United States Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service Cr Pr 2-3 (99) Small Grains 1999 Summary September 1999 All wheat production totaled 2.32 billion bushels in 1999, up less than 1 percent from the last forecast, but down 9 percent from 1998. Most of the production increase from the last forecast is due to the change in winter wheat production. Grain area is 54.3 million acres, down 8 percent from last year. The U.S. yield is 42.7 bushels per acre, down half a bushel from last year's record high. Oats production for the 1999 crop year is forecast at 147.9 million bushels, 11 percent smaller than the 1998 production. This is the lowest production since records were first kept in 1866. The forecasted yield, at 60.0 bushels per acre, is slightly below last year's 60.2 bushel yield. Area harvested and to be harvested for grain in 1999 is 2.47 million acres, 11 percent below 1998. This is the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record. Barley production in 1999 is estimated at 284 million bushels, up 1 percent from the last forecast but down 19 percent from last year's estimate. This is the lowest production since 1953. Average yield per acre, at 59.5 bushels, is down 0.5 bushels from 1998. The area harvested for grain is estimated at 4.78 million acres, 19 percent less than a year ago. This is the lowest acreage since 1900. This report was approved on September 30, 1999. Acting Secretary of Agriculture Richard E. Rominger Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Rich Allen Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-3843 Rhonda Brandt - Corn (202) 720-9526 Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688 Lance Honig - Barley, Hay, Sorghum (202) 690-3234 Jay Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944 Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621 Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369 Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068 Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section Dean Groskurth, Head (202) 720-3843 Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285 Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412 Howard Hill - Apples, Cherries, Berries, Prunes, Plums, Grapes Cranberries, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235 Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270 Harry Nishimoto - Hops (360) 902-1940 Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215 Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157 Oats: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 35 35 40 20 17 20 AR : 12 10 13 10 9 11 CA : 350 320 275 30 30 30 CO : 70 90 50 25 25 20 GA : 65 50 60 30 25 25 ID : 80 80 80 21 30 25 IL : 100 85 75 75 70 60 IN : 60 50 40 30 30 25 IA : 330 280 250 230 185 175 KS : 130 110 120 80 60 70 ME : 26 25 27 23 24 22 MD : 9 9 8 7 7 5 MI : 95 110 100 80 100 75 MN : 400 350 360 300 310 300 MO : 40 22 35 25 13 22 MT : 140 140 170 70 60 70 NE : 160 170 135 90 95 75 NY : 100 115 100 90 105 70 NC : 55 40 60 25 20 30 ND : 700 730 650 425 420 340 OH : 120 120 120 90 100 100 OK : 75 60 75 40 20 30 OR : 80 65 40 31 35 20 PA : 185 190 170 155 160 145 SC : 50 40 55 25 25 35 SD : 380 420 320 270 300 200 TX : 550 600 670 130 130 110 UT : 50 50 45 10 9 9 WA : 35 30 30 17 15 15 WV : 6 6 7 4 4 2 WI : 510 430 430 320 300 300 WY : 70 60 60 35 22 29 : US : 5,068 4,892 4,670 2,813 2,755 2,465 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Oats: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AL : 48.0 48.0 44.0 960 816 880 AR : 75.0 80.0 91.0 750 