Agricultural Prices ISSN: 1937-4216 Released January 30, 2026, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Special Note The December Producer Price Index (PPI), published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), was delayed and therefore unavailable to be used in the calculation of the Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) and 25 additional sub-indexes. NASS calculated the average monthly change in the PPI from July 2025 to November 2025 and applied the change to the November PPI. Once the December PPI is published by BLS the indexes will be updated. December Prices Received Index Down 3.1 Percent The December Prices Received Index 2011 Base (Agricultural Production), at 121.3, decreased 3.1 percent from November and 4.6 percent from December 2024. At 96.5, the Crop Production Index was down 2.4 percent from last month but up 3.4 percent from the previous year. The Livestock Production Index, at 149.5, decreased 5.7 percent from November, and 13 percent from December last year. Producers received lower prices during December for market eggs, lettuce, cattle and milk but higher prices for broilers, corn, grapes, and calves. In addition to prices, the volume change of commodities marketed also influences the indexes. In December, there was decreased monthly movement for grapes, corn, calves and soybeans and increased marketing of market eggs, broilers, oranges and milk. December Prices Paid Index Up 0.3 Percent The December Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 153.5, is up 0.3 percent from November 2025 and 8.5 percent from December 2024. Higher prices in December for feeder cattle, feeder pigs, nitrogen, and concentrates more than offset lower prices for diesel, gasoline, complete feeds, and hay & forages. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes 2011 Base - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : December : November : December Index Group : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : percent percent percent : : Prices received by farmers ...............: 127.1 125.2 121.3 : Prices paid by farmers ...................: 141.5 153.0 153.5 : Ratio of prices received to prices paid ..: 89 82 79 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Contents Prices Received by Farmers................................................................................... 4 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons........................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons...................... 5 Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025............... 5 Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025................... 6 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................... 7 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................. 8 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons............ 9 Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons................. 9 Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons..................... 10 Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.................. 10 Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................... 11 Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.................. 11 Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.......................... 11 Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.................... 12 Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................ 12 Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................... 12 Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.......................... 13 Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................. 13 Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons...................... 14 Prices Received for Dry Edible Beans - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.............. 14 Prices Received for Dry Edible Peas - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons............... 15 Prices Received for Lentils - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons....................... 15 Prices Received for All Chickpeas - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................. 15 Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons........................ 16 Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons...................... 16 Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons............ 16 Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons..................... 16 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 17 Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 17 Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................... 18 Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: December 2025................ 18 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2024................... 19 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: November 2025................... 19 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2025................... 19 Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons...................... 20 Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2026 with Comparisons...................... 20 Parity Price Overview........................................................................................ 21 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons.......................................................................................... 22 Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons...................................... 23 Marketing Year for Specified Commodities..................................................................... 25 Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and United States: Marketing Years 2023 through 2024................................................................................... 25 All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2024-2025 through 2025-2026......................................................................................... 26 Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2024-2025 through 2025-2026......................................................................................... 26 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2024-2024 through 2025-2026......................................................................... 27 Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2024-2025 through 2025-2026............................................................................... 27 Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025..... 28 Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 ................................................................................................ 30 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates..................................................................... 31 Prices Paid by Farmers....................................................................................... 32 Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons................ 33 Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons............................................................................ 34 Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons............................................ 35 Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons 35 Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons............................. 35 Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: 2020-2025................................... 36 Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2024 and 2025............................. 36 Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025......... 37 Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025.................................................................................. 40 Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 ................................................................................................ 44 Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2026............................................ 47 Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates......................................................................... 48 Information Contacts......................................................................................... 49 December Prices Received by Farmers Crop production: The December index, at 96.5, is down 2.4 percent from November but up 3.4 percent from December 2024. The vegetable & melon, fruit & tree nut and other crop index decreases more than offset the grain & oilseed index increase. Grain and oilseed: The December index, at 75.3, is up 1.5 percent from November and 0.1 percent from December 2024. The feed grain index increase more than offset the oilseed and food grain index decreases. Feed grain: The December index, at 68.3, increased 3.0 percent from last month but decreased 3.7 percent from a year ago. The corn price, at $4.10 per bushel, is up 12 cents from last month but down 13 cents from December 2024. Food grain: At 79.0, the index for December decreased 0.1 percent from the previous month and 7.7 percent from a year ago. The December price for all wheat, at $4.95 per bushel, is 7 cents higher than November but 54 cents lower than December 2024. The December price for rice, at $14.10 per cwt, is $1.30 higher than November but 90 cents lower than December 2024. Oilseed: At 83.2, the index for December decreased 1.1 percent from November but increased 5.7 percent from December 2024. The soybean price, at $10.40 per bushel, is 10 cents lower than November but 61 cents higher than December a year earlier. Fruit and tree nut: The December index, at 158.5, is down 6.8 percent from November but up 1.6 percent from a year earlier. Price decreases during December for lemons, oranges, pears and strawberries more than offset price increases for apples and grapes. Vegetable and melon: At 177.3, the index for December is down 18 percent from the previous month but up 4.2 percent from December 2024. Price decreases during December for snap beans, broccoli, cauliflower, cucumbers, and lettuce more than offset price increases for celery, sweet corn and onions. Other crop: The December index, at 85.3, is down 3.0 percent from the previous month and 3.7 percent from December 2024. The all hay price, at $149.00 per ton, is $2.00 lower than November and $8.00 lower than December 2024. At 58.4 cents per pound, the price for upland cotton is 2.3 cents lower than November and 4.1 cents lower than December 2024. Livestock production: The index for December, at 149.5, decreased 5.7 percent from the previous month and 13 percent from December a year earlier. The meat animal, dairy, and poultry& egg indexes are all lower. Meat animal: At 171.7, the December index decreased 4.9 percent from the previous month but increased 18 percent from a year earlier. At $62.30 per cwt, the December hog price is $2.80 lower than November and unchanged from a year earlier. The December beef cattle price of $221.00 per cwt is $5.00 lower than the previous month but $31.00 higher than December 2024. Dairy: The index for December, at 94.5, is down 3.6 percent from the previous month and 19 percent from December a year ago. The December all milk price of $19.00 per cwt is 70 cents lower than November and $4.30 lower than December 2024. Poultry and egg: At 153.7, the December index decreased 6.3 percent from November and 40 percent from December 2024. The December market egg price, at $1.49 per dozen, is 62 cents lower than November and $3.12 lower than December 2024. The December broiler price, at 63.8 cents per pound, is 5.0 cents higher than November but 12.2 cents lower than a year ago. At $1.21 per pound, the December turkey price is 3 cents higher than the previous month and 69.4 cents higher than December 2024. Food Commodities: The index, at 137.2, decreased 5.5 percent from the previous month and 7.6 percent from December 2024. Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :----------------------------------- : December : November : December Index Group : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 127.1 125.2 121.3 Crop production ..............: 93.3 98.9 96.5 Grain and oilseed ..........: 75.2 74.2 75.3 Feed grain ...............: 70.9 66.3 68.3 Food grain ...............: 85.6 79.1 79.0 Oilseed ..................: 78.7 84.1 83.2 Fruit and tree nut .........: 156.0 170.1 158.5 Vegetable and melon ........: 170.1 216.1 177.3 Other crop .................: 88.6 87.9 85.3 : Livestock production .........: 172.5 158.5 149.5 Meat animal ................: 145.6 180.6 171.7 Cattle ...................: 172.0 210.4 203.3 Hog ......................: 93.7 97.9 93.7 Dairy ......................: 115.9 98.0 94.5 Poultry and egg ............: 254.4 164.0 153.7 : Food commodity .................: 148.5 145.2 137.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 1910-1914 Base - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] -------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910 - 1914 Base :----------------------------------- : December : November : December Index Group : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Agricultural production ........: 1311 1292 1252 Crop production ..............: 813 862 841 Livestock production .........: 2005 1842 1738 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : Agricultural : Crop : Livestock : Food : production : production : production : commodities :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 111.8 129.8 98.1 88.9 136.0 189.1 125.2 151.2 February ......: 120.3 147.4 101.3 96.8 140.8 193.8 133.3 166.9 March .........: 122.1 142.9 100.2 96.1 144.1 182.7 135.2 159.5 April .........: 122.5 137.7 101.9 100.8 142.2 168.1 133.8 150.6 May ...........: 123.9 140.3 104.0 103.5 142.7 170.5 135.3 154.0 June ..........: 126.8 138.6 107.5 103.7 147.4 170.3 139.9 153.1 July ..........: 123.4 136.5 100.3 102.9 152.4 172.4 136.7 151.6 August ........: 128.4 137.8 100.6 105.4 158.4 168.1 144.4 153.3 September .....: 121.1 132.2 99.4 101.5 146.6 163.4 134.3 145.6 October .......: 112.8 120.5 89.7 96.3 155.2 158.4 126.4 133.9 November ......: 120.5 125.2 94.9 98.9 159.1 158.5 142.6 145.2 December ......: 127.1 121.3 93.3 96.5 172.5 149.5 148.5 137.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid Indexes, 2011 Base by Month for Selected Groups - United States: 2024 and 2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 Base :--------------------------------------------------------------- Month : All items : : Crop : Livestock : (PPITW) : Production : sector : sector :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- -- percent -- : January .......: 139.2 147.0 135.2 144.3 137.0 142.7 141.6 151.5 February ......: 139.9 147.5 136.0 144.8 137.2 142.9 142.8 152.2 March .........: 140.7 147.9 136.9 145.3 137.6 143.1 143.9 152.9 April .........: 140.3 148.7 136.6 146.5 137.5 143.1 143.3 154.5 May ...........: 140.3 149.5 136.7 147.6 137.3 143.5 143.6 155.8 June ..........: 140.0 149.9 136.2 148.0 137.1 143.9 143.1 156.3 July ..........: 139.7 150.8 135.9 149.1 137.1 144.1 142.6 157.7 August ........: 138.3 152.0 134.0 150.6 136.6 144.4 140.2 159.8 September .....: 138.0 152.9 133.5 151.8 136.5 144.7 139.6 161.3 October .......: 139.7 154.5 135.7 153.9 137.0 145.1 142.7 164.4 November ......: 140.2 153.0 136.4 152.0 136.9 145.1 143.8 161.1 December ......: 141.5 153.5 138.0 152.7 137.6 145.3 145.8 162.