United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service ISSN: 1949- 162X Small Grains 2013 Summary September 2013 All wheat production totaled 2.13 billion bushels in 2013, down 6 percent from 2012. Grain area totaled 45.2 million acres, down 8 percent from the previous year. The United States yield is estimated at a record high of 47.1 bushels per acre, up 0.8 bushel from the previous year. The levels of production and changes from 2012 by type are winter wheat, 1.53 billion bushels, down 7 percent; other spring wheat, 532 million bushels, down 2 percent, and Durum wheat, 61.5 million bushels, down 26 percent. Oat production is estimated at 66.0 million bushels, up 3 percent from 2012 but the third lowest production on record. Yield is estimated at 64.0 bushels per acre, up 2.7 bushels from the previous year. Harvested area, at 1.03 million acres, is slightly below last year. This is the second lowest acreage harvested for grain on record. Barley production is estimated at 215 million bushels, down 2 percent from 2012. Average yield per acre, at 71.7 bushels, is up 3.8 bushels from the previous year. Producers seeded 3.48 million acres in 2013, down 4 percent from last year. Harvested area, at 3.00 million acres, is down 8 percent from 2012. This report was approved on September 30, 2013. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Robert Johansson Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Hubert Hamer Contents Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013........... 6 Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013........ 8 All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013..... 10 Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013.. 12 Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013.............................................................................. 14 Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013... 15 Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2011-2013.................................................. 15 Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class - States: 2012 and 2013................................. 16 Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class - States: 2012 and 2013......... 17 Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2009-2013....................................... 18 Rye Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013........... 19 Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2012-2013...................................................................... 20 Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2012-2013...................................................................... 20 Crop Comments......................................................................................... 21 Statistical Methodology............................................................................... 23 Information Contacts.................................................................................. 24 This page intentionally left blank. Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted 1/ : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Alabama .......: 45 60 60 15 15 20 Arkansas ......: 15 12 11 10 7 7 California ....: 200 230 180 15 25 20 Colorado ......: 45 55 55 10 6 12 Georgia .......: 60 60 50 25 20 18 Idaho .........: 70 70 70 15 15 15 Illinois ......: 30 30 40 20 20 25 Indiana .......: 15 15 20 7 5 10 Iowa ..........: 120 130 220 50 58 60 Kansas ........: 60 105 100 25 30 20 : Maine .........: 28 29 28 26 28 27 Michigan ......: 40 50 50 30 35 35 Minnesota .....: 180 190 240 110 135 105 Missouri ......: 15 20 30 8 8 14 Montana .......: 45 45 50 20 18 23 Nebraska ......: 60 75 150 20 18 25 New York ......: 55 70 75 34 50 46 North Carolina : 45 40 35 20 13 13 North Dakota ..: 170 200 225 85 110 135 Ohio ..........: 50 70 50 38 46 25 : Oklahoma ......: 35 75 60 5 10 7 Oregon ........: 35 35 30 12 19 13 Pennsylvania ..: 90 100 95 60 65 50 South Carolina : 22 28 20 13 15 9 South Dakota ..: 120 160 260 70 50 120 Texas .........: 550 500 450 60 75 50 Utah ..........: 35 30 40 4 3 5 Virginia ......: 11 11 10 3 4 2 Washington ....: 10 15 20 3 6 5 Wisconsin .....: 210 220 255 115 130 105 Wyoming .......: 30 30 31 11 6 10 : United States .: 2,496 2,760 3,010 939 1,045 1,031 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Oat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 bushels ------- : Alabama .......: 60.0 55.0 60.0 900 825 1,200 Arkansas ......: 90.0 80.0 73.0 900 560 511 California ....: 100.0 90.0 80.0 1,500 2,250 1,600 Colorado ......: 70.0 70.0 65.0 700 420 780 Georgia .......: 62.0 53.0 60.0 1,550 1,060 1,080 Idaho .........: 70.0 65.0 73.0 1,050 975 1,095 Illinois ......: 68.0 76.0 69.0 1,360 1,520 1,725 Indiana .......: 61.0 70.0 71.0 427 350 710 Iowa ..........: 65.0 65.0 66.0 3,250 3,770 3,960 Kansas ........: 38.0 33.0 42.0 950 990 840 : Maine .........: 45.0 65.0 67.0 1,170 1,820 1,809 