Crop Progress - State Stories ISSN: 2470-9816 Released February 4, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). ALABAMA: January brought extreme cold, localized snow/ice, and variable precipitation to the State. Northern counties reported above-average rainfall while southern counties reported below-average rainfall and ongoing drought conditions. Total rainfall for the month ranged from 1.1 inches in Mobile County to 9.5 inches in Clarke County. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, 49 percent of the State was experiencing at least moderate drought conditions at the end of the month compared to 87 percent at the beginning of the month. The extreme cold temperatures in January may have stressed fall-seeded crops, but major damage was not widely reported. Strawberries required extended covering during cold spells. Consistent cooler temperatures benefited high tunnel and hydroponic lettuce operations, resulting in high quality and steady yields. In the fruit sector, most trees remained dormant. Reported damage was minimal, limited primarily to weak limbs. Pruning was the primary focus for orchard management. Heavy supplemental feeding was reported due to poor forage growth and cold weather. Hay supplies were rated average to slightly below average; shortages were noted in drought-affected counties. Livestock were generally in good condition despite increased feeding needs. ALASKA: DATA NOT AVAILABLE ARIZONA: This report for Arizona is for the entire month of January 2026. Topsoil moisture 7% very short, 1% short, 92% adequate. Subsoil moisture 7% very short, 1% short, 92% adequate. Alfalfa hay harvest condition 54% none, 3% light, 6% moderate, 37% active. Alfalfa hay crop condition 5% fair, 61% good, 34% excellent. Barley planted 32% and emerged 31%. Durum wheat planted 47% and emerged 26%. Pasture and range condition 29% very poor, 16% poor, 38% fair, 17% good. January precipitation was mixed, with pockets of above average moisture in the northeastern and southeastern corners, while the remainder of the State recorded at or below average moisture. Average temperatures ran at or above average. Survey comments indicated ditch clean- up was done in some counties, and irrigation water had been turned on. Ranchers across several counties reported severely limited vegetation and failed crops which has resulted in herd downsizing. Supplemental feed and water were necessary to support livestock herds. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor published for January 27, roughly 32 percent of the State was drought free, compared with no drought free areas a year ago. Other drought categorizations included abnormally dry (D0) at 34 percent, moderate drought (D1) at 28 percent, and severe drought (D2) at 6 percent. ARKANSAS: For the week ending February 1, 2026, topsoil moisture supplies were 8% very short, 32% short, 40% adequate, and 20% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies were 10% very short, 30% short, 47% adequate, and 13% surplus. There were 17 days suitable for fieldwork during the month of January. Producers were reporting dry conditions early in the month. The last week of January brought snow and ice to almost all areas. Livestock producers were feeding hay. Calving season had begun; extreme low temperatures made it difficult for newborn calves. Winter annual crops were looking poor. CALIFORNIA: Days suitable for fieldwork 7.0. Topsoil moisture 90% adequate and 10% surplus. Subsoil moisture 95% adequate and 5% surplus. Pasture and range condition 55% good and 45% excellent. Winter wheat condition 30% good and 70% excellent. As of February 2, Snowpack content was 7.2 inches in the Northern Sierra region, 10.1 inches in the Central Sierra region, and 11.9 inches in the Southern Sierra region. January is typically one of the wetter months for California, however this January saw about three weeks of dry weather. Winter forage planting continued throughout the month and was completed by month's end. Winter wheat, oats, and barley were well established and growing well. Alfalfa fields continued to grow slowly. Field prep for spring and summer crops began. Winter vegetables continued to grow. Planted onions have sprouted and leaves emerged from the soil. Carrot harvest continued in the southern San Joaquin Valley but was hampered by wet weather at times, with occasional rainfall limiting field access and delaying harvest. Cauliflower, celery, garlic, and kale harvests were ongoing. While nearing the end of dormancy, almond orchards were being cleared of brush. Mummy shaking was winding down. Field crews weeded and sprayed almond orchards for pest control. Buds on almond trees were enlarging and will begin to open in February. Pre-emergent herbicides and dormant pesticides sprays were applied to fruit orchards. Stone fruit orchards were pruned throughout the month with leaf buds beginning to open by month's end on the earliest varieties. Kiwi harvest was complete and vines were