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source for fruits non-citrus commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crops : Barley, all ...............dollars/bushel: 4.79 6.45 5.73 5.16 Feed .....................dollars/bushel: 4.59 3.55 3.41 3.79 Malting ..................dollars/bushel: 4.83 6.98 5.87 5.54 Beans, dry edible ............dollars/cwt: 34.60 38.00 36.00 32.30 Canola .......................dollars/cwt: 23.10 19.30 19.80 19.50 Chickpeas, all ...............dollars/cwt: 35.70 33.10 24.50 29.40 Large .......................dollars/cwt: 39.20 35.20 25.60 31.50 Small .......................dollars/cwt: 23.40 28.80 16.70 20.90 Corn ......................dollars/bushel: 6.02 4.23 3.98 4.10 : Cotton, Upland .............dollars/pound: 0.880 0.625 0.607 0.584 Cottonseed ...................dollars/ton: 131.00 224.00 242.00 236.00 Flaxseed ..................dollars/bushel: 14.20 12.30 12.60 12.00 Hay, all, baled ..............dollars/ton: 159.00 157.00 151.00 149.00 Alfalfa .....................dollars/ton: 176.00 164.00 159.00 161.00 Other .......................dollars/ton: 119.00 148.00 134.00 128.00 Lentils ......................dollars/cwt: 27.50 36.60 22.90 23.10 Oats ......................dollars/bushel: 3.42 3.19 3.12 3.23 Peanuts, in-shell ..........dollars/pound: 0.252 0.247 0.231 0.223 : Peas, dry edible .............dollars/cwt: 13.60 13.90 10.70 10.80 Rice, all ....................dollars/cwt: 13.70 15.00 12.80 14.10 Long ........................dollars/cwt: 12.30 13.90 10.20 10.20 Medium and short ............dollars/cwt: 18.40 18.20 20.30 19.90 Sorghum grain ................dollars/cwt: 10.70 7.21 6.05 6.04 Soybeans ..................dollars/bushel: 12.50 9.79 10.50 10.40 Sunflowers, all ..............dollars/cwt: 29.00 21.50 22.80 22.20 : Wheat, all ................dollars/bushel: 7.44 5.49 4.88 4.95 Winter ...................dollars/bushel: 6.93 5.27 4.73 4.72 Durum ....................dollars/bushel: 9.22 6.66 5.82 6.11 Other spring .............dollars/bushel: 8.33 5.69 5.14 5.24 Hard red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 7.07 5.22 4.46 4.47 Soft red winter ..........dollars/bushel: 6.77 5.57 5.02 5.25 Hard red spring ..........dollars/bushel: 8.38 5.72 5.18 5.24 White ....................dollars/bushel: 6.58 5.33 5.05 5.13 : Fruits : Citrus, equivalent on-tree : Grapefruit ..................dollars/box: 7.47 26.10 (D) (D) Lemons ......................dollars/box: 12.30 25.59 19.59 17.26 Oranges .....................dollars/box: 8.16 13.38 20.99 15.90 : Non-citrus, fresh 1/ : Apples ...................dollars/pound: 0.325 0.741 0.670 0.673 Grapes .....................dollars/ton: 598.00 2,990.00 2,890.00 3,300.00 Peaches ....................dollars/ton: 507.00 (S) (S) (S) Pears ......................dollars/ton: 559.00 1,620.00 1,100.00 1,090.00 Strawberries ................dollars/cwt: 104.00 320.00 392.00 334.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source for vegetables, livestock, and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 2011 : : : Commodity : Base Price :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables, fresh 1/ : Asparagus ....................dollars/cwt: 37.50 (S) (S) (S) Beans, snap ..................dollars/cwt: 69.00 84.50 81.10 63.10 Broccoli .....................dollars/cwt: 41.60 115.00 104.00 100.00 Cantaloupes ..................dollars/cwt: 16.50 (S) 38.30 (S) Carrots ......................dollars/cwt: 30.80 72.60 (X) (X) Cauliflower ..................dollars/cwt: 47.00 128.00 121.00 59.90 Celery .......................dollars/cwt: 22.50 88.90 122.00 174.00 Corn, sweet ..................dollars/cwt: 30.70 72.30 26.20 36.90 Cucumbers ....................dollars/cwt: 18.70 22.30 33.00 31.80 Lettuce, head ................dollars/cwt: 24.30 30.40 96.70 50.40 Onions 2/ ....................dollars/cwt: 11.90 33.70 19.00 20.90 Potatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 14.30 10.40 8.00 7.90 Tomatoes .....................dollars/cwt: 51.20 147.00 72.70 55.30 : Livestock : Calves .......................dollars/cwt: 142.00 356.00 452.00 472.00 Cattle, all beef .............dollars/cwt: 115.00 190.00 226.00 221.00 Cows 3/ .....................dollars/cwt: 71.60 121.00 159.00 157.00 Steers and heifers ..........dollars/cwt: 117.00 193.00 228.00 224.00 Milk cows 4/ ................dollars/head: 1,420.00 (NA) (NA) (NA) Hogs, all ....................dollars/cwt: 66.50 62.30 65.10 62.30 Barrows and gilts ...........dollars/cwt: 66.80 62.90 64.90 62.40 Sows ........................dollars/cwt: 57.90 50.60 69.70 60.00 : Dairy and poultry : Milk, all 5/ .................dollars/cwt: 20.10 23.30 19.70 19.00 Fat test ........................percent: 4.51 4.46 4.46 4.51 Broilers, live 6/ ..........dollars/pound: 0.459 0.760 0.588 0.638 Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.969 4.34 2.19 1.66 Market 7/ .................dollars/dozen: 0.796 4.61 2.11 1.49 Turkeys, live 8/ ...........dollars/pound: 0.680 0.516 1.18 1.21 : Adjusted for seasonal variation : Eggs, all ..................dollars/dozen: 0.979 3.87 1.96 1.48 Seasonal factor .................percent: 101 112 112 112 Milk, all ....................dollars/cwt: 20.20 22.90 18.80 18.70 Seasonal factor .................percent: 100 102 105 102 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. (X) Not applicable. 1/ Beginning February 2020, price reflects FOB shipping point basis 2/ Includes some processing. 3/ Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 4/ Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 5/ Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 6/ Live weight equivalent price. 7/ Also referred to as table eggs. 8/ Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis. Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : All wheat : Corn : Soybeans Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per bushel : January ....: 8.81 6.77 5.52 6.63 4.74 4.29 14.50 12.80 10.00 February ...: 8.54 6.34 5.59 6.80 4.36 4.58 15.10 11.90 10.20 March ......: 8.35 6.01 5.71 6.67 4.36 4.57 14.90 11.80 10.20 April ......: 8.31 5.90 5.61 6.70 4.39 4.62 14.90 11.80 10.20 May ........: 8.07 6.19 5.58 6.54 4.51 4.64 14.40 11.90 10.40 June .......: 7.67 5.86 5.28 6.49 4.48 4.47 14.20 11.80 10.40 July .......: 7.61 5.52 4.94 6.22 4.23 4.29 14.70 11.30 10.20 August .....: 7.34 5.23 4.84 5.73 3.84 3.96 14.10 10.30 10.00 September ..: 7.06 5.36 4.77 5.21 3.97 4.00 13.20 10.20 9.85 October ....: 6.96 5.47 4.73 4.93 3.99 3.93 12.70 9.91 9.71 November ...: 6.52 5.45 4.88 4.66 4.07 3.98 13.00 9.84 10.50 December ...: 6.79 5.49 4.95 4.80 4.23 4.10 13.10 9.79 10.40 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month - United States: 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Beef cattle 1/ : All hogs 2/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : January ..: 156.00 172.00 199.00 58.50 53.00 61.10 February .: 158.00 178.00 203.00 59.60 58.20 66.00 March ....: 164.00 185.00 202.00 61.70 62.80 67.00 April ....: 171.00 185.00 208.00 57.00 66.90 65.50 May ......: 173.00 186.00 219.00 58.80 67.90 68.40 June .....: 181.00 189.00 228.00 64.60 68.80 76.70 July .....: 181.00 193.00 229.00 74.30 68.40 79.80 August ...: 182.00 190.00 236.00 73.70 67.80 79.80 September : 181.00 183.00 238.00 64.90 64.30 77.20 October ..: 182.00 187.00 232.00 60.40 63.90 71.30 November .: 180.00 188.00 226.00 57.50 65.40 65.10 December .: 172.00 190.00 221.00 53.30 62.30 62.30 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Cows and steers & heifers. 2/ Barrows & gilts and sows. Prices Received for All Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (S) (D) Arkansas ...........: (D) (S) (D) California .........: (S) 5.88 (D) Colorado ...........: 5.09 4.43 4.36 Idaho ..............: 5.50 4.92 4.95 Illinois ...........: 5.68 5.24 5.26 Indiana ............: 5.98 5.19 5.51 Kansas .............: 5.09 4.47 4.39 Michigan ...........: 5.38 5.02 5.07 Minnesota ..........: 5.67 4.83 5.16 : Missouri ...........: 5.59 4.99 5.26 Montana ............: 5.78 4.73 4.99 Nebraska ...........: 4.69 4.27 4.20 North Carolina .....: 5.17 5.15 (D) North Dakota .......: 5.74 5.19 5.27 Ohio ...............: 5.47 4.98 5.36 Oklahoma ...........: 5.16 4.56 4.48 Oregon .............: (D) (D) (D) Pennsylvania .......: 6.29 (D) 5.12 South Dakota .......: 5.46 4.64 4.94 : Texas ..............: 5.25 4.43 4.35 Washington .........: 5.21 5.10 5.20 : United States ......: 5.49 4.88 4.95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Winter Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: (D) (S) (D) California .........: (S) (D) (D) Colorado ...........: 5.09 4.43 4.36 Idaho ..............: 5.41 4.85 4.98 Illinois ...........: 5.68 5.24 5.26 Indiana ............: 5.98 5.19 5.51 Kansas .............: 5.09 4.47 4.39 Michigan ...........: 5.38 5.02 5.07 Missouri ...........: 5.59 4.99 5.26 Montana ............: 5.56 4.19 4.56 : Nebraska ...........: 4.69 4.27 4.20 North Carolina .....: 5.17 5.15 (D) North Dakota .......: 5.24 4.23 3.73 Ohio ...............: 5.47 4.98 5.36 Oklahoma ...........: 5.16 4.56 4.48 Oregon .............: (D) (D) (D) Pennsylvania .......: 6.29 (D) 5.12 South Dakota .......: 5.06 4.15 4.39 Texas ..............: 5.25 4.43 4.35 Washington .........: 5.16 5.10 5.18 : United States ......: 5.27 4.73 4.72 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Durum Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arizona ............: (D) (S) (D) California .........: (S) (D) (D) Montana ............: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 6.77 5.83 5.89 : United States ......: 6.66 5.82 6.11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Idaho ..............: 5.76 5.14 4.90 Minnesota ..........: 5.67 4.83 5.16 Montana ............: 6.34 5.50 5.49 North Dakota .......: 5.62 5.11 5.21 South Dakota .......: 5.72 5.18 5.34 Washington .........: 5.49 5.10 5.30 : United States ......: 5.69 5.14 5.24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Oats - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Illinois ...........: (D) (S) (D) Iowa ...............: 3.86 3.00 (D) Michigan ...........: 4.44 3.25 2.98 Minnesota ..........: 3.44 3.12 3.35 Montana ............: (S) (D) (D) Nebraska ...........: 3.33 (D) (D) New York ...........: (S) (S) (S) North Dakota .......: 2.76 3.13 3.16 Pennsylvania .......: (D) 5.03 4.04 South Dakota .......: (D) (D) 3.01 Texas ..............: (S) (S) (S) Wisconsin ..........: 3.23 3.27 3.98 : United States ......: 3.19 3.12 3.23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for All Barley - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: 6.49 5.90 6.81 Idaho ..............: 6.91 5.92 4.85 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) 3.41 Montana ............: 5.47 5.67 5.51 North Dakota .......: 5.90 5.07 4.54 Washington .........: (D) 3.93 (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (S) (D) : United States ......: 6.45 5.73 5.16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Malting Barley - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: 6.49 5.92 6.81 Idaho ..............: 7.32 6.05 4.92 Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) Montana ............: 6.14 5.89 6.69 North Dakota .......: 6.59 5.07 5.04 Washington .........: (D) (D) (S) Wyoming ............: (D) (S) (D) : United States ......: 6.98 5.87 5.54 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Feed Barley - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: (D) (D) (S) Idaho ..............: 3.50 3.56 (D) Minnesota ..........: (D) (S) (D) Montana ............: (D) 3.11 (D) North Dakota .......: (D) (S) (D) Washington .........: (D) 3.35 (D) Wyoming ............: (D) (S) (S) : United States ......: 3.55 3.41 3.79 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Corn - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Colorado ...........: 4.54 4.27 4.23 Illinois ...........: 4.16 4.07 4.23 Indiana ............: 4.32 4.17 4.37 Iowa ...............: 4.27 3.99 4.21 Kansas .............: 4.27 3.89 3.97 Kentucky ...........: 4.42 4.46 4.54 Michigan ...........: 4.04 3.76 3.85 Minnesota ..........: 4.22 3.83 3.90 Missouri ...........: 4.21 4.11 4.27 Nebraska ...........: 4.30 4.01 4.06 : North Carolina .....: 5.17 5.04 5.02 North Dakota .......: 3.89 3.71 3.67 Ohio ...............: 4.31 4.15 4.36 Pennsylvania .......: 4.41 4.64 4.75 South Dakota .......: 3.98 3.68 3.71 Tennessee ..........: 4.53 4.40 4.58 Texas ..............: 4.81 4.56 4.46 Wisconsin ..........: 4.03 3.86 3.94 : United States ......: 4.23 3.98 4.10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Sorghum Grain - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: 7.04 5.86 5.88 Nebraska ...........: 6.89 5.62 5.75 Oklahoma ...........: (D) 6.08 6.16 Texas ..............: 7.90 7.12 7.26 : United States ......: 7.21 6.05 6.04 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Soybeans - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : Arkansas ...........: 10.10 10.60 10.70 Illinois ...........: 10.00 10.60 10.60 Indiana ............: 10.10 10.60 10.60 Iowa ...............: 9.67 10.60 10.40 Kansas .............: 9.32 10.30 10.10 Kentucky ...........: 10.40 11.10 11.00 Louisiana ..........: (D) 10.80 10.60 Michigan ...........: 10.10 11.00 10.90 Minnesota ..........: 9.52 10.20 9.87 Mississippi ........: 10.10 10.80 (D) : Missouri ...........: 9.82 10.50 10.50 Nebraska ...........: 9.63 10.20 9.99 North Carolina .....: 9.70 10.70 10.50 North Dakota .......: 9.30 9.75 9.62 Ohio ...............: 10.10 10.80 11.00 South Dakota .......: 9.63 10.00 9.86 Tennessee ..........: 10.20 10.80 10.80 Wisconsin ..........: 9.53 10.50 10.20 : United States ......: 9.79 10.50 10.40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Dry Edible Beans - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Colorado ...........: 38.70 36.10 33.60 Idaho ..............: (D) (D) (D) Michigan ...........: 39.90 38.50 34.50 Minnesota ..........: 40.10 39.80 39.80 Nebraska ...........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 33.20 28.80 24.00 Washington .........: (D) (D) (D) : United States ......: 38.00 36.00 32.30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Dry Edible Peas - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------- State :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Idaho ..........: 13.90 (D) 13.30 Montana ........: (D) (D) (D) Nebraska .......: (D) (D) (S) North Dakota ...: 13.90 10.60 11.40 Washington .....: (D) (D) (S) : United States ..: 13.90 10.70 10.80 ------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Lentils - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------ State :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per cwt : Montana .......: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota ..: 35.20 (D) 19.00 Washington ....: 37.30 (D) 29.00 : United States .: 36.60 22.90 23.10 ------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for All Chickpeas - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------ State :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars per cwt : Idaho .........: 32.00 (D) 33.30 Montana .......: (S) (S) (S) North Dakota ..: (D) (D) (D) Washington ....: 35.20 (D) 17.10 : United States .: 33.10 24.50 29.40 ------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Canola - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Minnesota ..........: (S) (S) (S) Montana ............: (D) (D) (S) North Dakota .......: 19.40 19.70 19.40 Washington .........: 16.80 (D) 20.00 : United States ......: 19.30 19.80 19.50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Flaxseed - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per bushel : North Dakota .......: 12.30 12.60 12.00 : United States ......: 12.30 12.60 12.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Peanuts (in shell) - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per pound : Alabama ............: 0.226 0.184 0.225 Arkansas ...........: 0.257 0.213 0.191 Florida ............: 0.293 0.296 0.246 Georgia ............: 0.239 0.218 0.216 Mississippi ........: 0.126 0.254 0.192 Missouri ...........: 0.256 0.200 0.213 North Carolina .....: 0.273 0.271 0.252 Oklahoma ...........: 0.288 0.057 (S) South Carolina .....: 0.196 0.211 0.239 Texas ..............: 0.319 0.326 0.307 Virginia ...........: 0.281 0.270 0.247 : United States ......: 0.247 0.231 0.223 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Sunflower - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per cwt : Kansas .............: (S) (D) (D) Minnesota ..........: (D) (D) (D) North Dakota .......: 21.40 22.90 22.40 South Dakota .......: 21.20 21.70 21.40 : United States ......: 21.50 22.80 22.20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Cottonseed State :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December : November : December : December : November : December : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : -------- dollars per pound -------- --------- dollars per ton -------- : Alabama ............: (D) (D) (D) 172.00 214.00 235.00 Arizona ............: (D) (S) (D) 371.00 324.00 350.00 Arkansas ...........: (D) (D) (D) 240.00 (S) (S) California .........: (D) (S) (D) 380.00 369.00 384.00 Georgia ............: 0.656 0.596 0.636 163.00 197.00 183.00 Louisiana ..........: 0.629 (D) 0.588 (S) 235.00 275.00 Mississippi ........: (D) (D) (D) (S) 257.00 254.00 North Carolina .....: 0.638 0.608 0.607 223.00 245.00 224.00 Tennessee ..........: (D) (D) 0.515 220.00 265.00 (S) Texas ..............: 0.612 0.608 0.579 235.00 242.00 241.00 : United States ......: 0.625 0.607 0.584 224.00 242.00 236.