Cr Pr 2-3 (08) Small Grains 2008 Summary September 2008 National Agricultural Statistics Service USDA Washington, D.C. All wheat: Production totals 2.50 billion bushels in 2008, up 2 percent from the August forecast and up 21 percent from 2007. Grain area is 55.7 million acres, up 9 percent from last year. The U.S. yield is 44.9 bushels per acre, up 1.4 bushels from the last forecast and up 4.4 bushels from last year. The levels of production and changes from last year by type are: winter wheat, 1.87 billion bushels, up 23 percent; other spring wheat, 547 million bushels, up 14 percent; Durum wheat, 84.9 million bushels, up 18 percent. Oat production is estimated at a record low 88.6 million bushels, 1 percent below the August 1 forecast and down 3 percent from last year. The estimated yield is 63.5 bushels per acre, up 1.2 bushels from the last forecast and up 2.6 bushels from the previous year. Compared with last year, yields increased in the central and southern Great Plains, Pacific Northwest, and most States in the eastern half of the country. Harvested area, at 1.40 million acres, is 3 percent and 7 percent below August and last year, respectively. This is the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, continuing a steady downward trend. Barley production is estimated at 239 million bushels, 10 percent above the August forecast and 13 percent above 2007. Average yield per acre, at 63.6 bushels, is up 3.7 bushels from August and 3.2 bushels from last year. The area harvested for grain is estimated at 3.77 million acres, up 7 percent from a year ago. This report was approved on September 30, 2008. Secretary of Agriculture Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Statistics Board Chairperson Carol C. House Contents Page Grains & Hay Barley.........................................................6 Oats...........................................................4 Rye...........................................................18 Wheat, All.....................................................8 Wheat, by Class...............................................13 Wheat, Class Percentage Estimates.............................14 Wheat, Durum..................................................13 Wheat, Other Spring...........................................12 Head Population............................................17 Wheat, Winter.................................................10 Head Population............................................16 Crop Comments.......................................................21 Crop Summary........................................................19 Information Contacts................................................24 (This page intentionally left blank) Oats: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 50 45 50 10 16 15 CA : 270 210 230 20 20 20 CO : 85 75 45 10 10 7 GA : 70 70 65 30 30 25 ID : 90 70 70 20 20 20 IL : 60 35 45 40 24 30 IN : 25 25 15 14 8 5 IA : 210 145 150 110 67 75 KS : 100 90 60 40 35 25 ME : 31 31 32 30 30 31 MI : 80 70 75 65 55 60 MN : 290 270 250 200 180 175 MO : 40 25 15 28 8 6 MT : 70 75 60 24 35 30 NE : 160 120 95 45 35 35 NY : 85 100 80 67 60 64 NC : 60 50 60 26 15 30 ND : 420 460 320 120 260 130 OH : 70 75 75 55 55 50 OK : 35 80 50 8 15 10 OR : 50 60 45 20 22 18 PA : 135 115 105 110 80 80 SC : 33 33 33 18 13 19 SD : 380 330 220 95 125 120 TX : 760 710 600 100 100 100 UT : 45 35 40 7 5 4 VA : 16 16 12 4 5 4 WA : 30 30 20 8 9 5 WI : 370 270 270 230 160 190 WY : 48 40 30 12 8 12 : US : 4,168 3,760 3,217 1,566 1,505 1,395 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Oats: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels ------- : AL : 40.0 58.0 50.0 400 928 750 CA : 86.0 93.0 75.0 1,720 1,860 1,500 CO : 70.0 80.0 70.0 700 800 490 GA : 53.0 56.0 69.0 1,590 1,680 1,725 ID : 72.0 61.0 69.0 1,440 1,220 1,380 IL : 77.0 68.0 70.0 3,080 1,632 2,100 IN : 80.0 55.0 75.0 1,120 440 375 IA : 76.0 71.0 65.0 8,360 4,757 4,875 KS : 45.0 38.0 53.0 1,800 1,330 1,325 ME : 55.0 70.0 65.0 1,650 2,100 2,015 MI : 62.0 58.0 66.0 4,030 3,190 3,960 MN : 56.0 60.0 68.0 11,200 10,800 11,900 MO : 65.0 50.0 55.0 1,820 400 330 MT : 46.0 52.0 51.0 1,104 1,820 1,530 NE : 45.0 68.0 70.0 2,025 2,380 2,450 NY : 74.0 57.0 66.0 4,958 3,420 4,224 NC : 65.0 51.0 80.0 1,690 765 2,400 ND : 41.0 59.0 51.0 4,920 15,340 6,630 OH : 75.0 62.0 70.0 4,125 3,410 3,500 OK : 30.0 31.0 40.0 240 465 400 OR : 95.0 93.0 100.0 1,900 2,046 1,800 PA : 64.0 56.0 58.0 7,040 4,480 4,640 SC : 55.0 