720 1,001 CA : 80.0 75.0 85.0 2,400 2,250 2,550 CO : 68.0 70.0 65.0 1,700 1,750 1,300 GA : 56.0 53.0 55.0 1,680 1,325 1,375 ID : 75.0 75.0 68.0 1,575 2,250 1,700 IL : 74.0 56.0 71.0 5,550 3,920 4,260 IN : 60.0 50.0 65.0 1,800 1,500 1,625 IA : 73.0 59.0 65.0 16,790 10,915 11,375 KS : 59.0 45.0 47.0 4,720 2,700 3,290 ME : 73.0 73.0 80.0 1,679 1,752 1,760 MD : 55.0 50.0 51.0 385 350 255 MI : 61.0 48.0 65.0 4,880 4,800 4,875 MN : 58.0 63.0 59.0 17,400 19,530 17,700 MO : 61.0 47.0 46.0 1,525 611 1,012 MT : 55.0 54.0 49.0 3,850 3,240 3,430 NE : 65.0 56.0 62.0 5,850 5,320 4,650 NY : 65.0 62.0 68.0 5,850 6,510 4,760 NC : 64.0 58.0 68.0 1,600 1,160 2,040 ND : 44.0 60.0 53.0 18,700 25,200 18,020 OH : 74.0 65.0 70.0 6,660 6,500 7,000 OK : 44.0 41.0 43.0 1,760 820 1,290 OR : 92.0 110.0 100.0 2,852 3,850 2,000 PA : 58.0 53.0 55.0 8,990 8,480 7,975 SC : 56.0 45.0 52.0 1,400 1,125 1,820 SD : 55.0 67.0 64.0 14,850 20,100 12,800 TX : 52.0 53.0 44.0 6,760 6,890 4,840 UT : 72.0 70.0 75.0 720 630 675 WA : 80.0 75.0 75.0 1,360 1,125 1,125 WV : 50.0 50.0 48.0 200 200 96 WI : 63.0 61.0 62.0 20,160 18,300 18,600 WY : 54.0 61.0 63.0 1,890 1,342 1,827 : US : 59.5 60.2 60.0 167,246 165,981 147,906 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Barley: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 70 58 63 67 56 62 CA : 230 170 170 150 125 125 CO : 95 90 95 89 82 86 DE : 40 34 30 35 30 26 ID : 770 780 710 750 760 690 KS : 10 8 16 8 8 13 KY : 9 8 9 7 7 8 MD : 55 60 55 50 54 50 MI : 25 27 23 22 23 21 MN : 500 440 200 460 415 180 MT : 1,250 1,350 1,300 1,150 1,200 1,150 NE : 10 10 5 9 8 3 NV : 5 5 5 5 4 4 NJ : 5 6 6 4 4 4 NC : 24 25 24 20 20 19 ND : 2,400 2,000 1,350 2,250 1,930 1,260 OK : 6 7 4 5 5 3 OR : 126 150 145 116 130 135 PA : 72 80 75 68 75 70 SC : 4 4 3 3 3 2 SD : 130 115 80 120 95 74 TX : 10 10 15 5 5 10 UT : 100 95 90 95 85 83 VA : 75 90 80 60 70 60 WA : 490 530 500 480 520 490 WI : 80 80 80 65 65 65 WY : 115 105 90 105 85 85 : US : 6,706 6,337 5,223 6,198 5,864 4,778 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Barley: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AZ : 102.0 110.0 114.0 6,834 6,160 7,068 CA : 57.0 60.0 64.0 8,550 7,500 8,000 CO : 108.0 115.0 105.0 9,612 9,430 9,030 DE : 89.0 60.0 84.0 3,115 1,800 2,184 ID : 79.0 78.0 78.0 59,250 59,280 53,820 KS : 42.0 35.0 45.0 336 280 585 KY : 70.0 63.0 80.0 490 441 640 MD : 80.0 64.0 80.0 4,000 3,456 4,000 MI : 58.0 50.0 66.0 1,276 1,150 1,386 MN : 51.0 55.0 47.0 23,460 22,825 8,460 MT : 53.0 48.0 50.0 60,950 57,600 57,500 NE : 51.0 50.0 48.0 459 400 144 NV : 100.0 100.0 90.0 500 400 360 NJ : 74.0 58.0 79.0 296 232 316 NC : 68.0 57.0 80.0 1,360 1,140 1,520 ND : 45.0 55.0 49.0 101,250 106,150 61,740 OK : 42.0 47.0 39.0 210 235 117 OR : 69.0 62.0 51.0 8,004 8,060 6,885 PA : 67.0 67.0 71.0 4,556 5,025 4,970 SC : 60.0 47.0 60.0 180 141 120 SD : 38.0 48.0 48.0 4,560 4,560 3,552 TX : 47.0 43.0 35.0 235 215 350 UT : 84.0 83.0 82.0 7,980 7,055 6,806 VA : 82.0 61.0 82.0 4,920 4,270 4,920 WA : 74.0 65.0 59.0 35,520 33,800 28,910 WI : 55.0 52.0 52.0 3,575 3,380 3,380 WY : 80.0 84.0 86.0 8,400 7,140 7,310 : US : 58.1 60.0 59.5 359,878 352,125 284,073 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 130 120 140 90 85 90 AZ : 100 153 86 98 152 85 AR : 880 980 970 820 900 920 CA : 655 680 590 544 555 455 CO : 3,053 2,812 2,653 2,750 2,610 2,450 DE : 75 75 75 73 73 70 FL : 20 15 10 17 13 9 GA : 400 290 300 350 240 225 ID : 1,500 1,350 1,420 1,430 1,280 1,350 IL : 1,150 1,250 1,050 1,090 1,200 1,010 IN : 700 700 550 630 650 510 IA : 27 40 40 25 32 31 KS : 11,400 