United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Small Grains 1998 Summary September 1998 Cr Pr 2-3 (9-98)a Contents Page TablesNarrative Oats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1,20 Barley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1,20 Wheat, All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1 Wheat, Winter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 20 Wheat, Other Spring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 20 Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 21 Rye. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 21 Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 -- All wheat production totaled 2.56 billion bushels in 1998, down slightly from the last forecast but up 1 percent from 1997. Most of the production decline is due to a modest drop in grain area to 59.1 million acres, now down 7 percent from last year. The U.S. yield is a record high 43.3 bushels per acre, up 3.6 bushels from last season. Oats: Oat production for the 1998 crop year is estimated at 170 million bushels, the third smallest crop since records were first kept in 1866. This production exceeds the 1995 production by 5 percent and the 1996 production by 9 percent. The yield, at 60.5 bushels per acre, is up 0.1 bushels from the August forecast and equal to last year. Area harvested for grain in 1998 is 2.81 million acres, the second smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, exceeding only the 1996 harvested acreage. Barley: Production in 1998 was estimated at 358 million bushels, down 4 percent from the last forecast and last year's estimate. Average yield per acre, at 59.9 bushels, was up 1.6 bushels from 1997. The area harvested for grain was estimated at 5.98 million acres, 7 percent less than a year ago. ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This report was approved on September 30, 1998. Richard E. Rominger Rich Allen ---------------------------- ---------------------------------- Acting Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board Agriculture Chairperson Richard E. Rominger Rich Allen Oats: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 40 45 35 20 23 17 AR : 30 20 10 25 17 9 CA : 300 350 330 30 35 30 CO : 80 70 90 35 28 25 GA : 70 70 50 35 40 25 ID : 60 80 80 25 20 30 IL : 90 100 85 70 75 70 IN : 40 60 50 25 35 30 IA : 285 330 280 190 245 185 KS : 130 130 110 80 80 60 ME : 31 28 25 28 25 23 MD : 9 15 9 7 11 7 MI : 70 100 120 60 90 105 MN : 320 410 350 270 310 310 MO : 52 40 22 29 27 13 MT : 100 140 140 50 70 60 NE : 165 130 150 105 70 85 NY : 90 120 115 75 110 105 NC : 50 55 40 20 25 20 ND : 530 700 730 380 400 420 OH : 120 130 120 90 100 100 OK : 50 85 65 18 45 30 OR : 80 80 65 35 30 35 PA : 160 190 190 135 160 160 SC : 50 50 40 30 30 25 SD : 450 430 470 360 310 350 TX : 650 550 600 100 110 130 UT : 45 50 50 9 9 9 WA : 28 35 30 14 17 15 WV : 6 6 6 3 4 4 WI : 430 510 430 300 330 300 WY : 50 60 45 32 30 20 : US : 4,661 5,169 4,932 2,685 2,911 2,807 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Oats: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AL : 45.0 50.0 48.0 900 1,150 816 AR : 72.0 75.0 80.0 1,800 1,275 720 CA : 75.0 70.0 75.0 2,250 2,450 2,250 CO : 52.0 68.0 70.0 1,820 1,904 1,750 GA : 64.0 56.0 53.0 2,240 2,240 1,325 ID : 75.0 75.0 75.0 1,875 1,500 2,250 IL : 66.0 74.0 56.0 4,620 5,550 3,920 IN : 64.0 60.0 50.0 1,600 2,100 1,500 IA : 68.0 73.0 59.0 12,920 17,885 10,915 KS : 52.0 64.0 45.0 4,160 5,120 