52.0 64.0 990 676 1,216 SD : 57.0 74.0 73.0 5,415 9,250 8,760 TX : 37.0 40.0 50.0 3,700 4,000 5,000 UT : 77.0 85.0 75.0 539 425 300 VA : 55.0 68.0 70.0 220 340 280 WA : 86.0 61.0 80.0 688 549 400 WI : 63.0 67.0 62.0 14,490 10,720 11,780 WY : 57.0 47.0 50.0 684 376 600 : US : 59.8 60.9 63.5 93,638 91,599 88,635 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Barley: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 25 35 42 22 33 40 CA : 90 85 90 65 40 55 CO : 47 60 80 42 58 72 DE : 27 21 25 24 19 22 ID : 530 570 600 510 550 580 KS : 24 20 17 18 13 10 KY : 15 10 8 14 3 7 ME : 18 18 20 17 17 19 MD : 50 45 45 32 34 35 MI : 15 14 12 14 13 10 MN : 105 130 130 90 110 110 MT : 770 900 860 620 720 740 NV : 4 3 3 2 1 1 NJ : 3 3 3 2 2 2 NY : 17 13 13 12 11 9 NC : 24 22 21 17 14 14 ND : 1,100 1,470 1,650 995 1,390 1,540 OH : 5 4 6 4 3 5 OR : 55 63 60 42 53 45 PA : 55 55 60 46 42 55 SD : 55 56 63 14 29 43 UT : 40 38 40 30 22 27 VA : 58 48 63 42 30 36 WA : 200 235 190 190 225 185 WI : 50 40 43 30 23 30 WY : 70 62 90 57 53 75 : US : 3,452 4,020 4,234 2,951 3,508 3,767 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Barley: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : AZ : 115.0 115.0 120.0 2,530 3,795 4,800 CA : 55.0 60.0 55.0 3,575 2,400 3,025 CO : 115.0 125.0 120.0 4,830 7,250 8,640 DE : 80.0 78.0 80.0 1,920 1,482 1,760 ID : 84.0 80.0 86.0 42,840 44,000 49,880 KS : 27.0 48.0 37.0 486 624 370 KY : 88.0 35.0 88.0 1,232 105 616 ME : 50.0 70.0 55.0 850 1,190 1,045 MD : 87.0 84.0 90.0 2,784 2,856 3,150 MI : 49.0 56.0 46.0 686 728 460 MN : 60.0 56.0 65.0 5,400 6,160 7,150 MT : 50.0 44.0 51.0 31,000 31,680 37,740 NV : 100.0 90.0 100.0 200 90 100 NJ : 57.0 68.0 71.0 114 136 142 NY : 55.0 46.0 52.0 660 506 468 NC : 80.0 53.0 71.0 1,360 742 994 ND : 49.0 56.0 56.0 48,755 77,840 86,240 OH : 68.0 50.0 72.0 272 150 360 OR : 58.0 47.0 50.0 2,436 2,491 2,250 PA : 81.0 73.0 75.0 3,726 3,066 4,125 SD : 40.0 40.0 41.0 560 1,160 1,763 UT : 76.0 78.0 85.0 2,280 1,716 2,295 VA : 77.0 71.0 85.0 3,234 2,130 3,060 WA : 63.0 60.0 57.0 11,970 13,500 10,545 WI : 54.0 57.0 54.0 1,620 1,311 1,620 WY : 85.0 89.0 92.0 4,845 4,717 6,900 : US : 61.1 60.4 63.6 180,165 211,825 239,498 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 100 120 240 45 80 200 AZ : 79 86 163 76 83 161 AR : 365 820 1,070 305 700 980 CA : 520 585 820 315 315 555 CO : 2,170 2,520 2,190 1,919 2,369 1,936 DE : 48 57 80 45 55 79 FL : 8 13 25 5 9 23 GA : 230 360 480 120 230 400 ID : 1,255 1,235 1,400 1,195 1,175 1,330 IL : 930 1,000 1,200 910 890 1,150 IN : 470 420 580 460 370 560 IA : 25 35 40 18 28 35 KS : 9,800 10,400 9,500 9,100 8,600 8,900 KY : 430 440 580 320 250 460 LA : 115 235 400 105 220 385 MD : 210 220 255 125 170 180 MI : 660 560 730 650 540 710 MN : 1,750 1,765 1,925 1,695 1,710 1,870 MS : 85 370 520 73 330 485 MO : 1,000 1,050 1,250 910 880 1,160 MT : 5,300 5,170 5,740 5,215 5,065 5,470 NE : 1,800 2,050 1,750 1,700 1,960 1,670 NV : 23 23 21 10 13 11 NJ : 25 31 35 22 28 33 NM : 440 490 430 120 300 140 NY : 105 100 130 95 85 122 NC : 560 630 820 420 500 720 ND : 8,800 8,595 9,230 8,290 8,405 8,640 OH : 990 820 1,120 960 730 1,090 OK : 5,700 5,900 5,600 3,400 3,500 4,500 OR : 880 875 960 845 855 945 PA : 160 170 195 150 155 185 SC : 130 160 220 123 135 205 SD : 3,310 3,509 3,661 2,576 3,328 3,420 TN : 280 420 620 190 260 520 TX : 5,550 6,200 5,800 1,400 3,800 3,300 UT : 144 146 150 136 132 139 VA : 190 230 310 155 205 280 WA : 2,280 2,170 2,260 2,225 2,137 2,225 WV : 8 8 11 6 6 8 WI : 261 299 373 240 278 357 WY : 158 146 163 141 130 146 : US : 57,344 60,433 63,047 46,810 51,011 55,685 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. All Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 58.0 43.0 71.0 2,610 3,440 14,200 AZ : 99.7 99.5 97.8 7,580 8,260 15,742 AR : 61.0 41.0 57.0 18,605 28,700 55,860 CA : 66.5 83.6 90.6 20,935 26,325 50,275 CO : 21.6 40.3 30.8 41,515 95,520 59,700 DE : 67.0 68.0 77.0 3,015 3,740 6,083 FL : 42.0 57.0 55.0 210 513 1,265 GA : 49.0 40.0 56.0 5,880 9,200 22,400 ID : 75.6 71.2 73.8 90,315 83,675 98,170 IL : 67.0 57.0 64.0 60,970 50,730 73,600 IN : 69.0 57.0 69.0 31,740 21,090 38,640 IA : 66.0 50.0 48.0 1,188 1,400 1,680 KS : 32.0 33.0 40.0 291,200 283,800 356,000 KY : 71.0 49.0 71.0 22,720 12,250 32,660 LA : 53.0 54.0 57.0 5,565 11,880 21,945 MD : 68.0 68.0 73.0 8,500 11,560 13,140 MI : 73.0 65.0 69.0 47,450 35,100 48,990 MN : 47.4 47.0 55.9 80,340 80,430 104,440 MS : 59.0 56.0 62.0 4,307 18,480 30,070 MO : 54.0 43.0 48.0 49,140 