Michigan ......: 64.0 60.0 62.0 1,920 2,100 2,170 Minnesota .....: 54.0 62.0 57.0 5,940 8,370 5,985 Missouri ......: 49.0 52.0 53.0 392 416 742 Montana .......: 50.0 45.0 58.0 1,000 810 1,334 Nebraska ......: 65.0 57.0 65.0 1,300 1,026 1,625 New York ......: 50.0 65.0 67.0 1,700 3,250 3,082 North Carolina : 80.0 75.0 70.0 1,600 975 910 North Dakota ..: 52.0 62.0 62.0 4,420 6,820 8,370 Ohio ..........: 54.0 56.0 63.0 2,052 2,576 1,575 : Oklahoma ......: 40.0 45.0 38.0 200 450 266 Oregon ........: 100.0 95.0 100.0 1,200 1,805 1,300 Pennsylvania ..: 46.0 61.0 62.0 2,760 3,965 3,100 South Carolina : 60.0 54.0 59.0 780 810 531 South Dakota ..: 59.0 68.0 77.0 4,130 3,400 9,240 Texas .........: 35.0 49.0 46.0 2,100 3,675 2,300 Utah ..........: 81.0 76.0 62.0 324 228 310 Virginia ......: 65.0 75.0 70.0 195 300 140 Washington ....: 59.0 82.0 68.0 177 492 340 Wisconsin .....: 62.0 60.0 65.0 7,130 7,800 6,825 Wyoming .......: 52.0 36.0 57.0 572 216 570 : United States .: 57.1 61.3 64.0 53,649 64,024 66,025 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted 1/ : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Arizona .......: 65 48 75 64 47 69 California ....: 100 120 90 75 80 40 Colorado ......: 66 58 63 63 55 58 Delaware ......: 35 38 43 32 34 33 Idaho .........: 520 610 630 500 590 600 Kansas ........: 9 10 17 6 7 11 Maine .........: 16 17 20 14 16 17 Maryland ......: 50 60 75 36 40 52 Michigan ......: 10 11 10 8 9 9 Minnesota .....: 70 115 90 60 100 75 : Montana .......: 700 900 990 620 790 830 New York ......: 10 10 11 9 8 8 North Carolina : 22 23 19 14 17 14 North Dakota ..: 400 1,060 760 350 1,010 720 Oregon ........: 38 56 63 32 53 50 Pennsylvania ..: 65 65 75 55 53 60 South Dakota ..: 25 34 34 16 22 18 Utah ..........: 35 44 40 22 26 30 Virginia ......: 90 65 67 70 37 41 Washington ....: 125 185 195 115 175 185 Wisconsin .....: 33 33 33 15 15 16 Wyoming .......: 75 75 80 63 60 64 : United States .: 2,559 3,637 3,480 2,239 3,244 3,000 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Barley Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 bushels -------- : Arizona .......: 125.0 105.0 118.0 8,000 4,935 8,142 California ....: 63.0 55.0 75.0 4,725 4,400 3,000 Colorado ......: 126.0 123.0 133.0 7,938 6,765 7,714 Delaware ......: 88.0 84.0 78.0 2,816 2,856 2,574 Idaho .........: 93.0 91.0 93.0 46,500 53,690 55,800 Kansas ........: 29.0 59.0 48.0 174 413 528 Maine .........: 35.0 60.0 53.0 490 960 901 Maryland ......: 80.0 82.0 85.0 2,880 3,280 4,420 Michigan ......: 48.0 48.0 52.0 384 432 468 Minnesota .....: 51.0 57.0 69.0 3,060 5,700 5,175 : Montana .......: 50.0 53.0 54.0 31,000 41,870 44,820 New York ......: 46.0 47.0 52.0 414 376 416 North Carolina : 81.0 63.0 67.0 1,134 1,071 938 North Dakota ..: 47.0 61.0 64.0 16,450 61,610 46,080 Oregon ........: 75.0 72.0 70.0 2,400 3,816 3,500 Pennsylvania ..: 65.0 68.0 68.0 3,575 3,604 4,080 South Dakota ..: 33.0 36.0 55.0 528 792 990 Utah ..........: 83.0 80.0 79.0 1,826 2,080 2,370 Virginia ......: 88.0 82.0 82.0 6,160 3,034 3,362 Washington ....: 74.0 72.0 72.0 8,510 12,600 13,320 Wisconsin .....: 47.0 44.0 49.0 705 660 784 Wyoming .......: 97.0 89.0 89.0 6,111 5,340 5,696 : United States .: 69.6 67.9 71.7 155,780 220,284 215,078 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted 1/ : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Alabama .......: 220 220 300 195 190 270 Arizona .......: 87 115 92 85 112 89 Arkansas ......: 620 550 680 520 450 615 California ....: 790 750 685 535 445 407 Colorado ......: 2,345 2,363 2,310 2,044 2,182 1,649 Delaware ......: 80 85 85 75 80 78 Florida .......: 12 20 25 8 15 19 Georgia .......: 250 290 420 200 230 350 Idaho .........: 1,471 1,313 1,311 1,401 1,253 1,241 Illinois ......: 800 660 875 765 645 830 : Indiana .......: 430 350 470 400 300 440 Iowa ..........: 22 18 30 16 13 21 Kansas ........: 8,800 9,400 9,500 7,900 9,000 8,400 Kentucky ......: 540 580 700 440 470 610 Louisiana .....: 240 285 260 235 275 250 Maryland ......: 260 310 345 190 210 260 Michigan ......: 700 570 630 680 540 600 Minnesota .....: 1,580 1,390 1,230 1,526 1,347 1,187 Mississippi ...: 360 370 400 335 345 385 Missouri ......: 790 790 1,100 680 690 1,000 : Montana .......: 5,100 5,800 5,455 4,975 5,615 5,240 Nebraska ......: 1,520 1,380 1,470 1,450 1,300 1,130 Nevada ........: 23 26 28 12 13 14 New Jersey ....: 35 33 34 31 27 29 New Mexico ....: 435 450 440 95 90 70 New York ......: 120 100 125 93 85 115 North Carolina : 700 830 990 610 750 920 North Dakota ..: 6,800 7,840 6,115 6,590 7,760 6,035 Ohio ..........: 880 500 690 850 450 665 Oklahoma ......: 5,100 5,400 5,600 3,200 4,300 3,400 : Oregon ........: 990 885 880 982 878 868 Pennsylvania ..: 185 165 185 170 145 160 South Carolina : 190 235 270 180 220 255 South Dakota ..: 2,908 2,405 2,494 2,817 2,235 1,839 Tennessee .....: 420 420 610 310 340 540 Texas .........: 5,300 5,700 6,200 1,900 3,000 2,250 Utah ..........: 151 155 138 144 137 124 Virginia ......: 270 280 