2,700 ME : 75.0 70.0 75.0 2,100 1,750 1,725 MD : 62.0 60.0 50.0 434 660 350 MI : 60.0 61.0 46.0 3,600 5,490 4,830 MN : 56.0 58.0 63.0 15,120 17,980 19,530 MO : 53.0 62.0 47.0 1,537 1,674 611 MT : 40.0 55.0 54.0 2,000 3,850 3,240 NE : 71.0 65.0 56.0 7,455 4,550 4,760 NY : 57.0 70.0 62.0 4,275 7,700 6,510 NC : 60.0 68.0 58.0 1,200 1,700 1,160 ND : 50.0 45.0 62.0 19,000 18,000 26,040 OH : 57.0 78.0 65.0 5,130 7,800 6,500 OK : 36.0 46.0 41.0 648 2,070 1,230 OR : 97.0 95.0 110.0 3,395 2,850 3,850 PA : 56.0 59.0 53.0 7,560 9,440 8,480 SC : 54.0 60.0 45.0 1,620 1,800 1,125 SD : 60.0 55.0 67.0 21,600 17,050 23,450 TX : 34.0 52.0 53.0 3,400 5,720 6,890 UT : 72.0 74.0 70.0 648 666 630 WA : 80.0 80.0 75.0 1,120 1,360 1,125 WV : 50.0 50.0 50.0 150 200 200 WI : 58.0 63.0 61.0 17,400 20,790 18,300 WY : 53.0 61.0 62.0 1,696 1,830 1,240 : US : 57.8 60.5 60.5 155,273 176,104 169,922 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Barley: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 55 70 58 54 67 56 CA : 250 230 170 200 180 125 CO : 100 95 90 92 90 82 DE : 25 40 34 23 35 30 ID : 750 780 780 730 760 760 KS : 13 10 8 11 8 8 KY : 22 16 10 20 14 9 MD : 55 55 60 49 50 54 MI : 28 26 30 25 24 26 MN : 550 580 480 520 540 455 MT : 1,300 1,300 1,400 1,200 1,200 1,250 NE : 20 10 10 17 8 8 NV : 6 5 5 5 4 4 NJ : 3 5 6 3 4 4 NC : 25 24 25 20 20 20 ND : 2,650 2,400 2,000 2,600 2,250 1,930 OK : 6 10 6 3 8 5 OR : 160 130 150 150 120 130 PA : 80 80 80 75 75 75 SC : 5 4 4 4 3 3 SD : 160 145 130 145 130 115 TX : 16 10 10 11 5 5 UT : 110 100 95 100 95 85 VA : 90 80 90 75 65 70 WA : 450 500 530 440 490 520 WI : 90 80 80 75 65 65 WY : 125 125 115 120 115 90 : US : 7,144 6,910 6,456 6,767 6,425 5,984 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Barley: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AZ : 105.0 102.0 110.0 5,670 6,834 6,160 CA : 60.0 55.0 60.0 12,000 9,900 7,500 CO : 108.0 112.0 115.0 9,936 10,080 9,430 DE : 68.0 89.0 60.0 1,564 3,115 1,800 ID : 73.0 79.0 78.0 53,290 60,040 59,280 KS : 33.0 40.0 35.0 363 320 280 KY : 74.0 75.0 63.0 1,480 1,050 567 MD : 61.0 80.0 64.0 2,989 4,000 3,456 MI : 48.0 60.0 50.0 1,200 1,440 1,300 MN : 64.0 51.0 55.0 33,280 27,540 25,025 MT : 43.0 53.0 48.0 51,600 63,600 60,000 NE : 53.0 51.0 50.0 901 408 400 NV : 95.0 105.0 100.0 475 420 400 NJ : 60.0 75.0 58.0 180 300 232 NC : 65.0 70.0 57.0 1,300 1,400 1,140 ND : 55.0 45.0 55.0 143,000 101,250 106,150 OK : 23.0 42.0 47.0 69 336 235 OR : 64.0 69.0 62.0 9,600 8,280 8,060 PA : 67.0 68.0 67.0 5,025 5,100 5,025 SC : 50.0 60.0 47.0 200 180 141 SD : 44.0 38.0 48.0 6,380 4,940 5,520 TX : 34.0 47.0 43.0 374 235 215 UT : 82.0 86.0 83.0 8,200 8,170 7,055 VA : 68.0 85.0 61.0 5,100 5,525 4,270 WA : 62.0 76.0 65.0 27,280 37,240 33,800 WI : 53.0 55.0 52.0 3,975 3,575 3,380 WY : 86.0 80.0 82.0 10,320 9,200 7,380 : US : 58.5 58.3 59.9 395,751 374,478 358,201 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 110 140 120 80 100 85 AZ : 180 100 153 178 98 152 AR : 1,300 880 980 1,240 820 900 CA : 780 655 680 688 544 555 CO : 3,070 3,153 2,912 2,268 2,900 2,710 DE : 80 75 75 78 73 73 FL : 13 17 15 10 15 13 GA : 400 400 290 350 360 240 ID : 1,620 1,510 1,350 1,560 1,440 1,280 IL : 1,650 1,200 1,250 1,100 1,150 1,200 IN : 850 700 700 720 660 650 IA : 60 30 40 45 27 32 KS : 11,800 11,400 10,700 8,800 11,000 10,100 KY : 700 700 750 530 530 550 LA : 140 130 100 130 115 90 MD : 235 220 225 227 215 215 MI : 700 550 600 630 540 570 MN : 2,595 2,520 2,015 2,542 2,465 1,982 MS : 245 200 160 230 175 150 MO : 1,600 1,100 1,350 1,250 1,040 1,250 MT : 6,640 6,240 5,650 6,360 5,930 5,280 NE : 2,300 2,000 1,900 2,100 1,900 1,800 NV : 21 18 16 19 16 14 NJ : 46 35 48 38 34 44 NM : 470 430 415 110 285 265 NY : 160 140 140 150 135 130 NC : 630 730 730 590 670 680 ND : 12,680 11,570 9,770 12,515 11,025 9,610 OH : 1,400 1,200 1,200 1,330 1,090 1,160 OK : 7,000 6,800 6,800 4,900 5,400 5,100 OR : 990 1,005 920 955 970 885 PA : 195 180 195 190 175 190 SC : 280 310 265 270 300 240 SD : 4,325 4,170 3,475 3,854 3,469 3,294 TN : 620 560 570 400 370 370 TX : 6,000 6,300 6,100 2,900 4,100 3,900 UT : 205 200 183 188 189 177 VA : 300 280 280 275 250 245 WA : 2,800 2,700 2,670 2,745 2,595 2,565 WV : 14 13 11 11 9 8 WI : 157 153 148 135 142 142 WY : 260 275 234 236 256 216 : US : 75,621 70,989 66,185 62,927 63,577 59,112 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. All Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 44.0 42.0 42.0 3,520 4,200 3,570 AZ : 90.4 89.5 104.2 16,090 8,775 15,840 AR : 54.0 48.0 51.0 66,960 39,360 45,900 CA : 75.2 80.3 69.5 51,750 43,680 38,550 CO : 33.3 32.7 39.7 75,500 94,700 107,610 DE : 53.0 73.0 51.0 4,134 5,329 3,723 FL : 38.0 39.0 43.0 380 585 559 GA : 48.0 44.0 43.0 16,800 15,840 10,320 ID : 76.4 79.2 80.0 119,200 114,060 102,410 IL : 38.0 61.0 48.0 41,800 70,150 57,600 IN : 38.0 58.0 55.0 27,360 38,280 35,750 IA : 35.0 42.0 40.0 1,575 1,134 1,280 KS : 29.0 46.0 49.0 255,200 506,000 494,900 KY : 53.0 54.0 46.0 28,090 28,620 25,300 LA : 43.0 37.0 44.0 5,590 4,255 3,960 MD : 52.0 68.0 50.0 11,804 14,620 10,750 MI : 38.0 62.0 54.0 23,940 33,480 30,780 MN : 41.9 32.0 40.6 106,582 78,890 80,444 MS : 49.0 43.0 45.0 11,270 7,525 6,750 MO : 39.0 55.0 46.0 48,750 57,200 57,500 MT : 27.8 31.3 32.0 176,960 185,630 168,790 NE : 35.0 37.0 47.0 73,500 70,300 84,600 NV : 86.8 98.4 88.6 1,650 1,575 1,240 NJ : 46.0 60.0 52.0 1,748 2,040 2,288 NM : 37.0 35.0 30.0 4,070 9,975 7,950 NY : 43.0 56.0 54.0 6,450 7,560 7,020 NC : 44.0 52.0 41.0 25,960 34,840 27,880 ND : 31.6 24.3 32.3 395,130 267,695 310,650 OH : 39.0 63.0 64.0 51,870 68,670 74,240 OK : 19.0 33.0 39.0 93,100 178,200 198,900 OR : 70.8 65.4 65.9 67,605 63,430 58,280 PA : 48.0 52.0 51.0 9,120 9,100 9,690 SC : 45.0 50.0 32.0 12,150 15,000 7,680 SD : 36.1 28.6 36.7 139,270 99,213 120,884 TN : 44.0 45.0 41.0 17,600 16,650 15,170 TX : 26.0 29.0 35.0 75,400 118,900 136,500 UT : 41.3 48.5 51.8 7,760 9,174 9,174 VA : 53.0 68.0 45.0 14,575 17,000 11,025 WA : 66.5 64.8 61.4 182,670 168,080 157,425 WV : 45.0 54.0 57.0 495 486 456 WI : 42.4 56.9 53.8 5,725 8,075 7,635 WY : 25.6 32.3 30.2 6,030 8,276 6,524 : US : 36.3 39.7 43.3 2,285,133 2,526,552 2,557,497 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 110 140 120 80 100 85 AZ : 15 10 8 14 9 8 AR : 1,300 880 980 1,240 820 900 CA : 640 510 500 550 400 380 CO : 3,000 3,100 2,850 2,200 2,850 2,650 DE : 80 75 75 78 73 73 FL : 13 17 15 10 15 13 GA : 400 400 290 350 360 240 ID : 900 920 820 860 870 770 IL : 1,650 1,200 1,250 1,100 1,150 1,200 IN : 850 700 700 720 660 650 IA : 60 30 40 45 27 32 KS : 11,800 11,400 10,700 8,800 11,000 10,100 KY : 700 700 750 530 530 550 LA : 140 130 100 130 115 90 MD : 235 220 225 227 215 215 MI : 700 550 600 630 540 570 MN : 35 65 60 32 60 57 MS : 245 200 160 230 175 150 MO : 1,600 1,100 1,350 1,250 1,040 1,250 MT : 2,150 1,600 1,400 1,980 1,450 1,250 NE : 2,300 2,000 1,900 2,100 1,900 1,800 NV : 10 12 7 9 11 6 NJ : 46 35 48 38 34 44 NM : 470 430 415 110 285 265 NY : 