pruned. Pomegranate trees began entering dormancy and were pruned. Grape vineyards were pruned and vines were tied. Navel orange, grapefruit, pummelo, mandarin, and lemons were harvested; however wet weather and fog affected harvest conditions, rind quality, and pack out percentages. Avocados were harvested. Olive orchards continued to be pruned and cleaned. Blackberry, raspberry, blueberry and strawberry harvests were ongoing. Calving was underway and expected to continue into next month. Sheep grazed on retired cropland and on harvested grain and alfalfa fields. Conditions were ideal for pasture growth with cool, mild temperatures and some rainfall. Both irrigated and non-irrigated pastures were in good to excellent condition. COLORADO: This report for Colorado is for the month of January 2026. Topsoil moisture 21% very short, 30% short, 45% adequate, 4% surplus. Subsoil moisture 23% very short, 31% short, 42% adequate, 4% surplus. Winter wheat condition 5% very poor, 7% poor, 31% fair, 46% good, 11% excellent. Livestock condition 1% very poor, 3% poor, 16% fair, 62% good, 18% excellent. Pasture and range condition 10% very poor, 19% poor, 34% fair, 32% good, 5% excellent. As of February 1, 2026, snowpack in Colorado was 56 percent measured as percent of median snowfall according to the Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA. January precipitation was below average across most of the State, while average temperatures were above normal. Survey comments noted other than a weeklong cold snap, that it's been a very mild winter, producers are concerned about drought conditions and water availability for the upcoming season. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor published for January 27, roughly 30 percent of the State was drought free, compared with just over 61 percent a year ago. Other drought categorizations included abnormally dry (D0) at 18 percent, moderate drought (D1) at 30 percent, severe drought (D2) at 17 percent, extreme drought (D3) at 5 percent, and exceptional drought D4) at 1 percent. DELAWARE: Snow cover and freezing temperatures reported for all regions of the State. Due to these weather conditions, greening up on small grains may be delayed. Below freezing temperatures expected to persist, making the potential of winter kills for some cover crops likely, while other areas reported no cover crops had been planted this year. Livestock operations in the southern region of the State are highly affected by ongoing low temperatures. FLORIDA: Florida's drought conditions worsened across much of the State in January. Many areas experienced prolonged below-freezing temperatures resulting in widespread hard freezes. Rainfall ranged from no rain in some areas to 6.2 inches in Okaloosa County. Most of the State received below normal precipitation for January with 94 percent of the State in at least moderate drought at the end of the month, compared to 83 percent at the beginning. Strong stands of winter grazing and cover crops were reported due to late 2025 rains, but growth was slowed by the drought and cold temperatures. Extreme cold stressed livestock Statewide and increased hay and supplemental feeding. Hay supplies were tightening in drought-affected counties. Freeze damage reportedly affected strawberries, blueberries, and citrus Statewide. Cold-sensitive vegetable crops were also affected, but most major vegetables and tropical fruits were largely safe under irrigation. Sugarcane harvest was ongoing in Palm Beach County and rice land prep was underway. GEORGIA: January temperatures were 1 to 3 degrees below historical average for most of the State other than the coast and the counties around Atlanta. Total rainfall for the month ranged from 0.4 inches in Chatham County to 8.26 inches in Habersham County. Snowfall totals for the month range from none to 7.5 inches in Rabun County. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, 24 percent of the State had moderate drought conditions, 59 percent had severe drought conditions, and 10 percent had extreme drought conditions by month's end. Cold and dry conditions were prevalent throughout the State over the past month. Instead of much needed rainfall, ice and freezing rain was brought in by Winter Storm Fern followed by snow from Winter Storm Gianna one and a half weeks later. Winter wheat and cover crops that were able to be planted along with oats stagnated as freezing temperatures combined with dry conditions limited development. Strawberry, blueberry, and vegetable producers did their best to protect their crop against frost conditions, but damage will not be known until later. Peach chill hours closely matched last year's totals and were considered adequate. Onion crop development slowed due to the cold conditions but was in good standing thus far. Winter grazing and forages continued to struggle due to dry and freezing conditions. Producers fed dwindling hay amounts and supplements to livestock due to poor development in