37,840 55,680 MT : 29.4 29.6 30.1 153,075 149,820 164,730 NE : 36.0 43.0 44.0 61,200 84,280 73,480 NV : 105.6 100.0 100.1 1,056 1,300 1,101 NJ : 60.0 51.0 61.0 1,320 1,428 2,013 NM : 32.0 26.0 30.0 3,840 7,800 4,200 NY : 61.0 52.0 63.0 5,795 4,420 7,686 NC : 59.0 40.0 60.0 24,780 20,000 43,200 ND : 30.4 35.7 36.0 251,770 300,050 311,200 OH : 68.0 63.0 68.0 65,280 45,990 74,120 OK : 24.0 28.0 37.0 81,600 98,000 166,500 OR : 52.6 54.7 55.7 44,440 46,785 52,600 PA : 59.0 58.0 64.0 8,850 8,990 11,840 SC : 50.0 31.0 54.0 6,150 4,185 11,070 SD : 32.6 44.3 50.5 84,090 147,516 172,540 TN : 64.0 41.0 63.0 12,160 10,660 32,760 TX : 24.0 37.0 30.0 33,600 140,600 99,000 UT : 45.0 48.6 41.4 6,120 6,420 5,756 VA : 68.0 64.0 71.0 10,540 13,120 19,880 WA : 62.9 60.2 52.8 140,050 128,722 117,530 WV : 61.0 58.0 60.0 366 348 480 WI : 76.2 68.0 64.5 18,290 18,910 23,012 WY : 27.5 26.5 29.4 3,879 3,445 4,286 : US : 38.7 40.5 44.9 1,812,036 2,066,722 2,499,524 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Area Planted and Harvested, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AL : 100 120 240 45 80 200 AZ : 4 6 13 2 4 12 AR : 365 820 1,070 305 700 980 CA : 450 500 650 250 240 400 CO : 2,150 2,500 2,150 1,900 2,350 1,900 DE : 48 57 80 45 55 79 FL : 8 13 25 5 9 23 GA : 230 360 480 120 230 400 ID : 750 750 850 710 710 800 IL : 930 1,000 1,200 910 890 1,150 IN : 470 420 580 460 370 560 IA : 25 35 40 18 28 35 KS : 9,800 10,400 9,500 9,100 8,600 8,900 KY : 430 440 580 320 250 460 LA : 115 235 400 105 220 385 MD : 210 220 255 125 170 180 MI : 660 560 730 650 540 710 MN : 50 65 75 45 60 70 MS : 85 370 520 73 330 485 MO : 1,000 1,050 1,250 910 880 1,160 MT : 1,950 2,240 2,600 1,920 2,190 2,420 NE : 1,800 2,050 1,750 1,700 1,960 1,670 NV : 17 17 12 8 12 7 NJ : 25 31 35 22 28 33 NM : 440 490 430 120 300 140 NY : 105 100 130 95 85 122 NC : 560 630 820 420 500 720 ND : 200 465 630 180 445 550 OH : 990 820 1,120 960 730 1,090 OK : 5,700 5,900 5,600 3,400 3,500 4,500 OR : 760 750 780 730 735 775 PA : 160 170 195 150 155 185 SC : 130 160 220 123 135 205 SD : 1,450 2,100 2,050 1,150 1,980 1,890 TN : 280 420 620 190 260 520 TX : 5,550 6,200 5,800 1,400 3,800 3,300 UT : 130 135 130 125 125 120 VA : 190 230 310 155 205 280 WA : 1,850 1,720 1,750 1,800 1,690 1,720 WV : 8 8 11 6 6 8 WI : 250 290 350 230 270 335 WY : 150 140 150 135 125 135 : US : 40,575 44,987 46,181 31,117 35,952 39,614 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. Winter Wheat: Yield and Production, by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- --------- 1,000 Bushels --------- : AL : 58.0 43.0 71.0 2,610 3,440 14,200 AZ : 90.0 90.0 95.0 180 360 1,140 AR : 61.0 41.0 57.0 18,605 28,700 55,860 CA : 58.0 80.0 85.0 14,500 19,200 34,000 CO : 21.0 40.0 30.0 39,900 94,000 57,000 DE : 67.0 68.0 77.0 3,015 3,740 6,083 FL : 42.0 57.0 55.0 210 513 1,265 GA : 49.0 40.0 56.0 5,880 9,200 22,400 ID : 77.0 73.0 75.0 54,670 51,830 60,000 IL : 67.0 57.0 64.0 60,970 50,730 73,600 IN : 69.0 57.0 69.0 31,740 21,090 38,640 IA : 66.0 50.0 48.0 1,188 1,400 1,680 KS : 32.0 33.0 40.0 291,200 283,800 356,000 KY : 71.0 49.0 71.0 22,720 12,250 32,660 LA : 53.0 54.0 57.0 5,565 11,880 21,945 MD : 68.0 68.0 73.0 8,500 11,560 13,140 MI : 73.0 65.0 69.0 47,450 35,100 48,990 MN : 62.0 48.0 52.0 2,790 2,880 3,640 MS : 59.0 56.0 62.0 4,307 18,480 30,070 MO : 54.0 43.0 48.0 49,140 37,840 55,680 MT : 43.0 38.0 39.0 82,560 83,220 94,380 NE : 36.0 43.0 44.0 61,200 84,280 73,480 NV : 110.0 100.0 103.0 880 1,200 721 NJ : 60.0 51.0 61.0 1,320 1,428 2,013 NM : 32.0 26.0 30.0 3,840 7,800 4,200 NY : 61.0 52.0 63.0 5,795 4,420 7,686 NC : 59.0 40.0 60.0 24,780 20,000 43,200 ND : 44.0 50.0 41.0 7,920 22,250 22,550 OH : 68.0 63.0 68.0 65,280 45,990 74,120 OK : 24.0 28.0 37.0 81,600 98,000 166,500 OR : 53.0 55.0 58.0 38,690 40,425 44,950 PA : 59.0 58.0 64.0 8,850 8,990 11,840 SC : 50.0 31.0 54.0 6,150 4,185 11,070 SD : 36.0 48.0 55.0 41,400 95,040 103,950 TN : 64.0 41.0 63.0 12,160 10,660 32,760 TX : 24.0 37.0 30.0 33,600 140,600 99,000 UT : 45.0 48.0 41.0 5,625 6,000 4,920 VA : 68.0 64.0 71.0 10,540 13,120 19,880 WA : 66.0 64.0 56.0 118,800 108,160 96,320 WV : 61.0 58.0 60.0 366 348 480 WI : 78.0 69.0 66.0 17,940 18,630 22,110 WY : 27.0 26.0 28.0 3,645 3,250 3,780 : US : 41.7 42.2 47.2 1,298,081 1,515,989 1,867,903 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Spring Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : CO : 20 20 40 19 19 36 ID : 490 470 540 470 450 520 MN : 1,700 1,700 1,850 1,650 1,650 