160 140 140 150 135 130 NC : 630 730 730 590 670 680 ND : 80 70 70 75 55 60 OH : 1,400 1,200 1,200 1,330 1,090 1,160 OK : 7,000 6,800 6,800 4,900 5,400 5,100 OR : 880 870 820 850 840 790 PA : 195 180 195 190 175 190 SC : 280 310 265 270 300 240 SD : 2,000 1,650 1,500 1,580 1,050 1,420 TN : 620 560 570 400 370 370 TX : 6,000 6,300 6,100 2,900 4,100 3,900 UT : 175 170 155 160 160 150 VA : 300 280 280 275 250 245 WA : 2,400 2,250 2,200 2,350 2,150 2,100 WV : 14 13 11 11 9 8 WI : 145 145 140 125 135 135 WY : 230 250 220 210 235 205 : US : 51,958 48,342 46,759 39,679 41,813 40,231 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Winter Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 44.0 42.0 42.0 3,520 4,200 3,570 AZ : 95.0 85.0 90.0 1,330 765 720 AR : 54.0 48.0 51.0 66,960 39,360 45,900 CA : 69.0 75.0 60.0 37,950 30,000 22,800 CO : 32.0 32.0 39.0 70,400 91,200 103,350 DE : 53.0 73.0 51.0 4,134 5,329 3,723 FL : 38.0 39.0 43.0 380 585 559 GA : 48.0 44.0 43.0 16,800 15,840 10,320 ID : 80.0 80.0 82.0 68,800 69,600 63,140 IL : 38.0 61.0 48.0 41,800 70,150 57,600 IN : 38.0 58.0 55.0 27,360 38,280 35,750 IA : 35.0 42.0 40.0 1,575 1,134 1,280 KS : 29.0 46.0 49.0 255,200 506,000 494,900 KY : 53.0 54.0 46.0 28,090 28,620 25,300 LA : 43.0 37.0 44.0 5,590 4,255 3,960 MD : 52.0 68.0 50.0 11,804 14,620 10,750 MI : 38.0 62.0 54.0 23,940 33,480 30,780 MN : 36.0 32.0 27.0 1,152 1,920 1,539 MS : 49.0 43.0 45.0 11,270 7,525 6,750 MO : 39.0 55.0 46.0 48,750 57,200 57,500 MT : 32.0 39.0 39.0 63,360 56,550 48,750 NE : 35.0 37.0 47.0 73,500 70,300 84,600 NV : 100.0 100.0 100.0 900 1,100 600 NJ : 46.0 60.0 52.0 1,748 2,040 2,288 NM : 37.0 35.0 30.0 4,070 9,975 7,950 NY : 43.0 56.0 54.0 6,450 7,560 7,020 NC : 44.0 52.0 41.0 25,960 34,840 27,880 ND : 30.0 21.0 35.0 2,250 1,155 2,100 OH : 39.0 63.0 64.0 51,870 68,670 74,240 OK : 19.0 33.0 39.0 93,100 178,200 198,900 OR : 72.0 67.0 68.0 61,200 56,280 53,720 PA : 48.0 52.0 51.0 9,120 9,100 9,690 SC : 45.0 50.0 32.0 12,150 15,000 7,680 SD : 35.0 30.0 43.0 55,300 31,500 61,060 TN : 44.0 45.0 41.0 17,600 16,650 15,170 TX : 26.0 29.0 35.0 75,400 118,900 136,500 UT : 38.0 49.0 50.0 6,080 7,840 7,500 VA : 53.0 68.0 45.0 14,575 17,000 11,025 WA : 70.0 67.0 65.0 164,500 144,050 136,500 WV : 45.0 54.0 57.0 495 486 456 WI : 43.0 58.0 55.0 5,375 7,830 7,425 WY : 25.0 32.0 30.0 5,250 7,520 6,150 : US : 37.2 45.0 46.9 1,477,058 1,882,609 1,887,395 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Spring Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 70 53 62 68 50 60 ID : 720 590 530 700 570 510 MN : 2,550 2,450 1,950 2,500 2,400 1,920 MT : 4,200 4,350 3,800 4,100 4,200 3,600 NV : 11 6 9 10 5 8 ND : 9,600 8,800 6,700 9,500 8,400 6,600 OR : 110 135 100 105 130 95 SD : 2,300 2,500 1,950 2,250 2,400 1,850 UT : 30 30 28 28 29 27 WA : 400 450 470 395 445 465 WI : 12 8 8 10 7 7 WY : 30 25 14 26 21 11 : US : 20,033 19,397 15,621 19,692 18,657 15,153 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 1/ : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 1/ : 1998 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : CO : 75.0 70.0 71.0 5,100 3,500 4,260 ID : 72.0 78.0 77.0 50,400 44,460 39,270 MN : 42.0 32.0 41.0 105,000 76,800 78,720 MT : 26.0 29.0 30.0 106,600 121,800 108,000 NV : 75.0 95.0 80.0 750 475 640 ND : 33.0 25.0 32.0 313,500 210,000 211,200 OR : 61.0 55.0 48.0 6,405 7,150 4,560 SD : 37.0 28.0 32.0 83,250 67,200 59,200 UT : 60.0 46.0 62.0 1,680 1,334 1,674 WA : 46.0 54.0 45.0 18,170 24,030 20,925 