pastures. Producers took precautions during extreme cold conditions to keep livestock in stable condition. Ponds and creeks were noted to be low in multiple counties in the State. HAWAII: DATA NOT AVAILABLE IDAHO: The average January temperature was above normal across the State. Snowpack levels were below normal with limited precipitation. Pastures and crop fields were dry, with low soil moisture. Calving progressed well due to the mild weather, and hay stocks remained good, but producers remained concerned about the continued dryness and its potential impacts on crops and livestock if conditions did not improve. Producers transitioned from pastures and started feeding hay. Winter cutworms were observed feeding on fall wheat at lower elevations in Nez Perce County. ILLINOIS: For the week ending February 1, 2026. Topsoil moisture 21% very short, 26% short, 49% adequate, and 4% surplus. Subsoil moisture 30% very short, 32% short, 34% adequate, and 4% surplus. Winter wheat condition 1% very poor, 5% poor, 27% fair, 61% good, and 6% excellent. INDIANA: Topsoil moisture for the month of January was 15% very short, 23% short, 55% adequate, 7% surplus. Subsoil moisture for the month was 19% very short, 29% short, 48% adequate, 4% surplus. Winter wheat condition was rated 2% very poor, 4% poor, 29% fair, 55% good, 10% excellent. Statewide temperatures averaged 24.3 degrees, 3.4 degrees below normal for the month of January. Statewide average precipitation was 1.42 inches, 1.53 inches below normal. Indiana received a snow event in the later portion of the month, but many producers wished for more precipitation. The snow cover insulated winter wheat from sub-zero temperatures. Livestock and calving activities were reported to be struggling in the cold weather. Large swings in temperatures were reported to have injured fruit tree buds, especially peaches. Other activities for the month included hauling grain, attending winter meetings and trainings, and servicing machinery. IOWA: Overall, reporters described January as having extended below normal temperatures, dry soil, high winds, and inconsistent snow cover. Below normal temperatures were especially noted in the last half of the month. Statewide temperature averaged 19.2 degrees Fahrenheit, 0.3 degrees below normal. Precipitation was also slightly below normal at 0.94 inches Statewide. Fertilizer and lime applications occurred when conditions allowed. Some cold weather stress among livestock was reported, but no abnormal losses were reported. Lambing and calving were underway. Grain movement varied depending on local conditions. KANSAS: For the week ending February 1, 2026, topsoil moisture supplies rated 9% very short, 26% short, 59% adequate, 6% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 9% very short, 28% short, 58% adequate, 5% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 2% very poor, 8% poor, 29% fair, 51% good, 10% excellent. KENTUCKY: For the month of January, hay supplies 2% very short, 19% short, 76% adequate, 3% surplus. Livestock condition 1% very poor, 4% poor, 23% fair, 67% good, 5% excellent. Condition of winter wheat 1% very poor, 3% poor, 18% fair, 75% good, 3% excellent. Tobacco stripping 94% complete. Weather for the month has been very cold with significant accumulation of snow and ice across the State. The persistent conditions have stressed livestock and made tending to animals very difficult. Cattle producers are hoping for relief from the harsh weather to aid in successful spring calving. The snow and ice has halted grain hauling for some. Hay stocks are being depleted as farmers supplement for grazing through the cold snap. LOUISIANA: For the week ending February 1, 2026, topsoil moisture supplies were 4% very short, 25% short, 60% adequate, and 11% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies were 8% very short, 37% short, 49% adequate, and 6% surplus. There were 17 days suitable for fieldwork during the month of January. Overall, the State experienced dry conditions. Field work was taking place, burn down on corn acres and some sugarcane ground had started. Livestock pastures were dry for early in the year with producers providing additional hay and supplements. Some parishes received some very cold temperatures and hard freezes the last week of January. MARYLAND: In January, reports indicated significant snowfall with extended periods of freezing temperatures, which may affect cover crop establishment particularly in late-planted fields. High tunnel growers have begun starting plants for the upcoming season. Weather conditions throughout the month posed challenges for livestock producers which included keeping animals watered and fed using supplemental feed. MICHIGAN: Topsoil moisture 17% short, 78% adequate, 5% surplus. Subsoil moisture 14% very short, 19% short, 63% adequate, 4% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 2% poor, 34% fair, 61% good, 3% excellent. Precipitation for the month averaged 2.46 inches throughout