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received and Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cotton, Upland : Average price ......dollars/pound: 0.625 0.607 0.584 Marketings 1/ ........1,000 bales: 1,727 477 2,407 : Rice, all : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 15.00 12.80 14.10 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 17,852 9,021 14,347 : Rice, long : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 13.90 10.20 10.20 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 13,435 6,725 8,622 : Rice, medium and short : California : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 18.70 21.20 21.00 : Other States 3/ : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 14.70 14.50 13.40 : United States : Average price ........dollars/cwt: 18.20 20.30 19.90 Marketings 2/ ..........1,000 cwt: 4,417 2,296 5,725 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2/ Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives. 3/ Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Prices Received for Hay by Type - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : All hay : Alfalfa hay : Other hay State :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December : November : December : December : November : December : December : November : December : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : Arizona ..............: 172.00 199.00 209.00 175.00 200.00 210.00 130.00 130.00 140.00 California ...........: 237.00 229.00 219.00 250.00 235.00 225.00 210.00 210.00 200.00 Colorado .............: 164.00 169.00 159.00 165.00 170.00 160.00 160.00 160.00 150.00 Idaho ................: 150.00 147.00 155.00 150.00 145.00 155.00 155.00 170.00 160.00 Illinois .............: 167.00 145.00 141.00 185.00 160.00 160.00 125.00 105.00 100.00 Iowa .................: 110.00 113.00 103.00 118.00 115.00 108.00 92.00 103.00 95.00 Kansas ...............: 132.00 115.00 115.00 135.00 121.00 122.00 125.00 103.00 103.00 Kentucky .............: 182.00 199.00 204.00 220.00 235.00 235.00 175.00 180.00 190.00 Michigan .............: 166.00 149.00 157.00 170.00 160.00 170.00 140.00 130.00 135.00 Minnesota ............: 99.00 95.00 110.00 117.00 120.00 129.00 69.00 70.00 77.00 : Missouri .............: 127.00 126.00 121.00 175.00 165.00 165.00 115.00 115.00 110.00 Montana ..............: 149.00 137.00 144.00 150.00 140.00 150.00 145.00 120.00 115.00 Nebraska .............: 117.00 98.00 96.00 125.00 103.00 101.00 100.00 85.00 86.00 Nevada ...............: 174.00 161.00 170.00 175.00 160.00 170.00 155.00 170.00 180.00 New Mexico ...........: 219.00 251.00 245.00 235.00 260.00 255.00 160.00 205.00 195.00 New York .............: 193.00 196.00 197.00 235.00 250.00 255.00 186.00 180.00 180.00 North Dakota .........: 89.00 90.00 89.00 92.00 92.00 93.00 71.00 69.00 68.00 Ohio .................: 188.00 177.00 177.00 205.00 200.00 200.00 165.00 160.00 160.00 Oklahoma .............: 104.00 98.00 80.00 164.00 169.00 157.00 98.00 84.00 75.00 Oregon ...............: 212.00 193.00 188.00 210.00 185.00 180.00 215.00 210.00 200.00 : Pennsylvania .........: 193.00 209.00 214.00 250.00 260.00 270.00 185.00 195.00 200.00 South Dakota .........: 103.00 95.00 96.00 110.00 98.00 99.00 90.00 88.00 90.00 Texas ................: 159.00 135.00 123.00 231.00 229.00 229.00 148.00 120.00 108.00 Utah .................: 151.00 180.00 190.00 155.00 180.00 190.00 95.00 140.00 145.00 Washington ...........: 180.00 170.00 171.00 170.00 155.00 155.00 205.00 210.00 200.00 Wisconsin ............: 138.00 134.00 140.00 152.00 142.00 153.00 93.00 103.00 93.00 Wyoming ..............: 154.00 160.00 155.00 160.00 170.00 170.00 140.00 110.00 120.00 : United States ........: 157.00 151.00 149.00 164.00 159.00 161.00 148.00 134.00 128.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Premium and Supreme Alfalfa Hay - States and 5-State Total: December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per ton : California .........: 300.00 275.00 260.00 Idaho ..............: 180.00 165.00 170.00 Michigan ...........: 205.00 190.00 200.00 Minnesota ..........: 197.00 181.00 190.00 New York ...........: 317.00 345.00 340.00 Pennsylvania .......: 328.00 380.00 375.00 Texas ..............: 284.00 270.00 270.00 Wisconsin ..........: 230.00 211.00 201.00 : 5-State Total 1/ 2/ : 230.00 216.00 211.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ 5-State total represents a weighted (hay purchases) average price for the five largest milk producing States (based on the pounds of milk produced during the previous month). 2/ For December 2024, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For November 2025, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. For December 2025, includes California, Idaho, New York, Texas, and Wisconsin. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2024 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: 52.80 28.67 39.83 (D) 26.10 37.35 (D) : Lemons ..............................: 54.00 32.31 41.91 (D) 25.59 34.43 (D) : Oranges .............................: 34.90 17.25 22.78 15.52 13.38 19.77 11.38 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: November 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Lemons ..............................: 47.80 25.79 35.40 15.71 19.59 27.76 11.01 : Oranges .............................: 40.40 23.91 28.22 7.40 20.99 25.47 3.83 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization - States and United States: December 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Equivalent returns Commodity, : FOB :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State, : packed : Packinghouse door : On-tree and type : fresh :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : All : Fresh : Process : All : Fresh : Process --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per box : Grapefruit ..........................: (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) : Lemons ..............................: 42.40 24.45 29.95 (D) 17.26 22.31 (D) : Oranges .............................: 42.20 19.42 30.09 12.51 15.90 27.44 8.44 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Prices Received for All Milk - States and United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : December 2024 : November 2025 : December 2025 State :------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Price :Fat test : Price :Fat test : Price : Fat test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent dollars per cwt percent : Arizona ............: 23.50 4.30 17.10 4.12 17.40 4.16 California .........: 22.40 4.38 19.30 4.28 19.60 4.37 Colorado ...........: 23.70 4.19 18.30 4.21 18.40 4.23 Florida ............: 27.10 4.04 22.50 4.04 24.00 3.98 Georgia ............: 27.70 4.10 23.60 4.08 24.40 4.09 Idaho ..............: 23.30 4.57 19.60 4.57 18.20 4.55 Illinois ...........: 22.90 4.41 20.20 4.46 19.10 4.50 Indiana ............: 24.90 4.35 20.50 4.30 20.90 4.38 Iowa ...............: 22.30 4.64 19.40 4.63 18.60 4.67 Kansas .............: 22.60 4.66 18.40 4.67 17.60 4.76 : Michigan ...........: 23.30 4.38 19.80 4.44 19.20 4.50 Minnesota ..........: 22.90 4.71 20.70 4.72 18.90 4.76 New Mexico .........: 21.80 4.28 18.50 4.40 17.40 4.45 New York ...........: 24.40 4.43 19.60 4.49 19.30 4.56 Ohio ...............: 24.70 4.40 21.20 4.39 21.10 4.44 Oregon .............: 23.50 4.66 20.60 4.61 19.90 4.60 Pennsylvania .......: 24.20 4.36 19.30 4.42 18.90 4.50 South Dakota .......: 22.60 4.80 20.30 4.82 18.60 4.85 Texas ..............: 23.90 4.67 20.00 4.64 18.90 4.70 Utah ...............: 23.00 4.36 18.60 4.35 18.10 4.37 : Vermont ............: 24.60 4.45 20.00 4.53 19.60 4.59 Virginia ...........: 27.10 4.25 23.00 4.29 24.10 4.36 Washington .........: 24.20 4.55 18.80 4.64 18.30 4.65 Wisconsin ..........: 22.50 4.46 19.70 4.45 18.40 4.51 : United States ......: 23.30 4.46 19.70 4.46 19.00 4.51 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Received for Milk Cows - States and United States: January 2026 with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Quarterly United States milk cow prices are based on revised milk cow inventory] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : January 2025 : October 2025 : January 2026 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per head : Arizona ............: 2,800 3,200 3,200 California .........: 2,600 3,000 2,800 Colorado ...........: 2,600 3,100 3,000 Florida ............: 2,580 3,150 3,100 Georgia ............: 2,480 3,000 2,990 Idaho ..............: 2,550 3,100 2,900 Illinois ...........: 2,510 2,970 2,930 Indiana ............: 2,670 3,150 3,040 Iowa ...............: 2,690 3,200 3,150 Kansas .............: 2,350 2,950 2,900 : Michigan ...........: 2,760 3,220 3,220 Minnesota ..........: 2,590 3,080 3,050 New Mexico .........: 2,500 2,700 2,800 New York ...........: 2,800 3,150 3,080 Ohio ...............: 2,560 3,100 3,040 Oregon .............: 2,600 3,000 2,900 Pennsylvania .......: 2,720 3,150 2,980 South Dakota .......: 2,500 3,000 2,840 Texas ..............: 2,600 3,000 2,850 Utah ...............: 2,400 2,800 2,700 : Vermont ............: 2,930 3,290 3,100 Virginia ...........: 2,700 2,930 2,950 Washington .........: 2,650 3,000 2,750 Wisconsin ..........: 2,860 3,360 3,170 : United States ......: 2,660 3,110 2,860 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parity Price Overview Parity prices, based on data from January 2025, and adjusted base price data from which parity prices are computed are presented in the tables on the following pages. Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III. Subtitle A, Section 301(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, 1954, and 1956. The parity prices shown in this report are based on the provisions of the amended Act. Briefly, the actual method of computation is as follows: a. The average of prices received by farmers for individual commodities for the 10 preceding years is calculated (for 2025, the 10-average includes the years 2015-2024). An allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental payments resulting from price support programs, such as the deficiency payments for grains and cotton, is included for those commodities for which applicable. b. This 10-year average is divided by the average of the Index of Prices Received by Farmers for the same 10 preceding calendar years, adjusted to include an allowance for unredeemed loans and other supplemental price support operations, to give an "adjusted base price". c. Parity prices are computed by multiplying the "adjusted base prices" by the current Parity Index (the Index of Prices Paid by Farmers, including Interest, Taxes, and Wage Rates, 1910-1914=100). Parity prices are calculated in terms of prices received by farmers in the local markets in which they ordinarily sell. This means that the parity prices apply to the average of all classes and grades of the commodity as sold by all farmers in the United States, except as otherwise specified. Fruits and vegetables for fresh use and for processing are usually considered separate commodities and separate parity prices are calculated. The Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 provided for parity prices for certain commodities covered by a marketing agreement or order program. Under present legislation, United States parity prices, with appropriate adjustments where needed, may be used for the purpose of this Act. Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Price as percent :Adjusted : : : of parity Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------------------------- : price :December :November :December :December :November :December : : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------------- dollars ------------- ------- percent ------ : Basic commodities : All wheat ............bushel: 0.522 20.40 21.60 21.60 27 23 23 Rice ....................cwt: 1.29 49.60 53.40 53.60 30 24 26 Corn .................bushel: 0.392 15.10 16.20 16.20 28 25 25 Cotton : Upland ..............pound: 0.064 2.48 2.65 2.66 25 23 22 American Pima .......pound: 0.137 5.23 5.34 5.36 28 26 26 Peanuts ...............pound: 0.020 0.763 0.828 0.831 32 28 27 Small chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.34 88.10 96.90 97.20 33 17 22 Large chickpeas 1/ ......cwt: 2.73 103.00 113.00 113.00 34 23 28 Lentils 1/ ..............cwt: 2.55 92.30 106.00 106.00 40 22 22 : Designated non-basic : All milk, to plants 2/ ..cwt: 1.71 66.80 70.80 71.10 34 27 26 Honey, extracted 3/ ...pound: 0.206 8.01 8.74 8.77 34 31 31 : Wool and mohair : Wool ..................pound: 0.143 5.53 5.88 5.90 28 27 26 Mohair ................pound: 0.505 18.90 20.90 20.90 34 30 30 : Other non-basic : Apples, fresh 4/ ......pound: 0.049 1.790 2.030 2.040 41 33 33 Barley ...............bushel: 0.491 18.60 20.30 20.40 35 28 25 Canola ..................cwt: 1.85 70.60 76.20 76.50 27 26 25 Cottonseed ..............ton: 18.50 706.00 766.00 769.00 32 32 31 Dry edible beans ........cwt: 3.05 116.00 126.00 126.00 33 29 26 Flaxseed .............bushel: 1.13 43.90 46.80 47.00 28 27 26 Oats .................bushel: 0.292 11.30 12.10 12.10 28 26 27 Potatoes, fresh .........cwt: 1.15 43.90 47.60 47.80 24 17 17 Sorghum grain ...........cwt: 0.703 26.90 29.10 29.20 27 21 21 Soybeans .............bushel: 0.967 37.80 40.00 40.20 26 26 26 Sunflower, all ..........cwt: 1.99 77.50 82.40 82.70 28 28 27 : Citrus (equivalent on-tree) : Grapefruit ..............box: 1.23 43.90 50.90 51.10 59 61 62 Lemons ..................box: 2.07 79.00 82.40 82.70 32 24 21 Oranges .................box: 1.150 43.90 47.60 47.80 30 44 33 : Livestock and poultry : Beef cattle .............cwt: 12.10 458.00 501.00 503.00 41 45 44 Broilers ..............pound: 0.052 1.98 2.15 2.16 38 27 30 Calves ..................cwt: 18.00 675.00 745.00 748.00 53 61 63 Eggs 2/ ...............dozen: 0.124 4.35 5.13 5.15 89 38 29 Hogs ....................cwt: 5.13 203.00 212.00 213.00 31 31 29 Turkeys, live .........pound: 0.067 2.670 2.770 2.780 19 43 44 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Parity prices began January 2015. 2/ Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 3/ Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 4/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York, Oregon, and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Parity price : Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :----------------------------------------- : price : December : November : December : : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Field crops and miscellaneous : Hops ..............................pound: 0.494 18.60 20.50 20.50 Mustard seed ........................cwt: 3.12 119.00 131.00 131.00 Rapeseed ............................cwt: 2.18 85.10 90.30 90.60 Rye ..............................bushel: 0.540 21.70 22.40 22.40 Safflower ...........................cwt: 2.19 85.10 90.70 91.00 Spearmint oil .....................pound: 1.60 61.10 63.80 64.00 Sweet potatoes ......................cwt: 2.01 78.20 83.20 83.50 : Tobacco : Flue-cured, 11-14 ...............pound: 0.181 6.95 7.49 7.52 Fire-cured, 21-23 ...............pound: 0.251 9.58 10.40 10.40 Burley, 31 ......................pound: 0.185 7.06 7.70 7.73 Maryland, 32 ....................pound: 0.184 7.02 7.53 7.56 Dark air-cured, 35-37 ...........pound: 0.224 8.55 9.27 9.31 Pennsylvania seedleaf, 41 .......pound: 0.266 10.20 11.20 11.20 : Non-citrus fruit : Apples, processing 1/ 2/ ............ton: 19.70 756.00 816.00 819.00 Apricots, fresh 3/ ..................ton: 132.00 4,850.00 5,460.00 5,480.00 Avocados 2/ 3/ ......................ton: 217.00 8,090.00 8,980.00 9,020.00 Cherries : Sweet .............................ton: 205.00 7,860.00 8,490.00 8,520.00 Tart 2/ .........................pound: 0.024 0.992 0.994 0.997 Cranberry 2/ 4/ ..................barrel: 3.08 116.00 128.00 128.00 Dates (California) 3/ ...............ton: 270.00 10,300.00 12,050.00 12,090.00 : Grapes (California) : Wine, processing ..................ton: 88.40 3,270.00 3,660.00 3,670.00 Kiwifruit 2/ ........................ton: 180.00 6,300.00 7,450.00 7,480.00 Nectarines, fresh (California) 3/ ...ton: 106.00 3,750.00 4,390.00 4,400.00 Olives, canning (California) 4/ .....ton: 106.00 4,080.00 4,390.00 4,400.