WI : 35.0 35.0 30.0 350 245 210 WY : 30.0 36.0 34.0 780 756 374 : US : 35.1 29.9 34.9 691,985 557,750 529,033 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 165 90 145 164 89 144 CA : 140 145 180 138 144 175 MN : 10 5 5 10 5 5 MT : 290 290 450 280 280 430 ND : 3,000 2,700 3,000 2,940 2,570 2,950 SD : 25 20 25 24 19 24 : US : 3,630 3,250 3,805 3,556 3,107 3,728 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AZ : 90.0 90.0 105.0 14,760 8,010 15,120 CA : 100.0 95.0 90.0 13,800 13,680 15,750 MN : 43.0 34.0 37.0 430 170 185 MT : 25.0 26.0 28.0 7,000 7,280 12,040 ND : 27.0 22.0 33.0 79,380 56,540 97,350 SD : 30.0 27.0 26.0 720 513 624 : US : 32.6 27.7 37.8 116,090 86,193 141,069 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1996-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : White : Durum : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1996 : 761,412 422,019 293,627 630,866 61,119 116,090 2,285,133 1997 :1,120,891 483,890 277,828 500,643 57,107 86,193 2,526,552 1998 :1,188,117 443,167 256,111 487,098 41,935 141,069 2,557,497 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on the latest varietal acreage survey data available. Wheat: Class Percentage Estimates The following percentages are the basis for the U.S. wheat production by class estimates each year. These estimates are based on the latest varietal or class survey data available. These end-of-season percentages will be used during the 1999 forecast season. However, if an unusual situation significantly distorts a State's usual distribution, then updated percentages are used during the forecasts. (Note: the Idaho, Oregon, and Washington percentages are based on their estimates of production by class). Wheat: Acreage Distribution by Class and State, 1997-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Oth Spr (excl Durum) :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Hard Red : Soft Red : White : Hard Red : White :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AL : 100 100 AZ : 100 100 AR : 100 100 CA : 86 95 14 5 CO : 100 100 84 84 16 16 DE : 100 100 FL : 100 100 GA : 100 100 ID : 13 13 87 87 30 50 70 50 IL : 2 2 98 98 IN : 100 100 IA : 70 70 30 30 KS : 99 99 1 1 KY : 4 4 96 96 LA : 2 2 98 98 MD : 100 100 MI : 5 50 47 50 48 MN : 100 100 100 100 MS : 100 100 MO : 3 3 97 97 MT : 99 99 1 1 99 99 1 1 NE : 100 100 NV : 100 100 12 12 88 88 NJ : 100 100 NM : 100 100 NY : 1 1 2 2 97 97 NC : 100 100 ND : 100 100 100 100 OH : 100 100 OK : 99 99 1 1 OR : 2 3 98 97 15 17 85 83 PA : 100 100 SC : 100 100 SD : 100 100 100 100 TN : 100 100 TX : 94 94 6 6 UT : 93 93 7 7 71 71 29 29 VA : 100 100 WA : 9 9 91 91 28 25 72 75 WV : 100 100 WI : 93 93 7 7 100 100 WY : 100 100 97 97 3 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in ten winter wheat estimating states during this year. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are derived from actual field counts. Winter Wheat: Heads per Square Foot, Selected States, 1994-98 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 1994 : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : CO : July : 41.6 52.9 33.5 41.5 40.3 : Final : 41.6 51.6 33.5 41.3 39.3 : : IL : July : 45.8 56.4 40.2 56.7 51.1 : Final : 45.8 56.4 40.2 56.6 51.2 : : KS : July : 49.6 54.5 35.5 48.1 51.3 : Final : 49.6 55.0 35.6 48.1 51.3 : : MO : July : 39.4 49.8 42.8 30.9 43.6 : Final : 39.4 49.8 43.3 32.3 43.6 : : MT : July : 31.0 31.0 29.3 30.9 37.2 : Final : 31.4 33.7 28.7 32.3 38.8 : : NE : July : 45.7 60.3 42.9 48.4 56.4 : Final : 45.9 58.8 42.6 47.9 56.7 : : OH : July : 47.1 53.9 43.1 53.6 55.4 : Final : 47.1 52.9 43.6 53.5 55.1 : : OK : July : 48.0 43.4 32.5 52.8 39.9 : Final : 48.0 43.4 32.5 53.2 40.1 : : TX : July : 35.6 37.9 32.2 42.9 39.6 : Final : 35.8 38.2 32.3 42.3 39.7 : : WA : July : 32.0 29.3 38.1 32.8 38.2 : Final : 31.9 29.3 37.9 32.9 37.