1,800 MT : 2,950 2,450 2,550 2,900 2,400 2,480 NV : 6 6 9 2 1 4 ND : 7,300 6,650 6,800 6,850 6,500 6,400 OR : 120 125 180 115 120 170 SD : 1,850 1,400 1,600 1,420 1,340 1,520 UT : 14 11 20 11 7 19 WA : 430 450 510 425 447 505 WI : 11 9 23 10 8 22 WY : 8 6 13 6 5 11 : US : 14,899 13,297 14,135 13,878 12,947 13,487 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels --------- -------- 1,000 Bushels -------- : CO : 85.0 80.0 75.0 1,615 1,520 2,700 ID : 73.0 68.0 72.0 34,310 30,600 37,440 MN : 47.0 47.0 56.0 77,550 77,550 100,800 MT : 22.0 23.0 24.0 63,800 55,200 59,520 NV : 88.0 100.0 95.0 176 100 380 ND : 31.0 36.0 38.5 212,350 234,000 246,400 OR : 50.0 53.0 45.0 5,750 6,360 7,650 SD : 30.0 39.0 45.0 42,600 52,260 68,400 UT : 45.0 60.0 44.0 495 420 836 WA : 50.0 46.0 42.0 21,250 20,562 21,210 WI : 35.0 35.0 41.0 350 280 902 WY : 39.0 39.0 46.0 234 195 506 : US : 33.2 37.0 40.5 460,480 479,047 546,744 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Durum Wheat: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : AZ : 75 80 150 74 79 149 CA : 70 85 170 65 75 155 ID : 15 15 10 15 15 10 MT : 400 480 590 395 475 570 ND : 1,300 1,480 1,800 1,260 1,460 1,690 SD : 10 9 11 6 8 10 : US : 1,870 2,149 2,731 1,815 2,112 2,584 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 :----------------------------------------------------------------------- : ---------- Bushels ---------- -------- 1,000 Bushels ------- : AZ : 100.0 100.0 98.0 7,400 7,900 14,602 CA : 99.0 95.0 105.0 6,435 7,125 16,275 ID : 89.0 83.0 73.0 1,335 1,245 730 MT : 17.0 24.0 19.0 6,715 11,400 10,830 ND : 25.0 30.0 25.0 31,500 43,800 42,250 SD : 15.0 27.0 19.0 90 216 190 : US : 29.5 33.9 32.8 53,475 71,686 84,877 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2006-2008 1/ ---------------------------------------------------------------- : Winter :--------------------------------------------------------- Year : Hard : Soft : Hard : Soft : All : Red : Red : White : White : White ---------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2006 : 682,079 390,165 13,284 212,553 225,837 2007 : 961,588 357,897 21,460 175,044 196,504 2008 :1,035,235 613,578 22,730 196,360 219,090 :------------------------------------------------------------------- : Spring : :---------------------------------------------------------: : Hard : Hard : Soft : All : : Total : Red : White : White : White : Durum : :------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : 2006 : 432,339 6,226 21,915 28,141 53,475 1,812,036 2007 : 448,904 5,589 24,554 30,143 71,686 2,066,722 2008 : 511,508 6,315 28,921 35,236 84,877 2,499,524 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. Wheat: Class Percentage Estimates The following percentages are the basis for the U.S. wheat production by class estimates each year. These estimates are based on the latest varietal or class survey data available. These end-of-season percentages will be used during the 2009 forecast season. However, if an unusual situation significantly distorts a State's usual distribution, then updated percentages will be used to forecast the production by class. (Note: The Idaho, Oregon, and Washington percentages are based on their estimates of production by class). Winter Wheat: Production Distribution by Class and State, 2007-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Hard Red : Soft Red : Hard White : Soft White : All White :----------------------------------------------------------------------- :2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 :2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : AL : 100 100 AZ : 100 95 5 5 AR : 100 100 CA : 83 83 7 7 10 10 17 17 CO : 93 93 7 7 7 7 DE : 100 100 FL : 100 100 GA : 100 100 ID : 32 29 1 1 67 70 68 71 IL : 2 5 98 95 IN : 100 100 IA : 55 55 45 45 KS : 97 97 3 3 3 3 KY : 1 1 99 99 LA : 3 2 97 98 MD : 100 100 MI : 3 3 59 59 38 38 38 38 MN : 100 100 MS : 100 100 MO : 6 4 94 96 MT : 98 99 2 1 2 1 NE : 99 99 1 1 1 1 NV : 3 2 97 98 100 100 NJ : 100 100 NM : 100 100 NY : 3 3 34 34 63 63 63 63 NC : 100 100 ND : 100 100 OH : 100 100 OK : 97 97 1 1 2 2 2 2 OR : 6 4 94 96 94 96 PA : 100 100 SC : 100 100 SD : 100 100 TN : 100 100 TX : 96 96 4 4 UT : 73 73 27 27 27 27 VA : 100 100 WA : 25 15 75 85 75 85 WV : 100 100 WI : 1 1 97 97 2 2 2 2 WY : 100 100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Spring Wheat (excluding Durum): Production Distribution by Class and State, 2007-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Hard Red : Hard White : Soft White : All White :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Percent : CO : 76 76 2 2 22 22 24 24 ID : 52 53 13 14 35 33 48 47 MN : 100 100 MT : 99 99 1 1 1 1 NV : 5 4 95 96 95 96 ND : 100 100 OR : 37 35 63 65 63 65 SD : 100 100 UT : 64 62 36 38 36 38 WA : 50 50 5 2 45 48 50 50 WI : 100 86 14 14 WY : 98 98 2 2 2 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Winter Wheat: Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat estimating States during 2008. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields were visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. Winter Wheat: Heads per Square Foot, Selected States, 2004-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State : Month : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : CO : July : 32.8 44.1 34.6 41.3 37.8 : August: 32.1 44.2 34.5 41.5 38.8 : Final : 32.1 44.2 34.5 41.5 38.8 : : IL : July : 51.0 57.3 62.4 52.3 63.9 : August: 51.0 57.1 62.5 52.3 63.2 : Final : 51.0 57.1 62.5 52.3 63.2 : : KS : July : 41.2 47.8 39.9 43.5 44.7 : August: 41.4 47.8 39.9 43.6 44.7 : Final : 41.4 47.8 39.9 43.6 44.7 : : MO : July : 51.8 44.4 48.2 53.1 61.5 : August: 51.8 44.4 48.2 53.1 53.2 : Final : 51.8 44.4 48.2 53.1 53.2 : : MT : July : 40.2 48.7 42.1 38.5 38.6 : August: 40.4 48.9 42.9 38.1 39.5 : Final : 40.4 48.9 42.9 38.1 39.4 : : NE : July : 43.0 59.6 50.8 49.5 44.9 : August: 43.2 59.1 51.2 49.2 47.6 : Final : 43.2 59.1 51.2 49.2 47.6 : : OH : July : 52.1 56.1 53.5 52.4 58.4 : August: 52.1 56.0 53.7 52.4 61.0 : Final : 52.1 56.0 53.7 52.4 61.0 : : OK : July : 40.5 39.4 31.7 42.8 41.8 : August: 40.5 39.4 31.7 42.8 41.8 : Final : 40.5 39.4 31.7 42.8 41.8 : : TX : July : 31.7 32.4 29.1 38.5 30.6 : August: 31.7 32.4 29.1 38.5 31.0 : Final : 31.7 32.5 29.1 38.5 31.5 : : WA : July : 36.4 39.3 38.5 38.9 38.4 : August: 36.7 39.8 37.9 38.1 36.6 : Final : 36.7 39.8 37.9 38.1 36.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All Spring Wheat: Head Population The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in three spring wheat producing States during 2008. Randomly selected plots in wheat fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. All Spring Wheat: Heads per Square Foot, Selected States, 2004-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Crop : : : : : : and : : 2004 : 2005 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 1/ State : : : : : : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : : Number : : Other Spring : : : : MN : Final: 55.0 52.2 50.3 52.5 50.1 : : MT : Final: 26.9 30.8 27.6 28.5 26.7 : : ND : Final: 46.7 45.3 39.9 42.8 41.1 : : Durum : : : : ND : Final: 27.2 29.9 24.0 27.0 25.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Preliminary. Final counts will be published in the "Crop Production 2008 Summary". Rye: Area Planted and Harvested by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted 1/ : Area Harvested State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : GA : 230 230 200 25 40 40 OK : 310 300 280 65 60 55 : Oth : Sts 2/ : 856 846 780 184 189 174 : US : 1,396 1,376 1,260 274 289 269 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Includes area planted in preceding fall. 2/ Other States include IL, KS, MI, MN, NE, NY, NC, ND, PA, SC, SD, TX, and WI. Rye: Yield and Production by State and United States, 2006-2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield : Production State :----------------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : --------- Bushels -------- ------ 1,000 Bushels ------ : GA : 26.0 21.0 30.0 650 840 1,200 OK : 16.0 18.0 19.0 1,040 1,080 1,045 : Oth : Sts 1/ : 29.9 31.7 33.0 5,503 5,994 5,734 : US : 26.3 27.4 29.7 7,193 7,914 7,979 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Other States include IL, KS, MI, MN, NE, NY, NC, ND, PA, SC, SD, TX, and WI. Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 2006-2008 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 4,168 3,760 3,217 Barley : 3,452 4,020 4,234 All Wheat : 57,344 60,433 63,047 Winter : 40,575 44,987 46,181 Durum : 1,870 2,149 2,731 Other Spring : 14,899 13,297 14,135 Rye : 1,396 1,376 1,260 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 2006-2008 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Acres : Oats : 1,566 1,505 1,395 Barley : 2,951 3,508 3,767 All Wheat : 46,810 51,011 55,685 Winter : 31,117 35,952 39,614 Durum : 1,815 2,112 2,584 Other Spring : 13,878 12,947 13,487 Rye : 274 289 269 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 2006-2008 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Bushels : Oats : 59.8 60.9 63.5 Barley : 61.1 60.4 63.6 All Wheat : 38.7 40.5 44.9 Winter : 41.7 42.2 47.2 Durum : 29.5 33.9 32.8 Other Spring : 33.2 37.0 40.5 Rye : 26.3 27.4 29.