320 250 240 275 Washington ....: 2,380 2,210 2,190 2,345 2,175 2,155 West Virginia .: 10 8 9 6 4 7 Wisconsin .....: 345 265 315 335 245 265 Wyoming .......: 150 150 150 130 120 120 : United States .: 54,409 55,666 56,156 45,705 48,921 45,177 : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued All Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- bushels --------- --------- 1,000 bushels --------- : Alabama .......: 73.0 59.0 69.0 14,235 11,210 18,630 Arizona .......: 98.8 93.9 99.5 8,399 10,520 8,858 Arkansas ......: 58.0 55.0 62.0 30,160 24,750 38,130 California ....: 90.2 91.1 83.3 48,235 40,525 33,900 Colorado ......: 40.0 34.3 27.3 81,828 74,848 45,018 Delaware ......: 69.0 74.0 68.0 5,175 5,920 5,304 Florida .......: 45.0 41.0 59.0 360 615 1,121 Georgia .......: 55.0 49.0 60.0 11,000 11,270 21,000 Idaho .........: 82.8 78.2 82.1 115,979 98,006 101,872 Illinois ......: 61.0 63.0 67.0 46,665 40,635 55,610 : Indiana .......: 62.0 67.0 73.0 24,800 20,100 32,120 Iowa ..........: 45.0 53.0 52.0 720 689 1,092 Kansas ........: 35.0 42.0 38.0 276,500 378,000 319,200 Kentucky ......: 70.0 62.0 75.0 30,800 29,140 45,750 Louisiana .....: 63.0 49.0 58.0 14,805 13,475 14,500 Maryland ......: 66.0 68.0 67.0 12,540 14,280 17,420 Michigan ......: 75.0 76.0 75.0 51,000 41,040 45,000 Minnesota .....: 46.2 56.9 56.7 70,456 76,705 67,281 Mississippi ...: 64.0 57.0 58.0 21,440 19,665 22,330 Missouri ......: 50.0 57.0 56.0 34,000 39,330 56,000 : Montana .......: 35.2 34.8 38.9 174,970 195,590 203,810 Nebraska ......: 45.0 41.0 35.0 65,250 53,300 39,550 Nevada ........: 108.8 75.9 86.8 1,305 987 1,215 New Jersey ....: 49.0 56.0 54.0 1,519 1,512 1,566 New Mexico ....: 22.0 27.0 44.0 2,090 2,430 3,080 New York ......: 56.0 63.0 68.0 5,208 5,355 7,820 North Carolina : 68.0 57.0 57.0 41,480 42,750 52,440 North Dakota ..: 30.3 43.7 44.9 199,858 339,210 270,835 Ohio ..........: 58.0 69.0 70.0 49,300 31,050 46,550 Oklahoma ......: 22.0 36.0 31.0 70,400 154,800 105,400 : Oregon ........: 75.9 65.6 62.1 74,515 57,576 53,904 Pennsylvania ..: 51.0 65.0 68.0 8,670 9,425 10,880 South Carolina : 60.0 53.0 54.0 10,800 11,660 13,770 South Dakota ..: 37.2 45.8 42.2 104,796 102,435 77,558 Tennessee .....: 69.0 63.0 71.0 21,390 21,420 38,340 Texas .........: 26.0 32.0 29.0 49,400 96,000 65,250 Utah ..........: 49.4 45.4 44.5 7,120 6,224 5,512 Virginia ......: 71.0 65.0 62.0 17,750 15,600 17,050 Washington ....: 71.6 67.3 66.9 167,880 146,345 144,240 West Virginia .: 59.0 65.0 52.0 354 260 364 Wisconsin .....: 65.0 75.0 58.0 21,775 18,375 15,370 Wyoming .......: 34.0 25.0 24.0 4,420 3,000 2,880 : United States .: 43.7 46.3 47.1 1,999,347 2,266,027 2,127,520 : --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Winter Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted 1/ : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Alabama .......: 220 220 300 195 190 270 Arizona .......: 7 10 12 6 8 10 Arkansas ......: 620 550 680 520 450 615 California ....: 670 610 610 420 310 340 Colorado ......: 2,300 2,350 2,300 2,000 2,170 1,640 Delaware ......: 80 85 85 75 80 78 Florida .......: 12 20 25 8 15 19 Georgia .......: 250 290 420 200 230 350 Idaho .........: 820 780 770 770 740 720 Illinois ......: 800 660 875 765 645 830 : Indiana .......: 430 350 470 400 300 440 Iowa ..........: 22 18 30 16 13 21 Kansas ........: 8,800 9,400 9,500 7,900 9,000 8,400 Kentucky ......: 540 580 700 440 470 610 Louisiana .....: 240 285 260 235 275 250 Maryland ......: 260 310 345 190 210 260 Michigan ......: 700 570 630 680 540 600 Minnesota .....: 30 40 30 26 37 27 Mississippi ...: 360 370 400 335 345 385 Missouri ......: 790 790 1,100 680 690 1,000 : Montana .......: 2,250 2,300 2,000 2,190 2,170 1,900 Nebraska ......: 1,520 1,380 1,470 1,450 1,300 1,130 Nevada ........: 15 20 20 9 11 11 New Jersey ....: 35 33 34 31 27 29 New Mexico ....: 435 450 440 95 90 70 New York ......: 120 100 125 93 85 115 North Carolina : 700 830 990 610 750 920 North Dakota ..: 400 750 220 375 730 205 Ohio ..........: 880 500 690 850 450 665 Oklahoma ......: 5,100 5,400 5,600 3,200 4,300 3,400 : Oregon ........: 830 790 790 825 785 780 Pennsylvania ..: 185 165 185 170 145 160 South Carolina : 190 235 270 180 220 255 South Dakota ..: 1,650 1,320 1,300 1,590 1,210 670 Tennessee .....: 420 420 610 310 340 540 Texas .........: 5,300 5,700 6,200 1,900 3,000 2,250 Utah ..........: 130 140 120 124 124 110 Virginia ......: 270 280 320 250 240 275 Washington ....: 1,760 1,700 1,690 1,730 1,670 1,660 West Virginia .: 10 8 9 6 4 7 Wisconsin .....: 345 265 315 335 245 265 Wyoming .......: 150 150 150 130 120 120 : United States .: 40,646 41,224 43,090 32,314 34,734 32,402 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued Winter Wheat Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 (continued) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- bushels --------- --------- 1,000 bushels --------- : Alabama .......: 73.0 59.0 69.0 14,235 11,210 18,630 Arizona .......: 