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rye: Area Planted and Harvested by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 28 28 33 3 3 4 GA : 300 300 250 70 65 50 IL : 50 55 50 6 8 9 IN : 20 15 15 2 2 2 KS : 60 50 80 5 10 15 MD : 25 25 25 2 3 3 MI : 80 80 65 13 16 15 MN : 25 25 30 20 21 27 NE : 50 45 45 22 17 17 NJ : 25 20 38 3 5 5 NY : 49 40 50 8 8 15 NC : 90 80 90 20 15 20 ND : 20 25 65 16 23 61 OH : 35 30 35 3 3 4 OK : 200 200 300 60 55 90 PA : 60 50 60 6 10 15 SC : 40 35 30 20 15 20 SD : 40 40 50 36 35 45 TX : 120 130 120 10 10 20 VA : 80 80 80 10 5 5 WI : 70 80 80 12 12 12 : US : 1,467 1,433 1,591 347 341 454 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Rye: Yield and Production by State and United States, 1996-98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- ------- 1,000 Bushels ------- : CO : 25.0 23.0 28.0 75 69 112 GA : 26.0 22.0 21.0 1,820 1,430 1,050 IL : 31.0 30.0 37.0 186 240 333 IN : 22.0 32.0 38.0 44 64 76 KS : 30.0 30.0 25.0 150 300 375 MD : 25.0 21.0 32.0 50 63 96 MI : 27.0 26.0 28.0 351 416 420 MN : 24.0 26.0 31.0 480 546 837 NE : 19.0 20.0 24.0 418 340 408 NJ : 27.0 35.0 33.0 81 175 165 NY : 28.0 32.0 35.0 224 256 525 NC : 25.0 28.0 22.0 500 420 440 ND : 33.0 29.0 38.0 528 667 2,318 OH : 31.0 43.0 35.0 93 129 140 OK : 15.0 23.0 21.0 900 1,265 1,890 PA : 36.0 40.0 33.0 216 400 495 SC : 26.0 29.0 20.0 520 435 400 SD : 41.0 21.0 40.0 1,476 735 1,800 TX : 19.0 33.0 20.0 190 330 400 VA : 33.0 40.0 35.0 330 200 175 WI : 32.0 36.0 30.0 384 432 360 : US : 26.0 26.1 28.2 9,016 8,912 12,815 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 1996-98 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 4,661 5,169 4,932 Barley : 7,144 6,910 6,456 All Wheat : 75,621 70,989 66,185 Winter : 51,958 48,342 46,759 Durum : 3,630 3,250 3,805 Other Spring : 20,033 19,397 15,621 Rye : 1,467 1,433 1,591 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 1996-98 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 2,685 2,911 2,807 Barley : 6,767 6,425 5,984 All Wheat : 62,927 63,577 59,112 Winter : 39,679 41,813 40,231 Durum : 3,556 3,107 3,728 Other Spring : 19,692 18,657 15,153 Rye : 347 341 454 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 1996-98 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 / : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bushels : Oats : 57.8 60.5 60.5 Barley : 58.5 58.3 59.9 All Wheat : 36.3 39.7 43.3 Winter : 37.2 45.0 46.9 Durum : 32.6 27.7 37.8 Other Spring : 35.1 29.9 34.9 Rye : 26.0 26.1 28.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 1996-98 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : Oats : 155,273 176,104 169,922 Barley : 395,751 374,478 358,201 All Wheat : 2,285,133 2,526,552 2,557,497 Winter : 1,477,058 1,882,609 1,887,395 Durum : 116,090 86,193 141,069 Other Spring : 691,985 557,750 529,033 Rye : 9,016 8,912 12,815 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 1996-98 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 1,886,260 2,091,840 1,995,930 Barley : 2,891,110 2,796,410 2,612,680 All Wheat : 30,603,060 28,728,540 26,784,410 Winter : 21,026,880 