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Commodity Parity Prices - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1956. See February "Agricultural Prices" for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : : Parity price :Adjusted : : : Commodity and unit : base :-------------------------------------------- : price : December : November : December : : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Non-citrus fruit - continued : Papayas (Hawaii) .................pound: 0.054 2.06 2.28 2.29 Peaches, fresh 4/ 5/ ...............ton: 125.00 4,620.00 5,180.00 5,190.00 Pears, fresh 5/ ....................ton: 57.50 2,250.00 2,380.00 2,390.00 Plums (California) equivalent on-tree : Fresh 6/ .........................ton: 110.00 3,970.00 4,550.00 4,570.00 Strawberries : Fresh 7/ .........................cwt: 11.10 416.00 460.00 461.00 Processing .......................cwt: 4.04 154.00 164.00 165.00 : Sugar crops : Sugar beets 2/ 8/ ................ton: 4.10 169.00 190.00 191.00 Sugarcane 2/ 8/ ..................ton: 3.43 139.00 160.00 161.00 : Tree nuts 9/ : Almonds ..........................pound: 0.195 8.20 8.07 8.10 Hazelnuts ..........................ton: 180.00 7,630.00 7,450.00 7,480.00 Pistachios .......................pound: 0.206 8.62 8.53 8.56 Walnuts ............................ton: 135.00 5,800.00 5,590.00 5,610.00 : Vegetables, fresh 7/ : Carrots 10/ ........................cwt: 3.87 131.00 160.00 161.00 Cauliflower 10/ ....................cwt: 5.21 194.00 216.00 216.00 Celery 10/ .........................cwt: 2.22 84.00 91.90 92.20 Honeydew melons ....................cwt: 2.44 93.10 101.00 101.00 Lettuce ............................cwt: 2.86 109.00 122.00 123.00 Onions 10/ .........................cwt: 1.73 66.00 79.50 79.80 Tomatoes ...........................cwt: 4.23 159.00 175.00 176.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2/ Adjusted base price is carried forward from the previous year since current marketing year average price is not yet available. 3/ Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 4/ Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 5/ Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except Peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 6/ Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 7/ FOB shipping point price. 8/ Relates to prices including average conditional payments per ton made under the sugar acts of 1937 and 1948. Crop deficiency and abandonment payments not included. 9/ Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 10/ Includes some processing. Marketing Year for Specified Commodities Rice: August 1 to July 31 for United States, Arkansas, and Mississippi; July 1 to June 30 for Louisiana and Texas; September 1 to August 31 for Missouri; October 1 to September 30 for California. Rice Market Year Average Prices Received by All and Length of Grain - States and United States: Marketing Years 2023 through 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2023 : 2024 ----------------------------------------------------------------- : : All rice : Arkansas ..............: 15.70 13.60 California ............: 22.30 18.70 Louisiana .............: 17.10 15.50 Mississippi ...........: 16.00 14.40 Missouri ..............: 15.90 13.90 Texas .................: 17.80 15.90 : United States 1/ ......: 17.30 15.10 : Long grain : United States 1/ ......: 15.90 14.00 : Medium and short grain : California ............: 22.30 18.70 Other States 1/ .......: 17.20 15.00 : United States 1/ ......: 21.60 18.50 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Based on state prices weighted by marketings for August through July. All Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2024-2025 through 2025-2026 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024-2025 2/ : 2025-2026 2/ : 2024-2025 2/ : 2025-2026 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars per cwt ------ ---------- 1,000 cwt --------- : August ....: 17.30 14.10 6,588 7,027 September .: 15.40 13.00 12,084 8,534 October ...: 14.90 12.80 14,799 9,536 November ..: 15.10 12.80 13,802 9,021 December ..: 15.00 14.10 17,852 14,347 January 3/ : 15.80 16,763 February ..: 15.20 11,690 March .....: 14.90 12,326 April .....: 14.60 10,211 May .......: 14.10 10,609 June ......: 14.70 8,147 July ......: 14.20 7,687 : MYA .......: 15.10 142,558 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2024 - November 2025. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2027 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Long Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2024-2025 through 2025-2026 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024-2025 2/ : 2025-2026 2/ : 2024-2025 2/ : 2025-2026 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars per cwt ------ ---------- 1,000 cwt --------- : August ....: 15.20 12.20 4,439 4,877 September .: 14.40 11.00 9,812 6,137 October ...: 14.00 10.30 11,851 6,998 November ..: 14.10 10.20 9,959 6,725 December ..: 13.90 10.20 13,435 8,622 January 3/ : 14.40 11,559 February ..: 14.30 8,522 March .....: 14.10 9,790 April .....: 13.70 7,974 May .......: 13.10 8,661 June ......: 13.30 5,840 July ......: 12.70 5,601 : MYA .......: 14.00 107,443 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2024 - November 2025. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2027 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received and Farm Marketings by Month - United States: Marketing Years 2024-2024 through 2025-2026 [Marketing year average (MYA) prices are weighted average prices for the United States marketing year of August through July] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Prices received : Farm marketings 1/ Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024-2025 2/ : 2025-2026 2/ : 2024-2025 2/ : 2025-2026 2/ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars per cwt ------ ---------- 1,000 cwt --------- : August ....: 21.70 18.20 2,149 2,150 September .: 20.10 18.10 2,272 2,397 October ...: 18.40 19.60 2,948 2,538 November ..: 17.80 20.30 3,843 2,296 December ..: 18.20 19.90 4,417 5,725 January 3/ : 18.70 5,204 February ..: 17.80 3,168 March .....: 18.20 2,536 April .....: 17.70 2,237 May .......: 18.40 1,948 June ......: 18.10 2,307 July ......: 18.20 2,086 : MYA .......: 18.50 35,115 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Purchases from producers as reported by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped from producers as reported by cooperative mills. 2/ Prices and marketings include late reports and revised data for October 2024 - November 2025. Final monthly prices, marketings, and MYA price will be published in the January 2027 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Medium and Short Grain Rice Prices Received by Month - California and Other States: Marketing Years 2024-2025 through 2025-2026 [Marketing year for California: October - September. Marketing Year for Other States: August - July. Other States include Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : California : Other States Month :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024-2025 1/ : 2025-2026 1/ : 2024-2025 : 2025-2026 2/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ------ dollars per cwt ------ ------ dollars per cwt ------ : August ......: 21.90 18.60 15.10 14.00 September ...: 22.30 18.70 14.50 14.80 October .....: 18.80 21.00 16.90 15.40 November ....: 18.70 21.20 14.70 14.50 December ....: 18.70 21.00 14.70 13.40 January 3/ ..: 19.10 15.80 February ....: 18.50 15.10 March .......: 18.60 16.00 April .......: 18.50 14.10 May .........: 19.00 13.80 June ........: 18.70 14.10 July ........: 18.60 12.90 : MYA .........: 18.70 15.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Prices include late reports and revised data for October 2024 - November 2025. 2/ Prices include late reports and revised data for August 2025 - November 2025. Final monthly prices and MYA price will be published in the October 2026 "Agricultural Prices" report. 3/ Second year. Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Agricultural production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 89.3 94.8 97.6 104.3 106.3 107.3 106.9 109.6 108.8 106.9 108.7 112.9 109.9 2022 ..: 111.7 119.8 127.3 133.8 135.0 135.3 134.3 131.5 131.4 127.8 133.6 138.0 130.1 2023 ..: 124.4 126.4 128.1 130.8 127.1 127.5 125.0 125.7 122.0 114.2 114.1 113.3 116.3 2024 ..: 111.8 120.3 122.1 122.5 123.9 126.8 123.4 128.4 121.1 112.8 120.5 127.1 120.3 2025 ..: 129.8 147.4 142.9 137.7 140.3 138.6 136.5 137.8 132.2 120.5 125.2 121.3 133.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 88.3 97.2 98.5 105.1 106.1 107.5 106.8 110.6 108.9 106.4 107.5 106.7 114.4 2022 ..: 105.0 114.6 120.9 122.9 124.2 126.9 125.0 128.4 127.2 121.8 127.1 129.0 123.4 2023 ..: 118.1 120.8 118.9 126.4 121.0 121.2 119.8 118.5 113.4 104.5 101.7 101.8 103.0 2024 ..: 98.1 101.3 100.2 101.9 104.0 107.5 100.3 100.6 99.4 89.7 94.9 93.3 96.9 2025 ..: 88.9 96.8 96.1 100.8 103.5 103.7 102.9 105.4 101.5 96.3 98.9 96.5 97.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Grain and oilseed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 78.5 88.4 90.6 96.8 104.1 101.6 99.7 104.1 96.1 91.9 93.1 97.8 109.6 2022 ..: 99.3 109.6 116.1 122.2 124.9 126.3 120.5 121.1 116.8 109.3 111.1 113.7 113.0 2023 ..: 113.7 117.0 114.8 115.1 111.9 109.7 107.6 102.7 96.4 93.8 88.7 91.1 86.8 2024 ..: 90.2 84.2 83.4 83.9 84.4 82.6 78.1 74.0 75.2 74.8 73.2 75.2 77.0 2025 ..: 76.9 80.4 80.3 80.5 80.8 78.3 74.5 73.1 73.1 73.1 74.2 75.3 73.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Food grain :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 84.2 88.9 88.6 90.3 96.6 88.6 86.4 98.4 105.0 110.5 113.2 118.0 115.5 2022 ..: 118.0 120.3 127.8 131.0 138.6 129.6 118.0 118.5 119.8 126.4 128.9 129.4 123.5 2023 ..: 125.3 122.8 120.7 121.5 121.0 109.0 106.2 104.5 102.4 104.5 100.8 102.3 99.9 2024 ..: 103.1 99.7 97.2 96.8 99.5 85.3 78.1 77.8 83.9 87.2 87.8 85.6 82.9 2025 ..: 88.5 88.7 88.8 87.3 85.3 76.5 69.6 70.3 72.2 74.4 79.1 79.0 74.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed grain :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 71.2 80.0 82.0 88.8 98.5 99.8 101.7 104.7 91.3 83.9 87.9 91.5 104.9 2022 ..: 93.2 101.7 109.4 117.7 120.8 122.5 120.0 121.1 118.4 108.6 108.7 110.1 109.1 2023 ..: 110.5 113.5 111.3 111.7 108.9 108.2 103.6 96.8 87.7 82.6 78.2 80.4 76.4 2024 ..: 79.5 73.6 73.7 73.9 75.5 75.3 71.6 67.1 67.3 66.9 68.1 70.9 72.2 2025 ..: 71.9 76.9 76.7 77.2 77.5 74.8 72.2 68.4 67.6 65.6 66.3 68.3 67.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Oilseed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 86.8 100.2 103.9 109.6 116.0 113.9 111.1 108.2 98.4 95.5 97.4 100.7 113.9 2022 ..: 103.7 117.7 122.9 125.9 127.9 130.7 123.7 122.9 113.6 108.0 111.9 114.8 115.0 2023 ..: 116.0 120.5 118.5 118.4 114.5 112.9 116.6 112.5 105.6 101.4 103.6 104.2 97.1 2024 ..: 102.2 95.3 94.6 94.7 95.7 94.3 90.9 84.3 82.2 79.5 78.9 78.7 81.7 2025 ..: 80.4 82.5 82.8 82.7 84.5 84.8 83.4 83.0 79.7 77.9 84.1 83.2 81.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fruit and tree nut :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 125.6 125.2 120.1 138.5 123.1 127.8 129.9 134.2 133.4 134.6 135.6 133.0 133.8 2022 ..: 135.8 135.8 125.8 135.3 132.3 140.3 141.9 151.5 151.1 153.9 151.5 146.3 153.5 2023 ..: 150.6 138.9 132.8 139.9 130.9 143.9 154.8 166.6 168.2 166.0 161.7 138.7 151.8 2024 ..: 127.6 128.5 116.1 117.9 118.8 147.8 161.1 171.2 169.4 158.7 167.5 156.0 155.5 2025 ..: 144.5 140.0 127.6 142.7 148.4 166.9 171.2 172.6 171.0 173.7 170.1 158.5 165.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Vegetables & melons :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 121.2 99.0 104.8 93.3 93.8 103.6 104.1 99.6 123.3 193.5 174.5 120.8 120.5 2022 ..: 130.9 130.2 173.2 127.3 126.8 127.0 136.1 141.9 160.2 239.2 304.3 300.7 175.0 2023 ..: 171.4 155.4 148.0 207.6 160.8 164.6 159.2 141.3 133.0 130.6 143.9 144.0 156.1 2024 ..: 163.0 192.4 192.7 174.3 162.8 197.9 154.0 142.9 140.1 158.1 221.8 170.1 173.4 2025 ..: 148.5 141.3 140.3 133.4 126.0 138.6 158.3 154.0 133.4 219.6 216.1 177.3 157.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other crop :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 86.7 88.7 88.8 89.5 97.6 103.0 103.3 106.0 111.5 109.2 105.7 106.5 109.5 2022 ..: 109.4 110.9 113.3 114.7 120.0 126.4 129.5 128.2 134.7 126.5 114.4 114.2 119.6 2023 ..: 111.3 113.1 116.7 121.6 125.6 131.8 126.8 115.0 122.7 114.8 102.3 103.3 111.8 2024 ..: 102.9 105.5 108.2 107.6 111.8 110.9 107.7 95.0 105.3 97.6 91.6 88.6 95.0 2025 ..: 88.0 90.0 92.8 95.9 100.7 99.5 98.8 93.5 104.9 96.6 87.9 85.3 93.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Food commodity :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 93.7 96.8 99.9 106.9 107.7 108.7 107.9 110.7 111.3 111.6 114.6 118.5 110.9 2022 ..: 118.7 125.3 133.3 139.6 140.5 140.2 139.4 135.1 135.2 133.7 145.2 150.2 137.3 2023 ..: 131.6 131.7 134.0 136.5 132.1 132.5 130.6 133.3 130.2 123.2 128.5 124.3 127.5 2024 ..: 125.2 133.3 135.2 133.8 135.3 139.9 136.7 144.4 134.3 126.4 142.6 148.5 135.1 2025 ..: 151.2 166.9 159.5 150.6 154.0 153.1 151.6 153.3 145.6 133.9 145.2 137.2 149.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 90.7 92.5 96.8 103.6 106.5 107.2 107.1 108.6 108.6 107.7 110.2 120.1 105.1 2022 ..: 123.6 125.6 133.9 144.8 145.6 144.5 146.2 134.9 136.6 139.2 143.6 150.8 138.9 2023 ..: 135.7 132.6 137.7 135.1 133.0 134.5 131.8 133.7 132.4 132.6 133.5 129.2 133.5 2024 ..: 136.0 140.8 144.1 142.2 142.7 147.4 152.4 158.4 146.6 155.2 159.1 172.5 149.6 2025 ..: 189.1 193.8 182.7 168.1 170.5 170.3 172.4 168.1 163.4 158.4 158.5 149.5 170.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Meat animal :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 91.7 95.3 99.8 106.2 106.8 109.9 109.7 110.2 108.3 106.2 106.9 110.1 105.3 2022 ..: 111.1 116.2 119.6 120.0 121.1 121.3 124.1 124.7 122.0 122.6 124.7 123.8 121.1 2023 ..: 122.2 124.3 129.3 131.9 135.0 142.1 146.2 147.6 142.4 142.7 139.5 129.8 136.1 2024 ..: 131.2 137.3 144.5 146.1 147.8 149.3 151.4 149.9 142.7 147.3 148.8 145.6 145.2 2025 ..: 156.5 160.5 161.5 165.3 173.9 181.6 183.7 190.4 189.9 189.2 180.6 171.7 175.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cattle :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 97.2 98.7 99.5 103.8 103.1 105.5 106.6 107.8 108.9 108.7 113.3 119.8 106.1 2022 ..: 118.5 120.4 121.7 121.7 123.0 122.2 123.9 123.6 125.4 127.8 132.7 134.8 124.6 2023 ..: 136.6 138.4 144.1 150.5 152.0 158.7 158.7 160.1 160.4 163.9 161.9 153.3 153.1 2024 ..: 154.5 159.1 166.2 165.8 165.6 167.4 170.1 167.4 162.6 169.8 171.7 172.0 165.9 2025 ..: 179.8 181.9 182.5 188.4 196.0 202.5 203.4 211.0 215.4 217.9 210.4 203.3 199.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hog :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 75.5 84.8 101.1 113.7 119.2 124.4 120.3 118.8 106.5 98.5 88.1 85.0 103.0 2022 ..: 88.4 103.2 112.9 114.6 114.1 118.3 124.8 129.0 111.0 106.0 100.3 94.0 109.7 2023 ..: 88.0 89.6 92.8 85.7 88.4 97.1 111.7 110.8 97.6 90.8 86.5 80.2 93.3 2024 ..: 79.7 87.5 94.4 100.6 102.1 103.5 102.9 102.0 96.7 96.1 98.3 93.7 96.5 2025 ..: 91.9 99.2 100.8 98.5 102.9 115.3 120.0 120.0 116.1 107.2 97.9 93.7 105.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Dairy :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 85.1 83.1 86.1 91.0 95.0 90.5 88.6 87.6 91.0 97.5 103.0 108.0 92.2 2022 ..: 118.9 121.9 127.4 134.3 135.3 132.8 126.9 119.9 119.9 127.4 126.4 121.9 126.1 2023 ..: 113.9 106.5 104.5 102.5 95.0 88.6 86.1 97.5 104.0 107.0 107.5 101.5 101.2 2024 ..: 99.0 101.5 102.5 101.5 109.5 113.4 113.4 117.4 126.9 124.9 120.4 115.9 112.2 2025 ..: 119.9 117.4 109.5 104.5 106.0 106.0 103.5 104.0 101.5 99.5 98.0 94.5 105.