Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks ISSN: 2379-9862 Released December 10, 2025, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Highlights September 2025 contained 30 days. October 2025 contained 31 days. Soybeans crushed for crude oil was 7.11 million tons (237 million bushels) in October 2025, compared with 6.15 million tons (205 million bushels) in September 2025 and 6.47 million tons (216 million bushels) in October 2024. Crude oil produced was 2.83 billion pounds, up 18 percent from September 2025 and up 11 percent from October 2024. Soybean once refined oil production at 2.08 billion pounds during October 2025 increased 7 percent from September 2025 and increased 4 percent from October 2024. Canola seeds crushed for crude oil was 192,578 tons in October 2025, compared with 230,362 tons in September 2025 and 218,185 tons in October 2024. Canola crude oil produced was 152 million pounds, down 20 percent from September 2025 and down 11 percent from October 2024. Canola once refined oil production, at 157 million pounds during October 2025, was down 9 percent from September 2025 and down 14 percent from October 2024. Cottonseed once refined oil production, at 23.5 million pounds during October 2025, was up 50 percent from September 2025 but down 39 percent from October 2024. Edible tallow production was 87.1 million pounds during October 2025, up 1 percent from September 2025 and up 16 percent from October 2024. Inedible tallow production was 262 million pounds during October 2025, down 14 percent from September 2025 and down 19 percent from October 2024. Technical tallow production was 104 million pounds during October 2025, up 6 percent from September 2025 but down 21 percent from October 2024. Choice white grease production, at 99 million pounds during October 2025, decreased 1 percent from September 2025 but increased 6 percent from October 2024. Soybean Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: October 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : October 2024 :September 2025 : October 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Crush : Soybeans crushed........................................tons: 6,473,504 6,148,544 7,111,762 Crude oil produced..............................1,000 pounds: 2,543,453 2,406,039 2,829,270 Cake and meal produced..................................tons: 4,771,514 4,528,163 5,204,066 For animal feed.......................................tons: 4,702,505 4,478,807 5,134,547 For edible protein products...........................tons: 69,009 49,356 69,519 Millfeed produced.......................................tons: 317,235 311,811 349,961 : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining.................1,000 pounds: 2,049,414 1,994,659 2,135,105 Once refined oil produced.......................1,000 pounds: 2,005,831 1,944,785 2,079,680 : Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing1,000 pounds: 201,928 (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing..1,000 pounds: 1,964,207 1,955,715 2,072,316 Removed for edible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: 1,329,281 1,340,708 1,386,273 Removed for inedible use in processing........1,000 pounds: 634,926 615,007 686,043 : Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month......................tons: 303,430 341,070 346,329 Millfeed on hand end of month...........................tons: 37,780 57,003 48,160 Crude oil on hand end of month..................1,000 pounds: 1,118,317 1,310,116 1,352,645 Crusher.......................................1,000 pounds: 698,752 743,708 759,056 Refiner.......................................1,000 pounds: (D) 328,710 331,592 Offsite.......................................1,000 pounds: (D) 237,698 261,997 Once refined oil on hand end of month...........1,000 pounds: 473,806 436,885 428,832 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Soybean Crushing - Regional: October 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Soybeans crushed :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : October 2024 : September 2025 : October 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 660,727 646,627 792,234 Iowa........................: 1,382,798 1,363,526 1,461,642 North and East 1/ ..........: 1,466,606 1,283,828 1,470,739 North Central 2/ ...........: 1,203,817 1,116,744 1,331,616 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 669,127 627,136 682,758 West Central 4/ ............: 1,090,429 1,110,683 1,372,773 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : October 2024 : September 2025 : October 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 265,470 257,505 291,441 Iowa........................: 547,965 534,285 560,050 North and East 1/ ..........: 567,023 508,741 660,064 North Central 2/ ...........: 463,875 428,395 515,116 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 261,885 244,416 262,680 West Central 4/ ............: 437,235 432,697 539,919 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Crude oil stocks at crusher :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : October 2024 : September 2025 : October 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 pounds : Illinois....................: 95,176 99,306 85,935 Iowa........................: 100,658 80,620 76,284 North and East 1/ ..........: 215,236 169,724 173,074 North Central 2/ ...........: 103,818 216,753 249,675 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 58,762 54,207 49,129 West Central 4/ ............: 125,102 123,098 124,959 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal produced :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : October 2024 : September 2025 : October 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 484,238 467,996 534,172 Iowa........................: 1,035,951 1,016,067 1,093,509 North and East 1/ ..........: 1,056,440 922,799 1,083,022 North Central 2/ ...........: 900,415 833,289 989,084 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 478,565 457,117 497,199 West Central 4/ ............: 815,905 830,895 1,007,080 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Cake and meal stocks :-------------------------------------------------------------------- Region : October 2024 : September 2025 : October 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : tons : Illinois....................: 26,560 55,460 32,937 Iowa........................: 60,703 69,282 72,561 North and East 1/ ..........: 76,521 66,588 88,520 North Central 2/ ...........: 56,913 47,745 54,284 South, West and Pacific 3/ .: 39,051 28,668 28,748 West Central 4/ ............: 43,682 73,327 69,279 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ North and East includes Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Virginia. 