the State, 0.36 inches above normal. Temperature for the month averaged 17.0 degrees, 3.2 degrees below normal. Early January saw a mild wet mix of snow and rain events. Later in the month, below normal temperatures and above normal snowfall limited fieldwork, many operators were inside preparing equipment for spring. Snow cover provided winter wheat with insulation during the frigid temperatures. Continuous below freezing temperatures made watering and feeding livestock difficult. MINNESOTA: January 2026 temperatures were 2.3 degrees below average. Well-below-normal temperatures in the second half of the month outweighed the milder first half. The North and East saw the biggest deviations from normal, while the Southwest had temps just below average. Snowfall during the month was also below average, with about half of the State - mostly in Central and Southern Minnesota - receiving less than five inches. Most counties reported limited livestock concerns, despite the cold. Concerns about potential moisture issues for spring planting, as well as increasing frost depths, were noted due to the low snow cover. MISSISSIPPI: For the week ending February 1, 2026, topsoil moisture supplies were 1% very short, 15% short, 62% adequate, and 22% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies were 1% very short, 13% short, 68% adequate, and 18% surplus. Days suitable for fieldwork during the month of January were 15 days. Overall, the State started out with normal moisture levels, up until the last two weeks. Most of the State dealt with winter storm and extreme cold temperatures. Livestock producers reported calf death due to extreme cold stress. Winter crops such as canola and ryegrass took a hit from the ice, along with wheat and oats being stunted. All fieldwork was halted as producers dealt with property damage. MISSOURI: For the week ending February 1, 2026. Topsoil moisture 8% very short, 30% short, 60% adequate, and 2% surplus. Subsoil moisture 9% very short, 38% short, 52% adequate, and 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition 0% very poor, 8% poor, 31% fair, 55% good, and 6% excellent. MONTANA: This report for Montana is for the entire month of January 2026. Topsoil moisture 27% very short, 48% short, 25% adequate. Subsoil moisture 29% very short, 53% short, 17% adequate, 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition 1% very poor, 21% poor, 59% fair, 18% good, 1% excellent. Winter wheat - wind damage was 25% none, 57% light, 16% moderate, 2% severe. Winter wheat - freeze and drought damage 78% none, 20% light, 2% moderate. Winter wheat - protectiveness of snow cover 93% very poor, 1% poor, 2% fair, 4% good. Pasture and range condition 47% very poor, 24% poor, 18% fair, 10% good, 1% excellent. Livestock grazing accessibility 72% open, 11% difficult, 17% closed. Cows calved 2%. Cattle receiving supplemental feed 93%. Ewes lambed 2%. Sheep receiving supplemental feed 92%. January precipitation was average to well below average, depending on location, while average temperatures ran at average to well above average. Survey comments supported the noted weather information. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor published for January 27, roughly 43 percent of the State was drought free, compared with just over 3 percent January 28, 2025. Other drought categorizations included abnormally dry (D0) at 34 percent, moderate drought (D1) at 13 percent, severe drought (D2) at 8 percent, and extreme drought (D3) at just over 1 percent. NEBRASKA: For the week ending February 1, 2026, topsoil moisture supplies rated 21% very short, 48% short, 31% adequate, and 0% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 23% very short, 46% short, 31% adequate, and 0% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 10% very poor, 27% poor, 39% fair, 20% good, and 4% excellent. NEVADA: Days suitable for fieldwork 7.0. Topsoil moisture 5% very short, 35% short, 50% adequate, and 10% surplus. Subsoil moisture 10% very short, 15% short, 70% adequate, and 5% surplus. Pasture and range condition 5% very poor, 30% poor, 40% fair, 15% good, and 10% excellent. January was a dry month in Nevada with little to no precipitation. As of January 27, 45% of the State was abnormally dry, while 20% was in Moderate Drought and 1% was in Severe Drought according to the U.S. Drought Monitor. NEW ENGLAND: New England experienced cold temperatures lasting several weeks during the month of January with several snowstorms. The January 23-26 storm brought roughly two feet of snow to several areas. While the persistent snow cover during the month provided beneficial insulation to many fruit trees, producers should be watchful for peach bud damage (MA). The lack of freezing and thawing in Vermont was noted as helpful to the sod crops weathering during the winter. In Maine, the prolonged period of zero to below zero temperatures was problematic to livestock producers who were rationing their short feedstocks to animals and