ..........: 354 357 355 363 349 359 4,226 : Michigan ........: 1,029 1,014 986 1,023 983 1,028 12,133 Minnesota .......: 875 869 849 869 835 869 10,396 New Mexico ......: 491 480 473 497 470 494 5,932 New York ........: 1,377 1,361 1,314 1,331 1,293 1,336 16,110 Ohio ............: 484 481 457 474 459 478 5,696 Oregon ..........: 211 211 202 208 195 200 2,462 Pennsylvania ....: 807 802 779 802 786 821 9,782 South Dakota ....: 423 426 416 428 409 424 4,952 Texas ...........: 1,422 1,444 1,397 1,502 1,424 1,482 17,037 Utah ............: 185 182 174 176 170 176 2,120 : Vermont .........: 207 206 198 208 200 208 2,479 Virginia ........: 114 114 109 113 112 117 1,397 Washington ......: 532 536 515 518 486 500 6,253 Wisconsin .......: 2,752 2,709 2,627 2,697 2,595 2,669 32,332 : 24-State total ..: 18,178 18,166 17,548 18,014 17,265 17,998 216,758 : United States 1/ : 18,921 18,908 18,265 18,765 17,985 18,749 225,889 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 24-state monthly totals. 2/ Total milk production for the year. Milk Production by Month - 24 Selected States, 24 State Total, and United States: 2025 [Excludes milk sucked by calves] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January : February : March : April : May : June ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : Arizona .........: 412 387 435 417 417 390 California ......: 3,352 3,162 3,565 3,471 3,565 3,429 Colorado ........: 454 417 467 454 469 455 Florida .........: 179 167 187 180 186 175 Georgia .........: 174 163 181 177 180 171 Idaho ...........: 1,491 1,358 1,509 1,500 1,569 1,537 Illinois ........: 144 133 150 143 148 137 Indiana .........: 388 353 394 378 403 380 Iowa ............: 510 466 521 509 527 499 Kansas ..........: 368 338 393 396 420 407 : Michigan ........: 1,039 948 1,064 1,037 1,087 1,035 Minnesota .......: 880 803 902 882 917 879 New Mexico ......: 505 474 538 509 517 484 New York ........: 1,364 1,251 1,407 1,375 1,420 1,378 Ohio ............: 483 444 497 480 506 480 Oregon ..........: 206 188 210 204 212 209 Pennsylvania ....: 842 775 865 840 848 800 South Dakota ....: 431 396 449 443 465 449 Texas ...........: 1,485 1,395 1,565 1,511 1,572 1,503 Utah ............: 181 166 187 188 198 191 : Vermont .........: 211 192 215 209 216 207 Virginia ........: 119 111 124 123 123 115 Washington ......: 511 464 520 515 499 480 Wisconsin .......: 2,694 2,479 2,779 2,718 2,834 2,699 : 24-State total ..: 18,423 17,030 19,124 18,659 19,298 18,489 : United States 1/ : 19,194 17,746 19,925 19,432 20,097 19,254 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : : : : : Annual State : July : August :September : October : November : December : total 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- : million pounds : : Arizona .........: 382 382 368 383 383 408 4,764 California ......: 3,507 3,413 3,289 3,409 3,330 3,458 40,950 Colorado ........: 468 466 450 459 441 459 5,459 Florida .........: 171 162 160 164 162 174 2,067 Georgia .........: 174 172 168 176 172 183 2,091 Idaho ...........: 1,612 1,603 1,541 1,541 1,467 1,530 18,258 Illinois ........: 134 131 136 136 132 139 1,663 Indiana .........: 380 378 376 390 382 394 4,596 Iowa ............: 508 504 496 512 491 510 6,053 Kansas ..........: 428 438 429 446 436 453 4,952 : Michigan ........: 1,067 1,065 1,042 1,069 1,028 1,065 12,546 Minnesota .......: 903 902 875 905 869 899 10,616 New Mexico ......: 487 480 467 475 456 472 5,864 New York ........: 1,423 1,431 1,360 1,399 1,362 1,398 16,568 Ohio ............: 485 478 459 479 466 490 5,747 Oregon ..........: 218 221 212 214 202 207 2,503 Pennsylvania ....: 810 807 782 798 769 801 9,737 South Dakota ....: 469 467 458 470 454 470 5,421 Texas ...........: 1,544 1,533 1,500 1,548 1,496 1,555 18,207 Utah ............: 198 196 188 191 182 189 2,255 : Vermont .........: 214 215 207 213 205 209 2,513 Virginia ........: 115 115 112 114 111 117 1,399 Washington ......: 491 486 461 479 455 470 5,831 Wisconsin .......: 2,779 2,782 2,694 2,756 2,637 2,737 32,588 : 24-State total ..: 18,967 18,827 18,230 18,726 18,088 18,787 222,648 : United States 1/ : 19,706 19,560 18,942 19,469 18,804 19,529 231,658 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ United States monthly estimates are derived by proportionally allocating the quarterly estimates using the 24-state monthly totals. 