10,700 10,000 10,900 10,100 9,200 KY : 650 750 650 420 550 410 LA : 130 100 110 115 90 105 MD : 215 225 215 210 215 200 MI : 530 600 610 520 570 600 MN : 2,520 2,015 2,195 2,415 1,982 2,140 MS : 200 160 180 175 150 165 MO : 1,150 1,350 980 1,080 1,250 920 MT : 6,150 5,650 5,600 5,840 5,280 5,360 NE : 2,000 1,900 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,800 NV : 21 16 17 19 14 15 NJ : 40 48 42 38 44 33 NM : 430 415 445 285 265 270 NY : 135 140 130 130 130 125 NC : 730 730 650 670 680 580 ND : 11,625 9,770 9,410 11,095 9,610 8,907 OH : 1,180 1,200 1,050 1,090 1,160 1,030 OK : 6,700 6,600 6,400 5,300 5,100 4,300 OR : 955 910 870 935 885 783 PA : 180 195 195 175 190 190 SC : 310 265 225 300 240 220 SD : 4,020 3,425 3,105 3,419 3,294 3,024 TN : 550 570 500 360 370 310 TX : 6,300 6,100 6,200 4,100 3,900 3,400 UT : 195 179 176 189 173 170 VA : 280 280 280 260 245 240 WA : 2,690 2,670 2,525 2,580 2,565 2,290 WV : 13 11 11 9 8 7 WI : 163 148 133 152 142 127 WY : 260 234 210 242 210 193 : US : 70,412 65,821 62,998 62,840 59,002 54,319 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. All Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 42.0 42.0 48.0 3,780 3,570 4,320 AZ : 89.5 104.2 97.9 8,775 15,840 8,325 AR : 48.0 51.0 56.0 39,360 45,900 51,520 CA : 76.6 69.5 83.0 41,680 38,550 37,785 CO : 32.8 39.6 43.8 90,100 103,470 107,200 DE : 73.0 51.0 57.0 5,329 3,723 3,990 FL : 39.0 43.0 40.0 663 559 360 GA : 44.0 43.0 43.0 15,400 10,320 9,675 ID : 79.6 80.0 77.4 113,830 102,410 104,520 IL : 61.0 48.0 60.0 66,490 57,600 60,600 IN : 58.0 55.0 66.0 36,540 35,750 33,660 IA : 42.0 44.0 43.0 1,050 1,408 1,333 KS : 46.0 49.0 47.0 501,400 494,900 432,400 KY : 54.0 45.0 60.0 22,680 24,750 24,600 LA : 37.0 44.0 47.0 4,255 3,960 4,935 MD : 68.0 50.0 60.0 14,280 10,750 12,000 MI : 62.0 54.0 69.0 32,240 30,780 41,400 MN : 32.0 40.6 39.8 77,300 80,444 85,210 MS : 43.0 45.0 50.0 7,525 6,750 8,250 MO : 54.0 46.0 48.0 58,320 57,500 44,160 MT : 31.1 32.0 29.1 181,540 168,790 155,780 NE : 37.0 46.0 48.0 70,300 82,800 86,400 NV : 98.7 88.6 91.7 1,875 1,240 1,375 NJ : 60.0 52.0 56.0 2,280 2,288 1,848 NM : 35.0 30.0 38.0 9,975 7,950 10,260 NY : 56.0 54.0 65.0 7,280 7,020 8,125 NC : 51.0 41.0 49.0 34,170 27,880 28,420 ND : 24.3 32.0 28.2 269,290 307,700 251,359 OH : 63.0 64.0 70.0 68,670 74,240 72,100 OK : 32.0 39.0 35.0 169,600 198,900 150,500 OR : 64.6 65.0 44.3 60,390 57,490 34,659 PA : 52.0 51.0 54.0 9,100 9,690 10,260 SC : 50.0 32.0 43.0 15,000 7,680 9,460 SD : 28.7 36.7 39.9 98,013 120,884 120,582 TN : 45.0 41.0 54.0 16,200 15,170 16,740 TX : 29.0 35.0 36.0 118,900 136,500 122,400 UT : 46.3 51.1 52.6 8,742 8,834 8,940 VA : 67.0 45.0 57.0 17,420 11,025 13,680 WA : 64.0 61.4 54.2 165,120 157,425 124,140 WV : 54.0 57.0 57.0 486 456 399 WI : 56.1 53.8 58.9 8,531 7,635 7,480 WY : 31.4 32.3 33.4 7,587 6,790 6,441 : US : 39.5 43.2 42.7 2,481,466 2,547,321 2,317,591 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 130 120 140 90 85 90 AZ : 10 8 11 9 8 10 AR : 880 980 970 820 900 920 CA : 510 500 500 400 380 370 CO : 3,000 2,750 2,600 2,700 2,550 2,400 DE : 75 75 75 73 73 70 FL : 20 15 10 17 13 9 GA : 400 290 300 350 240 225 ID : 910 820 760 860 770 710 IL : 1,150 1,250 1,050 1,090 1,200 1,010 IN : 700 700 550 630 650 510 IA : 27 40 40 25 32 31 KS : 11,400 10,700 10,000 10,900 10,100 9,200 KY : 650 750 650 420 550 410 LA : 130 100 110 115 90 105 MD : 215 225 215 210 215 200 MI : 530 600 610 520 570 600 MN : 65 60 40 60 57 35 MS : 200 160 180 175 150 165 MO : 1,150 1,350 980 1,080 1,250 920 MT : 1,600 1,400 1,050 1,450 1,250 970 