having to source feed from out of State. Producers reported problems sourcing feed regionally and have had to source from further areas than typical. Some farms in Maine were also hauling in water due to the ongoing drought that began in 2025. NEW JERSEY: The first two weeks of January saw mild temperatures and some rainfall. The second half of the month was affected by a winter storm, bringing much lower than average temperatures and heavy snowfall, though overall precipitation was slightly below average. Agricultural activity was slowed by weather conditions, though some greenhouses still operated. Some coastal waters saw heavy freezing, a concern to some mollusk producers. NEW MEXICO: This report for New Mexico is for the entire month of January 2026. Topsoil moisture 58% very short, 19% short, 22% adequate, 1% surplus. Subsoil moisture 58% very short, 19% short, 22% adequate, 1% surplus. Winter wheat condition 16% poor, 68% fair, 15% good, 1% excellent. Cows calved 3%. Cattle receiving supplemental feed 73%. Cattle condition 2% very poor, 6% poor, 12% fair, 17% good, 63% excellent. Ewes lambed 1%. Sheep receiving supplemental feed 82%. Sheep and lambs condition 18% very poor, 21% poor, 41% fair, 19% good, 1% excellent. Hay and roughage supplies 5% very short, 12% short, 83% adequate. Stock water supplies 2% very short, 14% short, 79% adequate, 5% surplus. Pasture and range condition 19% very poor, 8% poor, 26% fair, 39% good, 8% excellent. January precipitation was mixed, with average to below average totals across the northern half of the State, while above average moisture was received in the south. Similarly, average temperatures were also mixed, with the western half of the State at or above average, while eastern counties were at to below average. Survey comments supported the noted weather information, along with concerns about wheat pastures that appeared to be suffering from drought stress. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor published for January 27, roughly 1 percent of the State was drought free, compared with just over 34 percent drought free on January 28, 2025. Other drought categorizations included abnormally dry (D0) at 27 percent, moderate drought (D1) at 21 percent, severe drought (D2) at 48 percent, and extreme drought (D3) at just under 2 percent. NEW YORK: The month of January was characterized by primarily cold temperatures with some areas receiving freezing rain and thaw cycles. Adequate snow was received throughout the State with some locations receiving record snowfalls towards end of month. As such, fruit producers as well as livestock operations were concerned about the extreme cold temperatures. That said, there were no reports of damage to fall seeded crops or animals at this time. Long Island vineyards were busy pruning grapevines and greenhouses were preparing bedding for spring. NORTH CAROLINA: For the month ending February 1, 2026, Subsoil moisture 10% very short, 37% short, 49% adequate and 4% surplus. Topsoil moisture 10% very short, 30% short, 40% adequate and 20% surplus. Barley condition 9% fair and 91% good. Oats condition 14% poor, 46% fair and 40% good. Pasture and range condition 2% very poor, 58% poor, 17% fair, 21% good and 2% excellent. Winter wheat conditions were very 2% poor, 5% poor, 32% fair, 54% good and 7% excellent. Throughout January, winter crops are behind and beaten up a little after what has been a cold first half of winter. North Carolina is still behind on moisture, but recent snow and ice events are slowly replenishing that only the way they can. It has also slowed winter fertilizer applications which could put planting behind. NORTH DAKOTA: For the week ending February 1, 2026, topsoil moisture supplies rated 0% very short, 9% short, 80% adequate, 11% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 0% very short, 7% short, 83% adequate, 10% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 0% very poor, 3% poor, 38% fair, 52% good, 7% excellent. Cattle and calf conditions, 0% very poor, 1% poor, 14% fair, 79% good, 6% excellent. Cattle and calf death loss, 0% heavy, 58% average, 42% light. Calving progress, 2% complete. Sheep and lamb conditions, 1% very poor, 1% poor, 14% fair, 80% good, 4% excellent. Sheep and lamb death loss, 0% heavy, 79% average, 21% light. Lambing progress, 3% complete. Shearing progress, 7% complete. Hay and roughage supplies, 0% very short, 5% short, 90% adequate, 5% surplus. Stock water supplies, 0% very short, 7% short, 86% adequate, 7% surplus. OHIO: Topsoil moisture for the month was 17% short, 74% adequate, 9% surplus. Subsoil moisture for the month was 10% very short, 14% short, 69% adequate, 7% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 2% very poor, 2% poor, 41% fair, 42% good, 13% excellent. The Statewide average temperature was 23.3 degrees, 4.8 degrees below normal. Precipitation averaged 1.70 inches Statewide, 1.2 inches below normal for January. Winter wheat condition ratings were stable