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 93.6 96.1 101.1 111.5 118.0 119.2 119.3 124.2 125.8 120.2 124.4 151.1 117.0 2022 ..: 158.9 153.0 176.9 215.7 213.3 211.9 217.4 176.0 189.2 192.2 209.5 241.7 195.7 2023 ..: 186.4 177.8 190.7 175.8 166.4 163.5 141.5 132.6 135.6 131.2 143.4 153.4 158.0 2024 ..: 169.9 176.7 175.7 167.9 160.3 170.7 181.4 201.2 167.3 189.4 205.1 254.4 184.5 2025 ..: 297.7 315.0 281.2 226.0 217.6 203.5 204.1 172.8 162.4 144.5 164.0 153.7 211.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares. Prices Received Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Agricultural production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 921 978 1007 1076 1097 1108 1103 1131 1122 1103 1122 1165 1135 2022 ..: 1152 1236 1313 1381 1393 1396 1386 1357 1356 1318 1378 1424 1344 2023 ..: 1283 1305 1322 1350 1311 1316 1290 1297 1259 1178 1178 1169 1202 2024 ..: 1154 1241 1260 1264 1278 1309 1274 1324 1250 1163 1244 1311 1243 2025 ..: 1339 1521 1474 1421 1448 1430 1408 1421 1365 1244 1292 1252 1374 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 770 847 858 916 925 937 931 964 949 928 937 930 996 2022 ..: 915 999 1054 1071 1082 1106 1090 1119 1108 1061 1108 1124 1074 2023 ..: 1029 1053 1036 1102 1055 1056 1044 1033 988 911 886 887 897 2024 ..: 855 883 873 888 907 937 875 877 866 782 827 813 844 2025 ..: 775 844 837 878 902 904 897 919 885 839 862 841 852 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 1054 1075 1124 1203 1238 1246 1244 1262 1262 1252 1281 1396 1222 2022 ..: 1437 1460 1556 1683 1692 1679 1699 1569 1587 1618 1670 1752 1615 2023 ..: 1577 1542 1600 1571 1545 1563 1532 1554 1540 1541 1551 1502 1552 2024 ..: 1581 1636 1675 1653 1658 1713 1772 1842 1705 1804 1850 2005 1740 2025 ..: 2198 2252 2124 1954 1982 1979 2004 1954 1899 1841 1842 1738 1980 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using monthly commodity market shares. Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1,900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total sales. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded sales. Recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: In general, revisions are made during annual commodity market year estimation time, following five-year Census revisions, or when later information is received. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any non- sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non-sampling errors. Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program methodology. December Prices Paid by Farmers The December Prices Paid Index for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW), at 153.5, is up 0.3 percent from November 2025 and 8.5 percent from December 2024. Production: The December index, at 152.7, is up 0.5 percent from November and 11 percent from last year. Higher prices in December for feeder cattle, feeder pigs, nitrogen, and concentrates more than offset lower prices for diesel, gasoline, complete feeds, and hay & forages. Feed: At 112.4, the December index increased 0.2 percent from November but decreased 2.3 percent from last December. Since November, higher prices for concentrates, feed grains, and supplements more than offset lower prices for complete feeds and hay & forages. Livestock and poultry: The December index, at 256.7, increased 1.7 percent from November and 29 percent from last year. Since November, prices are higher for feeder cattle and feeder pigs. The December feeder cattle price, at $377.00 per cwt, is up $6.00 per cwt from the November price. The December feeder pigs price, at $214.00 per cwt, is up $14.00 per cwt from November. Fertilizer: The index for December, at 116.7, is up 1.4 percent from November and 13 percent from December a year ago. Since November, prices are higher for nitrogen, mixed fertilizer, and potash & phosphate. Chemicals: The December index, at 116.3, is down 0.1 percent from November and 0.9 percent from last December. Fuels: At 82.6, the December index is down 3.5 percent from November and 1.8 percent from December 2024. Compared with November, prices are lower for diesel and gasoline but higher for LP gas. Machinery: The index for December, at 172.2, increased 0.2 percent from November and 0.8 percent from last December. Compared with last month, prices are higher for other machinery, tractors, and self-propelled machinery. Consumer Price Index: The December 2025 Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), as issued by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, increased 2.7 percent over the last 12 months to an index level of 324.054 (1982-1984=100). For the month, the index was unchanged prior to seasonal adjustment. Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1910-1914 Base : 2011 Base Index Group :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- and : December : November : December : December : November : December Ratios : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Prices paid by farmers for : commodities, services, : interest, taxes, and wage : rates (PPITW) ...................: 3830 4140 4155 141.5 153.0 153.5 Production ....................: 2872 3162 3176 138.0 152.0 152.7 Feed ........................: 1266 1235 1236 115.0 112.2 112.4 Livestock and poultry .......: 3938 4982 5065 199.6 252.5 256.7 Seeds .......................: 4401 4401 4401 133.8 133.8 133.8 Fertilizer ..................: 1249 1388 1407 103.6 115.1 116.7 Chemicals ...................: 1053 1043 1043 117.4 116.4 116.3 Fuels .......................: 2352 2393 2309 84.1 85.6 82.6 Supplies and repairs ........: 1726 1776 1779 146.3 150.5 150.7 : Autos and trucks ............: 3945 3968 3956 128.3 129.0 128.6 Machinery ...................: 10439 10502 10517 170.9 171.9 172.2 Building materials ..........: 3884 4000 4006 166.9 171.8 172.1 Services and rent ...........: 3356 3534 3536 (NA) (NA) (NA) Services ....................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 147.9 157.4 157.5 Rent ........................: (NA) (NA) (NA) 137.6 141.7 141.7 : Interest 1/ ...................: 5764 5455 5455 158.0 149.6 149.6 Taxes 2/ ......................: 9587 10066 10066 161.6 169.6 169.6 Wage rates ....................: 12232 12494 12494 170.8 174.4 174.4 Family living-CPI 3/ ..........: 2999 3080 3079 140.3 144.1 144.1 : Production, interest, taxes, : and wage rates (PITW) .........: 3996 4352 4369 141.7 154.3 154.9 : Ratio (received/paid) ...........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 89 82 79 Parity ratio 4/ .................: 34 31 30 (NA) (NA) (NA) Parity ratio adjusted 5/ ........: 35 34 32 (NA) (NA) (NA) PPITW adjusted for : productivity 6/ ...............: 1991 2154 2156 (NA) (NA) (NA) : Crop sector (PPITW) .............: (NA) (NA) (NA) 137.6 145.1 145.3 Livestock sector (PPITW) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 145.8 161.1 162.1 : Farm sector (production) ........: (NA) (NA) (NA) 145.9 167.0 168.6 Non-farm sector (production) ....: (NA) (NA) (NA) 133.2 141.9 142.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (NA) Not available. 1/ Interest per acre on farm real estate debt and interest rate on farm non-real estate debt. 2/ Farm real estate taxes payable per acre. 3/ Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U), converted by the USDA. 4/ Ratio of index of prices received to PPITW (1910-1914=100). 5/ Based on estimated cash receipts, from marketings and government payments, the preliminary adjustment factor is updated annually. 6/ PPITW is adjusted based on productivity trend for the prior 15 years. Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-components - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov. Relative weights are a five year moving average] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Relative weights : Indexes (2011=100) :------------------------------------------------------- Index Group : : :December :November :December : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Production items ............: 76.036 75.027 138.0 152.0 152.7 : Feed ......................: 14.590 14.164 115.0 112.2 112.4 Feed grains .............: 2.086 2.026 72.3 67.0 68.3 Complete feeds ..........: 7.149 6.941 127.7 126.4 126.0 Hay and forages .........: 1.824 1.771 105.1 98.9 97.7 Concentrates ............: 2.305 2.238 114.9 111.6 113.2 Supplements .............: 1.226 1.190 129.0 127.9 128.2 Livestock and poultry .....: 9.438 10.997 199.6 252.5 256.7 Feeder cattle ...........: 7.352 8.567 210.2 275.2 279.6 Feeder pigs .............: 0.755 0.880 150.7 142.9 152.9 Milk cow replacements ...: 0.765 0.891 183.1 219.0 219.0 Poultry .................: 0.566 0.660 149.6 149.6 149.6 : Seeds .....................: 4.766 4.983 133.8 133.8 133.8 Field crops .............: 4.318 4.515 132.4 132.4 132.4 Grasses and legumes .....: 0.448 0.468 147.4 147.4 147.4 Fertilizer ................: 8.927 6.421 103.6 115.1 116.7 Mixed fertilizer ........: 3.928 2.825 103.4 107.3 107.6 Nitrogen ................: 3.749 2.697 104.9 121.5 124.7 Potash and phosphate ....: 1.250 0.899 100.6 120.4 121.3 Chemicals .................: 4.695 4.074 117.4 116.4 116.3 Herbicides ..............: 2.958 2.567 123.6 122.5 122.4 Insecticides ............: 1.080 0.937 113.7 112.7 112.6 Fungicides and other ....: 0.657 0.570 95.6 94.8 94.7 : Fuels .....................: 3.668 3.099 84.1 85.6 82.6 Diesel ..................: 2.283 1.929 81.1 88.7 83.9 Gasoline ................: 0.768 0.649 83.8 84.9 80.7 LP gas ..................: 0.617 0.521 95.7 74.8 79.9 Supplies and repairs ......: 4.176 4.318 146.3 150.5 150.7 Supplies ................: 1.399 1.447 144.2 150.6 151.1 Repairs .................: 2.777 2.871 147.3 150.4 150.5 Autos and trucks ..........: 1.074 1.091 128.3 129.0 128.6 Autos ...................: 0.140 0.142 121.1 122.1 121.7 Trucks ..................: 0.934 0.949 129.4 130.1 129.7 : Machinery .................: 4.501 4.884 170.9 171.9 172.2 Tractors ................: 0.990 1.075 140.3 140.4 140.7 Self-propelled ..........: 1.800 1.954 162.2 162.4 162.5 Other machinery .........: 1.710 1.856 197.7 200.2 200.7 Building materials ........: 3.485 3.531 166.9 171.8 172.1 Services ..................: 10.726 11.304 147.9 157.4 157.5 Custom rates ............: 1.105 1.164 143.5 154.9 154.9 Other services ..........: 9.621 10.140 148.4 157.7 157.8 Rent ......................: 5.990 6.161 137.6 141.7 141.7 Cash ....................: 3.217 3.308 140.3 143.3 143.3 Share ...................: 2.773 2.852 134.4 139.8 139.8 : Interest ....................: 2.032 2.370 158.0 149.6 149.6 Taxes .......................: 2.923 3.092 161.6 169.6 169.6 Wage rates ..................: 6.436 6.848 170.8 174.4 174.4 Family living-CPI ...........: 12.574 12.663 140.3 144.1 144.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Feed price ratio 1/ :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler-feed: pounds of broiler grower feed equal : in value to 1 pound of broiler, live weight 2/ ......: 6.8 5.1 5.5 : Market egg feed: pounds of laying feed equal in : value to 1 dozen eggs 3/ ............................: 47.3 21.7 15.2 : Hog-corn: bushels of corn equal in value to : 100 pounds of hog, live weight ......................: 14.7 16.4 15.2 : Milk-feed: pounds of 16% mixed dairy feed equal : in value to 1 pound of whole milk 4/ ................: 2.73 2.38 2.26 : Steer & heifer-corn: bushels of corn equal : in value to 100 pounds of steer & heifers, : live weight .......................................: 45.6 57.3 54.6 : Turkey-feed: pounds of turkey grower equal in : value to 1 pound of turkey, live weight 5/ ..........: 5.0 11.5 11.8 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Effective January 1995, prices of commercial prepared feeds are based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, alfalfa hay, and all wheat. 2/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Broilers, live ................pound: 0.760 0.588 0.638 Eggs, market ..................dozen: 4.61 2.11 1.49 : Hogs, all .......................cwt: 62.30 65.10 62.30 Milk, all .......................cwt: 23.30 19.70 19.00 : Steers and heifers ..............cwt: 193.00 228.00 224.00 Turkeys, live .................pound: 0.516 1.179 1.214 : Corn .........................bushel: 4.23 3.98 4.10 Hay, alfalfa ....................ton: 164.00 159.00 161.00 : Soybeans .....................bushel: 9.79 10.50 10.40 Wheat, all ...................bushel: 5.49 4.88 4.95 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: December 2025 with Comparisons [Price data source is United States Department of Agriculture's Agriculture Marketing Service] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item :December 2024 :November 2025 :December 2025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars : Feeder cattle & calves ..........cwt: 288.00 377.00 383.00 Feeder pigs .....................cwt: 211.00 200.00 214.00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual Average Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock - United States: 2020-2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : 2020 : 2021 : 2022 : 2023 : 2024 : 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : dollars : Feeders and stockers : Cattle and calves .......cwt:138.00 147.00 168.00 223.00 264.00 346.00 Feeder pigs .............cwt: 92.10 185.00 194.00 128.00 160.00 215.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Grazing Fee Rates for Cattle - States, Regions, and United States: 2024 and 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Survey average rates 1/ :----------------------------------------------------------------- State : Animal unit 2/ : Cow-calf : Per head :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 : 2024 : 2025 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : dollars per month : Arizona .........: (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) (S) California ......: 26.50 26.00 30.00 (S) 28.00 26.00 Colorado ........: 22.00 23.50 25.50 28.00 23.00 25.00 Idaho ...........: 20.00 20.50 24.00 23.00 20.00 22.00 Kansas ..........: 30.00 27.00 35.00 33.00 29.50 30.00 Montana .........: 29.00 29.50 31.50 32.50 28.00 29.00 Nebraska ........: 47.00 47.50 55.50 56.00 45.00 46.50 Nevada ..........: 14.00 (S) (S) (S) 22.00 (S) New Mexico ......: 17.50 (S) (S) (S) 18.00 19.00 North Dakota ....: 23.00 25.00 27.50 (S) 24.50 (S) : Oklahoma ........: 10.50 11.00 14.00 (S) 13.00 14.00 Oregon ..........: 19.50 20.00 23.00 (S) 22.50 (S) South Dakota ....: 35.50 36.50 42.00 44.00 40.00 42.00 Texas ...........: 14.50 (S) (S) (S) 14.00 17.00 Utah ............: 20.50 21.00 23.00 (S) 21.00 22.00 Washington ......: 16.00 17.00 19.00 (S) 18.00 19.00 Wyoming .........: 26.00 27.00 27.00 27.50 26.50 26.50 : 17-State 3/ .....: 23.40 23.70 27.30 27.70 24.20 25.50 16-State 4/ .....: 26.30 26.40 30.60 30.80 27.40 28.30 11-State 5/ .....: 22.80 23.40 25.50 26.30 23.90 24.30 9-State 6/ ......: 23.50 23.80 27.70 28.00 24.10 25.80 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1/ The average rates are estimates based on survey indications of monthly lease rates for private, non-irrigated grazing land from the January Cattle Survey. 2/ Animal unit (AUM) rate includes survey rates for both animal unit and cow-calf. The rate is converted to an AUM rate using a multiplier factor of 0.833. The multiplier factor is the conversion of a 1,200 pound cow to a 1,000 pound cow. 3/ 17 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 4/ 16 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 5/ 11 Western States: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. 6/ 9 Great Plains States: Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 113.9 115.2 116.5 117.5 118.4 119.7 120.9 121.4 121.8 123.1 124.2 125.6 119.9 2022 ..: 131.3 133.4 135.3 137.9 138.2 138.6 139.0 139.6 139.1 138.9 139.2 138.7 137.4 2023 ..: 141.9 141.9 141.9 141.3 140.5 140.1 140.2 140.4 140.3 140.5 139.9 139.3 140.7 2024 ..: 139.2 139.9 140.7 140.3 140.3 140.0 139.7 138.3 138.0 139.7 140.2 141.5 139.8 2025 ..: 147.0 147.5 147.9 148.7 149.5 149.9 150.8 152.0 152.9 154.5 153.0 153.5 150.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 113.5 114.9 116.3 117.2 118.2 119.5 120.8 121.4 121.7 123.1 124.3 125.9 119.7 2022 ..: 132.4 134.6 136.6 139.5 139.5 139.8 140.2 140.9 140.3 140.0 140.3 139.9 138.7 2023 ..: 143.3 143.2 143.1 142.3 141.3 140.7 140.9 141.0 140.9 141.1 140.4 139.7 141.5 2024 ..: 139.5 140.2 140.9 140.4 140.4 140.0 139.7 138.1 137.7 139.6 140.2 141.7 139.9 2025 ..: 147.9 148.3 148.7 149.6 150.5 150.9 151.8 153.1 154.1 156.0 154.3 154.9 151.