70.0 80.0 80.0 420 640 800 Arkansas ......: 58.0 55.0 62.0 30,160 24,750 38,130 California ....: 85.0 85.0 80.0 35,700 26,350 27,200 Colorado ......: 39.0 34.0 27.0 78,000 73,780 44,280 Delaware ......: 69.0 74.0 68.0 5,175 5,920 5,304 Florida .......: 45.0 41.0 59.0 360 615 1,121 Georgia .......: 55.0 49.0 60.0 11,000 11,270 21,000 Idaho .........: 82.0 80.0 86.0 63,140 59,200 61,920 Illinois ......: 61.0 63.0 67.0 46,665 40,635 55,610 : Indiana .......: 62.0 67.0 73.0 24,800 20,100 32,120 Iowa ..........: 45.0 53.0 52.0 720 689 1,092 Kansas ........: 35.0 42.0 38.0 276,500 378,000 319,200 Kentucky ......: 70.0 62.0 75.0 30,800 29,140 45,750 Louisiana .....: 63.0 49.0 58.0 14,805 13,475 14,500 Maryland ......: 66.0 68.0 67.0 12,540 14,280 17,420 Michigan ......: 75.0 76.0 75.0 51,000 41,040 45,000 Minnesota .....: 56.0 55.0 43.0 1,456 2,035 1,161 Mississippi ...: 64.0 57.0 58.0 21,440 19,665 22,330 Missouri ......: 50.0 57.0 56.0 34,000 39,330 56,000 : Montana .......: 41.0 39.0 43.0 89,790 84,630 81,700 Nebraska ......: 45.0 41.0 35.0 65,250 53,300 39,550 Nevada ........: 115.0 77.0 90.0 1,035 847 990 New Jersey ....: 49.0 56.0 54.0 1,519 1,512 1,566 New Mexico ....: 22.0 27.0 44.0 2,090 2,430 3,080 New York ......: 56.0 63.0 68.0 5,208 5,355 7,820 North Carolina : 68.0 57.0 57.0 41,480 42,750 52,440 North Dakota ..: 37.0 55.0 43.0 13,875 40,150 8,815 Ohio ..........: 58.0 69.0 70.0 49,300 31,050 46,550 Oklahoma ......: 22.0 36.0 31.0 70,400 154,800 105,400 : Oregon ........: 77.0 66.0 62.0 63,525 51,810 48,360 Pennsylvania ..: 51.0 65.0 68.0 8,670 9,425 10,880 South Carolina : 60.0 53.0 54.0 10,800 11,660 13,770 South Dakota ..: 42.0 50.0 39.0 66,780 60,500 26,130 Tennessee .....: 69.0 63.0 71.0 21,390 21,420 38,340 Texas .........: 26.0 32.0 29.0 49,400 96,000 65,250 Utah ..........: 50.0 46.0 44.0 6,200 5,704 4,840 Virginia ......: 71.0 65.0 62.0 17,750 15,600 17,050 Washington ....: 75.0 71.0 69.0 129,750 118,570 114,540 West Virginia .: 59.0 65.0 52.0 354 260 364 Wisconsin .....: 65.0 75.0 58.0 21,775 18,375 15,370 Wyoming .......: 34.0 25.0 24.0 4,420 3,000 2,880 : United States .: 46.2 47.3 47.4 1,493,677 1,641,272 1,534,253 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Other Spring Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Colorado .....: 45 13 10 44 12 9 Idaho ........: 640 520 530 620 500 510 Minnesota ....: 1,550 1,350 1,200 1,500 1,310 1,160 Montana ......: 2,450 2,950 2,950 2,400 2,900 2,850 Nevada .......: 8 6 8 3 2 3 North Dakota .: 5,650 5,750 5,100 5,500 5,700 5,060 Oregon .......: 160 95 90 157 93 88 South Dakota .: 1,250 1,080 1,190 1,220 1,020 1,165 Utah .........: 21 15 18 20 13 14 Washington ...: 620 510 500 615 505 495 : United States : 12,394 12,289 11,596 12,079 12,055 11,354 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- bushels --------- -------- 1,000 bushels -------- : Colorado .....: 87.0 89.0 82.0 3,828 1,068 738 Idaho ........: 84.0 76.0 77.0 52,080 38,000 39,270 Minnesota ....: 46.0 57.0 57.0 69,000 74,670 66,120 Montana ......: 31.0 33.0 37.0 74,400 95,700 105,450 Nevada .......: 90.0 70.0 75.0 270 140 225 North Dakota .: 30.5 45.0 46.0 167,750 256,500 232,760 Oregon .......: 70.0 62.0 63.0 10,990 5,766 5,544 South Dakota .: 31.0 41.0 44.0 37,820 41,820 51,260 Utah .........: 46.0 40.0 48.0 920 520 672 Washington ...: 62.0 55.0 60.0 38,130 27,775 29,700 : United States : 37.7 45.0 46.8 455,188 541,959 531,739 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum Wheat Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Arizona ......: 80 105 80 79 104 79 California ...: 120 140 75 115 135 67 Idaho ........: 11 13 11 11 13 11 Montana ......: 400 550 505 385 545 490 North Dakota .: 750 1,340 795 715 1,330 770 South Dakota .: 8 5 4 7 5 4 : United States : 1,369 2,153 1,470 1,312 2,132 1,421 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 bushels ------- : Arizona ......: 101.0 95.0 102.0 7,979 9,880 8,058 California ...: 109.0 105.0 100.0 12,535 14,175 6,700 Idaho ........: 69.0 62.0 62.0 759 806 682 Montana ......: 28.0 28.0 34.0 10,780 15,260 16,660 North Dakota .: 25.5 32.0 38.0 18,233 42,560 29,260 South Dakota .: 28.0 23.0 42.0 196 115 168 : United States : 38.5 38.8 43.3 50,482 82,796 61,528 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat Production by Class - United States: 2011-2013 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data] --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : : Crop : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 bushels : Winter : Hard red ......: 780,089 1,000,005 744,029 Soft red ......: 457,535 419,801 564,907 Hard white ....: 12,368 13,171 11,154 Soft white ....: 243,685 208,295 214,163 : Spring : Hard red ......: 397,689 504,520 488,604 Hard white ....: 11,878 8,465 10,502 Soft white ....: 45,621 28,974 32,633 Durum .........: 50,482 82,796 61,528 : Total ...... : 1,999,347 2,266,027 2,127,520 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat Class Percentage