NE : 2,000 1,900 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,800 NV : 15 7 11 14 6 10 NJ : 40 48 42 38 44 33 NM : 430 415 445 285 265 270 NY : 135 140 130 130 130 125 NC : 730 730 650 670 680 580 ND : 75 70 60 65 60 57 OH : 1,180 1,200 1,050 1,090 1,160 1,030 OK : 6,700 6,600 6,400 5,300 5,100 4,300 OR : 830 810 710 815 790 630 PA : 180 195 195 175 190 190 SC : 310 265 225 300 240 220 SD : 1,650 1,500 1,300 1,150 1,420 1,260 TN : 550 570 500 360 370 310 TX : 6,300 6,100 6,200 4,100 3,900 3,400 UT : 170 155 150 165 150 145 VA : 280 280 280 260 245 240 WA : 2,250 2,200 1,900 2,150 2,100 1,670 WV : 13 11 11 9 8 7 WI : 155 140 125 145 135 120 WY : 240 220 200 225 200 185 : US : 47,985 46,449 43,425 41,340 40,126 35,542 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Winter Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 42.0 42.0 48.0 3,780 3,570 4,320 AZ : 85.0 90.0 105.0 765 720 1,050 AR : 48.0 51.0 56.0 39,360 45,900 51,520 CA : 70.0 60.0 78.0 28,000 22,800 28,860 CO : 32.0 39.0 43.0 86,400 99,450 103,200 DE : 73.0 51.0 57.0 5,329 3,723 3,990 FL : 39.0 43.0 40.0 663 559 360 GA : 44.0 43.0 43.0 15,400 10,320 9,675 ID : 80.0 82.0 76.0 68,800 63,140 53,960 IL : 61.0 48.0 60.0 66,490 57,600 60,600 IN : 58.0 55.0 66.0 36,540 35,750 33,660 IA : 42.0 44.0 43.0 1,050 1,408 1,333 KS : 46.0 49.0 47.0 501,400 494,900 432,400 KY : 54.0 45.0 60.0 22,680 24,750 24,600 LA : 37.0 44.0 47.0 4,255 3,960 4,935 MD : 68.0 50.0 60.0 14,280 10,750 12,000 MI : 62.0 54.0 69.0 32,240 30,780 41,400 MN : 32.0 27.0 30.0 1,920 1,539 1,050 MS : 43.0 45.0 50.0 7,525 6,750 8,250 MO : 54.0 46.0 48.0 58,320 57,500 44,160 MT : 38.0 39.0 38.0 55,100 48,750 36,860 NE : 37.0 46.0 48.0 70,300 82,800 86,400 NV : 100.0 100.0 95.0 1,400 600 950 NJ : 60.0 52.0 56.0 2,280 2,288 1,848 NM : 35.0 30.0 38.0 9,975 7,950 10,260 NY : 56.0 54.0 65.0 7,280 7,020 8,125 NC : 51.0 41.0 49.0 34,170 27,880 28,420 ND : 22.0 35.0 37.0 1,430 2,100 2,109 OH : 63.0 64.0 70.0 68,670 74,240 72,100 OK : 32.0 39.0 35.0 169,600 198,900 150,500 OR : 66.0 67.0 47.0 53,790 52,930 29,610 PA : 52.0 51.0 54.0 9,100 9,690 10,260 SC : 50.0 32.0 43.0 15,000 7,680 9,460 SD : 30.0 43.0 47.0 34,500 61,060 59,220 TN : 45.0 41.0 54.0 16,200 15,170 16,740 TX : 29.0 35.0 36.0 118,900 136,500 122,400 UT : 46.0 50.0 52.0 7,590 7,500 7,540 VA : 67.0 45.0 57.0 17,420 11,025 13,680 WA : 66.0 65.0 58.0 141,900 136,500 96,860 WV : 54.0 57.0 57.0 486 456 399 WI : 57.0 55.0 60.0 8,265 7,425 7,200 WY : 31.0 32.0 33.0 6,975 6,400 6,105 : US : 44.6 46.9 47.8 1,845,528 1,880,733 1,698,369 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Spring Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 53 62 53 50 60 50 ID : 590 530 660 570 510 640 MN : 2,450 1,950 2,150 2,350 1,920 2,100 MT : 4,250 3,800 4,150 4,100 3,600 4,000 NV : 6 9 6 5 8 5 ND : 8,800 6,700 5,900 8,400 6,600 5,600 OR : 125 100 160 120 95 153 SD : 2,350 1,900 1,750 2,250 1,850 1,710 UT : 25 24 26 24 23 25 WA : 440 470 625 430 465 620 WI : 8 8 8 7 7 7 WY : 20 14 10 17 10 8 : US : 19,117 15,567 15,498 18,323 15,148 14,918 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : CO : 74.0 67.0 80.0 3,700 4,020 4,000 ID : 79.0 77.0 79.0 45,030 39,270 50,560 MN : 32.0 41.0 40.0 75,200 78,720 84,000 MT : 29.0 30.0 27.0 118,900 108,000 108,000 NV : 95.0 80.0 85.0 475 640 425 ND : 25.0 32.0 30.0 210,000 211,200 168,000 OR : 55.0 48.0 33.0 6,600 4,560 5,049 SD : 28.0 32.0 35.0 63,000 59,200 59,850 UT : 48.0 58.0 56.0 1,152 1,334 1,400 WA : 54.0 45.0 44.0 23,220 20,925 27,280 WI : 38.0 30.0 40.0 266 210 280 WY : 36.0 39.0 42.0 612 390 