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 109.6 111.3 112.9 114.2 115.3 116.9 117.9 118.5 119.0 120.6 122.0 123.9 116.8 2022 ..: 129.1 131.7 134.1 137.9 137.9 138.2 138.3 139.2 138.5 138.0 138.3 137.9 136.6 2023 ..: 140.5 140.3 140.2 139.7 138.6 137.9 137.6 137.7 137.6 137.6 136.9 136.1 138.4 2024 ..: 135.2 136.0 136.9 136.6 136.7 136.2 135.9 134.0 133.5 135.7 136.4 138.0 135.9 2025 ..: 144.3 144.8 145.3 146.5 147.6 148.0 149.1 150.6 151.8 153.9 152.0 152.7 148.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 111.2 115.6 117.9 119.5 125.2 125.8 125.5 125.4 123.1 122.4 123.6 125.8 121.8 2022 ..: 125.2 129.1 135.0 139.4 141.3 140.6 141.3 142.9 143.7 140.9 140.5 140.2 138.3 2023 ..: 142.1 142.9 141.7 141.1 139.0 136.1 134.2 131.2 128.2 125.3 125.1 124.5 134.3 2024 ..: 123.2 119.5 117.5 116.2 119.4 118.2 117.2 114.7 114.2 114.8 114.3 115.0 117.0 2025 ..: 115.3 116.8 115.9 116.1 116.9 115.4 113.7 112.5 113.1 111.7 112.2 112.4 114.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock & poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 103.7 106.0 107.6 110.4 104.2 105.5 108.7 110.3 110.1 112.9 112.7 117.1 109.1 2022 ..: 120.9 125.8 122.7 122.4 117.4 118.2 121.6 125.3 124.2 123.9 126.7 129.6 123.2 2023 ..: 134.5 137.4 143.0 146.4 146.7 152.9 157.3 159.8 163.1 166.2 162.8 156.9 152.3 2024 ..: 166.3 177.5 185.8 184.7 181.5 180.9 179.4 171.1 169.5 183.9 191.2 199.6 181.0 2025 ..: 208.2 208.8 212.8 220.0 224.3 227.4 235.6 246.8 252.9 268.3 252.5 256.7 234.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 117.3 2022 ..: 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 131.7 2023 ..: 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 138.7 2024 ..: 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 2025 ..: 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 133.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 71.8 75.1 77.6 80.5 83.8 89.3 92.6 93.3 95.7 102.4 109.8 119.1 90.9 2022 ..: 139.8 144.2 150.6 158.0 157.6 152.0 141.9 145.2 144.3 147.7 149.8 145.5 148.1 2023 ..: 135.0 126.9 120.5 115.9 111.4 104.4 99.5 99.5 98.9 102.8 104.1 107.1 110.5 2024 ..: 102.6 100.4 102.6 103.2 102.5 100.7 100.0 99.0 98.9 100.2 100.1 103.6 101.2 2025 ..: 103.2 103.9 106.3 107.1 109.6 109.2 109.3 110.6 111.9 113.0 115.1 116.7 109.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Chemicals :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 98.2 94.7 98.2 99.5 98.6 102.7 101.1 103.1 105.4 110.3 110.3 110.3 102.7 2022 ..: 131.3 131.3 131.3 170.1 166.8 171.4 172.8 173.4 164.5 151.8 156.0 152.6 156.1 2023 ..: 149.7 151.7 153.3 145.1 141.4 135.9 134.0 132.4 126.4 126.5 125.6 126.3 137.4 2024 ..: 116.4 116.4 116.5 116.6 116.7 117.4 117.4 117.4 117.4 117.4 117.4 117.4 117.0 2025 ..: 117.4 117.4 116.9 116.7 115.7 116.7 116.7 116.7 116.6 116.4 116.4 116.3 116.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fuels :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 62.5 66.3 72.4 71.0 72.7 76.3 79.2 79.8 82.9 89.0 88.3 83.5 77.0 2022 ..: 91.0 98.3 120.2 117.3 124.0 129.1 122.1 111.4 107.9 109.3 109.1 96.2 111.3 2023 ..: 102.9 100.6 97.1 96.9 90.9 87.5 89.9 99.4 103.3 100.1 94.0 89.9 96.0 2024 ..: 90.7 95.9 94.6 95.4 90.6 89.6 91.8 88.8 83.7 86.1 85.4 84.1 89.7 2025 ..: 89.1 90.5 87.9 87.6 84.4 86.0 87.6 86.2 86.9 84.3 85.6 82.6 86.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies & repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 118.1 118.6 119.2 120.4 122.3 125.1 126.7 127.4 127.9 129.0 131.8 132.1 124.9 2022 ..: 133.8 135.1 135.8 138.8 139.1 139.3 140.5 140.9 141.0 141.8 141.4 141.3 139.1 2023 ..: 142.2 143.0 143.4 144.2 144.6 144.2 144.7 144.8 144.7 145.1 145.4 145.1 144.3 2024 ..: 145.6 145.3 145.2 145.6 145.9 145.7 145.9 145.3 145.5 146.0 145.9 146.3 145.7 2025 ..: 146.7 146.8 146.7 147.9 148.6 148.6 149.6 149.8 150.1 150.4 150.5 150.7 148.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos & trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 107.8 107.9 107.8 108.4 110.0 111.9 113.6 114.6 115.8 117.6 118.9 120.2 112.9 2022 ..: 120.9 121.2 121.3 122.4 123.6 124.5 125.4 126.0 126.5 127.2 127.4 127.5 124.5 2023 ..: 128.1 128.5 128.9 129.2 129.6 129.8 129.8 129.9 129.9 129.7 129.1 128.8 129.3 2024 ..: 129.0 129.0 128.8 128.8 128.6 128.6 128.5 128.3 128.2 128.0 128.2 128.3 128.5 2025 ..: 128.6 128.7 128.8 129.2 129.2 129.0 129.0 129.1 129.2 129.2 129.0 128.6 129.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 135.7 136.6 138.1 139.4 140.5 142.1 144.4 146.4 151.0 154.9 157.9 160.0 145.6 2022 ..: 142.8 147.3 147.3 150.3 149.8 152.3 153.7 154.7 155.1 159.8 159.2 158.8 152.6 2023 ..: 162.7 161.1 161.3 161.7 162.1 162.6 162.8 163.4 164.4 165.0 164.0 164.0 162.9 2024 ..: 168.8 168.8 169.7 170.0 169.4 169.5 169.5 169.7 170.8 170.8 170.7 170.9 169.9 2025 ..: 170.9 170.7 170.8 170.9 170.8 170.9 171.0 171.0 171.7 171.9 171.9 172.2 171.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Building materials :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 126.5 128.7 131.8 135.4 140.2 143.8 144.1 144.0 144.5 146.3 148.9 151.8 140.5 2022 ..: 157.1 160.0 163.2 163.9 165.3 164.9 165.3 166.0 165.2 164.6 163.9 163.3 163.6 2023 ..: 164.3 164.3 165.0 165.1 164.7 164.6 165.1 165.3 165.6 165.2 165.2 165.3 165.0 2024 ..: 166.6 167.2 166.7 167.0 167.0 166.7 166.3 166.8 166.7 166.8 166.9 166.9 166.8 2025 ..: 168.1 168.5 169.7 169.7 170.4 170.8 170.8 171.3 171.2 171.4 171.8 172.1 170.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Services 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 118.0 118.6 118.8 119.7 120.2 120.4 120.7 121.5 122.1 122.1 122.9 123.7 120.7 2022 ..: 130.6 131.4 132.5 133.7 134.9 136.1 137.9 138.4 138.0 138.4 137.1 138.6 135.6 2023 ..: 142.8 143.4 143.0 142.3 142.5 143.2 142.6 142.5 143.3 143.1 143.2 142.8 142.9 2024 ..: 146.6 147.0 147.0 147.1 148.0 148.4 148.8 147.9 148.2 147.6 147.2 147.9 147.6 2025 ..: 154.2 154.4 153.9 153.8 155.1 156.2 156.8 156.8 156.6 157.5 157.4 157.5 155.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Rent 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 122.1 2022 ..: 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 124.0 2023 ..: 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 132.6 2024 ..: 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 137.6 2025 ..: 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 141.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Ratio (paid/received) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 78 83 84 89 90 89 88 91 89 87 88 90 87 2022 ..: 85 90 94 97 98 97 96 94 94 92 96 99 94 2023 ..: 87 89 90 93 90 91 89 90 87 81 81 81 87 2024 ..: 81 86 87 88 89 91 88 93 88 81 86 89 87 2025 ..: 88 99 97 93 93 93 91 91 86 78 82 79 89 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Interest :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.6 2022 ..: 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 131.6 2023 ..: 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 153.5 2024 ..: 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 158.0 2025 ..: 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Taxes :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 132.5 2022 ..: 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 146.2 2023 ..: 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 152.7 2024 ..: 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 161.6 2025 ..: 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Wage rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 144.9 144.9 144.9 142.7 142.7 142.7 148.3 148.3 148.3 148.3 148.3 148.3 146.1 2022 ..: 157.6 157.6 157.6 153.9 153.9 153.9 157.6 157.6 157.6 158.4 158.4 158.4 156.9 2023 ..: 165.8 165.8 165.8 161.6 161.6 161.6 166.3 166.3 166.3 168.1 168.1 168.1 165.5 2024 ..: 174.2 174.2 174.2 169.6 169.6 169.6 169.3 169.3 169.3 170.8 170.8 170.8 171.0 2025 ..: 176.9 176.9 176.9 174.4 174.4 174.4 174.4 174.4 174.4 174.4 174.4 174.4 175.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Family living :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 116.3 116.9 117.8 118.7 119.7 120.8 121.4 121.6 122.0 123.0 123.6 124.0 120.5 2022 ..: 125.0 126.2 127.8 128.6 130.0 131.8 131.7 131.7 132.0 132.5 132.4 132.0 130.1 2023 ..: 133.0 133.8 134.2 134.9 135.2 135.7 135.9 136.5 136.9 136.8 136.5 136.4 135.5 2024 ..: 137.1 138.0 138.9 139.4 139.6 139.7 139.9 140.0 140.2 140.4 140.3 140.3 139.5 2025 ..: 141.3 141.9 142.2 142.6 142.9 143.4 143.6 144.1 144.4 144.8 144.1 144.1 143.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production items with farm origin 3/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 109.7 112.7 114.3 116.0 116.8 117.5 118.4 118.9 117.7 118.3 118.8 121.3 116.7 2022 ..: 124.9 128.4 130.2 132.3 131.5 131.4 132.9 134.9 134.9 133.5 134.2 135.1 132.0 2023 ..: 139.0 140.3 141.6 142.5 141.5 142.1 142.6 141.9 141.6 141.2 139.9 137.6 141.0 2024 ..: 139.1 140.9 142.6 141.5 142.2 141.3 140.3 136.4 135.6 140.6 142.7 145.9 140.8 2025 ..: 152.3 153.2 154.2 156.9 158.9 159.3 161.5 165.0 167.5 172.5 167.0 168.6 161.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Production items with non-farm origin 4/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 109.5 110.4 111.9 113.1 114.4 116.5 117.5 118.3 119.7 122.1 124.0 125.5 116.9 2022 ..: 131.7 133.8 136.6 141.5 142.0 142.6 141.8 141.9 140.8 140.9 141.0 139.7 139.5 2023 ..: 141.5 140.3 139.3 137.9 136.7 135.1 134.4 134.9 134.9 135.3 135.0 135.1 136.7 2024 ..: 132.9 133.0 133.4 133.7 133.3 133.0 133.2 132.5 132.3 132.6 132.5 133.2 133.0 2025 ..: 138.9 139.2 139.3 139.5 139.9 140.4 140.8 141.0 141.2 141.5 141.9 142.0 140.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Crop sector (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 114.5 115.1 116.2 116.8 117.6 119.1 120.4 120.9 121.8 123.5 124.7 125.8 119.7 2022 ..: 133.8 135.2 137.1 140.4 140.7 141.2 141.0 141.2 140.4 140.4 140.6 139.7 139.3 2023 ..: 142.8 142.1 141.5 140.1 139.2 138.1 138.0 138.4 138.3 138.8 138.6 138.7 139.6 2024 ..: 137.0 137.2 137.6 137.5 137.3 137.1 137.1 136.6 136.5 137.0 136.9 137.6 137.1 2025 ..: 142.7 142.9 143.1 143.1 143.5 143.9 144.1 144.4 144.7 145.1 145.1 145.3 144.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock sector (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2021 ..: 113.3 115.3 116.8 118.1 119.1 120.2 121.4 121.9 121.7 122.8 123.6 125.4 120.0 2022 ..: 128.7 131.5 133.6 135.4 135.5 136.0 136.9 138.0 137.8 137.4 137.6 137.8 135.5 2023 ..: 141.0 141.7 142.4 142.6 141.8 142.0 142.5 142.4 142.4 142.2 141.3 139.9 141.9 2024 ..: 141.6 142.8 143.9 143.3 143.6 143.1 142.6 140.2 139.6 142.7 143.8 145.8 142.8 2025 ..: 151.5 152.2 152.9 154.5 155.8 156.3 157.7 159.8 161.3 164.4 161.1 162.1 157.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures 2/ For the 2011=100 base period, the Services & Rent Index is separated. 3/ Feed, livestock & poultry purchases, and seed. 4/ Fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuels, supplies & repairs, autos & trucks, machinery, building materials, and services & rent. Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed grains :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 73.9 83.1 84.8 91.6 100.4 101.1 101.6 103.8 91.7 85.8 90.0 94.0 91.8 2022 ..: 96.0 104.4 111.7 119.9 122.5 121.7 118.2 120.1 118.6 111.0 111.1 111.9 113.9 2023 ..: 111.9 114.9 112.7 113.1 110.4 109.3 103.3 96.1 89.3 85.3 81.6 82.5 100.9 2024 ..: 82.3 76.5 76.9 77.3 78.7 78.3 73.8 68.2 69.3 69.0 70.3 72.3 74.4 2025 ..: 73.3 77.8 77.2 77.9 78.3 75.4 72.4 67.2 67.5 66.1 67.0 68.3 72.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Complete feeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 118.6 123.1 126.2 127.1 131.8 133.7 133.0 131.5 130.9 130.0 131.4 133.7 129.3 2022 ..: 129.3 132.8 139.4 143.2 144.8 143.9 144.0 145.0 145.6 142.8 142.3 141.6 141.2 2023 ..: 144.2 145.0 143.6 142.2 139.4 136.5 135.5 132.9 131.3 128.6 129.1 128.5 136.4 2024 ..: 130.2 126.5 124.0 123.1 126.4 125.9 126.7 125.4 125.4 126.8 126.2 127.7 126.2 2025 ..: 128.8 130.9 129.3 129.0 129.1 128.7 127.8 127.4 127.6 125.6 126.4 126.0 128.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Hay & forages :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 101.7 104.7 107.8 109.6 119.6 119.6 121.5 124.5 125.0 126.7 124.6 126.0 117.6 2022 ..: 124.7 127.1 129.9 139.1 146.5 145.4 152.0 156.7 156.2 157.5 152.9 152.0 145.0 2023 ..: 149.6 149.0 150.3 156.1 155.2 149.9 142.3 136.7 132.7 132.2 129.3 128.2 142.6 2024 ..: 126.8 125.8 122.1 118.6 125.2 119.2 113.7 109.6 107.6 108.2 105.8 105.1 115.6 2025 ..: 102.8 103.0 105.2 108.2 113.3 107.5 107.0 102.6 104.4 104.0 98.9 97.7 104.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Concentrates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 128.6 130.2 129.5 129.2 130.4 128.1 125.7 124.8 123.3 122.2 122.4 123.3 126.5 2022 ..: 133.9 135.5 140.1 142.0 139.0 138.4 140.8 144.9 146.5 139.1 141.1 140.9 140.2 2023 ..: 142.9 146.2 145.5 141.9 140.0 136.6 140.3 141.0 137.6 133.9 138.9 138.7 140.3 2024 ..: 127.0 124.3 122.7 120.5 123.3 122.9 123.4 121.4 120.0 118.7 116.7 114.9 121.3 2025 ..: 113.7 112.2 111.5 110.9 110.8 109.9 105.4 105.9 107.5 107.6 111.6 113.2 110.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplements :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 112.5 116.0 119.2 118.9 127.9 127.1 128.3 129.1 128.3 134.7 135.8 137.8 126.3 2022 ..: 135.9 140.4 146.6 146.5 149.6 150.5 149.5 144.7 150.9 159.5 160.2 161.6 149.7 2023 ..: 168.3 162.7 160.0 158.6 159.0 157.6 155.7 154.2 152.3 148.3 143.1 139.8 155.0 2024 ..: 139.2 133.7 132.0 130.0 132.1 130.5 128.6 126.4 124.7 125.0 127.9 129.0 129.9 2025 ..: 130.0 129.6 127.7 127.7 128.6 128.0 127.0 129.2 128.9 127.6 127.9 128.2 128.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feeder Cattle :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 101.8 102.8 102.5 104.8 99.8 103.6 109.0 111.1 109.5 113.1 113.3 117.6 107.4 2022 ..: 119.2 121.2 116.6 116.7 115.8 118.6 121.9 126.9 127.0 127.7 129.9 131.4 122.7 2023 ..: 133.6 138.0 145.1 153.8 157.5 166.7 172.3 176.7 179.6 182.5 178.1 169.4 162.8 2024 ..: 179.6 189.8 196.4 192.7 193.4 194.9 193.4 182.1 178.8 194.9 202.2 210.2 192.4 2025 ..: 217.5 216.8 223.4 234.3 240.9 243.8 254.0 270.1 277.4 295.6 275.2 279.6 252.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feeder pigs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 120.0 138.6 161.4 173.6 145.0 124.3 110.0 110.0 123.6 126.4 121.4 135.0 132.4 2022 ..: 161.4 202.9 208.6 191.4 137.1 120.0 120.0 117.9 102.9 90.0 104.3 125.7 140.2 2023 ..: 157.9 150.7 152.1 110.0 77.1 65.0 62.9 51.4 65.0 68.6 68.6 80.7 92.5 2024 ..: 82.9 124.3 163.6 168.6 122.1 100.0 78.6 85.7 96.4 103.6 123.6 150.7 116.7 2025 ..: 182.1 197.1 182.9 151.4 141.4 152.1 145.0 128.6 132.9 140.7 142.9 152.9 154.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Milk cow replacements :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 95.8 95.8 95.8 96.5 96.5 96.5 97.2 97.2 97.2 94.4 94.4 94.4 96.0 2022 ..: 97.2 97.2 97.2 110.6 110.6 110.6 120.4 120.4 120.4 121.8 121.8 121.8 112.5 2023 ..: 121.1 121.1 121.1 121.1 121.1 121.1 123.9 123.9 123.9 130.3 130.3 130.3 124.1 2024 ..: 133.1 133.1 133.1 149.3 149.3 149.3 166.2 166.2 166.2 183.1 183.1 183.1 157.9 2025 ..: 187.3 187.3 187.3 202.1 202.1 202.1 212.0 212.0 212.0 219.0 219.0 219.0 205.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 117.7 2022 ..: 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 121.2 2023 ..: 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 133.5 2024 ..: 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 2025 ..: 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 149.6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Field crop seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 115.8 2022 ..: 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 128.7 2023 ..: 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 136.9 2024 ..: 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 2025 ..: 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 132.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Grass & legume seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 132.0 2022 ..: 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 159.7 2023 ..: 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 156.4 2024 ..: 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 2025 ..: 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 147.