Estimates The following percentages are the basis for the United States wheat production by class estimates each year. These estimates are based on the latest varietal or class survey data available. These end-of-season percentages will be used during the 2014 forecast season. However, if an unusual situation significantly distorts a State's usual distribution, then updated percentages will be used to forecast the production by class. (Note: The Idaho, Oregon, and Washington percentages are based on their estimates of production by class.) Winter Wheat Production Distribution by Class - States: 2012 and 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Hard red : Soft red : Hard white : Soft white :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Alabama .......: 1 - 99 100 - - - - Arizona .......: 58 60 - - 42 40 - - Arkansas ......: 1 1 99 99 - - - - California ....: 88 89 - - 9 8 3 3 Colorado ......: 98 95 - - 2 5 - - Delaware ......: - - 100 100 - - - - Florida .......: - - 100 100 - - - - Georgia .......: - - 100 100 - - - - Idaho .........: 23 21 - - 1 - 76 79 Illinois ......: - - 100 100 - - - - : Indiana .......: - - 100 100 - - - - Iowa ..........: 55 56 45 44 - - - - Kansas ........: 98 98 - - 2 2 - - Kentucky ......: - - 100 100 - - - - Louisiana .....: - - 100 100 - - - - Maryland ......: - - 100 100 - - - - Michigan ......: - - 64 68 - - 36 32 Minnesota .....: 100 100 - - - - - - Mississippi ...: - - 100 100 - - - - Missouri ......: 2 2 98 98 - - - - : Montana .......: 99 100 - - 1 - - - Nebraska ......: 100 100 - - - - - - Nevada ........: - - - - 1 - 99 100 New Jersey ....: - - 100 100 - - - - New Mexico ....: 98 99 - - 2 1 - - New York ......: 3 3 84 87 - - 13 10 North Carolina : - - 100 100 - - - - North Dakota ..: 100 100 - - - - - - Ohio ..........: - - 100 100 - - - - Oklahoma ......: 99 99 1 1 - - - - : Oregon ........: 4 5 - - - - 96 95 Pennsylvania ..: 1 1 99 98 - - - 1 South Carolina : - - 100 100 - - - - South Dakota ..: 100 100 - - - - - - Tennessee .....: - - 100 100 - - - - Texas .........: 93 94 7 6 - - - - Utah ..........: 75 74 - - - - 25 26 Virginia ......: - - 100 100 - - - - Washington ....: 20 12 - - - - 80 88 West Virginia .: 3 3 97 97 - - - - Wisconsin .....: 3 2 96 97 - - 1 1 Wyoming .......: 100 99 - - - 1 - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum) Production Distribution by Class - States: 2012 and 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hard red : Hard white : Soft white State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : percent : Colorado ......: 60 57 28 27 12 16 Idaho .........: 50 45 20 23 30 32 Minnesota .....: 100 100 - - - - Montana .......: 100 100 - - - - Nevada ........: 2 - - - 98 100 North Dakota ..: 100 100 - - - - Oregon ........: 39 37 - 1 61 62 South Dakota ..: 100 100 - - - - Utah ..........: 63 59 2 4 35 37 Washington ....: 49 42 2 4 49 54 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - Represents zero. Winter Wheat Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat estimating States during 2013. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot - Selected States: 2009-2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : number : Colorado : July .............: 44.0 47.3 45.3 41.0 32.1 August ...........: 44.1 48.6 45.0 41.0 31.9 Final ............: 43.9 48.6 45.0 41.0 31.9 : Illinois : July .............: 58.1 44.5 60.0 56.5 60.9 August ...........: 58.4 44.5 60.1 56.5 61.2 Final ............: 58.4 44.5 60.1 56.5 61.2 : Kansas : July .............: 45.5 44.6 42.2 46.5 50.4 August ...........: 45.5 44.6 42.2 46.7 50.4 Final ............: 45.5 44.6 42.2 46.7 50.4 : Missouri : July .............: 49.7 39.8 50.7 49.9 54.6 August ...........: 49.7 39.2 48.9 49.9 55.8 Final ............: 49.7 39.2 48.9 49.9 55.8 : Montana : July .............: 37.1 44.7 44.3 44.1 43.7 August ...........: 35.8 44.7 46.7 44.7 45.1 Final ............: 36.0 45.0 46.9 45.0 45.1 : Nebraska : July .............: 51.5 47.1 54.3 50.7 38.5 August ...........: 50.8 48.1 54.6 50.7 38.8 Final ............: 50.8 48.1 54.6 50.7 38.8 : Ohio : July .............: 57.8 62.1 56.1 58.3 53.0 August ...........: 58.2 62.1 56.2 58.3 54.0 Final ............: 58.2 62.1 56.2 58.3 54.0 : Oklahoma : July .............: 38.7 36.5 37.7 47.7 51.7 August ...........: 38.7 36.5 37.7 47.7 51.7 Final ............: 38.7 36.5 37.7 47.7 51.7 : Texas : July .............: 35.2 35.9 32.7 34.3 33.3 August ...........: 35.2 35.9 32.8 34.3 33.3 Final ............: 35.1 35.9 32.9 34.3 33.0 : Washington : July .............: 36.0 40.2 41.3 37.3 38.0 August ...........: 35.6 39.2 41.5 36.6 38.6 Final ............: 35.4 39.2 41.4 36.9 38.