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 2006-2008 (Domestic Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : 1,000 Bushels : Oats : 93,638 91,599 88,635 Barley : 180,165 211,825 239,498 All Wheat : 1,812,036 2,066,722 2,499,524 Winter : 1,298,081 1,515,989 1,867,903 Durum : 53,475 71,686 84,877 Other Spring : 460,480 479,047 546,744 Rye : 7,193 7,914 7,979 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Planted, United States, 2006-2008 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Planted Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 1,686,750 1,521,630 1,301,890 Barley : 1,396,990 1,626,850 1,713,460 All Wheat 1/ : 23,206,540 24,456,630 25,514,490 Winter : 16,420,300 18,205,790 18,688,990 Durum : 756,770 869,680 1,105,210 Other Spring : 6,029,480 5,381,160 5,720,290 Rye : 564,950 556,850 509,910 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Area Harvested, United States, 2006-2008 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Area Harvested Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Hectares : Oats : 633,740 609,060 564,540 Barley : 1,194,240 1,419,650 1,524,470 All Wheat 1/ : 18,943,540 20,643,640 22,535,160 Winter : 12,592,740 14,549,410 16,031,390 Durum : 734,510 854,710 1,045,720 Other Spring : 5,616,290 5,239,520 5,458,050 Rye : 110,890 116,960 108,860 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Yield, United States, 2006-2008 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Yield Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 2.14 2.18 2.28 Barley : 3.28 3.25 3.42 All Wheat : 2.60 2.72 3.02 Winter : 2.81 2.84 3.17 Durum : 1.98 2.28 2.21 Other Spring : 2.23 2.49 2.73 Rye : 1.65 1.72 1.86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Small Grains - Annual Summary: Production, United States, 2006-2008 (Metric Units) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Production Crop :----------------------------------------------------------- : 2006 : 2007 : 2008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- : Metric Tons : Oats : 1,359,150 1,329,560 1,286,530 Barley : 3,922,630 4,611,940 5,214,450 All Wheat 1/ : 49,315,540 56,246,960 68,025,900 Winter : 35,327,980 41,258,460 50,835,990 Durum : 1,455,350 1,950,970 2,309,970 Other Spring : 12,532,210 13,037,520 14,879,930 Rye : 182,710 201,020 202,680 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ All wheat may not add due to rounding. Crop Comments Oats: The 2008 production is estimated at a record low 88.6 million bushels, 1 percent below the August 1 forecast and down 3 percent from last year. The estimated yield is 63.5 bushels per acre, up 2.6 bushels from the previous year. Area planted to oats is estimated at a record low 3.22 million acres, down 14 percent from 2007. Harvested area, at 1.40 million acres, is 7 percent below last year. This is the smallest acreage harvested for grain on record, continuing a steady downward trend. The largest decline occurred in North Dakota, where area harvested for grain decreased 130,000 acres from last year. Many States experienced large yield changes from last year. In Kansas, favorable growing conditions led to a yield increase from last year of 15 bushels. Other States that reported large increases in yield are North Carolina with a 29 bushel increase and Washington with a 19 bushel increase from last year. The average yield declined 18 bushels from last year in California and 10 bushels in Utah and Colorado. During early spring, planting of the oat crop lagged behind the normal pace. By April 27, growers had planted 54 percent of the acreage, 14 points behind normal. During April, emergence also trailed behind the normal pace. By the end of April, emergence was 33 percent complete, 9 points behind the 5-year average and 1 point behind last year. However, by May 25 the crop had advanced to the 5-year average of 98 percent planted and 84 percent emerged, 6 points behind the norm. Through June, crop development was behind normal in all major oat-producing States. As of June 29, sixty-two percent of the oat acreage was headed, 15 points behind the 5-year average. The crop was most advanced in Texas and Ohio, where 100 percent and 94 percent, respectively, was at or beyond the heading