19,563,520 18,922,900 Durum : 1,469,020 1,315,240 1,539,850 Other Spring : 8,107,150 7,849,770 6,321,660 Rye : 593,680 579,920 643,860 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 1996-98 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 1,086,590 1,178,050 1,135,960 Barley : 2,738,540 2,600,130 2,421,660 All Wheat : 25,465,930 25,728,980 23,922,040 Winter : 16,057,690 16,921,300 16,281,080 Durum : 1,439,080 1,257,370 1,508,680 Other Spring : 7,969,160 7,550,300 6,132,270 Rye : 140,430 138,000 183,730 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 1996-98 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 2.07 2.17 2.17 Barley : 3.15 3.14 3.22 All Wheat : 2.44 2.67 2.91 Winter : 2.50 3.03 3.15 Durum : 2.20 1.87 2.54 Other Spring : 2.36 2.01 2.35 Rye : 1.63 1.64 1.77 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 1996-98 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 2,253,780 2,556,140 2,466,410 Barley : 8,616,460 8,153,300 7,798,910 All Wheat : 62,191,130 68,761,480 69,603,660 Winter : 40,198,930 51,236,220 51,366,470 Durum : 3,159,450 2,345,790 3,839,270 Other Spring : 18,832,750 15,179,470 14,397,920 Rye : 229,020 226,380 325,520 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oats: Oat production for the 1998 crop year is estimated at 170 million bushels, 4 percent below the August 1 forecast, and 3 percent smaller than the 1997 production. If realized, this would be the third smallest crop since records were first kept in 1866, exceeding the 1995 production by 5 percent and the 1996 production by 9 percent. The estimated yield, at 60.5 bushels per acre, is up 0.1 bushels from the August forecast and equal to last year. Area harvested for grain in 1998 is 2.81 million acres, 4 percent below the previous month and 3 percent below 1997. If realized, this would be the second smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, exceeding only the 1996 harvested acreage. Hot, dry weather during July and August promoted rapid crop development, but also dimmed yield and grain quality prospects in several Corn Belt and Great Plains States. These factors, combined with grass and hay shortages, encouraged growers to harvest additional oat acres for hay. In Oregon, a record average yield was recorded due to nearly ideal weather conditions. The early ripening of the crop allowed the harvest season to begin early and dry conditions during August allowed the harvest to progress well ahead of normal. By late August, harvest was virtually complete in the major oat-producing States. Barley: Production in 1998 was estimated at 358 million bushels, down 4 percent from last year's estimate. Average yield per acre, at 59.9 bushels, was up 1.6 bushels from 1997. The area harvested for grain is estimated at 5.98 million acres, 7 percent less than a year ago. Production was 4 percent below the September 1 forecast. Area harvested decreased 2 percent from the previous forecast, and the average yield per acre declined 1.4 bushels. North Dakota continued to rank as the number one barley producing State, followed by Montana, Idaho, Washington, and Minnesota. These five States produced over three-fourths of the 1998 barley crop. Harvest in North Dakota was almost complete by September 6 and three weeks ahead of normal. North Dakota yields increased 10 bushels from 1997, to 55.0 bushels per acre. Yields in Montana dropped 5 bushels from 1997 due to lack of adequate moisture received during the growing season. Spring