2/ Total milk production for the year. Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2024 [May not add due to rounding] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk production 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 head --------------- -------------- million pounds -------------- : Alabama ........: 2.5 2.5 2.0 2.2 8.5 7.5 5.5 6.5 Alaska .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Arizona ........: 194.0 192.0 191.0 189.0 1,257.0 1,224.0 1,074.0 1,137.0 Arkansas .......: 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 7.5 7.0 6.0 5.5 California .....: 1,709.0 1,708.0 1,707.0 1,708.0 10,562.0 10,453.0 9,903.0 9,370.0 Colorado .......: 201.0 203.0 201.0 205.0 1,307.0 1,316.0 1,304.0 1,329.0 Connecticut ....: 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 107.0 108.0 105.0 104.0 Delaware .......: 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 12.9 12.3 10.8 11.2 Florida ........: 99.0 100.0 98.0 97.0 545.0 537.0 470.0 477.0 Georgia ........: 86.0 85.0 85.0 85.0 491.0 487.0 466.0 496.0 : Hawaii .........: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) Idaho ..........: 665.0 667.0 671.0 686.0 4,125.0 4,248.0 4,360.0 4,289.0 Illinois .......: 79.0 78.0 77.0 77.0 442.0 439.0 404.0 411.0 Indiana ........: 190.0 189.0 189.0 190.0 1,124.0 1,139.0 1,121.0 1,132.0 Iowa ...........: 241.0 242.0 242.0 244.0 1,510.0 1,518.0 1,484.0 1,500.0 Kansas .........: 174.0 173.0 179.0 180.0 1,053.0 1,036.0 1,066.0 1,071.0 Kentucky .......: 43.0 43.0 41.0 41.0 223.0 225.0 198.0 200.0 Louisiana ......: 8.0 7.5 6.5 7.0 29.0 26.0 18.0 22.0 Maine ..........: 24.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 134.0 142.0 136.0 133.0 Maryland .......: 40.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 222.0 199.0 197.0 201.0 : Massachusetts ..: 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 44.0 47.0 45.0 44.0 Michigan .......: 439.0 437.0 437.0 441.0 3,024.0 3,046.0 3,029.0 3,034.0 Minnesota ......: 448.0 445.0 442.0 442.0 2,605.0 2,625.0 2,593.0 2,573.0 Mississippi ....: 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.0 19.0 18.0 13.5 14.5 Missouri .......: 59.0 58.0 56.0 56.0 209.0 218.0 186.0 185.0 Montana ........: 9.0 8.5 8.5 8.5 51.0 50.0 49.0 48.0 Nebraska .......: 51.0 50.0 50.0 49.0 315.0 314.0 309.0 309.0 Nevada .........: 32.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 190.0 195.0 196.0 197.0 New Hampshire ..: 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 52.0 52.0 50.0 50.0 New Jersey .....: 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 22.0 22.0 20.0 20.0 : New Mexico .....: 241.0 237.0 239.0 241.0 1,532.0 1,495.0 1,444.0 1,461.0 New York .......: 630.0 631.0 630.0 629.0 3,992.0 4,106.0 4,052.0 3,960.0 North Carolina .: 38.0 38.0 37.0 37.0 228.0 225.0 201.0 203.0 North Dakota ...: 10.0 9.5 9.5 9.5 58.0 57.0 57.0 56.0 Ohio ...........: 255.0 253.0 252.0 251.0 1,426.0 1,437.0 1,422.0 1,411.0 Oklahoma .......: 39.0 40.0 41.0 41.0 188.0 191.0 176.0 189.0 Oregon .........: 116.0 118.0 118.0 117.0 602.0 633.0 624.0 603.0 Pennsylvania ...: 465.0 465.0 465.0 465.0 2,495.0 2,490.0 2,388.0 2,409.0 Rhode Island ...: 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.1 South Carolina .: 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 39.0 39.0 32.0 35.0 : South Dakota ...: 211.0 212.0 214.0 215.0 1,196.0 1,230.0 1,265.0 1,261.0 Tennessee ......: 25.