stage. Progress was well behind the normal pace in all major producing States except Texas, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. By August 3, thirty-four percent of the oat acreage was harvested, 28 points behind last year and 18 points behind the normal pace. Harvest in Texas was complete with Nebraska following closely behind at 86 percent. In North Dakota, only 12 percent of the oat crop was harvested, 10 points behind normal and 12 points behind last year's pace. By August 24, harvest was 88 percent complete in the major producing States, 3 points behind the 5-year average. Barley: Production is estimated at 239 million bushels, 10 percent above the August forecast and 13 percent above 2007. Average yield per acre, at 63.6 bushels, is up 3.2 bushels from last year. The area harvested for grain is estimated at 3.77 million acres, 7 percent above a year ago. Harvested area increased from last year in the top two producing States, up 150,000 acres in North Dakota and up 30,000 acres in Idaho. These increases in harvested acres coupled with increased or unchanged yields in the top producing States resulted in the increased production. Planting was delayed early in the season, especially in Idaho and Washington. By May 18, planting progress had caught up to last year's pace and was 6 points ahead of the 5-year average. Emergence was slow early due to the planting delays, cooler weather in the west, and wet weather in the upper Mississippi Valley. By June 1, ninety-one percent of the crop had emerged, 2 points ahead of normal. Despite early delays, heading progress was at the average pace by July 20. Harvest began in mid-July and progressed about a week behind the 5-year average. Condition ratings declined each week in July, finishing the month with 53 percent rated good to excellent. Ratings were steady the remainder of the growing season, finishing only 1 point lower on August 24. Winter Wheat: The 2008 winter wheat production is estimated at 1.87 billion bushels, down slightly from the final forecast but up 23 percent from last year. The U.S. yield is 47.2 bushels per acre, up 0.6 bushel from August and up 5.0 bushels from last year's final yield. Area harvested for grain is estimated at 39.6 million acres, down 2 percent from the last forecast but up 10 percent from the previous year. Hard Red Winter harvested acreage is up about 1 percent from the previous year while Soft Red Winter harvested acreage is up about 43 percent. Hard Red Winter (HRW) planted acreage is down from last year due to dry conditions at planting time in the Great Plains States. Although fewer acres of wheat were planted in Kansas and Oklahoma, producers saw good harvest conditions compared with last year's flood and freeze damaged crops which resulted in an increase in harvested acres in these States this year. Oklahoma's production is up 70 percent from 2007 and Kansas' production is up 25 percent. Colorado and Texas experienced drought situations that reduced production 39 percent and 30 percent, respectively. Overall, HRW production totals 1.0 billion bushels, up 8 percent from last year's 962 million bushels. Favorable conditions along with high wheat prices during the fall resulted in more acreage planted to wheat across all of the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing region. This is the third straight year of larger planted area in the southern SRW growing areas with harvested area also increasing sharply. Production of SRW wheat is up from last year when yields were reduced by an early April freeze. Good growing conditions resulted in record yields in many States. Overall, SRW production is 614 million bushels, up 71 percent from last year when 358 million bushels were produced. White Winter production is 219 million bushels, up 11 percent from last year. Harvested acreage in the Pacific Northwest States (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) is above last year's level. In Washington, yields are down from last year due to a lack of rain and unseasonably high temperatures during the growing season. Although the Idaho and Oregon crops faced dry weather in May and June, conditions improved and yields were up 2 bushels and 3 bushels from a year ago, respectively. Other Spring Wheat: Production for 2008 is estimated at 547 million bushels, up 9 percent from the August forecast and up 14 percent from last year. Harvested area is 13.5 million acres, down 2 percent from August but up 4 percent from 