field preparation progressed two to three weeks ahead of normal across Washington. By the end of August, harvest was 92 percent complete same as last year but ahead of normal. Average yield in Washington, at 65.0 bushels per acre, decreased 11 bushels per acre from last year. Winter Wheat: The 1998 winter wheat crop production was estimated at 1.89 billion bushels. This is down 1 percent from the August forecast, but fractionally higher than the 1997 level. The U.S. yield dropped a tenth from August to 46.9 bushels per acre, but is still a new record high average, nearly two bushels higher than last year's former record. Acreage for grain was estimated at 40.2 million acres, down 1 and 4 percent from last month and last year, respectively. Almost all the decrease in grain area comes from Colorado, Oklahoma, and Texas. Hard Red Winter yields were generally unchanged from the last forecast. A new Kansas record yield was confirmed along with record setting, or tying averages in Colorado, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas and Utah. Montana's yield is up two bushels from August. Soft Red Winter yields per acre averaged a little less than was projected on August 1. Many southeastern and mid-Atlantic states' yields declined from the last forecast. Ohio's average is a new high. Oregon yields turned out lower than expected. Idaho's record high yield remained unchanged. Washington growers harvested a good quality crop, but low test weights resulted in a drop in the final average yield. Other Spring Wheat: Production in 1998 was estimated at 529 million bushels, up 2 percent from the last forecast, but 5 percent less than in 1997. An increase in area harvested accounts for the production change. Harvested area is now 15.2 million acres, down 19 percent from last year. The U.S. yield was 34.9 bushels per acre, equaling the last forecast and 5.0 bushels higher than in 1997. The northern Plains harvest was essentially finished the week of September 6; most Pacific Northwest fields were finished a week to 10 days later. Washington's average yield was down from the last forecast; quality was rated as fair. Hard Red Spring state yields were generally unchanged from September. Objective Yield survey data showed plant populations at above average levels in Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota. Final weight per head was higher in Montana, while the North Dakota average dipped slightly. Durum Wheat: Durum production for 1998 totaled 141 million bushels, up 7 percent from September 1 and 64 percent higher than last year. This is the largest Durum crop since 1982. Grain area now totals 3.73 million acres, up 20 percent from last year. The U.S. yield was placed at 37.8 bushels per acre, up a bushel from the last forecast to the second highest on record. North Dakota's Durum harvest was essentially complete by mid-September, nearly three weeks ahead of the last several years average progress. Rye: Production for 1998 was estimated at 12.8 million bushels. This is the largest level since 1989 and is 44 percent higher than in 1997. Harvested area was 454,000 acres, up 33 percent from a year ago. The U.S. yield, at 28.5 bushels per acre, is up 2.2 bushels from last season and is the best since 1992. The next "Small Grains 1998 Summary" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on September 30, 1999. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) 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