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Mixed fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 80.5 82.8 84.5 85.9 88.1 90.6 94.4 97.0 99.3 100.3 103.6 106.8 92.8 2022 ..: 122.2 123.7 124.0 126.0 126.6 127.6 126.7 136.7 136.3 136.4 136.6 137.1 130.0 2023 ..: 115.6 113.6 112.3 110.1 109.3 108.3 105.6 104.8 103.6 103.6 103.6 103.6 107.8 2024 ..: 102.3 102.7 103.3 103.9 105.1 104.6 104.8 104.2 103.7 103.2 103.0 103.4 103.7 2025 ..: 104.4 105.0 105.5 106.3 106.5 106.3 106.3 107.0 107.6 107.5 107.3 107.6 106.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Nitrogen :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 66.8 70.9 72.8 76.9 79.9 89.2 91.5 89.9 92.0 106.1 118.6 136.0 90.9 2022 ..: 157.2 166.1 175.9 190.4 188.8 178.3 158.2 155.5 153.7 161.8 166.4 160.9 167.8 2023 ..: 161.8 145.0 131.5 122.6 113.6 98.6 97.9 96.5 95.8 103.4 106.1 112.3 115.4 2024 ..: 104.2 97.9 101.6 102.7 101.4 97.4 96.4 94.7 94.1 97.5 96.9 104.9 99.1 2025 ..: 102.5 103.3 107.4 108.1 113.4 110.7 109.7 110.5 112.7 115.7 121.5 124.7 111.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Potash & phosphate :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 59.1 63.3 70.6 74.4 82.4 85.6 90.0 91.7 95.2 98.0 103.3 107.0 85.1 2022 ..: 142.9 142.9 158.5 161.1 161.1 150.0 141.0 141.0 141.2 141.1 141.0 125.9 145.6 2023 ..: 115.7 114.3 113.5 114.1 111.7 109.8 85.4 92.0 93.2 98.4 100.0 102.1 104.2 2024 ..: 98.4 101.1 103.3 102.4 97.6 98.3 95.6 95.7 98.5 99.2 100.7 100.6 99.3 2025 ..: 101.3 102.5 105.3 106.7 107.9 114.0 117.3 122.1 123.4 122.1 120.4 121.3 113.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Herbicides :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 100.7 97.1 100.6 101.9 101.1 105.2 103.6 105.7 108.1 113.0 113.0 113.0 105.3 2022 ..: 149.6 149.6 149.6 193.8 190.1 195.3 196.9 197.6 187.4 172.9 177.8 173.9 177.9 2023 ..: 164.2 166.4 168.1 159.1 155.1 149.1 147.0 145.2 138.7 138.7 137.8 138.5 150.7 2024 ..: 122.6 122.5 122.6 122.8 122.9 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.6 123.2 2025 ..: 123.6 123.6 123.0 122.8 121.8 122.9 122.9 122.9 122.7 122.5 122.5 122.4 122.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Insecticides :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 94.4 91.0 94.3 95.6 94.7 98.7 97.1 99.1 101.3 105.9 105.9 105.9 98.7 2022 ..: 101.4 101.4 101.4 131.3 128.8 132.3 133.4 133.9 127.0 117.2 120.4 117.8 120.5 2023 ..: 124.9 126.5 127.9 121.0 118.0 113.4 111.8 110.5 105.5 105.5 104.8 105.3 114.6 2024 ..: 112.7 112.7 112.8 112.9 113.1 113.7 113.7 113.7 113.7 113.7 113.7 113.7 113.3 2025 ..: 113.7 113.7 113.2 113.0 112.0 113.0 113.0 113.0 112.9 112.7 112.7 112.6 113.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fungicides & other :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 93.6 90.2 93.5 94.8 94.0 97.8 96.3 98.2 100.4 105.1 105.1 105.1 97.8 2022 ..: 98.1 98.1 98.1 127.0 124.6 128.0 129.0 129.5 122.8 113.3 116.5 114.0 116.6 2023 ..: 125.4 127.0 128.4 121.5 118.4 113.8 112.2 110.9 105.9 105.9 105.2 105.7 115.0 2024 ..: 94.8 94.8 94.8 95.0 95.1 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.6 95.3 2025 ..: 95.6 95.6 95.2 95.0 94.2 95.0 95.1 95.1 94.9 94.8 94.8 94.7 95.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Diesel :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 59.9 63.6 70.4 69.9 71.9 73.4 74.6 74.9 75.6 80.7 83.3 81.4 73.3 2022 ..: 84.1 91.0 115.3 115.6 125.8 129.9 123.9 113.1 112.7 117.7 118.7 106.4 112.9 2023 ..: 106.2 102.4 97.7 95.1 90.9 88.2 90.1 101.4 105.9 104.6 98.7 92.2 97.8 2024 ..: 89.5 93.9 93.4 92.9 88.7 86.4 88.4 85.9 82.6 83.2 81.8 81.1 87.3 2025 ..: 84.4 85.3 83.2 82.8 81.2 83.5 87.7 86.9 87.0 85.4 88.7 83.9 85.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Gasoline :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 61.4 65.6 73.5 74.8 78.0 80.1 81.9 82.6 83.0 85.8 88.5 86.4 78.5 2022 ..: 87.7 92.7 111.0 108.2 116.9 129.3 119.9 105.1 98.1 101.1 97.6 85.4 104.4 2023 ..: 92.0 93.5 94.4 99.1 97.9 98.3 99.1 105.5 105.6 99.9 91.9 86.9 97.0 2024 ..: 85.4 88.9 94.6 99.7 99.5 95.5 96.1 93.6 89.1 87.1 84.8 83.8 91.5 2025 ..: 85.3 86.7 86.1 88.1 87.5 87.5 86.8 87.0 87.9 85.2 84.9 80.7 86.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : LP Gas :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 73.3 76.9 78.3 69.9 69.3 82.0 92.6 94.8 109.7 123.6 106.4 87.8 88.7 2022 ..: 120.8 132.3 149.7 134.6 126.1 126.0 118.0 112.7 102.4 88.8 88.1 71.5 114.3 2023 ..: 104.4 102.7 98.4 100.6 82.6 71.2 78.0 84.2 90.5 83.7 79.2 85.2 88.4 2024 ..: 101.7 112.5 99.4 99.1 86.4 94.4 98.7 93.5 81.2 95.9 99.4 95.7 96.5 2025 ..: 111.5 114.4 107.6 104.7 92.3 93.5 88.0 82.9 85.1 78.9 74.8 79.9 92.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 119.5 120.2 121.5 123.5 126.2 128.4 131.0 131.4 131.4 132.3 132.2 132.7 127.5 2022 ..: 135.3 137.6 139.7 142.4 142.6 143.2 143.9 144.0 144.3 144.9 143.6 143.6 142.1 2023 ..: 144.1 144.8 144.5 145.0 145.4 145.4 145.0 144.6 144.2 143.4 143.0 143.1 144.4 2024 ..: 143.2 142.5 142.2 142.1 142.6 142.8 142.5 142.6 142.5 143.1 143.2 144.2 142.8 2025 ..: 144.3 144.3 144.4 145.9 147.4 148.2 148.9 149.1 149.7 150.3 150.6 151.1 147.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 117.4 117.8 118.0 118.8 120.3 123.5 124.5 125.4 126.1 127.3 131.5 131.8 123.5 2022 ..: 133.0 133.9 133.9 136.9 137.3 137.3 138.9 139.3 139.4 140.2 140.3 140.1 137.5 2023 ..: 141.2 142.2 142.9 143.8 144.1 143.6 144.5 144.9 144.9 145.9 146.6 146.1 144.2 2024 ..: 146.8 146.8 146.8 147.4 147.5 147.2 147.7 146.6 147.1 147.5 147.3 147.3 147.2 2025 ..: 147.9 148.0 147.9 148.9 149.2 148.9 149.9 150.1 150.4 150.4 150.4 150.5 149.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 102.5 102.7 102.2 102.3 103.9 105.7 107.3 108.5 109.4 110.8 112.5 114.4 106.9 2022 ..: 114.7 115.1 115.2 116.8 118.2 118.9 119.9 120.4 121.0 121.4 121.3 121.5 118.7 2023 ..: 122.0 122.3 122.7 123.0 123.1 123.3 123.3 123.2 123.1 123.0 122.4 122.0 122.8 2024 ..: 122.4 122.2 121.7 121.4 121.5 121.4 121.2 121.0 120.8 120.7 121.0 121.1 121.4 2025 ..: 121.4 121.6 121.8 122.4 122.2 122.1 122.2 122.3 122.2 122.2 122.1 121.7 122.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 108.6 108.7 108.7 109.3 110.9 112.9 114.6 115.5 116.7 118.6 119.8 121.1 113.8 2022 ..: 121.8 122.1 122.2 123.3 124.4 125.4 126.2 126.9 127.4 128.1 128.3 128.4 125.4 2023 ..: 129.0 129.4 129.8 130.2 130.5 130.7 130.8 130.8 130.9 130.7 130.1 129.8 130.2 2024 ..: 130.0 130.0 129.8 129.9 129.6 129.7 129.6 129.4 129.3 129.1 129.3 129.4 129.6 2025 ..: 129.7 129.7 129.8 130.2 130.2 130.0 130.1 130.2 130.2 130.2 130.1 129.7 130.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Index Sub-Components as a Percent of 2011 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Tractors :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 114.6 115.4 116.8 117.2 118.9 120.0 122.2 123.9 127.7 131.1 132.5 135.3 123.0 2022 ..: 123.7 127.8 128.0 130.8 129.4 130.0 131.3 132.4 132.7 136.9 136.3 135.9 131.3 2023 ..: 138.7 137.3 137.6 137.6 137.7 138.5 138.7 138.8 138.8 139.3 138.5 138.5 138.3 2024 ..: 139.6 139.6 140.3 140.6 139.5 139.7 139.7 139.7 140.0 140.0 140.1 140.3 139.9 2025 ..: 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 139.3 139.4 139.5 139.5 140.2 140.2 140.4 140.7 140.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Self-propelled :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 143.3 143.2 143.5 143.6 143.6 144.0 145.5 145.5 149.0 153.1 155.0 156.3 147.1 2022 ..: 135.3 137.4 137.8 142.2 142.1 148.1 149.5 149.5 149.5 159.6 159.6 159.6 147.5 2023 ..: 147.6 147.6 147.6 147.3 147.6 147.8 148.3 149.4 151.9 153.0 151.1 151.1 149.2 2024 ..: 159.5 159.5 159.5 159.7 159.5 159.7 159.7 159.7 162.2 162.2 162.2 162.2 160.5 2025 ..: 162.2 162.2 162.2 162.2 162.0 162.2 162.2 162.2 162.4 162.4 162.4 162.5 162.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 139.9 141.8 144.8 147.9 149.7 152.9 156.1 160.3 166.5 170.6 175.6 178.2 157.0 2022 ..: 161.8 169.0 168.4 170.1 169.7 169.6 171.0 173.2 173.9 173.4 172.2 171.2 170.3 2023 ..: 192.4 189.0 189.4 190.9 191.5 192.0 192.0 192.4 192.4 192.5 192.4 192.4 191.6 2024 ..: 195.3 195.4 197.4 197.9 197.1 197.1 197.0 197.6 197.6 197.6 197.3 197.7 197.1 2025 ..: 197.6 197.2 197.3 197.7 198.3 198.3 198.4 198.4 199.8 200.2 200.2 200.7 198.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Custom rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 114.7 2022 ..: 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 126.0 2023 ..: 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 141.2 2024 ..: 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 143.5 2025 ..: 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 154.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Other services :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Average 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 118.4 119.0 119.3 120.3 120.8 121.1 121.4 122.3 122.9 122.9 123.9 124.7 121.4 2022 ..: 131.1 132.0 133.2 134.6 135.9 137.3 139.3 139.8 139.4 139.8 138.4 140.0 136.7 2023 ..: 143.0 143.6 143.2 142.4 142.7 143.4 142.8 142.7 143.5 143.3 143.4 143.0 143.1 2024 ..: 147.0 147.4 147.4 147.5 148.5 149.0 149.4 148.4 148.7 148.1 147.7 148.4 148.1 2025 ..: 154.1 154.3 153.8 153.7 155.1 156.4 157.0 157.0 156.7 157.8 157.7 157.8 156.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Cash rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 124.5 2022 ..: 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 126.1 2023 ..: 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 137.5 2024 ..: 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 140.3 2025 ..: 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 143.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Share rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 119.4 2022 ..: 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 121.5 2023 ..: 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 126.9 2024 ..: 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 134.4 2025 ..: 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 139.8 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures. Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PPITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 3081 3117 3151 3178 3203 3238 3271 3285 3294 3331 3360 3399 3242 2022 ..: 3554 3610 3663 3733 3739 3752 3761 3778 3766 3759 3766 3755 3720 2023 ..: 3841 3841 3840 3824 3802 3790 3795 3799 3798 3802 3786 3769 3807 2024 ..: 3767 3786 3807 3796 3797 3788 3781 3743 3734 3781 3795 3830 3784 2025 ..: 3979 3992 4003 4024 4047 4058 4081 4113 4138 4182 4140 4155 4076 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production, interest, taxes, and wage rates : (PITW) :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 3202 3242 3280 3307 3333 3371 3408 3424 3434 3474 3506 3551 3378 2022 ..: 3734 3796 3853 3935 3935 3943 3954 3975 3958 3948 3957 3945 3911 2023 ..: 4043 4039 4036 4014 3986 3969 3975 3977 3973 3979 3961 3941 3991 2024 ..: 3935 3954 3975 3960 3960 3949 3941 3894 3883 3938 3955 3996 3945 2025 ..: 4171 4183 4195 4219 4245 4256 4282 4319 4347 4399 4352 4369 4278 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Items used for production :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 2281 2315 2349 2377 2400 2433 2453 2467 2475 2510 2538 2578 2431 2022 ..: 2686 2740 2790 2869 2870 2876 2878 2896 2882 2871 2878 2868 2842 2023 ..: 2923 2920 2918 2907 2883 2869 2864 2865 2862 2864 2849 2831 2880 2024 ..: 2814 2830 2848 2843 2844 2834 2827 2788 2778 2822 2837 2872 2828 2025 ..: 3002 3013 3023 3048 3070 3080 3102 3134 3158 3203 3162 3176 3097 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Feed :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 1223 1272 1298 1315 1378 1385 1381 1380 1355 1347 1360 1384 1340 2022 ..: 1378 1420 1485 1534 1555 1547 1554 1572 1580 1550 1546 1543 1522 2023 ..: 1563 1572 1559 1552 1529 1497 1476 1443 1411 1379 1376 1369 1477 2024 ..: 1355 1315 1293 1278 1314 1300 1289 1262 1257 1263 1257 1266 1287 2025 ..: 1269 1285 1275 1277 1286 1270 1251 1237 1244 1229 1235 1236 1258 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Livestock & poultry :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 2046 2092 2123 2178 2056 2081 2144 2175 2172 2228 2223 2310 2152 2022 ..: 2385 2481 2420 2415 2317 2332 2399 2472 2450 2443 2499 2556 2431 2023 ..: 2654 2710 2821 2889 2893 3016 3103 3152 3218 3279 3212 3096 3003 2024 ..: 3280 3502 3665 3643 3581 3569 3539 3376 3343 3628 3772 3938 3570 2025 ..: 4107 4119 4198 4340 4425 4487 4648 4869 4988 5292 4982 5065 4627 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Seeds :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 3858 2022 ..: 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 4330 2023 ..: 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 4562 2024 ..: 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 2025 ..: 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 4401 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fertilizer :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 866 906 936 971 1011 1077 1117 1125 1154 1235 1324 1436 1096 2022 ..: 1686 1739 1816 1905 1900 1833 1711 1751 1740 1781 1806 1754 1785 2023 ..: 1628 1530 1453 1397 1343 1259 1200 1200 1192 1239 1255 1291 1332 2024 ..: 1237 1211 1237 1244 1236 1214 1206 1194 1192 1208 1207 1249 1220 2025 ..: 1244 1253 1282 1291 1322 1317 1318 1334 1349 1363 1388 1407 1322 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Chemicals :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 881 849 881 892 884 921 907 925 945 989 989 989 921 2022 ..: 1177 1177 1177 1525 1496 1537 1549 1555 1475 1361 1399 1368 1400 2023 ..: 1342 1360 1375 1301 1268 1219 1202 1187 1133 1134 1126 1132 1232 2024 ..: 1044 1044 1045 1045 1046 1053 1053 1053 1053 1053 1053 1053 1049 2025 ..: 1053 1053 1048 1046 1037 1046 1047 1047 1045 1043 1043 1043 1046 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Fuels :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 1747 1854 2024 1985 2033 2133 2214 2231 2318 2488 2469 2335 2153 2022 ..: 2545 2749 3361 3280 3468 3610 3414 3115 3017 3056 3051 2690 3113 2023 ..: 2878 2813 2715 2710 2542 2447 2514 2780 2889 2799 2629 2514 2686 2024 ..: 2536 2682 2645 2668 2534 2506 2567 2483 2341 2408 2388 2352 2509 2025 ..: 2492 2531 2458 2449 2360 2406 2449 2412 2429 2356 2393 2309 2420 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Supplies & repairs :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 1393 1399 1406 1421 1443 1476 1495 1503 1509 1522 1555 1559 1473 2022 ..: 1579 1594 1603 1638 1642 1644 1658 1663 1664 1673 1669 1668 1641 2023 ..: 1678 1688 1692 1702 1707 1702 1708 1709 1708 1712 1716 1712 1703 2024 ..: 1718 1715 1714 1719 1721 1720 1722 1714 1717 1723 1722 1726 1719 2025 ..: 1732 1732 1732 1746 1753 1754 1765 1768 1772 1775 1776 1779 1757 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Autos & trucks :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 3315 3318 3315 3334 3383 3441 3494 3524 3561 3617 3657 3696 3471 2022 ..: 3718 3727 3730 3764 3801 3828 3856 3874 3890 3911 3917 3920 3828 2023 ..: 3939 3951 3964 3973 3985 3991 3991 3994 3994 3988 3970 3960 3975 2024 ..: 3967 3967 3959 3960 3954 3955 3952 3945 3943 3936 3943 3945 3952 2025 ..: 3955 3957 3960 3973 3972 3965 3968 3971 3972 3972 3968 3956 3966 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Machinery :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 8289 8344 8435 8515 8582 8680 8820 8942 9223 9461 9645 9773 8892 2022 ..: 8722 8997 8997 9181 9150 9303 9388 9449 9474 9761 9724 9700 9321 2023 ..: 9938 9840 9852 9877 9901 9932 9944 9981 10042 10078 10017 10017 9952 2024 ..: 10311 10311 10365 10384 10347 10353 10353 10365 10433 10433 10427 10439 10377 2025 ..: 10436 10426 10430 10437 10434 10439 10442 10442 10490 10499 10502 10517 10458 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Building materials :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 2944 2995 3067 3151 3263 3346 3353 3351 3363 3405 3465 3533 3270 2022 ..: 3656 3724 3798 3815 3847 3838 3847 3863 3845 3831 3815 3801 3807 2023 ..: 3824 3824 3840 3843 3833 3831 3843 3847 3854 3845 3845 3847 3840 2024 ..: 3878 3892 3880 3888 3886 3879 3871 3883 3879 3883 3884 3884 3882 2025 ..: 3912 3921 3949 3949 3966 3975 3976 3988 3985 3989 4000 4006 3968 