336 : US : 29.9 34.9 34.1 548,155 528,469 509,180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 90 145 75 89 144 75 CA : 145 180 90 144 175 85 MN : 5 5 5 5 5 5 MT : 300 450 400 290 430 390 ND : 2,750 3,000 3,450 2,630 2,950 3,250 SD : 20 25 55 19 24 54 : US : 3,310 3,805 4,075 3,177 3,728 3,859 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AZ : 90.0 105.0 97.0 8,010 15,120 7,275 CA : 95.0 90.0 105.0 13,680 15,750 8,925 MN : 36.0 37.0 32.0 180 185 160 MT : 26.0 28.0 28.0 7,540 12,040 10,920 ND : 22.0 32.0 25.0 57,860 94,400 81,250 SD : 27.0 26.0 28.0 513 624 1,512 : US : 27.6 37.0 28.5 87,783 138,119 110,042 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1997-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Spring : :-------------------------------------------------------------: Year : Hard : Soft : : Hard : : : Total : Red : Red : White : Red : White : Durum : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 1997 :1,098,303 471,987 275,238 491,324 56,831 87,783 2,481,466 1998 :1,179,452 442,677 258,604 486,370 42,099 138,119 2,547,321 1999 :1,054,996 451,801 191,572 453,978 55,202 110,042 2,317,591 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on the latest varietal acreage survey data available. Wheat: Class Percentage Estimates The following percentages are the basis for the U.S. wheat production by class estimates each year. These estimates are based on the latest varietal or class survey data available. These end-of-season percentages will be used during the 2000 forecast season. However, if an unusual situation significantly distorts a State's usual distribution, then updated percentages are used during the forecasts. (Note: the Idaho, Oregon, and Washington percentages are based on their estimates of production by class). Wheat: Acreage Distribution by Class and State, 1998-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter : Oth Spr (excl Durum) :----------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Hard Red : Soft Red : White : Hard Red : White :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AL : 100 100 AZ : 100 100 AR : 100 100 CA : 95 95 5 5 CO : 100 100 84 84 16 16 DE : 100 100 FL : 100 100 GA : 100 100 ID : 13 16 87 84 50 43 50 57 IL : 2 2 98 98 IN : 100 100 IA : 70 70 30 30 KS : 99 99 1 1 KY : 4 4 96 96 LA : 2 2 98 98 MD : 100 100 MI : 5 3 47 58 48 39 MN : 100 100 100 100 MS : 100 100 MO : 3 3 97 97 MT : 99 99 1 1 99 99 1 1 NE : 100 100 NV : 100 100 12 12 88 88 NJ : 100 100 NM : 100 100 NY : 1 1 2 2 97 97 NC : 100 100 ND : 100 100 100 100 OH : 100 100 OK : 99 99 1 1 OR : 2 1 98 99 15 27 85 73 PA : 100 100 SC : 100 100 SD : 100 100 100 100 TN : 100 100 TX : 94 94 6 6 UT : 93 93 7 7 71 71 29 29 VA : 100 100 WA : 7 8 93 92 24 26 76 74 WV : 100 100 WI : 93 93 7 7 100 100 WY : 100 100 97 97 3 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 12 winter wheat estimating states during the year; Idaho and Oregon were added back. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are derived actual field counts. Winter Wheat: Heads per Square Foot, Selected States, 1995-99 1/ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 1995 : 1996 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : CO : July : 52.9 33.5 41.5 40.3 42.1 : Final : 51.6 33.5 41.3 39.3 43.4 : : ID : July : 44.6 45.0 : Final : 44.0 44.1 : : IL : July : 56.4 40.2 56.7 51.1 59.7 : Final : 56.4 40.2 56.6 51.2 59.6 : : KS : July : 54.5 35.5 48.1 51.3 49.4 : Final : 55.0 35.6 48.1 51.3 49.4 : : MO : July : 49.8 42.8 30.9 43.6 47.0 : Final : 49.8 43.3 32.3 43.6 46.9 : : MT : July : 31.0 29.3 30.9 37.2 37.0 : Final : 33.7 28.7 32.3 38.8 36.3 : : NE : July : 60.3 42.9 48.4 56.4 59.8 : Final : 58.8 42.6 47.9 56.7 57.9 : : OH : July : 53.9 43.1 53.6 55.4 57.0 : Final : 52.9 43.6 53.5 55.1 57.3 : : OK : July : 43.4 32.5 52.8 39.9 40.2 : Final : 43.4 32.5 53.2 40.1 40.1 : : OR : July : 31.4 29.3 : Final : 31.9 29.2 : : TX : July : 37.9 32.2 42.9 39.6 40.7 : Final : 38.2 32.3 42.3 39.7 40.7 : : WA : July : 29.3 38.1 32.8 38.2 35.1 : Final : 29.3 37.9 32.9 37.7 34.