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rye Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - States and United States: 2011-2013 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted 1/ : Area harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Georgia ........: 200 230 190 35 25 40 Oklahoma .......: 260 250 260 55 60 80 : Other States 2/ : 806 820 996 152 163 158 : United States ..: 1,266 1,300 1,446 242 248 278 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 : 2011 : 2012 : 2013 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- bushels -------- ------ 1,000 bushels ------ : Georgia ........: 27.0 22.0 27.0 945 550 1,080 Oklahoma .......: 15.0 21.0 20.0 825 1,260 1,600 : Other States 2/ : 30.0 31.5 31.6 4,556 5,134 4,989 : United States ..: 26.1 28.0 27.6 6,326 6,944 7,669 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. 2/ Other States include Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Texas, and Wisconsin. Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units - United States: 2012-2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :--------------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 acres : Barley .........: 3,637 3,480 3,244 3,000 Oats ...........: 2,760 3,010 1,045 1,031 Rye ............: 1,300 1,446 248 278 Wheat, all .....: 55,666 56,156 48,921 45,177 Winter ........: 41,224 43,090 34,734 32,402 Durum .........: 2,153 1,470 2,132 1,421 Other spring ..: 12,289 11,596 12,055 11,354 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per acre : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ----- bushels ----- ----- 1,000 bushels ---- : Barley ........: 67.9 71.7 220,284 215,078 Oats ..........: 61.3 64.0 64,024 66,025 Rye ...........: 28.0 27.6 6,944 7,669 Wheat, all ....: 46.3 47.1 2,266,027 2,127,520 Winter .......: 47.3 47.4 1,641,272 1,534,253 Durum ........: 38.8 43.3 82,796 61,528 Other spring .: 45.0 46.8 541,959 531,739 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grain Annual Summary Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units - United States: 2012-2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area planted : Area harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : hectares : Barley ........: 1,471,860 1,408,320 1,312,810 1,214,070 Oats ..........: 1,116,940 1,218,120 422,900 417,240 Rye ...........: 526,100 585,180 100,360 112,500 Wheat, all ....: 22,527,470 22,725,770 19,797,840 18,282,680 Winter .......: 16,682,940 17,438,090 14,056,500 13,112,770 Durum ........: 871,300 594,890 862,800 575,060 Other spring .: 4,973,240 4,692,790 4,878,540 4,594,850 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield per hectare : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2012 : 2013 : 2012 : 2013 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- : metric tons : Barley ........: 3.65 3.86 4,796,120 4,682,770 Oats ..........: 2.20 2.30 929,310 958,350 Rye ...........: 1.76 1.73 176,390 194,800 Wheat, all ....: 3.12 3.17 61,671,150 57,901,610 Winter .......: 3.18 3.18 44,668,100 41,755,520 Durum ........: 2.61 2.91 2,253,340 1,674,520 Other spring .: 3.02 3.15 14,749,710 14,471,560 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop Comments Oats: The 2013 production is estimated at 66.0 million bushels, up 3 percent from 2012 but the third lowest production on record. Yield is estimated at 64.0 bushels per acre, up 2.7 bushels from the previous year. Harvested area, at 1.03 million acres, is slightly below last year. This is the second lowest acreage harvested for grain on record. Record low acres were planted in California, Georgia, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, and Virginia. Producers harvested record low acreage in Kansas, Idaho, Minnesota, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Wisconsin, and Virginia. Favorable growing conditions in the Northern Great Plains and the Ohio Valley promoted significant yield increases compared with 2012. Drought conditions in the Southern Great Plains led to a large decline in yield from last year. During early spring, planting and emergence of the oat crop was behind the normal pace. By April 14, producers Nationwide had sown 39 percent of this year's oat crop, 33 percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Cold temperatures and above average precipitation hampered fieldwork in many areas. Fifty-seven percent of this year's oat crop was seeded by May 5, thirty-six percentage points behind last year and 19 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Minnesota and North Dakota, two of the three largest oat-producing States, producers maximized a limited number of days suitable for fieldwork as they tried to seed their crop. Through June, crop development remained behind normal in most major oat-producing States. As of June 24, fifty-three percent of the oat acreage was headed, 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. At the end of July, 27 percent of the oat acreage was harvested, 6 percentage points behind the normal pace. By August 26, eighty-three percent of the oat acreage was harvested, 5 percentage points ahead of the five-year average. Barley: Production is estimated at 215 million bushels, down 2 percent from 2012. Average yield per acre, at 71.7 