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 118.0 115.0 109.0 107.0 Texas ..........: 641.0 645.0 667.0 675.0 4,186.0 4,180.0 4,263.0 4,408.0 Utah ...........: 90.0 91.0 92.0 91.0 516.0 541.0 541.0 522.0 Vermont ........: 116.0 114.0 113.0 113.0 625.0 627.0 611.0 616.0 Virginia .......: 67.0 67.0 66.0 66.0 361.0 357.0 337.0 342.0 Washington .....: 258.0 260.0 260.0 256.0 1,562.0 1,604.0 1,583.0 1,504.0 West Virginia ..: 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 15.0 15.0 14.5 14.5 Wisconsin ......: 1,270.0 1,271.0 1,267.0 1,266.0 8,058.0 8,225.0 8,088.0 7,961.0 Wyoming ........: 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 62.0 59.4 63.9 62.9 : Other States 3/ : 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.0 : United States ..: 9,338.0 9,330.0 9,342.0 9,369.0 56,954.0 57,342.0 56,094.0 55,499.0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1/ Quarterly average includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ Other States includes Alaska and Hawaii. Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - States and United States: 2025 [May not add due to rounding] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk cows 1/ : Milk production 2/ State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec : Jan-Mar : Apr-Jun : Jul-Sep : Oct-Dec --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------------- 1,000 head --------------- -------------- million pounds -------------- : Arizona .......: 192.0 191.0 199.0 196.0 1,234.0 1,224.0 1,132.0 1,174.0 California ....: 1,710.0 1,710.0 1,714.0 1,712.0 10,079.0 10,465.0 10,209.0 10,197.0 Colorado ......: 208.0 210.0 211.0 210.0 1,338.0 1,378.0 1,384.0 1,359.0 Florida .......: 95.0 96.0 98.0 98.0 533.0 541.0 493.0 500.0 Georgia .......: 85.0 87.0 89.0 89.0 518.0 528.0 514.0 531.0 Idaho .........: 700.0 710.0 723.0 722.0 4,358.0 4,606.0 4,756.0 4,538.0 Illinois ......: 77.0 76.0 76.0 76.0 427.0 428.0 401.0 407.0 Indiana .......: 192.0 191.0 191.0 194.0 1,135.0 1,161.0 1,134.0 1,166.0 Iowa ..........: 244.0 243.0 244.0 245.0 1,497.0 1,535.0 1,508.0 1,513.0 Kansas ........: 183.0 201.0 217.0 223.0 1,099.0 1,223.0 1,295.0 1,335.0 : Kentucky ......: 41.0 40.0 38.0 38.0 210.0 215.0 184.0 186.0 Maine .........: 24.0 24.0 23.0 23.0 137.0 140.0 138.0 133.0 Maryland ......: 38.0 39.0 37.0 37.0 206.0 210.0 193.0 195.0 Michigan ......: 445.0 451.0 456.0 459.0 3,051.0 3,159.0 3,174.0 3,162.0 Minnesota .....: 441.0 443.0 449.0 455.0 2,585.0 2,678.0 2,680.0 2,673.0 Missouri ......: 55.0 54.0 53.0 54.0 191.0 204.0 177.0 180.0 Nebraska ......: 49.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 307.0 314.0 305.0 309.0 Nevada ........: 32.0 34.0 34.0 33.0 198.0 215.0 217.0 210.0 New Mexico ....: 240.0 239.0 236.0 233.0 1,517.0 1,510.0 1,434.0 1,403.0 New York ......: 632.0 639.0 647.0 650.0 4,022.0 4,173.0 4,214.0 4,159.0 : North Carolina : 35.0 35.0 35.0 36.0 207.0 210.0 197.0 204.0 Ohio ..........: 252.0 255.0 252.0 254.0 1,424.0 1,466.0 1,422.0 1,435.0 Oklahoma ......: 43.0 43.0 43.0 44.0 206.0 206.0 190.0 202.0 Oregon ........: 116.0 117.0 122.0 120.0 604.0 625.0 651.0 623.0 Pennsylvania ..: 464.0 462.0 460.0 457.0 2,482.0 2,488.0 2,399.0 2,368.0 South Dakota ..: 222.0 232.0 234.0 238.0 1,276.0 1,357.0 1,394.0 1,394.0 Tennessee .....: 22.0 22.0 22.0 22.0 104.0 105.0 97.0 100.0 Texas .........: 683.0 693.0 702.0 704.0 4,445.0 4,586.0 4,577.0 4,599.0 Utah ..........: 94.0 97.0 98.0 97.0 534.0 577.0 582.0 562.0 Vermont .......: 113.0 113.0 115.0 115.0 618.0 632.0 636.0 627.0 : Virginia ......: 66.0 67.0 66.0 66.0 354.0 361.0 342.0 342.0 Washington ....: 252.0 243.0 237.0 236.0 1,495.0 1,494.0 1,438.0 1,404.0 Wisconsin .....: 1,265.0 1,268.0 1,276.0 1,283.0 7,952.0 8,251.0 8,255.0 8,130.0 : Other States3/ : 99.8 98.6 96.2 95.3 521.6 518.1 486.1 481.7 : United States .: 9,410.0 9,474.0 9,543.0 9,564.0 56,865.0 58,783.0 58,208.0 57,802.