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Services & rent :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 2781 2789 2793 2806 2813 2817 2821 2833 2841 2841 2854 2865 2821 2022 ..: 2982 2993 3009 3027 3044 3063 3089 3095 3090 3095 3077 3098 3055 2023 ..: 3235 3243 3238 3228 3231 3241 3233 3231 3242 3239 3241 3235 3237 2024 ..: 3337 3343 3343 3344 3357 3364 3370 3357 3360 3352 3346 3356 3352 2025 ..: 3486 3488 3482 3480 3499 3516 3525 3525 3521 3535 3534 3536 3511 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Prices Paid Indexes as a Percent of 1910-1914 Base, Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2025 (continued) [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at www.nass.usda.gov] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Interest :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 3997 2022 ..: 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 4799 2023 ..: 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 5596 2024 ..: 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 5764 2025 ..: 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 5455 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Taxes :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 7863 2022 ..: 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 8676 2023 ..: 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 9060 2024 ..: 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 9587 2025 ..: 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 10066 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Wage rates :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 10378 10378 10378 10225 10225 10225 10622 10622 10622 10622 10622 10622 10462 2022 ..: 11285 11285 11285 11022 11022 11022 11285 11285 11285 11342 11342 11342 11233 2023 ..: 11874 11874 11874 11573 11573 11573 11912 11912 11912 12040 12040 12040 11850 2024 ..: 12475 12475 12475 12149 12149 12149 12130 12130 12130 12232 12232 12232 12246 2025 ..: 12674 12674 12674 12494 12494 12494 12494 12494 12494 12494 12494 12494 12539 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Family living :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 2486 2499 2518 2537 2558 2582 2595 2599 2608 2629 2642 2650 2575 2022 ..: 2671 2697 2731 2748 2778 2817 2815 2815 2821 2832 2830 2821 2781 2023 ..: 2842 2859 2868 2883 2889 2900 2904 2917 2926 2924 2917 2915 2895 2024 ..: 2931 2949 2968 2979 2984 2985 2989 2991 2996 3000 2998 2999 2981 2025 ..: 3019 3032 3039 3048 3055 3065 3070 3079 3086 3094 3080 3079 3062 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates : Adjusted for productivity :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 1799 1806 1813 1809 1815 1823 1857 1860 1862 1870 1876 1883 1839 2022 ..: 2025 2037 2049 2042 2046 2053 2073 2076 2075 2079 2080 2077 2059 2023 ..: 2060 2062 2063 2042 2039 2038 2062 2064 2065 2074 2071 2068 2059 2024 ..: 1990 1995 2000 1979 1980 1979 1977 1971 1971 1984 1986 1991 1984 2025 ..: 2135 2138 2141 2133 2137 2140 2144 2150 2154 2162 2154 2156 2145 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Parity ratio 2/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 30 31 32 34 34 34 34 34 34 33 33 34 33 2022 ..: 32 34 36 37 37 37 37 36 36 35 37 38 36 2023 ..: 33 34 34 35 34 35 34 34 33 31 31 31 33 2024 ..: 31 33 33 33 34 35 34 35 33 31 33 34 33 2025 ..: 34 38 37 35 36 35 35 35 33 30 31 30 34 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : Adjusted parity ratio (PPITW) 3/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January:February:March :April : May : June : July :August :September:October:November:December:Annual 1/ :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021 ..: 32 33 34 36 36 36 36 36 36 35 35 36 35 2022 ..: 33 35 37 38 38 38 38 37 37 36 38 39 37 2023 ..: 34 35 35 36 35 36 35 35 34 32 32 32 34 2024 ..: 32 34 34 34 35 36 35 36 34 32 34 35 34 2025 ..: 37 41 40 38 39 38 38 38 36 32 34 32 37 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1/ Weighted index using 5-year average production expenditures. 2/ Ratio of index of prices received to index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. 3/ Ratio of the index of prices received after adjustment for government payments to the index of prices paid for commodities, services, interest, taxes, and wage rates. Feed Ratios Monthly and Annual Average - United States: 2021-2026 [Annual average is a simple average of monthly ratios, January through December] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Broiler 1/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021: 3.5 3.1 3.0 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.3 5.1 3.8 2022: 5.3 4.5 5.0 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.2 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.9 2023: 4.1 3.9 4.4 4.8 5.0 4.8 4.0 3.8 4.4 4.5 4.7 5.1 4.5 2024: 5.3 5.6 5.8 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.4 6.5 6.7 6.7 6.8 6.1 2025: 6.8 6.1 6.4 6.6 6.5 6.7 6.6 6.0 5.8 5.4 5.1 5.5 6.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Market Egg 2/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021: 6.5 6.3 7.5 4.4 3.7 3.6 4.1 5.8 6.2 5.3 7.0 9.3 5.8 2022: 9.8 8.5 9.2 13.8 11.4 11.4 16.1 11.2 17.0 19.7 23.6 32.2 15.3 2023: 19.6 16.0 17.7 8.2 5.0 6.7 6.6 8.1 7.6 7.8 13.8 14.4 11.0 2024: 17.2 21.3 20.0 16.6 13.9 18.2 22.8 35.0 20.5 28.7 33.7 47.3 24.6 2025: 66.1 71.9 57.5 35.9 32.7 27.7 29.2 23.2 20.4 15.8 21.7 15.2 34.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Turkey 3/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021: 6.5 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.8 5.8 6.0 7.2 7.3 6.3 6.1 6.2 2022: 6.1 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.9 6.5 6.6 7.4 8.2 8.1 7.7 6.6 2023: 7.6 7.2 7.4 7.3 6.8 6.7 6.3 5.8 6.1 5.8 5.2 3.7 6.3 2024: 4.2 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.8 5.2 5.7 5.9 5.6 5.0 5.1 2025: 4.9 5.0 6.3 6.7 7.1 7.6 9.7 10.7 10.9 11.8 11.5 11.8 8.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Milk 4/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021: 2.00 1.80 1.76 1.75 1.65 1.56 1.52 1.48 1.66 1.84 1.92 1.96 1.74 2022: 2.13 2.04 2.02 1.95 1.91 1.87 1.77 1.69 1.71 1.90 1.92 1.83 1.89 2023: 1.71 1.57 1.55 1.47 1.41 1.35 1.37 1.66 1.88 2.01 2.10 1.97 1.67 2024: 1.96 2.11 2.15 2.13 2.24 2.37 2.50 2.79 3.01 2.97 2.89 2.73 2.49 2025: 2.82 2.68 2.45 2.27 2.24 2.34 2.36 2.51 2.41 2.40 2.38 2.26 2.43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hog-Corn 5/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021: 11.8 11.9 13.7 14.2 13.4 13.8 13.1 12.5 12.9 13.0 11.1 10.3 12.7 2022: 10.5 11.3 11.4 10.8 10.5 10.7 11.4 11.9 10.4 10.9 10.3 9.5 10.8 2023: 8.8 8.8 9.3 8.5 9.0 10.0 11.9 12.9 12.5 12.3 12.3 11.1 10.6 2024: 11.2 13.3 14.4 15.2 15.1 15.4 16.2 17.7 16.2 16.0 16.1 14.7 15.1 2025: 14.2 14.4 14.7 14.2 14.7 17.2 18.6 20.2 19.3 18.1 16.4 15.2 16.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Steer & Heifer-Corn 6/ :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Year :January :February :March :April : May :June :July :August :September :October :November :December : Average -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2021: 26.4 24.2 23.7 22.8 20.5 20.5 20.4 19.8 23.2 25.1 25.1 25.8 23.1 2022: 24.9 23.2 21.6 20.1 19.8 19.2 19.9 19.9 20.5 22.8 23.7 24.0 21.6 2023: 24.1 23.8 25.0 26.1 27.1 28.4 29.6 32.5 35.3 37.7 39.5 36.7 30.5 2024: 37.1 41.7 43.1 42.6 41.7 42.6 46.1 50.0 46.6 47.4 46.7 45.6 44.3 2025: 47.1 45.0 44.6 45.7 47.6 51.7 54.1 60.4 60.3 59.8 57.3 54.6 52.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ The price of commercial prepared broiler feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 58 percent corn and 42 percent soybeans. 2/ The price of commercial prepared layer feed is based on current United States prices received for corn and soybeans. The modeled feed ration uses 75 percent corn and 25 percent soybeans. 3/ The price of commercial prepared turkey feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 28 percent soybeans, and 21 percent wheat. 4/ The price of commercial prepared dairy feed is based on current United States prices received for corn, soybeans, and alfalfa. The modeled feed ration uses 51 percent corn, 8 percent soybeans, and 41 percent alfalfa. 5/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of all hogs, live weight. 6/ Number of bushels of corn equal in value to 100 pounds of steers & heifers, live weight. Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Definition: Prices paid by farmers represent the average costs of inputs purchased by farmers and ranchers to produce agricultural commodities. Conceptually, the average price when multiplied by quantity purchased should equal total producer expenditures for the item. Survey procedures: The prices paid data are obtained from establishments that sell goods and services to farmers and ranchers. Annually, about 8,500 firms are randomly selected from lists by type of item sold with an average response rate in the range of 75-80 percent. Firms are asked to report the price for the specified item "most commonly bought by farmers" or that was the "volume seller". Approximately 135 items are surveyed each March to represent all production input items purchased. The survey reference period for all items is the full preceding calendar year. Separate prices paid surveys are conducted for agricultural chemicals, fuels, feed, fertilizer, machinery, and seed. Summary and estimation procedures: The annual March Prices Paid Survey is summarized as a non-probability survey. Average prices reported are aggregated to the region and United States level using weights available from expenditure data and other administrative sources. Price recommendations are prepared by the Regional Field Offices and Headquarters for review by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. Also, the change in price level for individual items surveyed are combined to the regional and United States levels, and are published as prices paid indexes referenced to a specific base period. Prices paid indexes for new autos and trucks, building materials, farm supplies, motor supplies, and marketing containers are updated based on price changes measured in selected Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indexes. Revisions: Any revisions are published in the monthly and in annual issues of Agricultural Prices. The basis for revision must be supported by additional data that directly affect the level of the estimate. More revisions are likely for March when separate prices paid surveys are conducted, in lieu of BLS indexes, by the USDA to measure price change. Reliability: Current methods of summarization for the March data are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors for major items around 10 percent. Any non-sampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these non- sampling errors. Program Changes: See Price Program Links at the end of this report for details on program changes to the Prices Program methodology. Information Contacts General Bryan Combs, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.................................... (202) 720-5084 Crop Prices Received Anthony Prillaman, Acting Chief, Crops Branch............................................................ (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................................ (202) 720-2127 Fleming Gibson, Head, Fruits, Vegetables, and Special Crops Section...................................... (202) 236-2428 Joshua Bates - Asparagus, Hemp, Maple Syrup, Soybeans.................................................. (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings, Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Plums, Prunes.......................... (202) 690-1042 Michelle Harder - Hay, Kale, Peanuts, Raspberries...................................................... (202) 690-8533 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions Proso Millet, Rye, Tobacco........................................................................... (202) 720-4288 Bret Holliman - Apricots, Barley, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans, Tomatoes................................................................................. (202) 720-7235 James Johanson - Dry Edible Beans, Lettuce, Macadamias, Wheat (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Beets, Corn, Flaxseed, Pears, Rice, Sweet Corn.......................................... (202) 720-9526 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios......................................................... (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Squash, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Becky Sommer - Cabbage, Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum, Walnuts, Strawberries........................ (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Blueberries, Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Spinach, Sunflower................................................................................... (202) 720-7369 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Oats, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Watermelons................................. (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans................................................................................ (202) 720-4215 Livestock Prices Received Travis Averill, Chief, Livestock Branch.................................................................. (202) 692-0069 Ryan Cowen - Cattle and Cattle on Feed................................................................. (202) 720-3040 Kim DaPra - Milk, Milk Cows............................................................................ (202) 720-3278 Ralph Mondesir - Hogs and Pigs......................................................................... (202) 221-9297 Fatema Haque - Turkeys................................................................................. (202) 720-3244 Suzanne Richards - Honey............................................................................... (202) 720-4448 Autumn Stone - Eggs.................................................................................... (202) 690-3676 Takiyah Walker - Broilers.............................................................................. (202) 720-6147 Indexes, Prices Paid, and Parity Prices Bryan Combs, Chief, Environmental, Economics, and Demographics Branch.................................... (202) 720-5084 Julie Weber, Head, Economics Section..................................................................... (202) 720-7216 Yukun Fung - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes............................... (202) 720-6881 Scott Peterson - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes........................... (202) 690-0726 Max Reason - Prices Received Indexes, Parity Prices, Prices Paid Indexes, Prices Paid for Feed, Fertilizer, Chemicals, Seeds, Fuels, Farm Supplies and Repairs, Farm Machinery, Feeder Livestock, Poultry Chicks, Feed Price Ratios.................................................................... (202) 973-4588 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free subscription, visit www.nass.usda.gov and click on "National" in upper right corner above "search" box to create an account and select the reports you would like to receive. Economics, Statistics, and Market Information (ESMIS) - National Agricultural Library (NAL) website houses NASS's and other agency archived reports at https://esmis.nal.usda.gov. All email subscriptions containing reports will be sent from https://esmis.nal.usda.gov. To receive the reports via e-mail, you will have to go to the website, create a new account and subscribe to the reports. You should whitelist notifications@esmis.nal.usda.gov in your email client to avoid the emails going into spam/junk folders. For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@usda.gov. 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Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690- 7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. Price Program Links Economics and Prices http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Economics_and_Prices/index.php Agricultural Prices Program and Survey https://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Prices/