2007. The U.S. yield is 40.5 bushels per acre, 4.1 bushels above the last forecast and up 3.5 bushels from last year. Yields are above last year's level in all States except Colorado, Oregon, Utah and Washington. Spring wheat planting in the six major producing States started off at normal or ahead of normal, however crop development and maturation continued behind normal throughout the growing season. Hot and dry weather during July caused the crop condition ratings to decline and accelerated maturation, however crop progress remained behind normal. Harvest progress lagged behind the normal pace in all States in the growing area. Durum Wheat: Production for 2008 totaled 84.9 million bushels, down 2 percent from the August forecast but up 18 percent from 2007. Grain area harvested is 2.58 million acres, down fractionally from August but up 22 percent from the previous year. The U.S. yield is estimated at 32.8 bushels per acre, down 0.7 bushel from the last forecast and down 1.1 bushels from 2007. In the northern Great Plains, warm, dry conditions during the months of June and July accelerated crop development and decreased the yield from last year. Yields are below last year's level in all States except California. Rye: Production for 2008 is estimated at 7.98 million bushels, up 1 percent from last year. Harvested area totals 269,000 acres, down 20,000 acres from 2007. The U.S. yield, at 29.7 bushels per acre, is up 2.3 bushels from last year. Georgia leads the Nation in production with 1.20 million bushels produced in 2008. Good moisture conditions in the State contributed to higher yields and production compared with the 2007 crop. Information Contacts Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information. Jeff Geuder, Chief............................................(202) 720-2127 Field Crops Section Lance Honig, Head.............................................(202) 720-2127 Todd Ballard - Wheat, Rye.....................................(202) 720-8068 Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings.......................(202) 720-5944 Don Gephart - Hay, Oats, Sorghum..............................(202) 690-3234 Ty Kalaus - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed......................(202) 720-9526 Dawn Keen - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops.................(202) 720-7621 Anthony Prillaman - Peanuts, Rice.............................(202) 720-7688 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..........(202) 720-7369 Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head.....................................(202) 720-2127 Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco........(202) 720-7235 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries..........................................(202) 720-2157 Mike Jacobsen - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries, Plums, Prunes.................................................(202) 720-4288 Doug Marousek - Floriculture, Nursery, Tree Nuts..............(202) 720-4215 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas....................................(202) 720-3250 Suzanne Avilla - Citrus, Tropical Fruits......................(202) 720-5412 Faye Propsom - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes............(202) 720-4285 Kim Ritchie - Hops............................................(360) 902-1940 ACCESS TO REPORTS!! 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USDA Data Users’ Meeting October 20, 2008 Doubletree Hotel Chicago O’Hare Airport-Rosemont Rosemont, Illinois (847) 292-9100 The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and information programs and seek comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, the Foreign Agricultural Service, and World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting. For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting, see the NASS homepage at www.nass.usda.gov/forum/ or contact Marjorie Taylor NASS) at (202) 690-8141 or at marjorie_taylor@nass.usda.gov. This Data Users’ Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook meeting that will be held at the same location on October 21, 2008. The Outlook meeting brings together analysts from various commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional information for the Industry Outlook Meeting see the Livestock and Marketing Information Center (LMIC) homepage at www.lmic.info or contact Jim Robb at (720) 544-2941 or at robb@lmic.info.