due to snow coverage which provided insulation against frigid temperatures. Cold weather and added windchill made fieldwork and tending livestock challenging. Equipment struggled to start with below zero temperatures. Other activities for the month included equipment maintenance. OKLAHOMA: For the month of January, rainfall totals averaged 1.04 inches throughout the State, with the Southeast district recording the highest precipitation at 1.87 inches and the Panhandle district recording the lowest precipitation at 0.38 inches. According to the January 27th US Drought Monitor Report, 83 percent of the State was in the abnormally dry to exceptional drought category, up 57 points from the previous year. Additionally, 72 percent of the State was in the moderate drought to exceptional drought category, up 67 points from the previous year. Statewide temperatures averaged in the low 30's to low 40's, with the lowest recording of -12 degrees at Kenton on Monday, January 26th, and the highest recording of 83 degrees at Hollis on Monday, January 5th. Topsoil and subsoil moisture conditions were rated short to very short. OREGON: Temperatures were above normal throughout the State. Snowpack was below normal throughout the State. In Western Oregon, blueberry buds swelled, and agronomic crops looked good. Cool season pasture grasses resumed active growth early due to drier and warmer weather. Many deciduous shrubs and trees began to bud, and bulbs began to grow. Field activities centered on manure applications. Cows were let out during a 2 week period with low precipitation. Some fruit trees presented bud development. In north central Oregon, fall seeded crops progressed rapidly due to the rainfall and above average temperatures. Grasses greened up, and conditions were favorable for calving. Challenges like predator pressure remain on livestock operations. Snowpack was noticeably lower compared to normal years. Stripe rust symptoms were observed on susceptible varieties of soft white winter wheat. PENNSYLVANIA: For the month of January, the State experienced cold temperatures, below freezing wind chills, and several precipitation events including significant snowfall at the end of the month. The cold weather and heavy snowfall have been limiting field work. Most fields remained covered in snow at the end of the month. Due to this there were no crop observations this month. Earlier in the month between snow events there was a lot of manure spreading and lime spreading when conditions allowed. SOUTH CAROLINA: January temperatures were up to 4 degrees below average for the Pee Dee region and some counties in the upper portion of the Lowcountry. Most other regions' temperatures were closer to normal expected temperatures. Total rainfall was below average with the Upstate and Midlands most deviant from normal totals. Two winter storms, Fern and Gianna, passed though the State towards the end of the month. Winter Storm Fern was mostly sleet and freezing rain for the State while Winter Storm Gianna delivered up to a foot of snow in the northern part of the State with many counties across the State getting a few inches. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor, 44 percent of the State was in severe drought conditions while 55 percent was in moderate drought conditions. The dryest conditions were in the southern part of the Lowcountry and across the Upstate into the northern parts of the Midlands and Pee Dee regions. Peach and strawberry growers monitored their crops as freezing weather lingered during nightfall for consecutive days. Below freezing temperatures halted already emerged small grains development and slowed winter wheat growth. Producers noted the snowfall will help with dry conditions particularly in the northern areas of the State. Hay continued to be fed to livestock as pasture growth remained subpar due to dry conditions. Otherwise, no major issues were reported in livestock. SOUTH DAKOTA: For the week ending February 1, 2026, topsoil moisture supplies rated 9% very short, 31% short, 58% adequate, and 2% surplus. Subsoil moisture supplies rated 11% very short, 30% short, 57% adequate, and 2% surplus. Winter wheat condition rated 5% very poor, 8% poor, 51% fair, 35% good, and 1% excellent. TENNESSEE: Topsoil moisture 3% very short, 16% short, 59% adequate, 22% surplus. Subsoil moisture 4% very short, 30% short, 53% adequate,13% surplus. Winter wheat condition 3% very poor, 6% poor, 50% fair, 29% good, 12% excellent. Pasture and Range condition 10% very poor, 19% poor, 40% fair, 28% good, 3% excellent. Cattle condition 1% very poor, 5% poor, 33% fair, 53% good, and 8% excellent. Hay and roughage supplies are 3% very short, 17% short, 67% adequate, 13% surplus. Tennessee received a severe winter storm causing temperatures to be below freezing in the second half of January with some areas receiving around 5-7 inches of snow. However warmer temperatures will move into the region in the first week of February. The frozen