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rye: Area Planted and Harvested by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 28 33 28 2 3 2 GA : 300 250 230 65 50 50 IL : 55 50 40 8 9 7 IN : 15 15 20 2 2 2 KS : 50 80 90 10 15 10 MD : 25 25 30 3 3 5 MI : 75 65 105 15 15 21 MN : 20 30 30 16 27 25 NE : 35 30 45 12 12 15 NJ : 20 38 20 5 5 4 NY : 40 50 45 7 15 15 NC : 80 90 100 15 20 28 ND : 22 65 40 19 61 37 OH : 30 35 35 4 4 4 OK : 200 300 300 60 70 55 PA : 50 60 65 10 15 15 SC : 35 30 35 10 20 20 SD : 30 40 24 26 35 23 TX : 130 120 140 10 20 25 VA : 80 80 80 5 5 8 WI : 80 80 80 12 12 12 : US : 1,400 1,571 1,582 316 418 383 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Rye: Yield and Production by State and United States, 1997-99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- ------- 1,000 Bushels ------- : CO : 27.0 28.0 33.0 54 84 66 GA : 22.0 21.0 21.0 1,430 1,050 1,050 IL : 30.0 37.0 29.0 240 333 203 IN : 32.0 38.0 35.0 64 76 70 KS : 30.0 25.0 30.0 300 375 300 MD : 25.0 32.0 31.0 75 96 155 MI : 30.0 28.0 36.0 450 420 756 MN : 25.0 31.0 31.0 400 837 775 NE : 20.0 24.0 24.0 240 288 360 NJ : 35.0 33.0 30.0 175 165 120 NY : 33.0 35.0 38.0 231 525 570 NC : 28.0 22.0 23.0 420 440 644 ND : 27.0 42.0 41.0 513 2,562 1,517 OH : 30.0 35.0 36.0 120 140 144 OK : 18.0 22.0 19.0 1,080 1,540 1,045 PA : 40.0 33.0 40.0 400 495 600 SC : 25.0 20.0 25.0 250 400 500 SD : 28.0 40.0 44.0 728 1,400 1,012 TX : 33.0 20.0 18.0 330 400 450 VA : 40.0 35.0 34.0 200 175 272 WI : 36.0 30.0 32.0 432 360 384 : US : 25.7 29.1 28.7 8,132 12,161 10,993 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 1997-99 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 5,068 4,892 4,670 Barley : 6,706 6,337 5,223 All Wheat : 70,412 65,821 62,998 Winter : 47,985 46,449 43,425 Durum : 3,310 3,805 4,075 Other Spring : 19,117 15,567 15,498 Rye : 1,400 1,566 1,582 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 1997-99 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 2,813 2,755 2,465 Barley : 6,198 5,864 4,778 All Wheat : 62,840 59,002 54,319 Winter : 41,340 40,126 35,542 Durum : 3,177 3,728 3,859 Other Spring : 18,323 15,148 14,918 Rye : 316 418 383 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 1997-99 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bushels : Oats : 59.5 60.2 60.0 Barley : 58.1 60.0 59.5 All Wheat : 39.5 43.2 42.7 Winter : 44.6 46.9 47.8 Durum : 27.6 37.0 28.5 Other Spring : 29.9 34.9 34.1 Rye : 25.7 29.1 28.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 1997-99 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : Oats : 167,246 165,981 147,906 Barley : 359,878 352,125 284,073 All Wheat : 2,481,466 2,547,321 2,317,591 Winter : 1,845,528 1,880,733 1,698,369 Durum : 87,783 138,119 110,042 Other Spring : 548,155 528,469 509,180 Rye : 8,132 12,161 10,993 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 1997-99 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 2,050,970 1,979,740 1,889,900 Barley : 2,713,850 2,564,520 2,113,700 All Wheat : 28,495,030 26,637,100 25,494,660 Winter : 19,419,050 18,797,450 