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Quarterly average includes dry cows, excludes heifers not yet fresh. 2/ Excludes milk sucked by calves. 3/ Includes data for States not published in this table. Licensed Dairy Herds - States and United States: 2024 and 2025 -------------------------------------------------- : Licensed dairy herds 1/ State :----------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------- : number : Alabama ............: 10 10 Arizona ............: 70 65 Arkansas ...........: 20 15 California .........: 995 960 Colorado ...........: 100 100 Connecticut ........: 85 85 Delaware ...........: 15 15 Florida ............: 45 50 Georgia ............: 80 75 Idaho ..............: 350 350 : Illinois ...........: 415 405 Indiana ............: 685 675 Iowa ...............: 705 675 Kansas .............: 160 130 Kentucky ...........: 340 330 Louisiana ..........: 55 45 Maine ..............: 140 130 Maryland ...........: 290 290 Massachusetts ......: 100 95 Michigan ...........: 845 825 : Minnesota ..........: 1,690 1,605 Mississippi ........: 30 25 Missouri ...........: 390 345 Montana ............: 35 35 Nebraska ...........: 80 75 Nevada .............: 20 20 New Hampshire ......: 80 75 New Jersey .........: 40 35 New Mexico .........: 95 90 New York ...........: 2,880 2,760 : North Carolina .....: 105 95 North Dakota .......: 25 20 Ohio ...............: 1,395 1,365 Oklahoma ...........: 65 55 Oregon .............: 140 140 Pennsylvania .......: 4,680 4,360 South Carolina .....: 30 25 South Dakota .......: 135 135 Tennessee ..........: 120 110 Texas ..............: 290 280 : Utah ...............: 130 130 Vermont ............: 490 470 Virginia ...........: 355 345 Washington .........: 280 280 West Virginia ......: 25 25 Wisconsin ..........: 5,520 5,375 : Other States 2/ ....: 15 9 : United States ......: 24,645 23,609 -------------------------------------------------- 1/ Average number of dairy farms licensed to sell milk, based on counts collected from State and other regulatory agencies. 2/ Other States includes states not published. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Primary data used to determine these estimates were obtained from a sample of producers. Individual States maintain a list of all known milk producers and information on the size of their herd. States use all known sources of producers to ensure that their lists are as complete as possible. Generally, all large producers and a sample of small producers are included in the survey. Questionnaires are mailed to producers near the end of the month to obtain data for the first day of the month. Additional reports are obtained by telephone, as needed, to supplement the mail response. Where feasible, States utilize state and federal administrative data to estimate milk production. This eliminates duplication of data gathering by different government agencies such as Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) Dairy Market News. Indications of milk cow inventory are also obtained in the January Cattle Survey. Estimation Procedures: Regional Field Offices prepare these estimates by using a combination of survey indications, historic trends, and any available administrative data. Individual State estimates are reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board for reasonableness. Revision Policy: Milk production, milk per cow, and number of milk cows are subject to revision the following month after initial publication for monthly States or the following quarter for the quarterly States. Normally, administrative data from Federal Market Orders, State Departments of Agriculture, or other sources are the main basis