bushels, is up 3.8 bushels from the previous year. Producers seeded 3.48 million acres in 2013, down 4 percent from last year. Harvested area, at 3.00 million acres, is down 8 percent from 2012. By Mid-April, barley seeding was ahead of normal in the Pacific Northwest, while cool weather and poor field conditions delayed planting in Minnesota and North Dakota. By the end of April, barley planting was 30 percent complete, 32 percentage points behind 2012 and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By mid-May, high winds and drier weather helped growers in Minnesota and North Dakota catch up on their planting progress. Barley was 35 percent emerged by May 19, twelve percentage points behind the 5-year average. Heavy rainfall in the Great Lakes region limited fieldwork to only 4 days during the last two weeks of May. By the end of May, North Dakota emergence was behind due to flooding and crusted fields. By June 2, sixty-six percent of the crop was in good to excellent condition, 3 percentage points behind the previous year. Drier weather by mid-June helped North Dakota growers get additional acres planted; however, progress remained 3 weeks behind normal on June 16. Nationally, 97 percent of the barley was sown and 94 percent had emerged by June 30. Warm, mostly dry weather helped the crop mature quickly in the Pacific Northwest by the end of June. Hot, dry weather extended across the Great Plains through the end of July allowing for 98 percent of the crop to be at or beyond the heading stage by July 28. By August 11, barley producers had harvested 17 percent of this year's crop, 34 percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest advanced most rapidly in Idaho and Montana. By the end of August, 76 percent of the Nation's barley crop was harvested, 14 percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Winter wheat: The 2013 winter wheat production totaled 1.53 billion bushels, down 7 percent from the previous year. The United States yield, at 47.4 bushels per acre, is up slightly from 2012 and represents the second highest yield on record, 0.4 bushel below 1999. Area harvested for grain is estimated at 32.4 million acres, down 7 percent from the previous year. Planted acres were up from 2012 in most of the major Hard Red Winter (HRW) growing States. Particularly large acreage increases were experienced in Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas. Conversely, Montana and North Dakota had large decreases in planted acres from the previous year. Harvested acres were down substantially across the HRW region, with large decreases in Colorado, the Dakotas, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas. A record high yield is estimated in New Mexico. Nationally, HRW production totaled 744 million bushels, down 26 percent from 2012. Record high production is estimated in Nevada, up 17 percent from last year. In the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area, planted and harvested acreage increases from 2012 were experienced throughout the region, with producers in North Carolina seeding and harvesting the largest acreage on record. Record high yields were realized in Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, New York, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee. SRW production totaled 565 million bushels, up 35 percent from 2012. Record production was recorded in Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, and Tennessee. White winter production totaled 225 million bushels, up 2 percent from the previous year. Harvested acreage in the Pacific Northwest (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) was below 2012's level. Yields were also down from last year in most Pacific Northwest States. Other spring wheat: Production for 2013 is estimated at 532 million bushels, down 2 percent from 2012. Harvested area totaled 11.4 million acres, down 6 percent from last year. The United States yield is estimated at a record high 46.8 bushels per acre, up 1.8 bushels from last year. Due to wet spring conditions, planting got off to a slow start in North Dakota and Minnesota. By April 14, producers had sown 6 percent of the Nation's spring wheat crop, 27 percentage points behind last year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 12, seeding delays of over three weeks and over two weeks were evident in Minnesota and North Dakota respectively, due to unseasonable weather conditions and limited fieldwork. Crop maturation continued behind normal throughout the growing season for all States. As a result, sixty-four percent of the spring wheat crop was harvested by September 1, twenty-nine percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Durum wheat: Production for 2013 is estimated at 61.5 million bushels, down 26 percent from 2012. Grain area harvested totaled 1.42 million acres, down 33 percent from the previous year. The United States yield is estimated at 43.3 bushels per acre, up 4.5 bushels from 