17,573,660 Durum : 1,339,520 1,539,850 1,649,110 Other Spring : 7,736,460 6,299,810 6,271,890 Rye : 566,570 633,740 640,220 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 1997-99 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 1,138,390 1,114,920 997,560 Barley : 2,508,270 2,373,100 1,933,610 All Wheat : 25,430,720 23,877,520 21,982,360 Winter : 16,729,880 16,238,590 14,383,490 Durum : 1,285,700 1,508,680 1,561,700 Other Spring : 7,415,130 6,130,240 6,037,170 Rye : 127,880 169,160 155,000 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 1997-99 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 2.13 2.16 2.15 Barley : 3.12 3.23 3.20 All Wheat : 2.66 2.90 2.87 Winter : 3.00 3.15 3.21 Durum : 1.86 2.49 1.92 Other Spring : 2.01 2.35 2.30 Rye : 1.62 1.83 1.80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 1997-99 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 1997 : 1998 : 1999 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 2,427,570 2,409,210 2,146,850 Barley : 7,835,420 7,666,620 6,184,960 All Wheat : 67,534,440 69,326,720 63,074,490 Winter : 50,227,040 51,185,160 46,222,030 Durum : 2,389,060 3,758,980 2,994,850 Other Spring : 14,918,330 14,382,570 13,857,610 Rye : 206,560 308,900 279,240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oats: Production for the 1999 crop year is forecast at 147.9 million bushels, 11 percent smaller than the 1998 production. This is the lowest production since records were first kept in 1866. The forecasted yield, at 60.0 bushels per acre, is slightly below last year's 60.2 bushel yield. Area harvested and to be harvested for grain in 1999 is 2.47 million acres, 11 percent below 1998. This is the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record. Planting and crop development were ahead of normal in most of the Corn Belt States, especially east of the Mississippi River. In the northern Great Plains, planting was frequently delayed by wet weather and development remained behind normal for most of the summer. Early-season development was aided by adequate moisture supplies and warm weather, but a mid-season drought reduced yields in the mid-Atlantic and Northeast. Some fields were cut to supplement forage supplies in Pennsylvania and New York. In the Corn Belt, the hot, dry weather in July accelerated development and limited the crops' potential in some areas, but did not seriously affect yields. The oat harvest proceeded ahead of normal in the Corn Belt, where dry conditions prevailed during most of the harvest season. Wet weather periodically delayed progress in the upper Mississippi Valley and parts of the central and northern Great Plains. Barley: Production in 1999 is estimated at 284 million bushels, 1 percent above the last forecast, but down 19 percent from last year's estimate. This is the lowest production since 1953. Average yield per acre, at 59.5 bushels, is up 1 bushel from the previous forecast, but down 0.5 bushels from 1998. The area harvested for grain is estimated at 4.78 million acres, down 1 percent from the last forecast and 19 percent less than a year ago. This is the lowest acreage since 1900. North Dakota continued as the top ranked barley producing State, followed by Montana, Idaho, Washington, and Colorado. These five States produced nearly three-fourths of the 1999 barley crop. Harvest in North Dakota was only 71 percent complete by September 12, well behind the 5-year average of 95 percent. Condition of the crop declined throughout the month of August. North Dakota yields decreased 6 bushels from last