for revisions. However, administrative data for all States may not be available in time for these revisions. Estimates are again subject to revisions in February each year based on additional administrative data. In the event that additional changes are necessary, a third revision is possible in February the following year. Estimates are again reviewed after data from the five-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions are made after that date. Reliability: Since all operations with dairy animals are not included in the sample, survey estimates are subject to sampling variability. Survey results are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions, duplications, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. The effects of these errors cannot be measured directly. They are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and through a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the estimates in this report, the "Root Mean Square Error" is shown for selected items in the table below. The "Root Mean Square Error" is a statistical measure based on past performance and is computed using the differences between first and final estimates. The "Root Mean Square Error" for the 24 State milk production estimates over the past 24 months is 0.4 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the final estimate will not be above or below the current estimate of 19.1 billion pounds by more than 0.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 that the difference will not exceed 0.7 percent. Reliability of Monthly Milk Production Estimates [Based on data for the past 24 months] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Root mean : 90 percent : Difference between first and latest estimate : square error : confidence : : : : : : : level :------------------------------------------------------------- Item : : : : : : Months : : : : : :------------------------------- : : : Average :Smallest : Largest : Below latest : Above latest -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent percent -------- 1,000 -------- ----- number ----- : : Milk production ..............: 0.4 0.7 61 1 161 17 7 : All Milk cows ................: 0.2 0.4 16 1 42 18 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Livestock Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch................................................ (202) 692-0069 Sherry Bertramsen - Livestock Slaughter............................................. (202) 690-8632 Tiffany Byrne - Dairy Products...................................................... (651) 440-7789 Ryan Cowen - Cattle, Cattle on Feed................................................. (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk Production......................................................... (202) 720-3278 Fatema Haque - Poultry Slaughter, Turkey Hatchery, Turkeys Raised................... (202) 720-3244 Derron Martin - Catfish, Census of Aquaculture, Egg Products, Trout................. (202) 690-3237 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs...................................................... (202) 720-3106 Suzanne Richards - Cost of Pollination, Honey, Honey Bee Colonies, Sheep and Goats.. (202) 720-4448 Shulonda Shaw - Capacity of Refrigerated Warehouses, Cold Storage................... (202) 720-3240 Autumn Stone - Layers, Eggs......................................................... (202) 690-3676 Takiyah Walker - Broiler Hatchery, Chicken Hatchery................................. (202) 720-6147 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Economics, Statistics, and Market Information (ESMIS) - National Agricultural Library (NAL) website houses NASS's and other agency archived reports at https://esmis.nal.usda.gov. 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