2/ North Central includes Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota. 3/ South, West, and Pacific includes Alabama, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina. 4/ West Central includes Kansas, Missouri and Nebraska. Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: October 2025 with Comparisons ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : October 2024 :September 2025 : October 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Canola : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 218,185 230,362 192,578 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 171,288 190,866 151,888 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 127,369 110,147 105,324 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 186,525 178,368 161,348 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 181,685 173,563 157,075 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 173,222 162,388 160,600 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: 30,684 46,281 23,079 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 27,056 47,986 61,709 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 95,515 96,063 92,190 : Cottonseed : Crush : Seeds crushed.............................................tons: 110,813 44,402 61,370 Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 27,809 11,869 15,331 Cake and meal produced....................................tons: 50,395 22,814 28,516 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 39,776 16,205 24,201 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 38,665 15,710 23,519 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 36,605 26,548 29,494 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Cake and meal on hand end of month........................tons: 31,166 33,710 26,983 Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 30,995 14,826 17,291 : Coconut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 35,560 20,146 9,173 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 35,183 20,026 8,939 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 46,135 78,002 16,295 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: (D) 27,256 40,697 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 79,671 38,366 51,214 : Corn : Crush : Crude oil produced................................1,000 pounds: 133,780 135,770 124,392 Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 133,146 121,421 123,317 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 129,616 117,587 119,704 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 125,700 126,826 111,295 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 78,673 93,834 77,404 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 50,958 60,425 59,255 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Selected Oilseed Crushing, Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: October 2025 with Comparisons (continued) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Item : October 2024 :September 2025 : October 2025 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Palm kernel : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 42,417 50,469 50,687 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 82,310 104,193 96,508 : Palm : Consumption : Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 216,746 172,827 186,778 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: 210,401 172,569 186,488 Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: 6,345 258 290 Stocks : Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 291,419 265,552 280,007 : Peanut : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: (D) 36,523 34,115 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: (D) 35,722 33,346 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: (D) 42,717 28,353 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 7,399 18,607 20,166 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Safflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) - - Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: 5,418 (D) (D) Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 3,459 13,345 6,787 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) : Sunflower : Refine : Crude oil processed in refining...................1,000 pounds: 36,222 33,472 37,024 Once refined oil produced.........................1,000 pounds: 33,783 32,691 36,160 Consumption : Crude oil removed for inedible use in processing..1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Once refined oil removed for use in processing....1,000 pounds: (D) 31,572 31,291 Removed for edible use in processing............1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..........1,000 pounds: (D) (D) (D) Stocks : Crude oil on hand end of month....................1,000 pounds: 18,234 15,959 20,464 Once refined oil on hand end of month.............1,000 pounds: 31,719 19,817 22,582 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Animal Fats and Oils Production, Consumption and Stocks - United States: October 2025 with Comparisons ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Item : October 2024 :September 2025 : October 2025 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ : 1,000 pounds : Choice white grease : Production................................................: 93,742 99,707 99,045 Removed for inedible use..................................: 91,988 100,887 97,744 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 10,816 5,899 7,200 Feather meal : Production................................................: 87,794 101,193 91,362 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 18,823 29,821 27,911 Lard : Production................................................: 21,030 31,462 31,987 Removed for use in processing.............................: 26,669 45,818 38,679 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 6,603 (D) (D) Meat meal, meat and bone meal, and dry rendered tankage : Production................................................: 435,975 429,953 396,698 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 54,956 53,108 50,732 Other grease : Production................................................: 18,854 20,677 16,330 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 16,685 15,208 19,123 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) Poultry fats : Production................................................: 186,316 223,085 204,123 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 183,375 220,330 212,132 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 39,499 48,753 40,744 Poultry by-product meals : Production................................................: 332,150 436,834 380,502 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 106,117 150,742 145,130 Tallow, edible : Production................................................: 75,180 86,404 87,054 Removed for use in processing.............................: 79,754 91,184 83,103 Removed for edible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing..................