year to 49.0 bushels per acre. Yields in Montana increased 2 bushels from last season. The crop was planted later than normal in some areas of the State due to significant moisture in the spring. The average yield in Idaho is equal to the year-ago level. Record high yields were achieved in Kentucky, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania. Winter Wheat: The 1999 winter wheat crop production was estimated at 1.70 billion bushels. This is up 1 percent from the August forecast, but 10 percent below the 1998 level. The U.S. yield increased 0.4 bushels from August to 47.8 bushels per acre; a new record high average, nearly a bushel better than last year's former record. Acreage for grain was estimated at 35.5 million acres, down less than 1 percent from last forecast. This is the smallest harvested area since 1972. Planted area is 43.4 million acres, unchanged from the last forecast. Hard Red Winter yields were generally up from the last forecast. A new Nebraska record yield was confirmed along with record setting, or tying yields in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, South Dakota, Texas and Utah. Soft Red Winter producing states yields per acre harvested averaged higher than August 1. Many southeastern States' yields are at record levels. Ohio's yield is a new high, as are Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin's yields. Oregon yields turned out even lower than expected. Idaho's average yield is up 2.0 bushels. Washington growers harvested a good quality, average yielding crop. The New York wheat yield is a new record high. Other Spring Wheat: Production in 1999 was estimated at 509 million bushels, up fractionally from the last forecast, but 4 percent less than in 1998. Harvested area is now 14.9 million acres, down 2 percent from last year. The U.S. yield was 34.1 bushels per acre, up slightly from the last forecast, but nearly a bushel less than last season. Harvest in the northern Plains trailed average progress as of September 26, except for South Dakota's which finished several weeks ago. Most remaining spring wheat fields for harvest are in North Dakota, Montana, and Idaho in that order. Washington's average yield is up from the last forecast as was Idaho's, but the Oregon average plummeted. Hard Red Spring State yields were generally unchanged from September. Objective Yield survey data showed plant populations at above average levels in Minnesota and Montana. Weight per head remained below average in Minnesota and North Dakota. Durum Wheat: Durum production for 1999 totaled 110 million bushels, down slightly from September 1 and 20 percent less than last year. Grain area now totals 3.86 million acres, down 1 percent from the last forecast, but still 4 percent more than a year ago. The U.S. yield was forecast at 28.5 bushels per acre, up three-tenths from the last forecast, but 8.5 bushels per acre below 1998. North Dakota's Durum harvest was only 69 percent complete as of September 26 well behind the average 91 percent. Quality of the remaining wheat has been compromised by sprouting and related moisture damage. Rye: Production for 1999 is estimated at 11.0 million bushels. Production is down 10 percent from last year largely due to an 8 percent drop in acres cut for grain. Harvested area totaled 383,000 acres. The U.S. yield, at 28.7 bushels per acre, is down 0.4 bushels from last season. Of the four largest producing States, North and South Dakota and Oklahoma had large percentage drops in production. 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