precipitation had caused a negative effect on livestock, wheat and hay supplies. Extended periods of freezing temperatures kept livestock operators busy making sure animals had access to water and hay. As far as wheat goes the extent of freeze damage, if any, will be observed after the ice, sleet, and snow melts. Some farmers are getting ready for the growing season which includes meetings and planning. TEXAS: For the month of January, precipitation ranged from trace amounts to upwards of 8 inches, with North East Texas district receiving the most rain. The winter storm came at the end of month, resulting in freezing temperature in the State and receiving snowfall in most districts in the north. While cotton harvest was halted by snow/rain in the trans-Pecos, winter wheat and oats were affected by the extreme cold temperatures but liked the moisture. In the Trans-Pecos, pecan harvest was delayed. In South Texas, the cold weather resulted in damage to spinach, onions and cabbage. Range and pasture conditions were rated poor to fair. Supplemental feeding of livestock continued across the State. UTAH: This report for Utah is for the entire month of January 2026. Topsoil moisture 2% very short, 45% short, 53% adequate. Subsoil moisture 40% short, 60% adequate. Pasture and range condition 1% very poor, 8% poor, 22% fair, 69% good. Winter wheat condition 10% fair, 90% good. Hay and roughage supplies 6% short, 90% adequate, 4% surplus. Stock water supplies 5% very short, 25% short, 65% adequate, 5% surplus. Cattle and calves condition 7% fair, 47% good, 46% excellent. Sheep and lambs condition 19% fair, 79% good, 2% excellent. Livestock receiving supplemental feed for cattle 83%. Livestock receiving supplemental feed for sheep 45%. Cows calved 4%. Ewes lambed-farm flock 3%. Ewes lambed-range flock 2%. Mild temperatures along with a few snowstorms occurred throughout the State for the month of January. Snowpack in Utah, according to Natural Resources Conservation Service as of Feb Beaver, Cache, and Grand Counties noted conditions were mild and abnormally dry during January with below normal snowpack. February 2, 2026, was 57 percent measured as percent of median snowfall. Beaver County reports noted that livestock producers were dealing with no calving and lambing issues. VIRGINIA: For week ending February 1, 2026, Topsoil moisture 9% very short, 21% short, 63% adequate, 7% surplus. Subsoil moisture 13% very short, 25% short, 61% adequate, 1% surplus. Barley condition 17% poor, 53% fair, 30% good. Winter wheat condition 4% poor, 45% fair, 49% good, 2% excellent. Livestock condition 1% very poor, 16% poor, 41% fair, 36% good, 6% excellent. Pasture and Range condition 18% very poor, 19% poor, 45% fair, 18% good. Hay and roughage supplies 3% very short, 34% short, 59% adequate, 4% surplus. Percent of feed obtained from pastures 6%. Virginia experienced unseasonably low temperatures and varied precipitation in January. Snow and ice have been persisting in many areas, making it challenging to move livestock to reach food and water. Some farmers are concerned for potential losses. Pasture conditions are mostly fair while hay and roughage supplies are mostly adequate. Primary activities for the month include tending livestock, feeding hay, and performing equipment maintenance. WASHINGTON: In Washington, January was unusually dry and warm. Western Washington observed 14 consecutive days without measurable rain, and temperatures were unseasonably warm. The dry streak ended by the end of the month. Dry January weather worsened snow water equivalent in the Cascade Range and across most of Washington. In Central Washington, farmers were worried about the impact of a lack of snow and the potential risks of drought and wildfires. Northeast Washington had the best snowpack, especially near the Canadian border. East Central and Southeast Washington were both abnormally mild and dry. There was little to no snow on the ground, with minimal in the mountains. The winter wheat crop looked good; however, producers were raising concern about the lack of moisture and the potential impact on water resources this coming spring and summer. WEST VIRGINIA: For the week ending February 1, Topsoil moisture 31% very short, 36% short, and 33% adequate. Subsoil moisture 33% very short, 31% short, and 36% adequate. Hay and roughage supplies 3% very short, 20% short, 72% adequate, and 5% surplus. Feed grain supplies 4% very short, 17% short, and 79% adequate. Winter wheat condition 3% very poor, 8% poor, 46% fair, and 43% good. Cattle and calves condition 3% very poor, 9% poor, 22% fair, 63% good, and 3% excellent. Sheep and lambs condition 2% very poor, 7% poor, 24% fair, 65% good, and 2% excellent. Weather conditions for the month have been extremely cold with below freezing temperatures and snowy and icy conditions. Farming activities for the month included monitoring and moving livestock closer to shelters, and hauling water due to frozen pipes. WISCONSIN: January