2012 and the second highest yield on record. Production in Idaho is down 15 percent from last year and represents a record low for the State. Due to excessive moisture this season, crop development has progressed significantly behind normal in Montana and North Dakota, the two largest Durum-producing States. As a result, harvest progress in North Dakota and Montana as of September 1 was well behind last year and the 5-year average. Rye: Production for 2013 is estimated at 7.67 million bushels, up 10 percent from 2012. Harvested area totaled 278,000 acres, up 30,000 acres from 2012. The United States yield, at 27.6 bushels per acre, is down 0.4 bushel from the previous year. Favorable growing conditions in the Southern Great Plains and the Southeast led to increases in harvested acres from a year earlier. Statistical Methodology Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted to gather information on small grain acreage, yield, and production. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted for over 60 percent of the 2013 winter wheat production. Early in the growing season, farm operators were interviewed to seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. Throughout the growing season, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were collected from these plots. The plots were revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads were clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator harvested the sample field, enumerators revisited the sample to obtain harvesting loss. The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewer. Approximately 66,000 producers were interviewed between August 28 and September 16 and asked questions pertaining to planted and harvested area as well as yield and production. Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared with previous years. Each Field Office submits an estimate and written analysis for their State to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data, administrative data, and the State analysis to prepare the estimates published in this report. Revision Policy: Estimates contained in this report may be revised in the Crop Production Annual Summary report published in January should new information become available. Previous year acreage, yield, and production estimates can be revised in the Small Grain Summary published the following year, if new information is available that would justify a change. Estimates will also be reviewed after data for the 5-year Census of Agriculture are available. No revisions will be made after that date. Reliability: The surveys used to make the acreage, yield, and production estimates contained in this report are subject to sampling and non-sampling type errors that are common to all surveys. Reliability of the objective yield and farmer survey must be treated separately because the survey designs for the two surveys are different. The objective yield indications are subject to sampling variability because all acres of winter wheat are not included in the sample. The farm operator survey indications are also subject to sampling variability because all operations with small grains are not included in the sample. This variability, as measured by the relative standard error at the National level, is approximately 1.5 percent for winter wheat, 5.7 percent for Durum wheat, and 2.5 percent for other spring wheat. This means that chances are approximately 95 out of 100 that survey estimates for production will be within plus or minus 3.0 percent for winter wheat, 11.4 percent for Durum wheat, and 5.0 percent for other spring wheat of the value that could be developed by averaging the estimates produced from all possible samples selected from the same population and surveyed using the same procedures. The relative standard errors for barley, oats and rye are 2.5, 3.5, and 8.9 percent, respectively. Survey indications are also subject to non-sampling errors such as omission, duplication, imputation for missing data, and mistakes in reporting, recording, and processing the data. These errors cannot be measured directly, but they are minimized through rigid quality controls in the data collection process and a careful review of all reported data for consistency and reasonableness. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch........................... (202) 720-2127 Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section............... (202) 720-2127 Brent Chittenden - Oats, Rye, Wheat................... (202) 720-8068 Angie Considine - Peanuts, Rice....................... (202) 720-7688 Angie Considine - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum.... (202) 720-5944 Chris Hawthorn - Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet......... (202) 720-9526 Brent Chittenden - Crop Weather, Barley, Hay.......... (202) 720-8068 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds.. 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