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 15,598 17,024 21,217 Tallow, inedible : Production................................................: 322,944 303,542 261,912 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 317,571 308,094 262,782 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: 75,096 (D) 72,991 Tallow, technical : Production................................................: 131,279 98,434 103,998 Removed for inedible use in processing....................: 125,090 98,191 104,528 Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) Yellow grease : Production................................................: (D) (D) (D) Removed for inedible use in processing....................: (D) (D) (D) Stocks on hand end of month...............................: (D) (D) (D) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Statistical Methodology Survey Procedures: Fats and Oils: Oilseed Crushings, Production, Consumption and Stocks is part of the Current Agricultural Industrial Reports (CAIR) program. CAIR reports are administered under NASS's Census of Agriculture program. Response to CAIR surveys are required by law (Title 7, U.S. Code). Animal and vegetable fats and oils data are collected from all known facilities that crush, refine or render. Crushing facilities include processors that use either solvent extraction or continuous screw press. The census universe was determined during operation profile interviews which were completed for each potential facility to identify the presence of rendering, oilseeds crushing, and crude oil refining in 2014. In the Animal and Vegetable Fats and Oils survey questionnaire, facilities are asked for previous calendar month data on oilseed crushing, crude oil production, once refined oil production, rendering production, and end of month stocks. Facilities are mailed questionnaires with the options of completing the survey by mail or by Electronic Data Reporting (EDR). For surveys not received in a reasonable amount of time, telephone follow-up is conducted. Estimating Procedures: Imputation is done for operations with non-response by using historical data and current data relationships. Data for reporting firms are added to estimates for non-reporting firms to obtain National totals. Revision Policy: Data are revised the following month based on late reports or corrected data. Final figures are published in the annual summary of the following year. Reliability: Survey data are based on a census of all known facilities and therefore, have no sampling variability. Monthly data can vary due to different firms reporting month to month. Survey data are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omissions and mistakes in reporting and in processing the data. While these errors cannot be measured directly, they are minimized by carefully reviewing all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@usda.gov. Anthony Prillaman, Acting Chief, Crops Branch............................................. (202) 720-2127 Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section................................................. (202) 720-2127 Joshua Bates - Asparagus, Hemp, Maple Syrup, Soybeans................................ (202) 690-3234 Natasha Bruton - Cotton System Consumption and Stocks, Grain Crushings, Fats and Oils, Flour Milling Products, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Plums, Prunes..... (202) 690-1042 Noemi Guindin - Crop Progress and Condition, Kiwifruit............................... (202) 720-2127 Michelle Harder - Hay, Kale, Peanuts, Raspberries.................................... (202) 690-8533 Deonne Holiday - Almonds, Carrots, Coffee, Cranberries, Garlic, Onions Proso Millet, Rye, Tobacco...................................................... (202) 720-4288 Bret Holliman - Apricots, Barley, Chickpeas, Nectarines, Peaches, Snap Beans, Tomatoes............................................................ (202) 720-7235 James Johanson - Dry Edible Beans, Lettuce, Macadamias, Wheat........................ (202) 720-8068 Greg Lemmons - Beets, Corn, Flaxseed, Pears, Rice, Sweet Corn........................ (202) 720-9526 Krishna Rizal - Artichokes, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Mandarins and tangerines, Mint, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges, Pistachios.................................... (202) 720-5412 Chris Singh - Apples, Cucumbers, Hazelnuts, Potatoes, Pumpkins, Squash, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes................................... (202) 720-4285 Becky Sommer - Cabbage, Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum, Walnuts, Strawberries...... (202) 720-5944 Travis Thorson - Blueberries, Canola, Mustard Seed, Rapeseed, Safflower, Spinach, Sunflower.............................................................. (202) 720-7369 Antonio Torres - Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Grapes, Green Peas, Honeydews, Lentils, Oats, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Watermelons............ (202) 720-2157 Chris Wallace - Avocados, Bell Peppers, Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Hops, Papayas, Pecans........................................................... (202) 720-4215 Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways: All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. The national specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. 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