started mild, but temperatures dropped to below normal in the second half of the month. Statewide temperatures averaged 11.6 degrees, 3.7 degrees below normal. Precipitation averaged 1.50 inches for the month, 0.29 inches above normal. Reporters expressed concern about potential cold weather damage from the cold temperatures January coupled with inconsistent snow cover. Cold added to stress on livestock, but relatively few livestock losses were reported. WYOMING: This report for Wyoming is for the entire month of January 2026. Topsoil moisture 43% very short, 24% short, 33% adequate. Subsoil moisture 47% very short, 28% short, 25% adequate. Winter wheat condition 13% very poor, 30% poor, 51% fair, 6% good. Cows calved 2%. Ewes lambed 4%. Livestock condition 1% poor, 16% fair, 79% good, 4% excellent. Pasture and range condition 8% very poor, 31% poor, 37% fair, 21% good, 3% excellent. Hay and roughage supplies 3% short, 88% adequate, 9% surplus. Stock water supplies 18% short, 73% adequate, 9% surplus. January precipitation varied from average to well below average, depending on location, while average temperatures ran at average to well above average. Survey comments noted extreme dryness across several counties. Producer concerns centered around diminished snowpack across most mountain ranges in the State. According to the U.S. Drought Monitor published for January 27, roughly 18 percent of the State was drought free, compared with just under 1 percent drought free on January 28, 2025. Other drought categorizations included, abnormally dry (D0) at 44 percent, moderate drought (D1) at 21 percent, and severe drought (D2) at 17 percent. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Crop progress and condition estimates included in this report are based on survey data collected in December, January, February, and March. The non-probability crop progress and condition surveys include input from approximately 4,000 respondents whose occupations provide them opportunities to make visual observations and frequently bring them in contact with farmers in their counties. Based on standard definitions, these respondents subjectively estimate the progress of crops through various stages of development, as well as the progress of producer activities. They also provide subjective evaluations of crop and soil moisture conditions. Any weather data mentioned in this report is provided by outside sources such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Agricultural Weather Information Service (AWIS). USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov Anthony Prillaman, Acting Chief, Crops Branch............................................. (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................. (202) 720-2127 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables, and Special Crops Section....................... (202) 236-2428 Joshua Bates - Asparagus, Hemp, Maple Syrup, Soybeans................................ (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings, Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Plums, Prunes..... (202) 690-1042 Noemi Guindin - Crop Progress and Condition, Kiwifruit............................... (202) 720-2127 Michelle Harder - Hay, Kale, Peanuts, Raspberries.................................... (202) 690-8533 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions Proso Millet, Rye, Tobacco...................................................... (202) 720-4288 Bret Holliman - Apricots, Barley, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans, Tomatoes............................................................ (202) 720-7235 James Johanson - Dry Edible Beans, Lettuce, Macadamias, Wheat........................ (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Beets, Corn, Flaxseed, Pears, Rice, Sweet Corn........................ (202) 720-9526 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios.................................... (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Squash, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes................................... (202) 720-4285 Becky Sommer - Cabbage, Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum, Walnuts, Strawberries...... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Blueberries, Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Spinach, Sunflower.............................................................. (202) 720-7369 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Oats, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Watermelons............ (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans........................................................... (202) 720-4215 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Economics, Statistics, and Market Information (ESMIS) - National Agricultural Library (NAL) website houses NASS's and other agency archived reports at https://esmis.nal.usda.gov. 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